Annual Reviews Conversations

What happens when one award winning astronomer interviews another?

Sandy Faber, Co-Editor of the Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, in conversation with Dutch astronomer Maarten Schmidt about his life and work. Audio 4 of 4. Read the accompanying article entitled “Exploring the Universe" http://arevie.ws/maartenschmidt.

Annual Reviews is a non-profit publisher that offers accurate, enlightened syntheses of the research literature in the natural and social sciences in order to advance knowledge and to provide an informed view to the wider public.

What happens when one award winning astronomer interviews another?

Sandy Faber, Co-Editor of the Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, in conversation with Dutch astronomer Maarten Schmidt about his life and work. Audio 2 of 4. Read the accompanying article entitled “Exploring the Universe" http://arevie.ws/maartenschmidt. 

Annual Reviews is a non-profit publisher that offers accurate, enlightened syntheses of the research literature in the natural and social sciences in order to advance knowledge and to provide an informed view to the wider public.

What happens when one award winning astronomer interviews another?

Sandy Faber, Co-Editor of the Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, in conversation with Dutch astronomer Maarten Schmidt about his life and work. Audio 3 of 4. Read the accompanying article entitled “Exploring the Universe" http://arevie.ws/maartenschmidt. 

Annual Reviews is a non-profit publisher that offers accurate, enlightened syntheses of the research literature in the natural and social sciences in order to advance knowledge and to provide an informed view to the wider public.

What happens when one award winning astronomer interviews another?

Sandy Faber, Co-Editor of the Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, in conversation with Dutch astronomer Maarten Schmidt about his life and work. Audio 1 of 4. Read the accompanying article entitled “Exploring the Universe" http://arevie.ws/maartenschmidt. 

Annual Reviews is a non-profit publisher that offers accurate, enlightened syntheses of the research literature in the natural and social sciences in order to advance knowledge and to provide an informed view to the wider public.

Read the associated article: http://arevie.ws/groupaffect

Explore how emotional contagion helps maintain group cohesiveness in a professional environment, and how leaders can cultivate positive affect for better results. Sigal Barsade, of the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania, and Andrew Knight, of Olin Business School at Washington University, discuss their article “Group Affect,” which they co-wrote for the 2015 Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior.

Maribeth V. Eiden, of the Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Regulation at the National Institute of Mental Health, discusses her article “Koala Retroviruses: Evolution and Disease Dynamics,” which she wrote with Wenqin Xu for the 2015 Annual Review of Virology. Read their article at: http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/full/10.1146/annurev-virology-100114-055056

Adam Heller, Research Professor and Professor Emeritus of Chemical Engineering at the University of Texas at Austin and Chief Science Officer at SynAgile Corp., talks about his life and career with Elton J. Cairns, Professor of the Graduate School, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering at the University of California, Berkeley, and Faculty Senior Scientist at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Dr. Heller discusses his and his family’s deportation from Hungary to Switzerland during the second World War, and their move to British Mandate Palestine, which eventually became Israel. He then recounts how his research allowed him to lead the development of one of the very first lithium batteries, liquid lasers, more efficient solar cells, and a way to monitor the glucose concentration in the blood of diabetic patients.

In conversation with professor Dianne Newman, Caltech geobiologist, James “Jim” J. Morgan recalls his early days in Ireland and New York City, education in parochial and public schools, and introduction to science in Cardinal Hayes High School, Bronx.  In 1950, Jim entered Manhattan College, where he elected study of civil engineering, in particular water quality. Donald O'Connor motivated Jim's future study of O2 in rivers at Michigan, where in his MS work he learned to model O2dynamics of rivers. As an engineering instructor at Illinois, Jim worked on rivers polluted by synthetic detergents. He chose to focus on chemical studies, seeing it as crucial for the environment. Jim enrolled for PhD studies with Werner Stumm at Harvard, who mentored his research in chemistry of particle coagulation and oxidation processes of Mn(II) and (IV). In succeeding decades, until retirement in 2000, Jim's teaching and research centered on aquatic chemistry; major themes comprised rates of abiotic manganese oxidation on particle surfaces and flocculation of natural water particles, and chemical speciation proved the key.

Read a transcript of the conversation online at http://arevie.ws/JamesJMorgan.

Hanna Pitkin, Professor Emerita of Political Science at the University of California, Berkeley, talks about her life and career with Nancy Rosenblum, Professor of Ethics and Politics in Government at Harvard University and Co-Editor of the Annual Review of Political Science. Dr. Pitkin discusses her childhood, growing up between two "Jewish intellectual left-wingers" who fled 1930s Germany to Oslo, Prague, and eventually Los Angeles. She describes how her refugee status and acquisition of new languages led her to become a scholar in political science. In 1967, she published "The Concept of Representation," which won the 2003 Johan Skytte Prize in Political Science "for her groundbreaking theoretical work, predominantly on the problem of representation." She went on to study other topics such as gender and politics in Machiavelli and Hannah Arendt's concept of "the Social." Read the associated article online: http://arevie.ws/HannaPitkin.

Edgar H. Schein, Professor Emeritus at the MIT Sloan School of Management, talks about his life and career with Frederick P. Morgeson, Eli Broad Professor of Management at the Eli Broad Graduate School of Management of Michigan State University in an interview for the Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior. Read the associated article: http://arevie.ws/EdSchein.

Edgar H. Schein, Professor Emeritus at the MIT Sloan School of Management, talks about his life and career with Frederick P. Morgeson, Eli Broad Professor of Management at the Eli Broad Graduate School of Management of Michigan State University in an interview for the Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior. Read the associated article: http://arevie.ws/EdSchein.

Edgar H. Schein, Professor Emeritus at the MIT Sloan School of Management, talks about his life and career with Frederick P. Morgeson, Eli Broad Professor of Management at the Eli Broad Graduate School of Management of Michigan State University in an interview for the Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior. Read the associated article: http://arevie.ws/EdSchein.

Edgar H. Schein, Professor Emeritus at the MIT Sloan School of Management, talks about his life and career with Frederick P. Morgeson, Eli Broad Professor of Management at the Eli Broad Graduate School of Management of Michigan State University in an interview for the Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior. Read the associated article: http://arevie.ws/EdSchein.

Edgar H. Schein, Professor Emeritus at the MIT Sloan School of Management, talks about his life and career with Frederick P. Morgeson, Eli Broad Professor of Management at the Eli Broad Graduate School of Management of Michigan State University in an interview for the Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior. Read the associated article: http://arevie.ws/EdSchein.

Edgar H. Schein, Professor Emeritus at the MIT Sloan School of Management, talks about his life and career with Frederick P. Morgeson, Eli Broad Professor of Management at the Eli Broad Graduate School of Management of Michigan State University in an interview for the Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior. Read the associated article: http://arevie.ws/EdSchein.

Edgar H. Schein, Professor Emeritus at the MIT Sloan School of Management, talks about his life and career with Frederick P. Morgeson, Eli Broad Professor of Management at the Eli Broad Graduate School of Management of Michigan State University in an interview for the Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior. Read the associated article: http://arevie.ws/EdSchein.

Edgar H. Schein, Professor Emeritus at the MIT Sloan School of Management, talks about his life and career with Frederick P. Morgeson, Eli Broad Professor of Management at the Eli Broad Graduate School of Management of Michigan State University in an interview for the Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior. Read the associated article: http://arevie.ws/EdSchein.

Edgar H. Schein, Professor Emeritus at the MIT Sloan School of Management, talks about his life and career with Frederick P. Morgeson, Eli Broad Professor of Management at the Eli Broad Graduate School of Management of Michigan State University in an interview for the Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior. Read the associated article: http://arevie.ws/EdSchein.

Jason A. Colquitt and Kate P. Zipay, of the Terry College of Business at the University of Georgia, discuss their article “Justice, Fairness, and Employee Reactions,” which they wrote for the 2015  Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior. Read the related article online at http://arevie.ws/JusticeFairnessandEmployeeReactions.

Jason A. Colquitt and Kate P. Zipay, of the Terry College of Business at the University of Georgia, discuss their article “Justice, Fairness, and Employee Reactions,” which they wrote for the 2015  Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior. Read the related article online at http://arevie.ws/JusticeFairnessandEmployeeReactions.

Jason A. Colquitt and Kate P. Zipay, of the Terry College of Business at the University of Georgia, discuss their article “Justice, Fairness, and Employee Reactions,” which they wrote for the 2015  Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior. Read the related article online at http://arevie.ws/JusticeFairnessandEmployeeReactions.

Jason A. Colquitt and Kate P. Zipay, of the Terry College of Business at the University of Georgia, discuss their article “Justice, Fairness, and Employee Reactions,” which they wrote for the 2015  Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior. Read the related article online at http://arevie.ws/JusticeFairnessandEmployeeReactions.

Professor Oliver Smithies is the Weatherspoon Eminent Distinguished Professor of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Along with Mario Capecchi and Martin Evans, Oliver was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in Physiology or Medicine in 2007 for his contributions to the development of gene targeting using homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells. This technique has had an immense impact on biomedical research over the past two decades. Professor Smithies has had a long and distinguished career as a researcher and mentor. Here, he engages in an entertaining and enlightening discussion of his life in science with Dr. Tom Coffman, professor of medicine at Duke University.

An introduction to the 2014 review by Cristina Risco, Isabel Fernandez de Castro, Laura Sanz-Sanchez, Kedar Narayan, Giovanna Grandinetti, and Sriram Subramaniam, "Three-Dimensional Imaging of Viral Infections," from the Annual Review of Virology.

In this presentation, Annual Review of Virology Editor Lynn Enquist, and Associate Editors Terence S. Dermody and Daniel DiMaio, discuss what motivated them to launch the journal. They explain how they appointed editorial committee members and how they work together to select contributing authors and article topics for each volume. They underscore the need to keep up with the discoveries and technological advances in virology while maintaining the focus on the future of the field. In this mission, they endeavor to engage a broad audience, keeping the articles clear so as to serve as support for both teaching and research.

Winnie M. Chan and Grant McFadden of the Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, introduce their article for the 2014 Annual Review of Virology, titled "Oncolytic Poxviruses."

Aaron Bernstein, Associate Director of the Center for Health and the Global Environment at the Harvard School of Public Health, Instructor in Pediatrics at Harvard Medical School and a Physician at Children’s Hospital in Boston, presents a slideshow to illustrate his article, "Biological Diversity and Public Health," which he wrote for the 2014 Annual Review of Public Health. He examines the various roles biodiversity has played in human health and explains how biodiversity loss threatens our wellbeing. Watch the full slideshow here.

Thilo Stehle of the University of Tübingen introduces his article for the 2014 Annual Review of Virology, titled "Glycan Engagement by Viruses: Receptor Switches and Specificity."

Graham F. Hatfull of the University of Pittsburgh introduces his article for the 2014 Annual Review of Virology, titled "PHIRE and TWiV: Experiences in Bringing Virology to New Audiences."

Julie K. Pfeiffer of the Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, introduces her article for the 2014 Annual Review of Virology, titled "Viruses and the Microbiota."

Jean-François Laliberté of Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Armand-Frappier, introduces his article for the 2014 Annual Review of Virology, titled "Viral Manipulation of Plant Host Membranes."

Terry Hartig, of the University of Uppsala; Richard Mitchell, of the University of Glasgow and the Centre for Research on Environment, Society, and Health; Sjerp de Vries, of the Alterra Institute and the University of Wageningen; and Howard Frumkin, of the University of Washington in Seattle, talk about their article "Nature and Health," which they wrote for the 2014 Annual Review of Public Health. They discuss the current state of research on the impact that contact with nature has on individual and population health.

Benjamin Schneider, Distinguished Scholar in Residence at the Eller College of Management of the University of Arizona and Senior Research Fellow at CEB-Valtera, and Lyman Porter, Full Professor Emeritus at the Paul Merage School of Business of the University of California, Irvine, talk about their life and career with Frederick Morgeson, Eli Broad Professor of Management at the Eli Broad College of Business of the University of Michigan. They discuss their beginnings as researchers in the field of organizational science and how their friendship developed since the 1960s. Addressing young scholars, they give their recommendations for a successful career.

Herman Aguinis, John F. Mee Chair of Management at the Kelley School of Business of Indiana University, Bloomington, and Robert J. Vandenberg, Robert O. Arnold Professor of Business at the Terry College of Business of the University of Georgia, talk about their article "An Ounce of Prevention Is Worth a Pound of Cure: Improving Research Quality Before Data Collection," which they wrote for the first volume of the Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior. In this lecture, they discuss the various steps that researchers in organizational science can take to ensure that their work is of high quality and makes a lasting impact.

Robert E. Ployhart, Bank of America Professor of Business Administration and Moore Research Fellow at the Darla Moore School of Business of the University of South Carolina, talks about his article "The Fascinating Psychological Microfoundations of Strategy and Competitive Advantage," which he wrote with Donald Hale, Jr., also of the Darla Moore School of Business, for the first volume of the Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior. In this lecture, he discusses how psychological research can provide new insights into understanding how firms perform and gain a competitive advantage. However, Dr. Ployhart argues that to achieve such understanding will require psychologists to adopt a broader perspective and integrate their scholarship with research in strategic management.

Jane Dutton, Robert L. Kahn, distinguished University Professor of Business Administration and Psychology at the Stephen M. Ross School of Business of the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, talks to Anna Rascouët-Paz about her article "Compassion at Work," written with Kristina Workman and Ashley Hardin, also of the University of Michigan, for the first volume of the Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior. She discusses the mechanisms and benefits of compassion within organizations.

Niko Geldner, Assistant Professor of Plant Cell Biology at the University of Lausanne, talks about his article "The Endodermis," which he wrote for the 2013 Annual Review of Plant Biology. The need for multicellular organisms to protect their inner extracellular space led the organisms to develop a diffusion barrier that can remain as selective as the hydrophobic plasma membrane of cells. In animal biology, this barrier is known as the polarized epithelium, which absorbs nutrients but keeps pathogens and excess away. In this lecture, Dr. Geldner discusses the endodermis, the plant variant of the polarized epithelium. Located on the plants' roots, it has been a feature of ferns and angiosperms for approximately 400 million years.

The Annual Review of Physiology presents an interview with Dr. Rita Levi-Montalcini. Dr. Moses Chao interviewed her in September of 2008. Of Dr. Levi-Montalcini, Dr. Chao says: There are very few proven theories that exist in biology. One that has stood the test of time is the neurotrophic theory. It explains why only half of the neurons produced early in development are needed to form a functional nervous system. The explanation came from the discovery of nerve growth factors (NGFs), which help nourish neurons, guide their axons to their proper connections, and prevent cell death. Rita Levi-Montalcini, who formulated this idea, celebrated her 100th birthday on April 22, 2009 in Rome. I had the opportunity to interview her at the European Brain Research Institute (EBRI) in September 2008, which forms the basis of this interview. 

Robert A. Dahl, the foremost living theorist of democracy, is the emeritus Sterling Professor of Political Science at Yale University, where he received his Ph.D. in 1940 and where he spent virtually his entire academic career. After five years working for the government—as a management analyst at the U.S. Department of Agriculture, then as an economist in the Office of Price Administration and the War Production Board, and finally as a member of the Army—he returned to Yale in 1946. With colleagues Charles Lindblom, Robert Lane, and others, he helped build the first modern department of political science, a department that asked major substantive questions while using the best social science techniques available at the time.

In this interview, conducted on March 30, 2008 by Margaret Levi for the Annual Review of Political Science, Dahl grounds his motivation for studying democracy not only in his academic encounters but also in his experiences growing up in Alaska, attending public schools there, and working with longshore workers as a boy. He does not want to replicate the utopian visions of classical philosophers. His commitment is to the development of an empirical model of democracy that guides scholars in their efforts to determine the extent of democratization throughout the world as well as in the United States. Normatively, he is committed to a democracy that recognizes the rights and voice of all who have a legitimate claim to citizenship.

Dr. John B. Fenn talks with colleague Dr. Samy El-Shall about his life and career in science.

Dr. P. Roy Vagelos, Merck's former Chairman and CEO, talks about his life and career with Dr. Andrew R. Marks, professor at the Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics at the Columbia University College of Physicians and surgeons. Dr. Vagelos went from waiting on Merck employees at his father's luncheonette in New Jersey to joining the pharmaceutical company, where he revolutionized the drug discovery process. With his team, he developed the first statin, a molecule that reduces cholesterol, and a drug that kills the river blindness parasite with a single tablet.

Michael Walzer, Professor Emeritus of Social Sciences at the Institute for Advanced Study (IAS), talks about his life and career with Nancy Rosenblum, Professor of Ethics in Politics and Government at Harvard University and Associate Editor of the Annual Review of Political Science. Growing up in a "family of lefties" during World War II, Professor Walzer began writing about politics as a child, and for the rest of his career, he toed the line between professorship and militancy. For over 30 years, he has co-edited Dissent, a magazine about politics and culture founded in 1954. He wrote 27 books and over 300 articles, about topics ranging from Just War Theory to religion, and civil society. This interview was recorded on March 12, 2012.

The Annual Review of Clinical Psychology presents Aaron T. Beck, President Emeritus of the Beck Institute for Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Professor Emeritus of Psychiatry at the University of Pennsylvania and his daughter Judith S. Beck, President of the Beck Institute and Clinical Associate Professor of Psychology in Psychiatry at the University of Pennsylvania. In this interview, they talk about his life and career, and how he went from having no interest in psychiatry to creating Cognitive Behavior Therapy. This method, initially developed for patients with depression and anxiety, challenges the subject to question his own negative beliefs, which act as prisms and cause distortions in the way events are perceived. Later, research showed that Cognitive Behavior Therapy was also effective in the treatment of schizophrenia. In the future, Aaron T. Beck says, psychotherapy must be firmly rooted in scientific evidence.

The Annual Review of Anthropology presents Irven DeVore, Professor Emeritus of Anthropology at Harvard University, in conversation with Peter Ellison, Co-Editor of this journal and Professor of Anthropology and Human Evolutionary Biology, also at Harvard University. Dr. DeVore talks about his life and career, describing how he went from social anthropology to studying and filming baboons and other primates in Africa, to observing the Bushmen of the Kalahari and the Pygmies. Dr. DeVore was one of the first to incorporate sociobiological theory into his work, a decision that would prove as fundamental as it was challenging. In his own words, he would have to "turn [his] back on everything [he'd] understood until that point in anthropology."

Dr. Philip Benfey, Professor of Biology, Director of the Duke Center for Systems Biology and contributing author of the 2012 Annual Review of Plant Biology, talks about his article Control of Arabidopsis Root Development. In this lecture, he discusses the cellular and genetic mechanisms that underlie root formation in Arabidopsis thaliana, from embryonic roots to lateral roots. He also describes how the roots react to environmental stress, such as high salinity. Finally, he explains how molecular genetics, genomics, and systems biology made it possible to control root development.

Dr. Nevin Scrimshaw, Institute Professor Emeritus of Nutrition and Food Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, talks about his life and career with his former student Cutberto Garza, director of the Division of Nutritional Sciences at Cornell University. Dr. Scrimshaw discusses how he discovered a compound, potassium iodate, that allowed Central American salt to be iodized, thereby preventing goiter, a swelling of the thyroid, in children. He also explains how he helped fight protein, vitamin A, and iron deficiencies in other parts of the developing world. Dr. Scrimshaw created the Institute of Nutrition in Central America and Panama and he founded the World Hunger Programme at the United Nations University, the International Nutrition Foundation, the Protein Advisory Group at the World Health Organization and UNICEF. He was also instrumental in identifying and explaining the link between nutrition and infection. Sadly, Dr. Scrimshaw passed away on February 8, 2013. We were honored to capture this conversation on video in August, 2012.

Paul Bloom, Professor of Psychology and Cognitive Science at Yale University and contributing author of the 2012 Annual Review of Psychology, talks about his article "Religion, Morality, Evolution." How did religion evolve? What effect does religion have on our moral beliefs and moral actions? These questions are related, as some scholars propose that religion has evolved to enhance altruistic behavior toward members of one's group. But, Bloom argues, while religion has powerfully good moral effects and powerfully bad moral effects, these are due to aspects of religion that are shared by other human practices. There is surprisingly little evidence for a moral effect of specifically religious beliefs.

Donald E. Ingber, Founding Director of the Wyss Institute, Judah Folkman Professor of Vascular Biology at Harvard Medical School, and Professor of Bioengineering at the Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, talks about his article "Mechanobiology and Developmental Control," which he wrote with Tadanori Mammoto and Akiko Mammoto for the 2013 Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology. He discusses the role of physical and mechanical forces in the control of cell development and disease, which he says is as important as chemicals and genes.

Kathryn L. Mills, of the Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience at the University College of London (UCL), talks about her article "Is Adolescence a Sensitive Period for Sociocultural Processing?" which she wrote with Sarah-Jayne Blakemore, also of UCL, for the 2014 Annual Review of Psychology.

In this lecture, Ms. Mills argues that "studies about adolescence should include measures of social influence" as social context drives many of the decisions made by adolescents. She describes how the structure and function of the social brain continue to develop during the second decade of life, and explains these changes must be taken into account.

Geoffrey L. Cohen, Professor in Stanford University’s Graduate School of Education, Department of Psychology, and (by courtesy) the Graduate School of Business, and David Sherman, Professor of Psychological and Brain Sciences at the University of California, Santa Barbara, talk about their article "The Psychology of Change: Self-Affirmation and Social Psychological Intervention," which they wrote together for the 2014 Annual Review of Psychology. In this lecture, the explain how self-affirmation affects social and education outcomes. Focusing on values affirmation, in which people write about values they hold dear, they show how short, inexpensive exercises can help counter the effects of stress and improve performance in members of certain socioeconomic categories.

Stephen Bezruchka, Senior Lecturer at the Departments of Health Services and Global Health of the University of Washington in Seattle, talks about his article "The Hurrider I Go the Behinder I Get: The Deteriorating International Ranking of U.S. Health Status," which he wrote for the 2009 Annual Review of Public Health. Using graphics to illustrate his points, Dr. Bezruchka describes how the United States has fallen to the 34th place in life expectancy, after Cuba, Chile, and Denmark. He also emphasizes the deteriorating health of women, as measured by their life expectancy, which has dropped in 30% of U.S. counties between 1987 and 2007. Finally, Dr. Bezruchka outlines his recommendations for improving health in the United States, including creating awareness about the nation's low ranking among developed countries and investing more in early life.

Dr. Sydney Brenner, Senior Distinguished Fellow of the Crick-Jacobs Center at the Salk Institute, talks about his life and career with Dr. Aravinda Chakravarti, Director of the Center for Complex Disease Research at the McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, part of the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, and co-Editor of the Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics. Dr. Brenner recounts his early life in South Africa, and how he became interested in molecular biology, came to work with Francis Crick at Cambridge University, proposed the existence of messenger RNA, and studied Caenorhabditis elegans as a model of neural development. The latter earned him the 2002 Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine.

Jolanda Jetten, Professor of Psychology at the University of Queensland, talks about her article "Deviance and Dissent in Groups," which she wrote with Matthew J. Hornsey, also of the University of Queensland, for the 2014 Annual Review of Psychology. Dr. Jetten explores the reasons why people engage in deviance and dissent in groups, a little-researched aspect of psychology, as historically, the discipline has been more focused on explaining the reasons for conformity in groups. Concentrating on a single section of her article, Dr. Jetten describes the five motives for deviance and dissent, from disengagement and disloyalty to the group, to moral rebellion, to tangible rewards.

Alan Baddeley, Professor of Psychology at the University of York, talks about his autobiographical article "Working Memory: Theories, Models, and Controversies," which he wrote for the 2012 Annual Review of Psychology. In this lecture, Dr. Baddeley describes the evolving approaches to understanding memory over the course of the 20th century, and how he came to develop the multicomponent approach to working memory as a theoretical framework. He then links it to long-term memory, perception, and action, and explains how they interact.

Eric Wieschaus, Squibb Professor in Molecular Biology at Princeton University, talks with Bonnie Bassler, his colleague at Princeton and the Editor of the Annual Review of Genetics, about his life and career. Dr. Wieschaus describes his beginnings as a young boy in Alabama, and recounts how his interest in science was sparked by a science camp in Kansas funded by the National Science Foundation when he was a teenager. After a bachelor's degree at Notre Dame, Dr. Wieschaus was admitted to graduate school at Yale University, where he studied under the direction of Swiss Developmental Biologist Walter Gehring. Dr. Gehring eventually returned to his home country, taking his student with him. In Basel, Dr. Wieschaus met Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard, or "Janni," as he calls her, and together they began the work that defined their careers. Their research resulted in the identification of 139 genes that determine the development of fruit fly embryos (Drosophila melanogaster), a finding that earned them the 1995 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine jointly with Edward B. Lewis.

In this video, Dr. Temple Grandin describes the best practices in preslaughter handling, various stunning techniques, and religious slaughter. She also explains how to enforce humane rules and methods so as to ensure the best possible treatment of animals.

The Annual Review of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering presents a conversation with Dr. Haldor Topsøe, chairman of Haldor Topsøe. In this interview, Dr. Topsøe talks about his career in industry, as well as his corporation's work with academic scientists.

P. James E. Peebles, Albert Einstein Professor of Science, Emeritus, at Princeton University, talks about his life and career with Sandra Faber, University Professor of Astronomy and Astrophysics at the University of California, Santa Cruz, and Editor of the Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics. Dr. Peebles describes his youth in Winnipeg, Canada. He began his studies at the University of Manitoba, where he entered the engineering program, eventually transferring to Physics. On his advisor Ken Standing's urging, Dr. Peebles moved to Princeton University, and joined the working group of Robert H. Dicke, in which he studied gravity physics. Dr. Peebles went on to develop the field of physical cosmology, and his work contributed to establishing the big bang model and furthering our understanding of dark matter, dark energy, and the theory of structure formation.

Marc Van Montagu, President of the European Federation of Biotechnology (EFB) and former Professor of Molecular Biology at the University of Ghent, talks about his life and career with Joanne Chory, Professor of Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies. Dr. Van Montagu recounts how he went from studying chemistry to discovering the gene transfer mechanism from Agrobacterium to plants, which opened the door to gene engineering and the creation of transgenic plants. Through the EFB and the Institute of Plant Biotechnology Outreach, of which he is the founder and chairman, Dr. Montagu is now dedicated to educating the general public and informing political leaders about the necessity of using science and plant engineering to prepare a sustainable future for the planet and its growing population.

Pierre Joliot-Curie, Professor of Biology at the Collège de France and former Director of the CNRS (National Center for Scientific Research), talks about his life and career with Jean-David Rochaix, Professor of Molecular Biology at the University of Geneva. Dr. Joliot-Curie, whose grandparents Pierre and Marie Curie and parents Frédéric Joliot and Irène Curie were all Nobel Prize laureates, discusses his love of research, which he equates to an "artistic" endeavor and an adventure. He recounts his beginnings, growing up as a "poor student" in a scientific family, and how his father encouraged him to study biology rather than physics. He also explains how he came to develop instruments to study his chosen subject, photosynthesis. As a mentor, Dr. Joliot-Curie encouraged younger generations of researchers to have fun with their work by giving them large degrees of freedom.

Dr. Thomas P. Tomich, Director and W.K. Kellogg Endowed Chair in Sustainable Food Systems of the Agricultural Sustainability Institute at the University of California, Davis, and Committee Member of the Annual Review of Environment and Resources, talks about his article "Agroecology: A Review from a Global-Change Perspective," which he co-wrote with another 15 authors from a variety of disciplines. In this lecture, Dr. Tomich discusses the agricultural challenges brought on by a world population that could surpass nine billion individuals by 2050, as well as water scarcity, climate change, pests, nitrogen prices, and geopolitical factors. An important question will be how to feed nine billion people and do it in a sustainable way. He stresses the importance of approaching agroecology from an scientific perspective, integrated across disciplines, from economic and social sciences to entomology and genomics.

Dr. Roger Guillemin, Distinguished Professor at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies and Laureate of the 1977 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, talks about his life and career with Dr. Greg Lemke, Françoise Gilot-Salk Professor at the Salk Institute, for the 2013 Annual Review of Physiology. Dr. Guillemin discusses his childhood and high school education in Dijon, France, and how he and his friends preferred to go underground at the end of their first year of medicine rather than be shipped to Munich to build weapons for the German army. After the war, Dr. Guillemin practiced medicine, then decided follow Hans Selye to his laboratory in Montreal. There he began the research in endocrinology that led him to make discoveries and lay the foundations of the study of brain hormones, eventually winning the Nobel Prize.

Dr. Andreas Acrivos, Albert Einstein Professor of Science and Engineering, Emeritus, at the Levich Institute located at the City College of New York, talks about his life and career with his former student Dr. Eric S.G. Shaqfeh, Professor of Mechanical Engineering at the Institute for Computational and Mathematical Engineering of Stanford University. Born in Greece to an affluent family, his life took a definitive turn during the German occupation of Greece in the second World War. He moved to the United States to study Chemical Engineering, with the plan of returning to his native country to build an industry. Instead, he became an integral part of American academics and was instrumental in developing the Chemical Engineering programs at UC Berkeley, Stanford University, and City College of New York. Always pushing his research beyond the formal training he received, he sought to attract the most talented and ambitious students, and served as an example to many young Greeks who chose to follow in his footsteps.

Karen Strier, Professor of Anthropology at the University of Wisconsin at Madison and Editorial Committee Member of the Annual Review of Anthropology, talks to Anna Rascouët-Paz about her work with the northern muriqui monkeys of Brazil.

Karen Strier, Professor of Anthropology at the University of Wisconsin at Madison and Editorial Committee Member of the Annual Review of Anthropology, talks to Anna Rascouët-Paz about her work with the northern muriqui monkeys of Brazil.

Dr. Robert Solow, Professor Emeritus of Economics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, talks about his life and career with Dr. Peter Berck, SJ Hall Professor of Agricultural and Resource Economics and Policy at the University of California at Berkeley. In this conversation, Dr. Solow discusses growing up in an immigrant family in 1930s Brooklyn, being introduced to literature and ideas at James Madison High School, attending Harvard University on scholarship, and receiving the 1987 Nobel Prize in Economics Laureate.

The Annual Review of Resource Economics presents Dr. Richard E. Just in conversation with economist Dr. Arnold Harberger. Dr. Harberger is Professor Emeritus at the University of Chicago and is currently a professor at the University of California, Los Angeles. Dr. Harberger has had an incredible impact on the field of public finance, especially in taxation and exchange policy, in both academic and policy circles. What sets his work apart is an emphasis on elucidating major issues of practical importance with understandable simplicity and transparency while at the same time tackling the general equilibrium dimensions of policy issues of importance at the national level. In this interview, Dr. Harberger talks about his career as well as about his views on theories in economics.

Dr. Katherine Belov, Professor of Comparative Genomics at the Faculty of Veterinary Science of the University of Sydney and contributing author of the 2012 Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics, talks about her article "A Comparative Genomics Approach to Understanding Transmissible Cancer in Tasmanian Devils," which she co-wrote with Dr. Janine E. Deakin, ARC Future Fellow at the Research School of Biology at the Australian National University. In this lecture, Prof. Belov discusses the origins of the Devil Facial Tumor Disease (DFTD), a transmissible cancer that has already caused the disappearance of 85 percent of the species and could lead to its extinction in the wild within 25 years. She explains what is known of the tumor based on its genomics, why it is transmitted between animals without causing immune recognition in the devils, and what are the conservation efforts to save the species from extinction.

In this episode, Dr. Donald B. McCormick, Callaway Prof. Emeritus of Biochemistry at the School of Medicine of Emory University in Atlanta, talks about his life and career with Dr. Al Merrill, Professor and Smithgall Chair in Molecular Cell Biology at the Georgia Institute of Technology, and Dr. Barbara Bowman, Associate Director for Science at the National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion in Atlanta and Associate Editor of the Annual Review of Nutrition. Dr. McCormick describes the path from his childhood in Oak Ridge, TN, to becoming an eminent authority on vitamins.

Dr. Eric Nestler talks with Dr. Paul Greengard about his scientific career for the Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Vol. 53.

Michael Tomasello, of the Department of Developmental and Comparative Psychology at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, discusses his article for the 2013 Annual Review of Psychology, titled "Origins of Human Cooperation and Morality." In this lecture, he shares footage of chimpanzees and of toddlers collaborating, showing that while cooperation exists among other primates, it is much more developed in our societies, even among very young humans. Children have a stronger sense of egalitarianism, and do a better job of suppressing their self-interest when they cooperate on a task. Not only that, they are capable of demonstrating norm-based group-mindedness, another form of collaboration.

Tanya Chartrand, Roy J. Bostock Marketing Professor, Professor of Psychology and Neuroscience at Duke University, and Contributor of the 2012 Annual Review of Psychology, talks about her article The Antecedents and Consequences of Human Behavioral Mimicry.

Dr. Govindjee, Professor Emeritus of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Plant Biology at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, talks about his life and career with Dr. Donald Ort, Professor of Plant Biology at the same university and Associate Editor of the Annual Review of Plant Biology. Dr. Ort describes Dr. Govindjee as an icon of photosynthesis, and Dr. Govindjee discusses some of his most exciting discoveries on photosynthesis since he started investigating the matter with Robert Emerson in the 1950s. Dr. Govindjee also tells Dr. Ort about his beginnings at the University of Allahabad in India, and explains why he doesn't have a family name.

Professor Robert M. Seyfarth discusses social behavior of baboons, including the link between close friendships and longevity.

Suzanne Fenton, Leader of the Reproductive Endocrinology Group at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and Contributor of the 2012 Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology, talks to Anna Rascouët-Paz about her article Perinatal Environmental Exposures Affect Mammary Development, Function, and Cancer Risk in Adulthood.

Michael Hout, contributor of the 2012 Annual Review of Sociology, talks to Anna Rascouët-Paz about his article Social and Economic Returns to College Education in the United States.

Richard Valelly, Professor of Political Science at Swarthmore College and Contributor of the 2012 Annual Review of Political Science, talks to Anna Rascouët-Paz about his article LGBT Politics and American Political Development.

Nevin Young, Professor of Plant Biology and Plant Pathology at the University of Minnesota, St Paul and Author of the 2012 Annual Review of Plant Biology, talks to Anna Rascouët-Paz about his article Genome-Enabled Insights into Legume Biology, which he co-wrote with Arvind Bharti, of the National Center for Genome Resources. 

Susan A. Gelman, Professor of Psychology at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor and Author of the 2009 Annual Review of Psychology and the 2011 Annual Review of Anthropology, talks to Anna Rascouët-Paz about her articles Learning from Others: Children's Construction of Concepts, and Concepts and Folk Theories. 

Pamela Ronald, Professor of Plant Pathology at UC Davis and Author of the 2012 Annual Review of Plant Biology, talks to Anna Rascouët-Paz about her article Plant Innate Immunity: Perception of Conserved Microbial Signatures.

Thomas Widiger, Professor of Psychology at the University of Kentucky and Associate Editor of the Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, talks to Anna Rascouët-Paz about his most recent article for the journal, Psychiatric Diagnosis: Lessons from the DSM-IV Past and Cautions for the DSM-5 Future.

Jeremy Thorner, Associate Editor of the Annual Review of Biochemistry, talks to journalist Anna Rascouët-Paz about the drift in science teaching in public schools across the United States. 

John Prausnitz talks about his career in chemical engineering and biotechnology. He also discusses the importance of interdisciplinary study and looking beyond a single field of study to benefit from the knowledge and viewpoint of others

Esther Duflo, Annual Review of Economics committee member, talks about her work in economics, particularly her work at the intersection of economics and social issues. This version of the interview was conducted in French.

Esther Duflo, Annual Review of Economics committee member, talks about her work in economics, particularly her work at the intersection of economics and social issues.

Kenneth Waltz's books and articles have definitively shaped the study of international relations over the past fifty years. He developed a version of “Realist” thinking on the subject that has structured research in the entire field, for critics and supporters alike. On March 11, 2011, at his home in New York, he was interviewed by James Fearon, a member of the Editorial Committee of the Annual Review of Political Science. The conversation ranged over some of his best-known arguments and the relationships between them, his thinking about contemporary international politics, and issues in the field that he thinks are understudied relative to their importance.

Roger D. Kornberg, Editor of the Annual Review of Biochemistry, talks with Jon Cohen about his research into the fundamental basis of gene regulation: Transcription. 

William E. Paul, Editor of the Annual Review of Immunology, discusses his work in immunology, including how the works of Michael Heidelberger sparked his initial interest in the field, as well as his tenure at the NIH.

Nancy Rosenblum, Associate Editor of the Annual Review of Political Science, talks with Sidney Verba at Harvard University. In this interview, Dr. Verba reflects on the lively contrasts and changes encompassed by his career, which included 24 years as Director of the Harvard University Library as well as his ground-breaking work on inequalities in citizen participation in democracies.

Robert C. Merton discusses financial models, the current economic crisis, as well as thoughts about future solutions for retirement.

John Hagan discusses how major events, particularly legal events, can influence the course of a person's life.

Peter Ellison is a biological anthropologist and co-Editor of the Annual Review of Anthropology. In this interview Dr. Ellison talks about his work in reproductive ecology. 

Dr. Donald Brenneis, co-Editor of the Annual Review of Anthropology, talks about his field work in Fiji, as well as his research on male gossip. He also discusses current methods for measuring the impact of scientific works.

Dr. Richard Zare, co-Editor of the Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry talks about his research in the field of Analytical Chemistry.

Margaret Levi, Editor of the Annual Review of Political Science, talks with Elinor Ostrom. In this prefatory interview, Dr. Ostrom talks about her personal journey in academia, not only as a woman, but also as a non-traditional student who worked outside of academia before pursuing graduate work. She discusses her belief in collaboration and multi-disciplinary research, as well as her research in common-pool resources and governance.

Dr. Gordon C. Rausser, Editor of the Annual Review of Resource Economics, discusses the importance of understanding the political process in ensuring that new research is effectively used to inform public policy.

Dr. Sandra Faber, Editor of the Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, talks with Mia Lobel about her scientific career, from being a child who loved to scan the heavens with a pair of her dad's binoculars, to work-life balance as a female scientist and working on the Hubble telescope.

Dr. Kenneth J. Arrow and Dr. Timothy Bresnahan, co-Editors of the Annual Review of Economics, discuss economic issues related to healthcare and the environment, as well the bright future of young scholars and important new directions in the field of economics.

Susan Fiske, Professor of Psychology at Harvard University and Editor of the Annual Review of Psychology, talks to Jordana Foster about her work in social neuroscience. Dr. Fiske specializes in cognitive stereotyping and emotional prejudice.