Universe Today Podcast

Why don't moon landers just heat themselves to live through the lunar night? Will Betelgeuse's explosion cause a lot of gravitational waves? Is it even theoretically possible to accelerate close to the speed of light? And in our free bonus question on Patreon, what is my dream space mission? Answering all these questions and more in this Q&A show.

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• 00:00 Start
• 00:29 [TuckFeem0] Which galaxies does JWST see in its most distant surveys?
• 03:50 [Silas Miller] Why do moon rovers and landers die from cold instead of just heating themselves?
• 09:04 [Larry Ward] What's happening with the expansion of the Universe?
• 12:06 [Lost in space] When Betelgeuse goes boom, will there be detectable gravitational waves?
• 13:30 [Bohr1um] Did my audience growth stagnate?
• 18:12 [Oh Ish Waddup] Can you realistically accelerate close to the speed of light?

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Could there be rouge planets floating in space between us and Alpha Centauri system? Will the Chinese be beaming power from a space station to Earth? Will solar sails be used for propulsion in our lifetime? And in our free bonus question on Patreon, how Lagrange points work for different planets and moons? Answering all these questions and more in this Q&A.

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• 00:00 Start
• 00:33 [Visto Tutti] Could there be rogue planets between us and Alpha-Cen?
• 03:59 [Wilkse1] Are there rogue black holes?
• 06:31 [KoiJoiJoe] Is the Chinese project to harvest solar energy in space and beam it to Earth real?
• 09:41 [KayKay14m] Will beaming power from space harm the atmosphere?
• 11:26 [Somadove] Will solar sails be used for propulsion in our lifetime?
• 13:21 [Abdul Samad Kholia] How can one work on realistic interstellar travel?

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Liquid mirror telescopes exist. But there's a big problem with them. They can only look directly up. Can we fix it? Can they work beyond the Earth's surface, in orbit or on the Moon? Finding out in this interview.

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🟣 Guest: Dr. Alvaro Romero-Calvo
https://lowgravitylab.ae.gatech.edu/

00:00 Intro
01:16 How liquid mirror telescopes work
06:39 Changing the orientation
17:18 Adaptive optics with liquid mirrors
19:32 Going beyond Earth surface
25:18 Current obsessions
29:02 Final thoughts

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Long-chain hydrocarbons found on Mars, has dark energy been decreasing over time? a completely flat telescope lens, the center of the Milky Way contains a star grinder. And in our free version on Patreon, a new theory for the formation of Mercury.

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• 00:00 Intro
• 00:20 Long-chain Hydrocarbons on Mars
  • https://www.universetoday.com/articles/long-chain-hydrocarbons-found-on-mars
• 02:10 Weird Mars rock found by Percy
  • https://science.nasa.gov/blog/shocking-spherules/
• 03:44 Possible solution for Hubble Tension
  • https://www.universetoday.com/articles/fresh-findings-strengthen-the-case-for-dark-energys-evolution
• 08:24 Flat lens telescope
  • https://www.universetoday.com/articles/researchers-test-a-completely-flat-telescope-lens
• 10:23 Updates on the earliest galaxies
  • https://www.universetoday.com/articles/the-most-distant-known-galaxy-already-had-oxygen
• 12:34 Galaxy blowing on cosmic fog
  • https://www.universetoday.com/articles/webb-sees-an-early-galaxy-blowing-away-the-cosmic-fog
• 14:41 Vote results
  • https://www.youtube.com/@frasercain/community
• 15:14 Space tornadoes
  • https://www.universetoday.com/articles/there-are-space-tornadoes-surrounding-the-core-of-the-milky-way
• 16:59 The star grinder
  • https://www.universetoday.com/articles/the-star-grinder-a-cloud-of-black-holes-at-the-center-of-the-milky-way
• 18:01 Cool space images
  • https://www.universetoday.com/articles/webb-sees-a-young-star-create-a-cosmic-tornado
• 19:13 More space news
• 20:32 Bonus story. Origin of Mercury
• 21:02 Our biggest piece of content ever
  • https://www.patreon.com/posts/patron-questions-125246249

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Will astronauts be eventually replaced by robots in space? Is there a plan for a replacement for the Kepler telescope? Do Intuitive Machines failures mean that Starship HLS is kind of in danger? And in our free bonus question on Patreon, will Artemis become 100% SpaceX? All this and more in this Q&A show.

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• 00:00 Start
• 00:30 Will astronauts be replaced by robots?
• 05:12 Is the vertical Starship HLS in danger?
• 07:44 What does NASA budget cuts mean for Chandra?
• 11:53 Are there any plans to repalce Kepler?

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Titan is the only known world except Earth that has liquid on its surface and a dense atmosphere. We are planning to send a nuclear helicopter called Dragonfly to explore it. What can we expect from Titan? Finding out in this interview.

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🟣 Guest: Dr. Sam Birch
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📜 Titan’s Fluvial & Lacustrine Landscapes
https://arxiv.org/pdf/2502.02556

00:00 Intro
00:58 Why Titan?
08:28 Climate on Titan
13:32 Dragonfly mission
23:31 Sub-surface ocean
31:05 Current obsessions

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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Should we be colouring our star green to make it stand out for potential aliens? What would it take for a space station to be fully self-sufficient? What happened to LUVOIR which was supposed to be a bigger version of JWST? And in our free bonus question on Patreon, can you win a Nobel Prize by watching YouTube videos. All this and more in this Q&A.

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• 00:00 Start
• 00:32 Can a space station be 100% self-sustaining?
• 03:54 Should we paint the Sun green?
• 06:29 How can we still see the CMB?
• 08:02 Starlink and the destruction of ozone layer
• 12:31 What's going on with the LUVOIR telescope?

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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Blue Ghost wraps up two busy weeks on the Moon with a sunset, good news, the death star isn’t pointing at us, and a new option for the Mars Sample Return mission. And our longer edition on Patreon, how supernovae could have caused two of Earth’s mass extinction events.

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• 00:00 Intro
• 00:19 Blue Ghost's eclipse and sunset
  • https://www.universetoday.com/articles/this-is-a-lunar-eclipse-seen-from-the-moon
  • https://www.universetoday.com/articles/blue-ghost-watches-the-lunar-sunset-signalling-the-end-of-its-mission
• 02:45 Some science for Athena IM-2
  • https://www.universetoday.com/articles/one-instrument-on-the-failed-lunar-lander-did-a-little-science
• 04:25 Good News about the "Death Star"
  • https://keckobservatory.org/pinwheel/
• 06:30 Rocket Lab's Mars Sample Return architecture
  • https://spacenews.com/bringing-mars-to-earth-solving-mars-sample-return/
• 08:36 China's MSR
  • https://www.cnsa.gov.cn/english/n6465645/n6465648/c10652198/part/10652214.pdf
• 09:36 Euclid's deep field
  • https://www.universetoday.com/articles/the-esas-euclid-space-telescope-gives-glimpses-of-its-deep-field
• 11:19 Vote results
  • https://www.youtube.com/@frasercain/community
• 11:57 My favourite exoplanet system
  • https://www.universetoday.com/articles/webb-directly-observers-giant-planets-sensing-carbon-dioxide-in-their-atmospheres
• 14:06 A glipse of SKA's ability
  • https://www.universetoday.com/articles/the-square-kilometre-array-releases-its-first-test-image
• 16:01 Deimos by Hera
  • https://www.universetoday.com/articles/hera-swings-past-mars-sees-deimos-from-a-new-angle
• 16:59 Guide to space
• 17:31 Secret bonus story
• 17:58 New articles

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What would a black hole do if it was inside Uranus? What do I think about AI-generated content impersonating Universe Today? What telescope should you buy in 2025? And in our free extended version, the deepest rabbit hole I went into. All this and more in this Q&A show.

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00:00 Start
00:27 Black hole in Uranus
02:12 What would I tell scientists 100 year ago?
03:44 Telescope recommendations
06:39 Channels impersonating me. What should I do?
08:39 How does throwing a ball in an artificial gravity ring station look like?
11:57 Will Betelgeuse explode soon?
14:30 Where to leave your questions

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What is my biggest disappointment in the history of space exploration? Will the YR4 asteroid have a chance to hit the Moon? Does the solar gravitational lens need a coronagraph? And in our free extended version, how time dilation changes intergalactic travel? All this and more in this Q&A show.

🎁 Same video. No YT ads. +a BONUS question:
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• 00:00 Start
• 00:29 Will the Solar Gravitational Lens telescope need a coronagraph?
• 03:47 Will the asteroid YR4 have a chance to hit the Moon?
• 05:28 What is the most advanced on the scale that we could possibly miss?
• 09:47 What’s my current biggest disappointment in space exploration?
• 13:08 What does privatisation of space mean for us?

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As we put more and more satellites in orbit, chances of them colliding also increase. How can we manage that? How can we make sure that Kessler syndrome won't happen and keep all those satellites from destroying each other? Finding out in this interview.

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🟣 Guest: Dr. Sydney Dolan
https://sydneyidolan.com/

00:00 Intro
01:38 How satellites avoid collisions
08:11 Close calls
11:20 Detecting and modelling collisions
20:28 Understanding orbits
25:28 Autonomy
32:18 Current obsessions
36:43 Bonus part
37:41 More interviews

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Could we find a way to Earth from another part of a galaxy? Would people born on Mars grow taller to adopt to lower gravity? Can you jump off the surface of Pluto? And in our free bonus question on Patreon, what would happen if dark energy is disproved? All this and more in this Q&A.

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00:00 Start
00:29 Could we find a way back home from another part of the galaxy?
03:06 How high could you jump on Pluto?
04:23 Would people born on Mars be taller?
06:36 Is a space race a good idea?
11:10 Should asteroid mining be regulated?

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Astronomers find 128 new moons for Saturn, four mini-Earths orbiting around Barnard’s Star, a new video from Blue Ghost 1, massive science budget cuts for NASA, and in our Patreon version, a bonus story about the return of the X-37b spaceplane.

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• 00:00 Intro
• 00:20 128 new moons of Saturn
  • https://www.universetoday.com/articles/whoa-astronomers-found-128-new-moons-orbiting-saturn
• 01:46 Four mini-Earth around Barnard's star
  • https://www.universetoday.com/articles/four-mini-earths-found-at-barnards-star
• 03:48 Firefly Blue Ghost drills into the Moon
  • https://www.universetoday.com/articles/watch-blue-ghost-test-its-vacuum-and-drill-experiments-on-the-moon
• 06:17 IM-2 Athena is over
  • https://www.universetoday.com/articles/the-athena-lunar-lander-also-fell-over-on-its-side
• 07:41 Vote results
  • https://www.youtube.com/@frasercain/community
• 08:16 NASA Science budget cuts
  • https://arstechnica.com/space/2025/03/white-house-may-seek-to-slash-nasas-science-budget-by-50-percent/
• 10:21 Visiting the YR4 asteroid
  • https://www.universetoday.com/articles/remember-that-asteroid-that-isnt-going-to-hit-earth-we-could-send-a-mission-to-explore-it
• 11:47 Cool images
  • https://www.universetoday.com/articles/webb-looks-right-into-the-flame-nebula
  • https://www.universetoday.com/articles/two-protostars-work-together-to-create-an-hourglass-shape
• 13:56 Guide to space newsletter
  • https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter
• 14:32 FREE bonus story: X37-b spaceplane
• 14:44 Big announcement
  
  • https://youtu.be/H0uKlAHcUGk?si=TbwEeW-Vxoe9aasu

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🚀 New Universe Today website with NO ADS:
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Is it possible that some of the galaxies out there are made of antimatter? How transparent is science research across the world? Which of the Lagrange points is my favourite? And in our free bonus question on Patreon, how big can of a moon can the Earth sustain? All this and more in this Q&A show.

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• 00:00 Start
• 00:29 Can antimatter galaxies exist out there?
• 02:03 Can we use double gravitational lenses?
• 03:40 My favourite Earth's Lagrange point?
• 05:48 How transparent is space research across the world?
• 11:13 What if we find out where life started?
• 13:17 Are there frozen nitrogen asteroids?

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Firefly’s Blue Ghost 1 lands safely on the Moon, Athena… doesn’t, and another lunar mission goes missing. NASA shuts down more instruments on the Voyagers, and Europa Clipper makes a flyby of Mars. Starship explodes again. And in the free Patreon edition, how Vera Rubin could find another flyby target for New Horizons.

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• 00:00 Intro
• 00:19 Firefly Aerospace Blue Ghost lands on the Moon
  • https://www.nasa.gov/news-release/touchdown-carrying-nasa-science-fireflys-blue-ghost-lands-on-moon/
• 02:12 Athena IM-2 falls on its side (again)
  • https://www.intuitivemachines.com/im-2
• 04:08 Two missions failed
  • https://www.astroforge.com/updates/odint-mission-debrief
• 05:33 Next step for private Venus mission
  • https://www.nasa.gov/image-article/nasa-installs-heat-shield-on-first-private-spacecraft-bound-for-venus/
• 06:59 Voyagers keep shutting down instruments
  • https://www.universetoday.com/articles/and-then-there-were-three-nasa-shuts-down-more-voyager-2-science-instruments
• 08:27 Europa Clipper flies past Jupiter
  • https://www.nasa.gov/missions/europa-clipper/nasas-europa-clipper-uses-mars-to-go-the-distance/
• 09:31 Vote results
  • https://www.youtube.com/@frasercain/community
• 10:03 Patrially cloudy on an ultra-hot Neptune
  • https://www.universetoday.com/articles/todays-forecast-partially-cloudy-skies-on-an-ultra-hot-neptune
• 11:40 Dark matter doesn't decay
  • https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1074969
• 13:14 Smashed planet
  • https://chandra.si.edu/press/25_releases/press_030425.html
• 14:21 Capsule re-entry
  • https://www.varda.com/missions/w-2
• 15:38 Starship IFT-8
  • https://www.universetoday.com/articles/spacex-starship-test-falls-short-for-second-time-in-a-row
• 17:16 Guide to Space
• 17:15 Better user experience and a bonus story

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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Did James Webb break the age of the Universe? Can we watch asteroids that are about to hit the Moon? How much of actuation astronomy is done on the ISS? Plus, in our extended version on Patreon, what shape do black holes take? Answering all these questions and more in this Q&A.

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00:00 Start
00:27 Did JWST break the age of the Universe?
04:22 How much astronomy is done on the ISS?
07:53 How to prepare to the Halley's comet arrival?
09:58 How can we know the mass of a black hole?
10:47 Is infinite speed better than the speed of light?
11:44 Do we track asteroids that might hit the Moon?

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Is there a risk of contaminating Earth with space-resistant bacteria when de-orbiting the ISS? What would be the next big outpost when humanity reaches Mars? What's the real shape of Lagrange points? Plus, in our bonus part on Patreon, could there be life in lava tubes. Answering all these questions and more in this Q&A show.

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00:00 Start
00:30 What's the ultimate destiny of stars?
03:16 Could we colonize Mars if it had air?
07:39 Could we colonize Venus if it had air?
10:20 Why bring up the density of black holes?
12:57 Fraserverse movies
17:46 Do neutrinos go faster than light?

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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Astronomers saw a rare type of supernova in the galaxy NGC 2891. Finding out what was so special about it and why is it a perfect example of why we need the Vera Rubin Telescope as soon as possible.

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🟣 Guest: Dr. Charlotte Angus
https://charlotte-angus.com/

Young Supernova Experiment
https://yse.ucsc.edu/

00:00 Intro
01:29 Supernova event
15:36 What was left behind
17:25 Precursors
22:18 Betelgeuse
26:47 Current obsessions
30:16 Bonus part and more interviews

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The asteroid threat is down to zero, whatever happened to that star that was supposed to go nova, more landers are launched to the Moon. Plus in our extended version on Patreon, how Venus’s atmosphere could protect life in its clouds.

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00:00 Intro
00:18 Told you so
https://www.universetoday.com/171085/as-expected-the-threat-from-2024-yr4-has-essentially-dropped-to-zero/
02:11 Waiting for a nova
https://www.universetoday.com/170944/is-t-coronae-borealis-about-to-light-up/
04:11 Galactic journey
https://www.universetoday.com/171115/the-solar-system-is-taking-a-fascinating-journey-through-the-milky-way/
06:23 Atherna launches, upcoming Moon landings
https://www.intuitivemachines.com/im-2
08:41 Why is Mars red
https://www.universetoday.com/171086/a-new-explanation-for-why-mars-is-red/
10:19 Vote results
https://www.youtube.com/@frasercain/community
10:53 China tests space refuelling
https://www.universetoday.com/171057/a-chinese-satellite-tests-orbital-refuelling/
13:13 Glacier loss
https://www.universetoday.com/171045/glaciers-worldwide-are-melting-faster-causing-sea-levels-to-rise-more/
14:53 Upcoming Starship IFT-8
15:47 Bonus news story
16:29 Guide to Space
17:02 Upcoming SciFi

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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Would we have colonized Mars by now if it had air? What is the ultimate fate of stars? What's the point of talking about the density of black holes? And which movies would go into the Fraserverse? Answering all these questions and more in this Q&A show.

👉 Same video. No ads. +BONUS question. For FREE.
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🚀 Even more questions with Overtime:
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• 00:00 Start
• 00:30 What's the ultimate destiny of stars?
• 03:16 Could we colonize Mars if it had air?
• 07:39 Could we colonize Venus if it had air?
• 10:20 Why bring up the density of black holes?
• 12:57 Fraserverse movies
• 17:46 Do neutrinos go faster than light?

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Will SpaceX eventually consume NASA? Are there asteroids at Lagrange points in front and behind the Earth? Can we track the Space Force's secret X37 shuttle? Answering all these questions and more in this Q&A show.

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00:00 Start
00:31 Are there asteroids in Earth's Lagrange points?
04:09 Will Musk fold NASA into SpaceX?
12:15 How will current US events change Canadian Space Agency?
15:06 Do we track the Space Force secret "Shuttle"?

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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A massive new release of Type 1a supernova data, did astronomers see a strange star form? huge spiral arms of comets in the Oort Cloud, and the highest energy neutrino ever detected. Plus in our extended version on Patreon, how scientists could get real data on UAPs.

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• 00:00 Intro
• 00:20 Massive release of Type 1a supernovae data
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170923/huge-release-of-type-1a-supernovae-data/
• 03:33 First strange star?
  • https://www.universetoday.com/171006/did-astronomers-just-witness-the-formation-of-a-strange-star/
• 06:04 When did the Moon solidify?
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170956/the-moon-solidified-4-43-billion-years-ago/
• 07:36 Spiral structures in the Oort cloud
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170976/a-spiral-structure-in-the-inner-oort-cloud/
• 09:08 Vote results
  • https://www.youtube.com/@frasercain/community
• 10:10 Highest energy neutrino ever detected
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170914/an-unfinished-detector-has-already-spotted-the-highest-energy-neutrino-ever-seen/
• 12:20 JWST spies fireworks at Sgr a
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170986/webb-telescope-fireworks-milky-way-galaxy-black-hole/
• 13:36 Intermediate size black holes
  • https://www.universetoday.com/171003/desi-found-300-candidate-intermediate-mass-black-holes/
• 15:26 Cool space images
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170928/stunning-80-megapixel-image-of-a-stellar-nursery/
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170915/a-flaming-flower-in-the-large-magellanic-cloud/
• 16:36 Guide to Space
• 17:10 Bonus part
• 17:42 Current state of NASA

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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What will we really lose in case SLS actually gets cancelled? Would nuclear rockets bring a significant enough improvement to space travel? Do we even know how to die in space? Answering all these questions and more in this Q&A show.

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• 00:00 Start
• 00:24 What are we losing if the SLS is cancelled?
• 05:59 Will a space dry dock work?
• 09:39 Do we even know how to die in space?
• 11:15 What blows my mind?
• 12:51 Would nuclear rockets go faster than our current engines?

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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Does dark matter annihilate with normal matter? Should we be searching for signs of life in other galaxies? Do we know how to terraform exoplanets? Answering all these questions and more in this Q&A.

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• 00:00 Start
• 00:22 How can we terraform exoplanets?
• 08:28 Can we detect life in another galaxy?
• 12:46 Does dark matter and normal matter annihilate?
• 15:46 Does the YT algorithm help my channel?
• 21:34 SECRET bonus question

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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Moving across the surface of Enceladus can be more tricky than you think. Rough icy terrain can be hard for wheels. No atmosphere makes helicopters impossible. Thus, hopping and jumping might be the answer!

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🚀 NIAC 2025 playlist
🚀 NIAC 2024 playlist
🚀 NIAC 2023 playlist

🟣 Guest: Dr. Justin Yim
https://publish.illinois.edu/novelmobilerobotslab/

NIAC Award. LEAP – Legged Exploration Across the Plume
https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/stmd/niac/leap-legged-exploration-across-the-plume/

• 00:00 Intro
• 01:29 Enceladus
• 02:34 NIAC proposal
• 04:35 SALTO hopper
• 10:27 Scientific challenges
• 13:15 Alternative destinations
• 16:18 Scaling things up
• 20:26 Deliverables for NIAC
• 22:03 Current obsessions
• 30:24 More interviews

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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James Webb finds the smallest asteroids in the main belt, astronomers double the chances of that asteroid strike in 2032, using hydrogel to protect astronauts from radiation, and material from Alpha centauri is already streaming into the Solar System.

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• 00:00 Intro
• 00:20 JWST sees the smallest asteroid
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170834/jwst-finds-the-smallest-asteroids-ever-seen-in-the-main-belt/
• 02:45 Double the chances of hitting Earth
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170837/yes-the-odds-of-an-asteroid-striking-earth-have-doubled-no-you-dont-need-to-worry/
• 05:52 Webb sees newly forming planets
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170882/the-jwst-gives-us-our-best-image-of-planets-forming-around-a-star/
• 07:13 Protecting from radiation with hydrogel
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170817/hydrogels-could-be-ideal-radiation-protection-for-astronauts/
• 09:03 Vote results
• 09:38 Meterial from Alpha Centauri
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170799/material-from-alpha-centauri-is-already-here/
• 11:37 Dark Matter dominating early Universe
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170833/a-new-study-reveals-how-dark-matter-dominated-the-early-universe-1/
• 13:17 Mars clouds from Curiosity
  • https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/images/pia26519-curiosity-views-twilight-clouds/
• 14:02 Einstein ring from Euclid
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170864/the-euclid-space-telescope-captures-a-rare-stunning-einstein-ring/
• 14:59 RCW 38
  • https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso2503/
• 15:41 More space news
• 16:17 Bonus story on Patreon

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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Which NIAC project would be the best to bring to life? Are there really more stars than grains of sand on Earth? Is the solar eclipse going away from us? What's on my shelf behind me? Answering all these questions and more in this Q&A.

🦄 Support us on Patreon:
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• 00:00 Start
• 00:26 Is the total solar eclipse going away?
• 02:24 Will Starship and New Glenn bring more space observatories?
• 04:36 Which NIAC award is the most exciting?
• 06:48 Are there places in the Universe with dozens of galaxies in the sky?
• 08:21 Are there more grains of sand than stars in the Universe?
• 09:54 Item from the shelf
• 12:33 A starhade project

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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NASA just funded a NIAC project to study the possibility of building large structures on the Moon, on Mars and in space out of glass. Blowing glass bubbles similarly to how it's done on Earth.

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🟣 Guest: Dr. Martin Bermudez
https://www.skyeports.com/

NIAC Award. Lunar Glass Structure (LUNGS): Enabling Construction of Monolithic Habitats in Low-Gravity:
https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/stmd/niac/lunar-glass-structure-lungs-enabling-construction-of-monolithic-habitats-in-low-gravity/

• 00:00 Intro
• 01:25 How difficult is blowing glass
• 14:11 Moon habitat made of glass
• 29:07 Glass structures in space
• 33:17 What is NIAC like
• 40:57 Current obsessions
• 43:38 More interviews

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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Will space debris prevent us from accessing orbit and when could it happen? Is the Universe with all its rules just a lucky accident? What does "The Publisher of Universe Today" even do? Answering all these questions and more in this Q&A show.

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• 00:00 Start
• 00:27 Will the Kessler syndrome stop us from launching rockets?
• 04:11 The fine-tuning problem
• 09:38 What does the Publisher of Universe Today actually do?
• 14:43 How do I stay rested with all this?

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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Venus has a thick layer of clouds that obscures our view of the surface. To tackle that, this NIAC project suggests launching a balloon with a tether that will go below the cloud layer and help us image Venus surface.

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🟣 Guest: Dr Benjamin Hockman
https://www-robotics.jpl.nasa.gov/who-we-are/people/benjamin_hockman/

NIAC Award. TOBIAS: Tethered Observatory for Balloon-based Imaging and Atmospheric Sampling
https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/stmd/niac/tobias-tethered-observatory-for-balloon-based-imaging-and-atmospheric-sampling/

• 00:00 Intro
• 01:37 Upper atmosphere of Venus
• 20:23 Possible Sample Collection
• 21:52 Upcoming Venus missions
• 25:18 NIAC project goals
• 26:58 Current obsessions

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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A new asteroid with a 1% chance of hitting Earth in 2032, the European Space Agency is building a Lunar Lander platform, the largest structure in the Universe has been discovered, and how far away could we detect ourselves?

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• 00:00 Intro
• 00:19 Asteroid can hit Earth in 2032
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170717/an-asteroid-has-a-1-chance-of-impacting-earth-in-2032/
• 02:27 ESA's lunar lander
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170745/esa-is-building-its-own-lunar-lander/
• 03:39 Moon's geological activity
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170694/evidence-of-recent-geological-activity-on-the-moon/
• 05:17 Moon canyons
  • https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-024-55675-z
• 07:01 How far can we detect ourselves
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170747/how-far-away-could-we-detect-ourselves/
• 09:45 Vote results
  • https://www.youtube.com/@frasercain/community
• 10:25 Largest structure in the Universe
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170765/astronomers-find-the-largest-structure-in-the-universe-and-name-it-quipu/
• 12:44 Signs of a SMBH in the Large Magellanic Cloud
  • https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.00102
• 14:00 Three great images
• 16:15 Even more space news
• 17:42 Interviews

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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Who will get sample from Mars first? Who controls the James Webb Space Telescope? Does space radiation rule out panspermia? Answering all these questions and more in this Q&A show.

👉 Watch the extended Overtime Q&A:
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• 00:00 Start
• 00:25 Mars sample return race. USA or China?
• 06:04 What happens to the information going into a black hole?
• 09:49 Who controls JWST?
• 12:20 Do we need science when we have AI now?
• 17:00 Does space radiation rule out panspermia?

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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We all want to see potentially habitable exoplanets around Sun-like stars. But to do that you need a starshade. Something to cover the star and reveal the faint planets around it. What can we build these structures from to make them rigid and strong enough? Finding out in this interview.

🟣 Guest: Christine Gregg
Dynamically Stable Large Space Structures via Architected Metamaterials
https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/stmd/niac/dynamically-stable-large-space-structures-via-architected-metamaterials/

🦄 Support us on Patreon:
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00:00 Intro
02:05 Meta-materials
06:12 NIAC award
14:11 In-space assembly
27:04 More interviews

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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Why are most craters circular, no matter which angle the meteor falls? Is there a size limit for a telescope before diminishing returns take place? Can black holes have atmospheres? Answering all these questions and more in this Q&A show.

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• 00:00 Start
• 00:24 How big can a telescope get?
• 05:12 Does an optical telescope on the Moon make any sense?
• 08:13 Can black holes have atmospheres?
• 11:05 Why are craters circular not elliptical?
• 12:41 Will Starship refuel in orbit in 2025?
• 12:52 Is there evidence for primordial black holes?

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Space Docks are everywhere in science fiction. It's the most logical way to build big constructions in space. So, NASA funded a futuristic project that studies the possibility of assembling structures in space.

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🚀 NIAC 2024 playlist
🚀 NIAC 2023 playlist

🟣 Guest: Dr Vojtech Holub
https://thinkorbital.com/

🚀 NIAC award, Construction Assembly Destination:
https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/stmd/niac/construction-assembly-destination/

• 00:00 Intro
• 01:26 Welding in space experiment
• 08:03 The NIAC award
• 27:39 Current obsessions
• 30:01 Final thoughts and more interviews

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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The MOXIE experiment on the Perseverance rover showed that creating oxygen on other planets is possible. Now, we can apply the same logic to Venus. This could allow the creation of constantly floating balloons, leading to cloud cities in the future.

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• 00:00 Intro
• 02:03 MOXIE experiment on Perseverance
• 08:17 Exploring Venus with Electrolysis
• 22:18 Protecting the balloon
• 25:10 Efficiency
• 34:23 More interviews

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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Venus is closer than Mars. It's more Earth-like. We can bring back samples from it. But it's chronically underexlored. This is why we need a Venus Exploration Program!

👉 Watch the bonus part about Mars Sample Return:
https://www.patreon.com/universetoday

🟣 Guest: Dr Paul Byrne
https://arxiv.org/pdf/2412.06830

00:00 Intro
01:35 Current state of Venus exploration
08:08 Venus Exploration Program
16:41 Technological advancements
23:32 Venus Sample Return
27:05 Why Venus at all
38:36 Big scientific question
57:07 Current obsessions

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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The building blocks of life have been found in asteroid samples, the most volcanic activity ever seen on Io, astronauts are searching for bacteria on the outside of the space station, and Ingenuity found surprisingly fast wind speeds on Mars.

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👉 TRAPPIST-1 Interview
https://youtu.be/B8H4EnbKkgU?si=yx3T0c04AC2fRg8c

• 00:00 Intro
• 00:19 Building blocks for life in OSIRIS-REx samples
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170693/the-building-blocks-for-life-found-in-asteroid-bennu-samples/
• 03:08 First launch for an asteroid mining company
  • https://arstechnica.com/space/2025/01/astroforge-selects-target-for-high-risk-seat-of-the-pants-asteroid-mission/
• 05:47 Record-breaking volcanic activity on Io
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170655/juno-sees-a-massive-hotspot-of-volcanic-activity-on-io/
• 07:08 2 planets 1 star
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170673/massive-gas-giant-planets-locked-in-a-gravitational-struggle/
• 08:39 Microbes outside the ISS
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170658/astronauts-are-going-to-check-if-there-are-microbes-on-the-outside-of-the-station/
• 10:31 Vote results
  • https://www.youtube.com/@frasercain/community
• 11:04 Ingenuity and wind speeds
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170619/ingenuity-measured-windspeeds-on-mars-during-its-flights/
• 12:43 M87 changing over time
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170642/watching-the-changing-m87-black-hole-event-horizon/
• 14:45 Predicting solar flares with AI
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170687/machine-learning-could-have-predicted-the-powerful-solar-storms-in-2024/
• 17:02 More space news
• 17:42 Flood of interviews

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How big can a space crowbar be? Why does the Sun look bigger near the horizon? How do we measure temperature on the Moon? Answering all these questions and more in this Q&A show.

👉 Watch the extended Overtime Q&A:
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• 00:00 Start
• 00:23 How do we measure temperature on the Moon or in space?
• 03:51 Can you see more of the Milky Way in the Southern Hemisphere?
• 06:07 What is metallic hydrogen?
• 10:16 Is the Sun bigger near the horizon?
• 12:45 What's Gaia's role in the distance ladder?
• 15:45 How big can a crowbar be in space?

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NASA is launching a new telescope this year called Pandora. It'll be specifically inspecting atmospheres of exoplanets. It even uses spare parts from JWST. Learning more about the Pandora telescope in this interview.

🟣 Guest: Dr Ben Hord
https://pandorasat.com/

🦄 Support us on Patreon:
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• 00:00 Intro
• 01:31 What is the Pandora mission
• 07:37 Target selection
• 13:38 Spare detector from JWST
• 16:59 Fighting stellar contamination
• 26:32 An alternative for TRAPPIST-1
• 28:57 What's next for Pandora
• 35:05 Current obsessions
• 38:18 Final thoughts

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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Did we find ore veins on Moon or Mars? Can we see astronomical objects in 3D? Can we catch a ride on a comet? How will the internet work on Mars? Answering all these questions and more in this Q&A.

👉 Watch the extended Overtime Q&A:
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00:00 Start
00:23 Did we find ore veins on Moon or Mars?
05:13 Is it harder to land on the Moon or on Mars?
10:40 What are the potential supernovae we could see in our lifetime?
12:41 Can we hitch a ride on a comet?
14:16 What will the Mars colony internet be like?
17:45 How to communicate with Mars when it's blocked by the Sun?

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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What's going on with the TRAPPIST-1 system? Did James Webb find atmospheres or not? Do any of the planets have a chance to be habitable? When should we expect more information? Answering all these questions in this interview.

👉 Get the extra part for free here:

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🟣 Guest: Megan Gialluca
https://depts.washington.edu/astrobio/wordpress/profile/megan-gialluca/

• 00:00:00 Intro
• 00:01:43 TRAPPIST-1b
• 00:17:45 TRAPPIST-1c
• 00:35:12 TRAPPIST-1d
• 00:40:06 TRAPPIST-1e, f, g, h
• 00:42:19 The problem of stellar contamination
• 01:03:50 Current obsessions

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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What happened to Starship during test flight 7? Astronomers see a black hole’s jets forming in real-time. Curiosity finds ripples of an ancient shore, and an insanely high-resolution image of Andromeda captured by Hubble.

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• 00:00 Intro
• 00:19 What happened to Starship during Flight 7
  • https://www.spacex.com/launches/mission/?missionId=starship-flight-7
• 02:25 Black Hole jets forming in real-time
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170504/black-hole-jets-seen-forming-in-real-time/
• 03:37 Flapping flag on the Moon
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170350/chinas-change-7-will-include-a-flag-that-will-flap-on-the-moon/
• 05:35 Super fast winds on an exoplanet
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170549/supersonic-winds-blowing-on-an-extreme-exoplanet/
• 06:55 Non-solo hot Jupiters
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170538/hot-jupiters-can-co-exist-with-other-planets/
• 08:19 Vote results
• 09:06 Predicting solar flares
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170547/coronal-loops-flicker-right-before-the-sun-unleashes-big-flares/
• 10:56 Why Mars has two different hemispheres
  • https://www.anu.edu.au/news/all-news/new-marsquake-data-could-help-solve-one-of-our-solar-systems-biggest-mysteries
• 12:35 Open water marks from Curiosity
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170532/curiosity-finds-ancient-wave-ripples-on-mars/
• 14:13 2.5 Billion pixels of Andromeda
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170498/hubble-takes-a-2-5-gigapixel-image-of-andromeda/
• 15:45 NIAC season

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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How does JWST stay in L2 and not drift away? What is the wait calculation for Alpha Centauri? How can we use Jupiter's Lagrange points? Answering all these questions and more in this Q&A show.

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00:00 Start
00:26 How does JWST stay in L2?
02:57 What is the 'wait calculation' for Alpha Cen?
06:49 Why don't they just ... wear weights to compensate for low gravity?
08:57 Can two telescopes act as an Earth-sized binocular?
14:25 Why so few timelapses?
16:15 Can we do anything interesting at Jupiter's Lagrange points?

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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To look for lifer in space we need to understand it. What fundamental boundaries does it have? What limits are imposed on life? Finding out in this interview.

🦄 Get the extra part for free here:

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🟣 Guest: Dr Ricard Solé
https://santafe.edu/people/profile/ricard-sole

📜 Fundamental constraints to the logic of living systems
https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsfs.2024.0010

👉 More interviews:
This Element Is Critical for Extraterrestrial Life. And It's Not Carbon https://youtu.be/Ppc3zzMTJTs
What The Hell Is Life? And How Do We Search For It? https://youtu.be/Eaa_b2tkiKQ
What Happens If We Find Extraterrestrial Life? https://youtu.be/2_buH0GXFx8

• 00:00 Intro
• 01:26 Fundamental constraints
• 08:28 Information as a limiting factor
• 16:16 Fundamental logic of cell structure
• 23:25 Computer programming VS life
• 24:56 Limits for life
• 33:57 Current obsessions
• 38:16 Bonus part and more interviews

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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Did we already contaminate Mars with life from Earth? When will we find the first intergalactic object? How do we know dark matter is in the center of the Milky Way? Answering all these questions and more in this Q&A show.

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• 00:00 Start
• 00:26 Did we already contaminate Mars?
• 06:42 When will we discover a first intergalactic object?
• 11:19 How do we know that dark matter in at the center of the Milky Way?
• 14:44 Biggest night sky events of 2025?
• 15:57 What's the Solar System's ecliptic orientation in our galaxy?
• 17:57 How many laps did the Sun make around the Milky Way?
• 19:00 How do astronomers use JWST?
• 21:40 Why don't more people work with the data from telescopes?

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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We're used to look for life on exoplanets. But what if we're looking in the wrong place? Can life exist without a planet? Finding out in this interview.

🦄 Get the extra part for free here:

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🟣 Guest: Dr. Robin Wordsworth
https://eps.harvard.edu/people/robin-wordsworth

📜 Self-sustaining living habitats in extraterrestrial environments
https://arxiv.org/pdf/2409.14477

00:00 Intro
00:59 Life on Earth
03:57 Life without a planet
27:32 Finding life with no planet
35:50 Terraforming Mars
35:50 Current obsessions
42:00 Bonus part and more interviews

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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The Gaia mission is over, New Glenn gets to orbit, SpaceX catches SuperHeavy but loses Starship, and we finally get an explanation for little red dots.

🚀 Ask your questions:
https://www.patreon.com/posts/patrons-send-in-120156795

• 00:00 Intro
• 00:18 Gaia is over
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170452/the-gaia-missions-science-operations-are-over/
• 02:51 SpaceX Starship IFT-7
• 04:53 Blue Origin New Glenn NG-1
  • https://www.blueorigin.com/news/new-glenn-ng-1-mission v
• 06:54 Double Moon Launch
  • https://skyandtelescope.org/astronomy-news/blue-ghost-lunar-lander-heads-to-the-moon/
• 08:16 Flares from Sgr A
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170444/astronomers-see-flares-coming-from-the-milky-ways-supermassive-black-hole/
• 09:58 Vote results
  • https://www.youtube.com/@frasercain/community
• 10:37 Explanation for the Little Red Dots
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170430/webb-provides-an-explanation-for-little-red-dots/
• 14:15 Origin of Earth's latest quasimoon
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170427/earths-temporary-moon-might-have-come-from-the-moon/
• 15:39 Observing the changing Universe
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170412/the-webb-shows-us-where-cosmic-dust-comes-from/
• 17:24 NIAC 2025
  • https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/stmd/niac/niac-2025-selections/
• 18:17 Guide to Space newsletter
• 18:57 Ask your questions

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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Are there any other local groups of galaxies out there? Did the high temperature of the Universe create life? Will NASA be skipping the Moon for Mars? Answering all these questions and more in this Q&A.

🦄 Additional Overtime episode:
https://www.patreon.com/posts/overtime-audio-120001337

• 00:00 Start
• 00:25 Do we know of other 'local groups' of galaxies?
• 05:05 Did the temperature of the Universe create life?
• 08:37 What would be the first megaproject in space?
• 11:46 Can we move dirty production to the Moon?
• 16:09 Will NASA be skipping the Moon for Mars?

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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How will the upcoming MAUVE telescope fit into the search for exoplanets? What science goals will it have? How will future instruments and telescopes help? Finding out in this interview.

🦄 Get the extra part for free here:

https://www.patreon.com/posts/bonus-interview-120079050

🟣 Guest: Dr. Emily Rickman
https://www.emilyrickman.com/

📜 MAUVE: Mission to Analyze the UltraViolet universE
https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.04164

👉 More interviews:

• Nancy Grace Roman's Coronagraph https://youtu.be/HXZMRagv66M
• Habitable Worlds Observatory's Coronagraph https://youtu.be/pk9dLIw3IEM
• Searching for planets around red dwarf stars https://youtu.be/p8X_qrtxPm8
• Plato mission https://youtu.be/TofP5yeqNLg
• Gaia mission https://youtube.com/live/iHcLBZaC5x4

• JWST & Quantum Telescopes https://youtu.be/eXchT7mtEao

• 00:00 Intro

• 02:05 UV astronomy

• 08:21 What is MAUVE

• 18:28 Science goals

• 26:16 Future instruments

• 35:35 Current obsessions

• 40:21 Bonus part

• 41:03 More interviews

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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When did the first terrestrial planets form? How can galaxies collide when the Universe is expanding? Do black holes have Lagrange points? Answering all these questions and more.

🦄 Support us on Patreon:
https://patreon.com/universetoday

• 00:00 Start
• 00:25 When would the first terrestrial planets have formed?
• 04:40 Did humanity stall with spaceflight?
• 11:44 If the Universe is expanding, how can galaxy crash into each other?
• 15:12 How can a teenager help in space exploration?
• 19:06 Do black holes have Lagrange points?
• 21:15 Can we watch alien TV?
• 24:53 Are we alone in the Universe?

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How can neutrinos help us find dark matter? How a 10-year search can give null results and what significance does it have? What's next for this direction? Finding out in this interview.

🦄 Support us on Patreon:
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00:00 Intro
01:34 Why Neutrinos
14:03 High energy VS low energy search
17:04 Bonus Part: Null results
18:15 What's next
32:27 Current obsessions
34:54 More interviews

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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We’ve got two new options for NASA’s Mars Sample Return Mission, an explanation for why Mars can get planet-wide dust storms, stealing secrets from Conan the Bacterium, and we could see a really bright comet next week.

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• 00:00 Intro
• 00:18 Two options for Mars Sample Return mission
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170329/nasa-lays-out-two-new-options-for-mars-sample-return/
• 03:45 Global dust storms on Mars
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170270/new-study-explains-how-mars-dust-storms-can-engulf-the-planet/
• 05:19 Mimicking a super-bacteria
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170266/this-superbacteria-can-withstand-enough-radiation-to-kill-a-person/
• 06:50 Origin of the Pluto Charon system
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170313/heres-how-pluto-and-charon-became-a-bizarre-double-planet/
• 08:55 Vote results
• 09:31 Loosing the night sky to satellites
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170339/astronomers-are-losing-the-night-sky-and-radio-sky-to-satellite-megaconstellations/
• 12:21 Bright Comet incoming
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170008/will-comet-g3-atlas-perform-at-perihelion/
• 13:59 Tree big launches
• 16:03 Guide to space
• 16:40 Mystery with ads

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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Can the government really hide any unwanted UFO incidents? Is NASA avoiding looking for life? How will Hubble Tension help science?

🦄 Additional Overtime episodes:
https://www.patreon.com/posts/overtime-audio-q-119511175

• 00:00 Start
• 00:25 Can government really hide any unwanted UFO incidents?
  
• 05:11 Is NASA avoiding looking for life?
• 11:21 How will Hubble Tension help science?
• 16:52 What happens when we reach The Great Attractor?

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This is a bonus part for the interview with Harry Brodsky where he talks about his underwater research experience.

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📺 Full Interview
https://youtu.be/Ppc3zzMTJTs

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Searching for life is complicated. Which elements are critical and which ones are not? Which can we count as biosignatures and which can occur without life? Which role does Phosphorus play in all that?

🦄 Get the extra part for free here:

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00:00 Intro
01:36 Phosphorus and Earth life
21:42 Biosignatures and Phosphorus
38:00 Bonus part: Underwater Biology
38:51 Current obsessions
45:04 Final thoughts

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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What happens if we find the true origin of life? What space things should you look forward to in 2025? Can a tidally locked planet qualify as Earth 2.0? Answering all these questions and more in this Q&A show.

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• 00:00 Start
• 00:25 What would happen if we found out where life came from?
• 03:58 What to look forward to in 2025?
• 07:38 Can a tidally locked exoplanet qualify as Earth 2.0?
• 14:26 Is there an island of stability out there?
• 17:06 Tesla Bots on Mars?

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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NASA is working on an even bigger Mars helicopter, is dark energy just an illusion?, a particle that only has mass when moving in one direction, and Parker Solar Probe completes its closest flyby of the Sun.

🦄 Support us on Patreon:
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• 00:00 Intro
• 00:15 Mars Chopper
• 02:07 Dark Energy Illusion
• 07:19 One Direction Particle
• 09:45 Parker Solar Probe touched the Sun
• 11:35 Vote results
• 12:38 Covering an asteroid with balls
• 14:37 Meteor shower
• 16:02 Cool Images
• 18:07 Guide to Space
• 18:40 Goal for 2025

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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What will happen to Phobos and Deimos in Mars' orbit? What happens to different body parts in space? Could Venus be a better destination for human exploration than Mars? Answering all these questions and more in this Q&A show.

🦄 Additional Overtime episodes:
https://www.patreon.com/posts/overtime-audio-q-118616281

00:00 Start
00:24 What happens to Phobos and Deimos around Mars?
03:27 Does every part of your body become bigger in space?
05:47 Could Venus be a more favourable destination than Mars?
11:18 Which moon is my favourite?
14:26 When did it become okay to look for aliens as a scientist?
18:07 Why do we keep talking about an interplanetary future?

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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All the best news stories from 2024 as voted by our viewers in Space Bites.

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• 00:00 Intro
• 01:09 January
• 02:36 February
• 04:02 March
• 05:44 April
• 08:23 May
• 10:40 June
• 13:12 July
• 16:03 August
• 19:47 September
• 22:17 October
• 26:11 November
• 28:39 December
• 31:11 Outro

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Where did Phobos and Deimos come from? Can we send a mission into a gas giant? How many exoplanets did Gaia detect? What is Canada's involvement in space exploration? Answering all these questions and more in this Q&A show.

🦄 Support us on Patreon:
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• 00:00 Start
• 00:28 How is Canada involved in space exploration?
• 03:25 How many exoplanets did Gaia detect?
• 06:21 How did Mars get its moons?
• 09:48 Will we ever send a mission into a gas giant or an ice giant?
• 14:01 Why do people mistake drones, stars, planes, etc. for aliens?
• 16:07 What determines the gravity on a planet?

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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To find life outside of Earth we first need to understand what life even is. So, what is life? How can we go from understanding 'life as we know it' to 'life as we don't know it'? And how can we then search for it in the Universe?

More interviews:
👉 Venus Could Harbour Non-Water Based Life
https://youtu.be/wK9LWHNHuF4?si=zqq62dMbje2ZhfSc
👉 Exomoons. Can JWST Help Find Them?
https://youtu.be/umiMtQU3bMU?si=H5doB5PnzaSTr9Q4

🦄 Support us on Patreon:
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• 00:00 Intro
• 01:09 What is life?
• 09:35 Life as we (don't) know it
• 28:55 Technosignatures
• 36:30 Bonus extra interview
• 37:20 Current obsession
• 42:49 More interviews

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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More landers are going to the Moon; maybe TRAPPIST 1b has an atmosphere after all; Perseverance climbs up to the rim of Jezero Crater and a supermassive black hole rolls over onto its side.

🦄 Support us on Patreon:
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• 00:00 Intro
• 00:14 2 Landers 1 Rocket
• 03:02 Trappist-1b atmosphere update
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170140/one-of-the-most-interesting-exoplanets-just-got-even-more-interesting/
• 05:03 No magma ocean for Io
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170123/new-research-suggests-io-doesnt-have-a-shallow-ocean-of-magma/
• 08:00 Eat. Rest. Repeat
  • https://www.cam.ac.uk/research/news/massive-black-hole-in-the-early-universe-spotted-taking-a-nap-after-overeating
• 10:07 Binary star near Sgr A
  • https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso2418/
• 11:46 Black hole on its side
  • https://www.nasa.gov/universe/black-holes/nasa-finds-sideways-black-hole-using-legacy-data-new-techniques/
• 13:14 Vote results
  • https://www.youtube.com/@frasercain/community
• 13:56 Progress for Nancy Grace Roman
  • https://www.nasa.gov/missions/roman-space-telescope/nasa-successfully-integrates-roman-missions-telescope-instruments/
• 15:12 Rim of the Jezero crater
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170103/nasas-perseverance-rover-reaches-the-top-rim-of-the-jezero-crater/
• 16:55 ISS Astrophotography from Don Petit
  • https://www.universetoday.com/170146/astronaut-don-pettit-is-serious-he-rigged-up-astrophotography-gear-on-the-iss/
• 19:15 Last minute gift

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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How bright would the Moon be if it was covered with ice not regolith? How does spaghettification happen near black holes? How will the human body adapt to Mars's gravity after the long journey? Answering all these questions and more in the Q&A show.

🦄 Get the additional Overtime audio episodes:
https://www.patreon.com/posts/overtime-audio-118171439

00:00 Start
00:26 How will our body adapt to Mars after the long journey to it?

04:06 How does spaghettification happen near black holes?
07:55 Could advanced civilizations ignite stars?
10:53 How can we be in the center of a hot bubble with multiple supernovae?
13:35 What would happen if the Moon was covered with ice?

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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Ion engines can be a very efficient way to travel not only through our Solar System but even beyond. What kinds of ion engines are there? How are they different? What kind of missions can we expect? Finding out in this interview.

🦄 Get the extra part for free here:

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🟣 Guest: Dr. Dan Fries
https://engr.uky.edu/people/dan-fries

📜 Advanced Electric Propulsion Systems with Optimal Specific Impulses for Fast Interstellar Precursor Missions
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/385172298_Advanced_Electric_Propulsion_Systems_with_Optimal_Specific_Impulses_for_Fast_Interstellar_Precursor_Missions

• 00:00 Intro
• 01:20 What are ion engines
• 11:49 Possible Missions
• 18:15 Solar gravitational lens
• 30:42 Interstellar travel
• 34:04 Bonus part
• 35:10 Current obsessions
• 38:19 More interviews

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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Will we have a space base on Phobos? Will hibernation help us to cope with long-distance space travel? How will Starship be returning from Mars? Answering all these questions and more in the Q&A show.

🦄 Support us on Patreon:
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• 00:00 Start
• 00:24 Why not build a space station at Phobos?
• 02:33 How long would it take for live to evolve to human level again?
• 05:23 How to cope with radiation during long-distance space travel?
• 09:58 How will humans get back from Mars on a Starship?
• 15:01 Will hibernation help us survive during space travel?

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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We finally learn why Ingenuity crashed. Gaia is nearing the end of its life. NASA is planning cargo deliveries to the Moon. And a twin of the Milky Way, seen in infancy by Webb.

🦄 Support us on Patreon:
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• 00:00 Intro
• 00:15 Why Ingenuity crashed
• 02:58 End of Gaia
• 05:52 Cargo missions for the Moon
• 07:34 Mass of the Milky Way
• 09:13 Vote results
• 09:47 Solar flares
• 12:30 Cosmic rays
• 14:47 Milky Way's early twin
• 16:25 Humanity's first quasar
• 17:56 Interviews

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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How can one fight light pollution? What will happen to space exploration in our modern political climate? Why doesn't Venus lose its atmosphere without a magnetosphere? Answering all these questions and more in this Q&A show.

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• 00:00 Start
• 00:23 How can Venus hang on to its atmosphere without a magnetic field?
• 02:17 What will happen to space exploration?
• 08:45 Would we see a Sgr A quasar from Earth if it became one?
• 11:54 How to fight light pollution?
• 15:36 What's going on with the "Crisis in Cosmology"?

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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How don't comets lose all their mass really quickly? Where are all the photos of the Milky Way from the ISS? Can you reach out from orbit and poke a black hole with a stick? Answering all these questions and more in this Q&A show.

🦄 Support us on Patreon:
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• 00:00 Start
• 00:24 Comets and their tails
• 04:06 Where are the pictures of the Milky Way from the ISS?
• 08:36 Will the Sun's expansion bring the Moon closer to Earth?
• 11:27 Can you poke a black hole with a stick?
• 13:35 When did 'our' part of the Universe form?

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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Black Widow pulsars consume their partners. But if there were advanced alien species, it could be a perfect way to produce energy and move the stars around. They could also use pulsars as a global galactic navigation system. How exactly could they achieve it? Finding out in this interview.

🦄 Get the extra part for free here:

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🟣 Guest: Dr. Clément Vidal
https://www.clemvidal.com/

📜 The Spider Stellar Engine: a Fully Steerable Extraterrestrial Design?
https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.05038

📜 Pulsar Positioning System: A quest for evidence of extraterrestrial engineering
https://arxiv.org/abs/1704.03316

• 00:00 Intro
• 01:33 Stellarvore
• 07:48 Moving stars around
• 17:57 Technosignatures
• 25:17 Pulsar galactic navigation system
• 29:44 Messaging system
• 39:43 Noosphere
• 43:48 Bonus part
• 44:08 Current obsessions
• 46:43 Final thoughts

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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Trump announces his choice for the new NASA administrator, we’ve got a new date for Artemis III, Venus might have never had liquid oceans, and finding habitable planets around white dwarf stars.

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00:00 Intro
00:15 NASA's New Administrator
02:08 Delays for Artemis 2 and 3
05:09 More evidence for gravitational waves background
07:35 Venus' past
09:38 Potential habitable planets around white dwarfs
12:26 Vote results
12:51 Vera Rubin and interstellar visitors
14:18 Moon rescue mission
15:55 Galaxy cluster coming together
17:45 Jupiter at opposition
18:57 Gift for space enthusiasts

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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Does building more JWSTs for different parts of the spectrum make sense? Are star types predetermined at their birth? Can you cook a pizza on the Sun? Why is the Sun's corona hotter than its surface? Are there binary supermassive black holes? Answering all these questions and more in this Q&A show.

🦄 More Q&A in the Overtime Audio:
https://patreon.com/universetoday

• 00:00 Start
• 00:25 Does it make sense to have JWST in a different spectrum?
• 04:07 Are star types determined at their birth?
• 07:50 Thoughts about the flat Earth?
• 09:57 Can we see the light from the Big Bang?
• 11:54 Are there binary supermassive black holes?
• 13:59 What would a pizza cooked directly on the Sun taste like?
• 15:17 Why is the corona of the Sun hotter that its surface?

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Who will pay for the next-generation space stations that follow the ISS? How much do rockets pollute? Did James Webb make the observable Universe bigger? Answering all these questions and more in this Q&A show.

🦄 More Q&A in the Overtime Audio:
https://patreon.com/universetoday

• 00:00 Start
• 00:26 Best place for a space factory?
• 05:21 Can stars and planets escape the Milky Way?
• 08:02 Did JWST make the observable universe bigger?
• 09:58 Do rockets pollute a lot?
• 13:36 Does it make sense to build a new space station?
• 17:32 What came before the big bang?

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Dragonfly is taking a Falcon Heavy to Titan, What’s inside Uranus?, Russia’s cargo ship delivers a stinky smell to the station, and testing robots to go under the ice on Europa.

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• 00:00 Intro
• 00:15 A ride for Dragonfly
  • https://www.nasa.gov/news-release/nasa-awards-launch-services-contract-for-dragonfly-mission/
• 01:30 Inside Uranus
  • https://news.berkeley.edu/2024/11/25/a-clue-to-what-lies-beneath-the-bland-surfaces-of-uranus-and-neptune/
• 03:51 Europa Clipper unrolls its instruments
  • https://www.nasa.gov/missions/europa-clipper/nasas-europa-clipper-millions-of-miles-down-instruments-deploying/
• 05:50 Robots for under the ice exploration
  • https://www.universetoday.com/169887/testing-the-robots-that-might-explore-europa/
• 06:56 Baby planet
  • https://www.universetoday.com/169863/astronomers-find-a-3-million-year-old-planet/
• 08:17 Vote results
• 08:49 Haolong haoloooong
  • https://www.universetoday.com/169703/chinas-proposed-cargo-shuttle-the-haolong-has-entered-development/
• 10:08 Russian spaceship stinks
  • https://arstechnica.com/space/2024/11/after-russian-ship-docks-to-space-station-astronauts-report-a-foul-smell/
• 10:50 Sombrero galaxy by JWST
  • https://www.universetoday.com/169895/fantastic-new-image-of-the-sombrero-galaxy-from-webb/
• 11:42 Alien-like Jupiter
  • https://www.universetoday.com/169920/magnetic-tornado-is-stirring-up-the-haze-at-jupiters-poles/
• 13:21 SLS fireplace
  • https://www.universetoday.com/169912/the-holiday-fireplace-video-we-needed/
• 13:55 Questions for upcoming interviews

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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Why don't comets run out of "tail fuel"? If Voyager crashes into something, can we tell it apart from a regular failure? What are the chances we will drive into a lava tube? Will satellite communication become dominant at some point? Answering all these and more in this Q&A show.

🦄 More Q&A in the Overtime Audio:
https://www.patreon.com/posts/overtime-audio-q-116788920

• 00:00 Start
• 00:37 How can comets leave tails for thousands of years without running out?
• 02:57 Can we detect a hit to a Voyager?
• 04:20 How possible would it be to drive into a lava tube on the moon?
• 05:44 More Space Bites from website authors?
• 09:52 Does Moon getting farther away impact tides on Earth?
• 11:34 Will satellite communications overtake traditional on-ground ones?
• 16:01 Can we protect a Moon colony with an artificial magnetic field?

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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James Webb recently detected a new kind of exoplanet. It's a steam world. How did they find it and what does it mean for the future of exoplanet search? Finding out in this interview.

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🟣 Guest: Eshan Raul

📜 JWST/NIRISS Reveals the Water-rich "Steam World" Atmosphere of GJ 9827 d
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/2041-8213/ad6f00

• 00:00 Intro
• 01:47 The Steam World
• 10:49 Steam worlds VS Hycean worlds
• 14:38 Exoplanet research with JWST
• 17:04 Questions from Patrons
• 23:33 Where can we find more of them?
• 30:09 Bonus part
• 30:46 Current obsessions

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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JUMBOs, Jupiter Mass Binary Objects. Over 500 of them were detected in the Orion Nebula by JWST. But where did they come from? How did they form and why are they in binary pairs? My guest has a good guess about it.

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🟣 Guest: Jessica Diamond

📜Formation of Jupiter-Mass Binary Objects through photoerosion of fragmenting cores
https://arxiv.org/pdf/2410.09159

• 00:00 Intro
• 01:34 JUMBOs
• 14:02 Photoerosion
• 24:57 Questions from Patreon community
• 31:26 Side track
• 34:30 Final thoughts

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Where will the money come from for the next generation of space stations? Does NASA have plans for a gravity tractor experiment for the Apophis flyby? Which part of the Milky Way can we see? Can there be different types of black holes? Answering all these and more in this Q&A show.

🦄 More Q&A in the Overtime Audio:
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• 00:00 Start
• 00:37 Which part of the Milky Way can we see?
• 02:41 Will space stations be economically viable?
• 05:50 Are there different types of black holes?
• 06:58 Can you un-distort images instead of using adaptive optics?
• 11:53 How do we know that far away objects are still there?
• 13:12 Does NASA have plans for a gravity tractor experiment?
• 15:58 Best time to watch auroras in Alaska?
• 18:11 How does light from far away get to us?

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I just wrapped up an interesting conversation over at ‪DoomDebates‬ talking about the future of artificial intelligence, the Fermi Paradox, Great Filter, Grabby Aliens and more. Check it out and subscribe to the channel.

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📺 VIDEO VERSION
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If there is a faster-than-light spaceship, could we detect it? Can we use the Sun as a magnifying glass? Which telescope to get under $200? Can Juno meet Europa clipper? Answering all these questions and more in this week's Overtime Q&A.

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• 00:00 Start
• 00:18 Can we detect FTL spacecraft?
• 03:26 Good telescope for under $200?
• 05:51 Could we use the Sun as a magnifying lens?
• 06:50 Will Juno still be operational when Clipper and Juice arrive?
• 07:23 Why did SpaceX develop Mechazilla?
• 10:51 How can the Universe be infinite if it started in the Big Bang?

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Starship completes its 6th flight test, Webb analyzes a star in another galaxy and confirms the Hubble tension, again, and a new explanation for the moons of Mars.

More interviews:
👉 Nobel Prize Winner Explains JWST vs The Crisis in Cosmology
https://youtu.be/hmJOz9qCk0M
👉 Explanation for the Webb's "Impossible" Galaxies
https://youtu.be/xPK9kF2tqfk

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• 00:00 Intro
• 00:14 Starship IFT-6
  • https://www.universetoday.com/169736/starships-booster-and-donald-trump-make-a-splash-at-sixth-flight-test/
• 03:47 Zoomed in star in another galaxy
  • https://www.universetoday.com/169830/the-first-close-up-picture-of-star-outside-the-milky-way/
• 05:20 Webb confirms Hubble Tension
  • https://www.universetoday.com/169619/james-webb-confirms-hubbles-calculation-of-hubbles-constant/
• 08:31 More monster galaxies
  • https://www.universetoday.com/169692/three-more-galactic-monster-ultra-massive-galaxies-found/
• 10:22 Vote results
• 11:03 Stars eating their planets
  • https://www.universetoday.com/169702/up-to-a-third-of-stars-ate-some-of-their-planets/
• 12:47 How Mars got its moons
  • https://www.nasa.gov/solar-system/planets/mars/making-mars-moons-supercomputers-offer-disruptive-new-explanation-2/
• 14:37 Repurposing Mars Express camera
  • https://www.universetoday.com/169092/how-scientists-repurposed-a-camera-on-esas-mars-express-mission/
• 16:07 Guide to space
• 16:45 Channel updates

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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We're still waiting for the results from JWST about the atmospheres on the TRAPPIST-1 planets. But is there a way for red dwarf planets to keep atmospheres on planets. Latest research seems to show that it might be possible.

🟣 Guest: Dr. Joshua Krissansen-Totton
https://depts.washington.edu/astrobio/wordpress/profile/joshua-krissansen-totton/

📜 The erosion of large primary atmospheres typically leaves behind substantial secondary atmospheres on temperate rocky planets
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-024-52642-6

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• 00:00 Intro
• 02:09 Problems with M dwarfs
• 11:22 Holding on to atmospheres
• 19:46 JWST observations
• 24:10 Habitable worlds observatory
• 32:40 Trappist-1 results wen?
• 40:22 More interviews

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Should they teach conspiracy theories in schools? How can we preserve history? How restricted is JWST because of its sunshield? Answering all these questions and more in this week's Overtime Q&A.

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• 00:00 Start
• 00:26 Should conspiracy theories be taught in school?
• 08:13 How much does the sunshield block JWST?
• 10:19 How can we protect history?
• 14:27 Will we find ancient civilizations on other planets?
• 18:03 Why not use the proper name for the Sun and Moon?
• 18:55 Is there a Moon timezone?
• 19:56 Is the edge of the Observable Universe set by aliens?

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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Will SpaceX be able to deliver Starship in time for Artemis? Will Elon and Donald cancel SLS and replace it with Falcon Heavy? Is there any chance for real competition with SpaceX? How serious is the space race with China? Finding out the answers in this interview.

🟣 Guest: Eric Berger
https://arstechnica.com/author/ericberger/

🦄 UT Extra: Future of Space Journalism
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📖 Eric Berger's New Book "Reentry: SpaceX, Elon Musk, and the Reusable Rockets that Launched a Second Space Age"
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/205309521-reentry

• 00:00 Intro
• 01:12 Reentry and the rise of SpaceX
• 10:24 What happens to SLS
• 20:17 The state of Starship
• 30:45 Blue Origin and other competition
• 35:29 Space race with China
• 42:11 Questions from the Patreon Community
• 53:22 Current obsessions
• 55:11 Final thoughts

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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Moon has a non-uniform bumpy gravitational field. We can use these anomalies to launch stuff off the surface of the Moon with electromagnetic launchers. How exactly can we do it? Finding out in this interview.

🟣 Guest: Dr. Pekka Janhunen
https://www.mpe.mpg.de/person/18090/2169

📜 Launching mass from the Moon helped by lunar gravity anomalies
https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.09616

📜 Terraforming the dwarf planet: Interconnected and growable Ceres megasatellite world
https://arxiv.org/pdf/2011.07487

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More interviews:
🌞 Solar Gravitational Lens with Slava Turushev:
https://youtube.com/live/lqzJewjZUkk?feature=share
🚀 Realistic Interstellar Travel with Andrew Higgins
https://youtu.be/SkGRVvA23qI
🏡 Asteroid Habitats with Adam Frank
https://youtu.be/Z-hH3-z56cg

• 00:00 Intro
• 02:51 Electrostatic sail updates
• 07:15 Launching stuff from the Moon
• 14:46 Finding trajectories
• 18:44 Practical applications
• 30:56 Mining Ceres
• 38:32 Future of humanity
• 42:53 More interviews

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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Some good environmental news, the Roman Space Telescope gets its mirror, astronomers defy the zone of avoidance, and moving stars halfway across the Milky Way

📸 New Zealand Astrophotography Competition:
https://www.universetoday.com/169293/our-breathtaking-cosmos-new-zealand-astrophotography-winners-announced/

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• 00:00 Intro
• 00:14 Good news!
  • https://www.universetoday.com/169251/good-news-the-ozone-layer-hole-is-continuing-to-shrink/
• 02:41 Nancy Grace Roman gets its mirror
  • https://www.nasa.gov/missions/roman-space-telescope/telescope-for-nasas-roman-mission-complete-delivered-to-goddard
• 05:01 Leonides
  • https://www.universetoday.com/169124/is-an-off-year-leonid-outburst-in-the-cards-for-november/
• 06:27 Trash compactor
  • https://www.universetoday.com/169229/a-trash-compactor-is-going-to-the-space-station/
• 07:43 Astronomers defy the Zone of Avoidance
  • https://www.universetoday.com/169287/astronomers-defy-the-zone-of-avoidance-to-find-hundreds-of-new-galaxies/
• 10:07 Finding black holes by their light echoes
  • https://www.universetoday.com/169227/using-light-echoes-to-find-black-holes/
• 11:33 Vote results
• 12:11 Life under ice on Mars
  • https://www.universetoday.com/169296/how-life-could-live-under-the-ice-on-mars/
• 13:46 Stellar engine
  • https://www.universetoday.com/169255/a-spider-stellar-engine-could-move-binary-stars-halfway-across-a-galaxy/
• 16:08 Habitable worlds observatory
• 17:05 More space news stories
• 17:49 New Zealand astrophotography competition

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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🟣 Guest: Dr. Sebastian Rabien
https://www.mpe.mpg.de/person/18090/2169

📜 Membrane Space Telescope: Active Surface Control with Radiative Adaptive Optics
https://arxiv.org/pdf/2410.07741

• 00:00 Intro
• 02:27 Adaptive optics in space
• 05:17 Membrane-based telescopes
• 22:48 Taking membrane telescopes to space
• 32:54 A practical next step
• 34:02 Questions from patrons
• 36:54 Working with ELT
• 44:30 More interviews

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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How fast can the Earth spin before it starts tearing itself apart? Should we be worried about samples from Mars contaminating Earth? Why don't space agencies use standardized platforms for their missions to save costs?

00:00 Start
01:05 How fast can the Earth spin not to tear apart?
05:19 Is bringing samples from space objects dangerous?
09:56 Can we make space probes standard?
14:34 Why is it so hard to go to other star systems?
19:01 What happens to time dilation in an Alcubierre drive?
21:32 Can our Oort cloud exchange material with Alpha Cen?
24:05 How would true colour images of exoplanets look like?
26:19 Are goofy thumbnails the zeitgeist of science channels?
29:41 Electromagnetic mass drivers on the Moon?
33:31 How long can satellites stay in orbit?
36:09 Why we don't expect life around M dwarf stars?

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Another Starship flight is right around the corner, how to make space telescopes insanely thin, a black hole feeding faster than it should, and plans to build your own radio telescope

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• 00:00 Intro
• 00:13 Starship IFT-6 Launch Date
• 03:27 Satellite surviving a collision
• 05:12 Ultra-thin space telescopes
• 07:42 Aftermath of a neutron star collision
• 09:48 Steam world
• 11:25 Vote results
• 11:58 Black hole that's eating too fast
• 13:33 The end for Skylon?
• 15:39 Build your own telescope
• 17:16 Guide to Space
• 17:59 Questions for the interviews

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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00:00 Start
00:27 [Alaris] How loud was the Big Bang?
04:06 [Ardena] Can black holes become neutron stars again?
07:35 [Asuria] Why send missions to Europa, not Enceladus?
12:17 [Belote] Will humans feel weird on a planet spinning opposite to Earth?
13:33 [Belsa] Did we see globular clusters gain or lose stars?
15:40 [Cartego] What would a Moon or Mars cars look like?
19:03 [Chulak] Can Ganymede and Titan be considered planets?
21:51 [Dakara] How loud would the Sun be?
22:40 [Edora] Can we use lasers for solar sails?
27:30 [Goronak] How does mass cross the event horizon?
30:28 [Hadante] How do we predict the lifetime of stars?
33:45 [Hebridan] Could we send mass to space to change our orbit and stop global warming?

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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Is this Event Horizon image accurate? Webb scans Vega for planets, another problem with Voyager 1, and a supernova space dandelion.

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• 00:00 Intro
• 00:13 Retake for the Sgr A image?
  • https://www.universetoday.com/169025/the-milky-ways-supermassive-black-hole-photo-might-need-a-retake/
• 02:32 Scanning Vega for planets
  • https://www.universetoday.com/169041/webb-scans-vega-for-planets/
• 04:20 "Alien signal" decoded
  • https://www.universetoday.com/169047/remember-that-alien-signal-sent-by-the-exomars-orbiter-last-year-its-just-been-decoded/
• 06:00 NASA's solar sail damaged
  • https://futurism.com/the-byte/nasa-solar-sail-spacecraft-damaged-spinning
• 07:47 New problems for Voyager-1
  • https://blogs.nasa.gov/voyager/2024/10/28/after-pause-nasas-voyager-1-communicating-with-mission-team/
• 09:48 Vote results
• 10:28 Sub-surface ocean on Miranda
  • https://www.universetoday.com/169058/theres-another-ocean-moon-candidate-uranus-tiny-moon-miranda/
• 12:23 Titan's icy crust
  • https://www.universetoday.com/169048/titan-may-have-a-methane-crust-10-km-thick/
• 14:08 Space Dandelion
  • https://www.universetoday.com/169031/this-ancient-supernova-remnant-looks-like-a-stellar-dandelion/
• 16:04 The Guide to Space
• 16:45 Remote telescope testing

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How hard can it be to retrieve a sample from Europa? How strong are the winds on Titan? What are the differences between different types of time dilation? Will Starship have landing legs? Answering all these questions and more in this week's Q&A show.

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• 00:00 Start
• 00:29 [Alaris] What are the weird rocket noises?
• 04:54 [Ardena] Could we be forever trapped on Earth because of its spin?
• 08:29 [Asuria] How to take pictures of auroras?
• 11:54 [Belote] How big is the Solar System?
• 15:16 [Cartego] How hard would it be to do a sample return from Europa?
• 21:37 [Chulak] Why worry about contaminating space probes?
• 25:25 [Dakara] What are the plans to explore lava tubes on Moon/Mars?
• 28:36 [Edora] How strong are the winds on Titan?
• 30:32 [Goronak] Will there be legs of Starships that go to Moon and Mars?
• 31:51 [Hadante] What are the chances of Europa Clipper finding plumes and sampling them?
• 34:20 [Hebridan] Any news on Starshot?

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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What comes after the International Space Station, first results from Euclid, there’s hope for the TRAPPIST-1 planets, and a triple star system with a black hole.

🦄 Support us on Patreon:
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📚 Suggest books in the book club:
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• 00:00 Intro
• 00:14 Vast Heaven-2
  • https://www.vastspace.com/haven-2
• 03:38 First results from Euclid
  • https://www.universetoday.com/168912/check-out-this-sneak-peek-of-the-euclid-missions-cosmic-atlas/
• 05:49 Laser communication
  • https://www.universetoday.com/168954/nasa-achieves-impressive-bandwidth-with-its-new-laser-communications-system/
• 08:28 Mirrors for LISA
  • https://www.universetoday.com/168976/nasa-is-building-telescopes-for-the-lisa-mission/
• 09:46 Hope for TRAPPIST-1
  • https://www.washington.edu/news/2024/10/23/rocky-planets-orbiting-small-stars-could-have-stable-atmospheres-needed-to-support-life/
• 11:25 Triple system with a black hole
  • https://www.caltech.edu/about/news/first-black-hole-in-a-triple-star-system-found
• 13:10 Vote results
• 14:23 Particle accelerator at the center of the Milky Way
  • https://www.universetoday.com/168982/theres-a-particle-accelerator-at-the-center-of-the-milky-way/
• 16:43 Heat shields for different atmospheres
  • https://www.universetoday.com/168977/testing-heat-shields-for-different-atmospheres/
• 19:03 Guide to space
• 19:36 Return of Virtual Star Parties

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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We know that stars start with a cloud of gas and then turn into a glowing ball. But how exactly does this process happen? How do stars turn on? Astronomers have been using JWST to find out.

🟣 Guest: Adam Rubinstein

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• 00:00 Intro
• 02:39 Young stars
• 11:55 Going from not-a-star to a star
• 14:22 JWST data
• 33:51 Working with JWST
• 45:54 Current obsessions
• 50:12 Final thoughts

📺 VIDEO VERSION
https://youtu.be/T_tHtWngvTA

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Can there be Dark Energy detectors? When will Sgr A start shrinking? Should the Prime Directive apply to Mars? Can we bring a proper observatory in space? Answering all these questions and more in this week's Q&A show.

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00:00 Start
00:29 [Alaris] What about Dark Energy detectors?
08:40 [Ardena] Why don't we see different constellations during the year?
11:15 [Asuria] When will Sagittarius A start shrinking?
13:42 [Belote] Can we build a space station observatory?
18:44 [Belsa] How do we see objects falling into black holes?
20:14 [Cartego] How will interstellar communication work?
21:48 [Chulak] Should the Prime Directive apply to Mars?
26:18 [Dakara] Does Mars have meteors from Earth?
27:32 [Edora] Why do comets leave tails?
29:03 [Goronak] Can black holes explode?
30:43 [Hadante] Does liver damage make Mars trips impossible?

📺 VIDEO VERSION
https://youtu.be/KFsIuE4BiaQ

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Starship takes its fifth test flight, Europa Clipper launches successfully, China’s science plans from now until 2050, and Jupiter’s jiggly Great Red Spot.

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• 00:00 Intro
• 00:14 Starship IFT-5
• 03:11 Europa Clipper launch
• 06:41 Uranus seen from both sides
• 08:41 China's space plans
• 11:06 Jiggling Great Red Spot
• 13:08 Vote results
• 13:56 Possible Volcanic exomoon
• 15:41 Giant cluster spitting out stars
• 17:37 Axiom's spacesuit design
• 18:44 Guide to Space

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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What's the best way to do science communication? Will Jupiter expand when the Sun dies? How would aliens experience their environment? Can New Horizons get new targets in future? Answering all these questions and more in this week's Overtime Q&A.

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• 00:00 Start
• 00:59 How can Hawking radiation escape a black hole?
• 03:47 Will Jupiter also expand when the Sun expands?
• 05:08 Why don't astronomers use the exoplanet names?
• 07:05 Will the Indians beat everyone to the Moon?
• 08:11 Do I feel threatened by ChatGPT?
• 10:28 What's the best way to do science communication?
• 11:48 How would aliens experience their environment?
• 14:19 Is the surface of the Moon littered with minerals?
• 15:43 What is the Universe orbiting?
• 16:03 Will New Horizons find new targets?
• 16:44 Would I go back to school to become an astronomer?
• 17:31 What are China's plans for the Moon?
• 20:07 Thoughts on the newer aerospike engines?
• 21:53 Should we spread life in the Solar System?
• 23:16 What are my favorite moons?

📺 VIDEO VERSION
https://youtu.be/32_zjx-dHRw

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SpaceX caught Super Heavy with Mechazilla. Starship survived re-entry and did a precise landing in the ocean. How did they do that? What does it mean for SpaceX? What to expect from IFT-6 now?

📺 Scott Manley:
https://www.youtube.com/@scottmanley

📺 Marcus House:
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🚀 IFT-4 Analysis: https://youtu.be/ecMlV4W_CLU
🚀 IFT-3 Analysis: https://youtu.be/EVic941kQ44
🚀 IFT-2 Analysis: https://youtu.be/ReXZvXPak4U
🚀 IFT-1 Analysis: https://youtu.be/RGcdjJj-f4g

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• 00:00 Intro
• 01:05 Flight 5
• 02:25 Initial plan for the test
• 03:54 Liftoff
• 05:50 Hot staging
• 10:04 Super Heavy catch
• 16:01 What were the odds
• 20:38 Future versions of Starship
• 23:42 Starship's re-entry and splashdown
• 37:38 The aftermath
• 42:28 Flight 6
• 58:11 Final thoughts

📺 VIDEO VERSION
https://youtu.be/Flv1W6AR-cU

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A new spacecraft is going to look at the aftermath from the DART mission, the Milky Way is part of a much, much larger structure, an early galaxy that’s similar to the Milky Way, and Starship test flight five could be just around the corner.

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• 00:00 Intro
• 00:16 Nancy Grace Roman tests
• 02:09 Hera mission launched
• 04:02 Milky Way part of a much larger structure
• 06:12 Earliest spiral galaxy
• 07:19 JWST looks at Charon
• 09:50 Vote results
• 10:29 Water on the Moon
• 12:44 Super compact triple star system
• 14:02 Starship Flight 5 coming soon
• 16:22 Guide to Space

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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How old is the Universe? Why do no missions go to Mars' ice poles? What does X-37B actually do? Why not abandon the SLS? Can Starship solve the problems Starlinks create? Answering all these questions and more in this week's Q&A.

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• 00:00 Start
• 00:39 [Alaris] How old is the Universe?
• 08:12 [Ardena] Why do no missions go to Mars' ice poles
• 11:04 [Asuria] What's the distance limit of a black hole's influence?
• 13:37 [Belote] What does X-37B actually do?
• 16:06 [Belsa] Why not abandon the SLS?
• 21:37 [Cartego] Is the Universe infinite or finite?
• 23:49 [Chulak] What's going on with Europa clipper?
• 27:45 [Dakara] Can Starship solve the problems Starlinks create?
• 31:53 [Edora] How often does the Earth capture another moon?

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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Planets at Bernard’s Star, Chinese lunar spacesuits, Voyager 2 Has to power down one of its instruments, and a comet seen from space.

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• 00:00 Intro
• 00:12 Planets found around the Barnard's star
• 02:13 Asymmetrical exoplanet
• 03:26 Crew Dragon's propulsive landing
• 04:29 Views from Polaris Dawn
• 05:11 China's new lunar spacesuits
• 06:25 ISS leaks. Again.
• 07:51 Vote results
• 08:26 Voyager-2 turns off one more instrument
• 10:10 Space balloon test
• 11:41 Black hole jet
• 13:07 Comet from space

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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What are the limits for the telescopes of the future? Can you play disk golf on Mars or the Moon? Will all galaxies eventually fade away? When will we launch Voyagers v2.0? Answering all these questions and more in this week's Q&A.

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• 00:00 Start
• 00:27 [Alaris] What are the limits for future telescopes?
• 06:47 [Ardena] Can you play golf on Moon or Mars?
• 09:21 [Asuria] Why don't all rockets launch from the equator?
• 12:21 [Belote] Which telescopes should we be launching on Starship?
• 16:16 [Belsa] Will all galaxies eventually fade away?
• 19:01 [Cartego] Does Hawking radiation affect dark matter?
• 21:38 [Chulak] Will there be another Voyager mission?
• 24:55 [Dakara] Do we live forever?
• 28:12 [Edora] Have we seen Oort clouds of other solar systems?
• 30:54 [Goronak] Will earth resources be enough for SpaceX?
• 35:13 [Hadante] Will I cover theories that don't have a Big Bang origin?

📺 VIDEO VERSION
https://youtu.be/5wnrAo_RmC8

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Those aren’t Dyson Spheres they’re hotDOGs, the best gravitational lens in the Universe, new Starlinks are really bright in the radio, and SpaceX recovers its SuperHeavy.

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• 00:00 Intro
• 00:14 HotDOGs, Not Dyson Spheres
  • https://www.universetoday.com/168678/those-arent-dyson-spheres-theyre-hotdogs/
• 03:27 Best gravitational lens
  • https://www.universetoday.com/168672/this-might-be-the-best-gravitational-lens-ever-found/
• 04:44 Starlinks light pollution
  • https://www.universetoday.com/168658/second-generation-starlinks-are-32-times-brighter-in-radio-wavelengths/
• 07:07 SuperHeavy from a water grave
  • https://www.universetoday.com/168691/spacex-recovers-the-super-heavy-booster-from-flight-4/
• 08:08 Zebra rock on Mars
  • https://science.nasa.gov/blog/a-striped-surprise/
• 09:14 Vote results
• 09:53 Supernova and Earth life
  • https://www.universetoday.com/168687/how-a-nearby-supernova-left-its-mark-on-earth-life/
• 11:59 Two Chinese rocket hops
• 14:16 Guide to Space
• 14:35 Dyson sphere homework

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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Are we alone in the Universe? Probably, one of the most important questions one can ask. So, how are we currently trying to answer it and what happens when we finally do?

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• 00:00 Intro
• 01:24 Searching for extraterrestrial life
• 19:35 Agnostic methods of searching for life
• 26:20 What happens if we find life
• 29:38 Life as we don't know it
• 34:36 Searching for interstellar life
• 46:38 Which method will give results first
• 50:46 What if we don't find life
• 55:05 Current obsessions
• 58:59 Final thoughts

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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What happens if astronauts throw stuff from orbit? Can we travel through a black hole? What is our Sun's place in the Milky Way? How can human spaceflight become profitable? Answering all these questions and more in this week's Q&A show.

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00:00 Start
00:34 [Alaris] What is the place of our Sun in the Milky Way?
05:00 [Ardena] How to find communities that care about space?
09:34 [Asuria] What happens if an astronaut throws something towards Earth?
12:23 [Belote] How big is the void we live in?
15:20 [Belsa] Can you travel through a black hole to another Universe?
18:38 [Cartego] How is Mercury closer to Earth than Venus?
19:52 [Chulak] Did different arms of the Milky Way come from different mergers?
22:16 [Dakara] How would we see the farthest galaxies disappear?
25:15 [Edora] How can human space flight become profitable?
27:24 [Goronak] Which human-made thing will be first to get to another star?
32:16 [Hadante] What are my favourite telescopes?
34:23 [Hebridan] Could supermassive black holes be made of lost anti-matter?
37:39 [Jenev] Can we reuse parts of ISS?

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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Could we repair missions like JWST and Gaia? Polaris Dawn returns to Earth, did Earth once have rings? and a peanut-shaped asteroid just drifted past Earth.

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• 00:00 Intro
• 00:16 Repairing missions at L2
  • https://www.universetoday.com/168584/there-could-be-a-way-to-fix-spacecraft-at-l2-like-webb-and-gaia/
• 03:10 Polaris Dawn returns to Earth
  • https://polarisprogram.com/polaris-dawn-crew-returns-to-earth-achieving-major-objectives-during-their-five-day-mission/
• 05:22 Peanut-shaped asteroid flyby
  • https://www.universetoday.com/168616/nasa-watches-a-peanut-shaped-asteroid-drift-past-earth/
• 07:20 Earth might have had rings
  • https://www.universetoday.com/168579/earth-might-have-had-rings-half-a-billion-years-ago/
• 08:56 Earth's temporary moon
  • https://www.universetoday.com/168574/earth-will-have-a-tiny-new-mini-moon-for-a-few-months/
• 10:13 Vote results
• 10:54 Mission to Neptune
  • https://www.universetoday.com/168559/an-ambitious-mission-to-neptune-could-study-both-the-planet-and-triton/
• 13:22 Building a global light pollution map
  • https://gaia4sustainability.eu/gaia-4-sustainability/
• 14:35 Flying to Alpha Cen
  • https://www.universetoday.com/168534/new-video-shows-how-tiny-spacecraft-will-swarm-proxima-centauri/
• 16:19 More space news
• 16:58 Getting involved in science

📺 VIDEO VERSION
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This is an unusual interview for my channel. It's mostly about AI, our current developments and the threats it poses to us.

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00:00 Intro
01:51 Arrival of LLMs
06:30 Alignment of AI
17:35 Existential dangers
18:58 The Pause AI movement
23:47 Safety
32:42 Wake-up calls and red lines
39:12 Possible response
41:43 AI as part of evolution
44:25 Simulation hypothesis and the Fermi Paradox
49:52 How to get involved
51:48 Current obsessions
57:19 Final thoughts

📺 VIDEO VERSION
https://youtu.be/A4M3Q_P2xP4

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What's the maximum speed you can get from a gravity assist? Can we have a double gravitational lens? What do you need to do to a phone to sent it to space? Answering all these questions and more in this week's Q&A show.

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00:00 Start
00:25 [Alaris] Can phones survive in space?
06:10 [Ardena] Asteroid vs meteorite
07:27 [Asuria] What happened to Orion, Meade, and Coronado telescope companies?
09:51 [Belote] Can we learn something about a supernova that the Sun was created from?
13:35 [Belsa] Can there be double gravitational lenses?
15:16 [Cartego] Favourite thing to observe visually?
17:41 [Chulak] Can we make a 2 AU interferometer?
21:21 [Dakara] Why are black holes different in size and mass?
24:20 [Edora] What does Starliner's return mean?
27:31 [Goronak] Thoughts on Starlink polluting the sky?
32:34 [Hadante] Are public funds on space wasteful?
36:30 [Hebridan] Can NASA vs China space race boost exploration?
40:11 [Jenev] What is the speed limit that can be achieved by sling-shot around planets?

📺 VIDEO VERSION
https://youtu.be/hSrp6VHjHbo

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⚖️ LICENSE
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

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