An Old Timey Podcast

Note: Hi friends. We had to say goodbye to our sweet, 17-year-old cat, Boo, this week, so we’re releasing this episode from our Patreon. We’ll be back to our regularly scheduled programming next week.

Teri Horton didn’t mince words. The $5 thrift store painting she’d picked up for a friend was ugly. Very ugly. It wasn’t even what she’d call art. It looked like blobs and sprays of paint flung willy-nilly on a massive canvas. So, when Teri’s friend didn’t want the painting, Teri wasn’t offended. But Teri was sure surprised when an art teacher told her she might have purchased a genuine Jackson Pollock painting.

Teri’s response was quick. “Who the f*** is Jackson Pollock?”

Remember, kids, history hoes always cite their sources! For this episode, Kristin pulled from:
The documentary, “Who the #$and% is Jackson Pollock?”
“The Case for Jackson Pollock,” by PBS Digital Studios
“The Mark of a Masterpiece” by David Grann for the New Yorker
“Jackson Pollock: Demystifying America’s Most Influential Painter,” by The Conspiracy of Art YouTube channel
“$50-million question,” by Louise Baring for The National Post
“‘Ugly’ painting’s creator still disputed; now artists claim it,” by Kristina Sauerwein for The Los Angeles Times
“A thrift-shop Jackson Pollock masterpiece?” 60 Minutes
“‘Bakersfield Mist’ pits art misfit against art maven,” by Barbara Yoresh for the Indian River Press Journal
“Costa Mesa woman known for the fight to authenticate a possible Jackson Pollock painting dies without selling it,” by Susan Hoffman for the Daily Pilot
“After 25 years, Costa Mesa woman still holding out for a ‘fair price,’” for the Daily Pilot

Frances Perkins wasn’t just the first woman to serve in a presidential cabinet. She was also America’s longest serving Secretary of Labor. The only thing that overshadows her status as a trailblazer is what she accomplished in office. She’s the reason we have Social Security. She led the fight to end child labor, to establish a minimum wage and to create the 40-hour work week. She tried to establish universal health care… but hey, she was only human.

Ready for the sad part? She did all of that while under constant personal attacks. Her political opponents tried to impeach her. They spread a rumor that she hadn’t been born in America. Hmm… does any of that sound familiar? Ya know what Paula Abdul says… two steps forward and two steps back…

Remember, kids, history hoes always cite their sources! For this episode, Kristin pulled from:
The documentary, “Summoned: Frances Perkins and the General Welfare.”
The book, “The Woman Behind the New Deal,” by Kirstin Downey
The Frances Perkins Center website
“Frances Perkins” entry on the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Website

Are you enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Then please leave us a 5-star rating and review wherever you listen to podcasts!

Are you *really* enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Well, calm down, history ho! You can get more of us on Patreon at patreon.com/oldtimeypodcast. At the $5 level, you’ll get a monthly bonus episode (with video!), access to our 90’s style chat room, plus the entire back catalog of bonus episodes from Kristin’s previous podcast, Let’s Go To Court.

Frances Perkins was the first woman to serve in a presidential cabinet. She’s the reason we have Social Security. She led the fight to end child labor, to establish a minimum wage and to create the 40-hour work week. In this episode, we find out how this remarkable woman got her start. Did it help that her birth name was Fanny??? Possibly! Bad names build character!

Remember, kids, history hoes always cite their sources! For this episode, Kristin pulled from:
The documentary, “Summoned: Frances Perkins and the General Welfare.”
The book, “The Woman Behind the New Deal,” by Kirstin Downey
The Frances Perkins Center website

Are you enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Then please leave us a 5-star rating and review wherever you listen to podcasts!

Are you *really* enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Well, calm down, history ho! You can get more of us on Patreon at patreon.com/oldtimeypodcast. At the $5 level, you’ll get a monthly bonus episode (with video!), access to our 90’s style chat room, plus the entire back catalog of bonus episodes from Kristin’s previous podcast, Let’s Go To Court.

Walter Jackson Freeman wanted to do something *big.* As a neurologist for the nation’s largest psychiatric hospital, he saw patients who desperately needed help. But, absent any major medical breakthroughs, Walter was powerless to do much of anything.

So he spent years searching for *the thing* that separated people with mental illnesses from the normies. He studied brains. He measured them. He compared. In the end, he came up with nothing. He was devastated by his lack of progress. Then, in 1936, he came across the research of a Portuguese neurologist named Antonio Egas Moniz. Antonio had just developed a new procedure called a leucotomy. He’d performed it on 20 patients, and it had helped some of them.

Walter wasn’t the least bit skeptical. He took the leucotomy, gave it a little spin and a new name, and began performing it with reckless abandon. It would be years before people understood the risks of the lobotomy.

Remember, kids, history hoes always cite their sources! For this episode, Kristin pulled from:
“The Lobotomist” episode of American Experience
“Rosemary: the Hidden Kennedy Daughter,” book review by Meryl Gordon for The New York Times
“D.C. Neurosurgeon Pioneered 'Operation Icepick' Technique,” by By Glenn Frankel for the Washington Post
“Walter Jackson Freeman, Father of the Lobotomy,” By Al Ridenour for Mental Floss
“My Lobotomy” episode of StoryCorp

Are you enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Then please leave us a 5-star rating and review wherever you listen to podcasts!

Are you *really* enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Well, calm down, history ho! You can get more of us on Patreon at patreon.com/oldtimeypodcast. At the $5 level, you’ll get a monthly bonus episode (with video!), access to our 90’s style chat room, plus the entire back catalog of bonus episodes from Kristin’s previous podcast, Let’s Go To Court.

America’s first Olympic games were bad. But just how bad were they???

The 1904 St. Louis Olympics were part of a World’s Fair that featured human zoos, a display of premature babies, a racist athletic event called “Anthropology Days,” and more! The actual Olympic competitions were disorganized and featured mostly American athletes. And for the turd on this poo sundae - a marathon event that almost killed competitors.

But despite all this, some historians feel the 1904 St. Louis Olympics have been misjudged. Let’s find out!

Remember, kids, history hoes always cite their sources! For this episode, Norm pulled from: 
AICO. “1904 OLYMPIC GAMES ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI : OFFICIAL MEDALS & BADGES,” n.d. https://aicolympic.org/collectors_library/1904-olympic-games-st-louis-missouri-official-medals-badges/.
Boykoff, Jules. Power Games: A Political History of the Olympics. Verso, 2016.
DiMeo, Nate. “Olympic-Sized Racism.” Slate, August 21, 2008. https://slate.com/culture/2008/08/remembering-the-anthropology-days-at-the-1904-olympics.html.
Holroyd, Steve. “Lacrosse at the 1904 Summer Olympics: Correcting the Record.” Crossecheck (blog), March 16, 2019. https://crossecheck.com/2019/03/16/lacrosse-at-the-1904-summer-olympics-correcting-the-record/.
ISOH. “The Evolution of the Early Olympics,” n.d. https://isoh.org/cause-view/the-evolution-of-the-early-olympics/.
Johnson, Walter. “The Largest Human Zoo in World History.” Roundtable (blog), April 14, 2020. https://www.laphamsquarterly.org/roundtable/largest-human-zoo-world-history.
Kahler, Abbot, and Ellen Wexler. “How the 1904 Marathon Became One of the Weirdest Olympic Events of All Time.” Smithsonian Magazine, August 7, 2012. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/how-the-1904-marathon-became-one-of-the-weirdest-olympic-events-of-all-time-14910747/.
Matthews, George R. America’s First Olympics: The St. Louis Games of 1904. University of Missouri Press, 2018.
Populous. “Populous Magazine | The Bizarre Tale of the 1904 St. Louis Marathon,” n.d. https://populous.com/article/the-bizarre-tale-of-the-1904-st-louis-marathon.
Runner’s World. “The Unbelievable True Story of the Craziest Olympic Marathon,” August 6, 2021. https://www.runnersworld.com/runners-stories/a37039437/1904-olympic-marathon/.

Are you enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Then please leave us a 5-star rating and review wherever you listen to podcasts!

Are you *really* enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Well, calm down, history ho! You can get more of us on Patreon at patreon.com/oldtimeypodcast. At the $5 level, you’ll get a monthly bonus episode (with video!), access to our 90’s style chat room, plus the entire back catalog of bonus episodes from Kristin’s previous podcast, Let’s Go To Court.

Frenchman Pierre de Coubertin was embarrassed. He had just revived the Ancient Olympic Games on a global scale. But the 1900 Games in his hometown of Paris, France were a disaster. They were a sideshow at the World’s Fair! Many competitors weren’t even aware they were participating in the Olympics!

Next time around, Coubertin vowed to find a host nation that would appreciate the Olympics.

And that’s when a colleague suggested the United States should play host.  But which city? Unfortunately, making that selection was easier said than done. 

Remember, kids, history hoes always cite their sources! For this episode, Norm pulled from: 
Boykoff, Jules. Power Games: A Political History of the Olympics. Verso, 2016.
Matthews, George R. America’s First Olympics: The St. Louis Games of 1904. University of Missouri Press, 2018.

Are you enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Then please leave us a 5-star rating and review wherever you listen to podcasts!

Are you *really* enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Well, calm down, history ho! You can get more of us on Patreon at patreon.com/oldtimeypodcast. At the $5 level, you’ll get a monthly bonus episode (with video!), access to our 90’s style chat room, plus the entire back catalog of bonus episodes from Kristin’s previous podcast, Let’s Go To Court.

Wolfgang von Kempelen was unimpressed. Empress Maria Theresa had invited him to attend a magic show, hoping he’d tell her how the tricks worked. Instead, he told her – and everyone else in her court – that the tricks just plain sucked. He claimed he could do better. Stunned, Maria gave him six months off work to create something that would dazzle her court. So, six months later, Wolfgang von Kempelen showed up with what he claimed was an automaton chess playing machine. It would soon become known simply as “The Turk.” People were amazed. A machine that could play chess???

The Turk soon developed a life of its own.

Remember, kids, history hoes always cite their sources! For this episode, Kristin pulled from:
The book, “The Turk: The life and Times of the Famous 19th Century Chess-Playing Machine,” by Tom Standage
“How a phony 18th-century chess robot fooled the world,” by Evan Andrews for History.com
“The mechanical chess player that unsettled the world,” by Ella Morton for Slate.com
“Debunking the Mechanical Turk helped set Edgar Allan Poe on the path to mystery writing,” by Kat Eschner for Smithsonian Magazine
“The Mechanical Turk: AI Marvel or Parlor Trick,” Britannica
“Turkish Gambit,” by Dick Teresi for The New York Times

Are you enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Then please leave us a 5-star rating and review wherever you listen to podcasts!

Are you *really* enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Well, calm down, history ho! You can get more of us on Patreon at patreon.com/oldtimeypodcast. At the $5 level, you’ll get a monthly bonus episode (with video!), access to our 90’s style chat room, plus the entire back catalog of bonus episodes from Kristin’s previous podcast, Let’s Go To Court.

Picture it! 1932. Western Australia. Emus were taking over. They were gobbling up and trampling farmers’ wheat, and in turn, destroying their livelihoods. Something had to be done. So, the Australian government came up with a *novel* solution. They’d arm three members of the Royal Australian Artillery with machine guns. They figured those tall, flightless birds would be easy prey. They were wrong.

Remember, kids, history hoes always cite their sources! For this episode, Norm pulled from: 
Brisbane Telegraph. “Emu Butchery - Machine Gun Offensive.” November 1, 1932.
Brisbane Telegraph. “Emu Offensive - Birds More Than Hold Their Own - Setback for Gunners.” November 4, 1932.
Brisbane Telegraph. “Emu Slaughter - Machine Guns and Drive.” October 17, 1932.
Chisholm, A.H. “This Cruel Slaughter | Other Ways To Deal With Emus | Better Fences.” The Daily Telegraph, November 9, 1932.
Cook, Richard, and Srdan Jovanovic. “The Emu Strikes Back: An Inquiry into Australia’s Peculiar Military Action of 1932.” Romanian Journal of Historical Studies II, no. 1 (2019).
Crew, Bec. “The Great Emu War: In Which Some Large, Flightless Birds Unwittingly Foiled the Australian Army.” Scientific American. https://www.scientificamerican.com/blog/running-ponies/the-great-emu-war-in-which-some-large-flightless-birds-unwittingly-foiled-the-australian-army/.
Daily Commercial News. “Charge of the First Australian Emuliers!” November 16, 1932.
Daily News. “Emu Chasers Must Outstrip Peter Pan.” November 9, 1932.
Daily News. “Gunners on Wild Emu Chase.” November 4, 1932.
Newcastle Morning Herald and Miners’ Advocate. “Death to Emus | Campaign in West | Inspector To See Birds Do Not Suffer.” November 9, 1932.
Newcastle Morning Herald and Miners’ Advocate. “Destruction of Emus.” December 3, 1932.
Newcastle Morning Herald and Miners’ Advocate. “Wary Emus | Evade Machine-Guns | 1000 Rounds Fired.” November 5, 1932.
Recorder. “‘Brass Hats’ Assailed | Campion Settlers Complain of Retreat.” November 11, 1932.
Robin, Libby, Robert Heinsohn, and Leo Joseph, eds. Boom & Bust: Bird Stories for a Dry Country. CSIRO Publishing, 2009.
Singleton Argus. “Shooting of Emus | Thousands of Pounds Saved.” November 18, 1932. https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/83438322.
Stockton, Richard. “Why The Australian Army Waged The Great Emu War Of 1932 — And Lost.” All That’s Interesting, October 3, 2021. https://allthatsinteresting.com/great-emu-war.
The Canberra Times. “Emu War Again | 300 Killed in First Duel | Machine Guns Re-Issued.” November 12, 1932. https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/2317086.
The Daily Telegraph. “Emu Armistice Resented | Withdrawal of Machine Guns.” November 10, 1932.
The Daily Telegraph. “Lewis Guns Against Emus.” October 14, 1932.
The Daily Telegraph. “Not Easy to Kill Emus | A Thousand Rounds Fired, 12 Dead.” November 5, 1932.
The Daily Telegraph. “The Emu Is a Wily Bird - Gunners Get Only Dozen Victims - Ambush Fails.” November 4, 1932.
“The Emu Wars - Only a Little Hilarious | Australia Explained,” December 6, 2021. https://www.australia-explained.com.au/history-shorts/the-emu-wars-only-a-little-hilarious/.
The Evening News. “Emu War Still On | Birds Becoming Wary of Lewis Gunners.” November 22, 1932.
The Examiner. “The Emu War.” November 8, 1932.
The Kyogle Examiner. “Use Aeroplane | Fighting Emu Pest.” November 18, 1932.
The News. “Emu War Opens - Gunners Replace Boys on Cycles - Had Long Poles.” November 3, 1932.
The News. “Emu War Still On.” November 9, 1932.
The News. “Farmers Want Machine Guns to Stamp Out Emus.” October 10, 1932.
The News. “More Emus On Way | Big Flocks in Wake of Dead | Killers Busy.” November 8, 1932.
The Northern Miner. “The Emu Pest | Queensland Control.” November 23, 1932.
The Sun. “First Shot Fired in War on Emu.” November 2, 1932.
The Sun. “Herded for the Slaughter - Machine-Gunners Await Emu Flock.” October 16, 1932.
The Sun. “Honors With The Emus | Novel ‘War’ In The West.” November 6, 1932.
The Sun. “Kaiser Emu II. Wins.” November 11, 1932.
The Sun. “On ‘Spot’ - Chicago Methods - War on Emus - Machine Gunners.” October 12, 1932.
The Sun. “The Emu War | Pest Being Driven Away.” November 5, 1932.
The Sun. “Two Days’ Vigil Brings Heavy Toll of Emus.” November 7, 1932.
The Sunday Herald. “New Strategy In a War On The Emu.” July 5, 1953. https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/18516559.
The Sydney Morning Herald. “Attack on Emus - Lewis-Gunners at Work - Fleeing Mob Struck.” November 3, 1932.
The Sydney Morning Herald. “Attack on Emus - With Lewis Guns - Relatively Few Killed.” November 5, 1932.
The Sydney Morning Herald. “Timely Rainfall Ends Emu Pest.” October 18, 1932.
The West Australian. “Another Phase of the Emu Pest.” November 8, 1932. https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/32565197.
Western Australia Makes War On Emus, 1933. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y1wA0PKeJqc.
Western Mail. “Settlers Astonished.” November 17, 1932. https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/37767343.

Are you enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Then please leave us a 5-star rating and review wherever you listen to podcasts!

Are you *really* enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Well, calm down, history ho! You can get more of us on Patreon at patreon.com/oldtimeypodcast. At the $5 level, you’ll get a monthly bonus episode (with video!), access to our 90’s style chat room, plus the entire back catalog of bonus episodes from Kristin’s previous podcast, Let’s Go To Court.

Lonnie Johnson was a smart guy — a very smart guy. As a NASA engineer, he spent his days coming up with solutions to complex problems. But when he went home, Lonnie’s brain kept whirring. So, he invented. He tinkered. He imagined. The vast majority of his creations had scientific, practical purposes. But his idea for a pressurized water gun? Well, that was just pure fun.

Remember, kids, history hoes always cite their sources! For this episode, Norm pulled from:
Adams, Susan. “The Inventor Of The Super Soaker Talks About Turning Inventions Into Products And His Next Big Idea.” Forbes, March 3, 2017. https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbestreptalks/2017/03/03/the-inventor-of-the-super-soaker-talks-about-turning-inventions-into-products-and-his-next-big-idea/.
BBC News. “Lonnie Johnson: The Father of the Super Soaker.” August 15, 2016, sec. Magazine. https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-37062579.
Biography. “How Lonnie Johnson Invented the Super Soaker,” January 26, 2021. https://www.biography.com/inventors/lonnie-johnson-invent-super-soaker.
Center, Smithsonian Lemelson. “Meet Lonnie Johnson, the Man Behind the Super Soaker.” Text. Smithsonian, January 26, 2017. https://invention.si.edu/meet-lonnie-johnson-man-behind-super-soaker.
Dr. Lonnie Johnson - Engineer & Inventor of the Super Soaker | Sweet Auburn Stories - YouTube, 2023. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y1k7DhGDoqY.
Dr. Lonnie Johnson: Meet the Billion Dollar Super Soaker Inventor EP. 22 - YouTube. Vault Empowers, 2024. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WyQf6x5awfM.
“History of the Super Soaker :: :: iSoaker.Com,” n.d. http://www.isoaker.com/Info/history_supersoaker.php.
Iinex. “I Am Dr. Lonnie Johnson. NASA Rocket Scientist. Holder of over 100 Patents. Inventor of the Super Soaker. I’m Now Working on Advanced Energy Technology Solutions to Save the World. This Is My 2nd Time Doing This, so Ask Me Anything.” Reddit Post. R/IAmA, November 5, 2018. www.reddit.com/r/IAmA/comments/9ugvd7/i_am_dr_lonnie_johnson_nasa_rocket_scientist/.
Innovative Lives: Lonnie Johnson - YouTube. Lemelson Center, 2017. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZXMVACdKn3o.
IPO Education Foundation. “Lonnie Johnson, Johnson Research and Development,” October 13, 2017. https://www.ipoef.org/lonnie-johnson-johnson-research-and-development/.
Meet the Man Who Invented the Super Soaker - YouTube. Insider Tech, 2017. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-1zAO1WkG58.
Popular Mechanics. “7 Questions for Super Soaker Inventor Lonnie Johnson,” October 1, 2009. https://www.popularmechanics.com/technology/gadgets/a4335/4322161/.
Revolutionary Designs for Energy Alternatives: Lonnie Johnson at TEDxAtlanta, 2014. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9y39WNUdbkM.
Schrempp, Zach. “Lonnie Johnson (1949- ) •.” Black Past (blog), January 6, 2011. https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/johnson-lonnie-1949/.
Speaker Series: Lonnie Johnson - YouTube. USPTO, 2019. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v7yRcuhe2M8.
“The Case of the Super Soaker and the Chamber Therein | MIT Sloan,” August 7, 2024. https://mitsloan.mit.edu/ideas-made-to-matter/case-super-soaker-and-chamber-therein.
The Strong National Museum of Play. “Super Soaker,” n.d. https://www.museumofplay.org/toys/super-soaker/.

Are you enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Then please leave us a 5-star rating and review wherever you listen to podcasts!

Are you *really* enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Well, calm down, history ho! You can get more of us on Patreon at patreon.com/oldtimeypodcast. At the $5 level, you’ll get a monthly bonus episode (with video!), access to our 90’s style chat room, plus the entire back catalog of bonus episodes from Kristin’s previous podcast, Let’s Go To Court.

In the finale of our Mount Rushmore series, Mount Rushmore National Memorial gets finished. But the final product isn’t quite what Gutzon Borglum envisioned. The presidents aren’t sculpted down to their waists. There is no entablature. There is no true hall of records. There isn’t a message, written in three languages, in the hope that it’ll one day become Rosetta Stone 2: Electric Boogaloo.

And yet? It’s there! Despite the odds, four 60-foot tall faces of iconic American presidents are carved into a stolen, sacred mountain. Every year, millions of tourists make the trek to take a look.

So… how do we feel about that? Welp, as Normie C likes to say, “two things can be true!” It’s awful and awesome, beautiful and hideous, exciting and saddening.

Remember, kids, history hoes always cite their sources! For this episode, Kristin pulled from:
The book, “The Carving of Mount Rushmore,” by Rex Alan Smith
The documentary, “Mount Rushmore”
“The Sordid History of Mount Rushmore,” by Matthew Shaer for Smithsonian Magazine
“Biography: Gutzon Borglum,” PBS.org
“The heartbreaking, controversial history of Mount Rushmore,” by Amy McKeever for National Geographic
“Why Native Americans Have Protested Mount Rushmore,” by Jodi Rave for History.com
“Are treaties perpetual? United States v. Sioux Nation of Indians,” by Reid Benson for teachingamericanhistory.org
The video, “The dark history of Mount Rushmore,” for TedEd.com
“BIOGRAPHY: Native Americans and Mount Rushmore,” PBS.org
“United States v. Sioux Nation of Indians,” Encyclopedia of the Great Plains
“Who speaks for Crazy Horse,” by Brooke Jarvis for The New Yorker

Are you enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Then please leave us a 5-star rating and review wherever you listen to podcasts!

Are you *really* enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Well, calm down, history ho! You can get more of us on Patreon at patreon.com/oldtimeypodcast. At the $5 level, you’ll get a monthly bonus episode (with video!), access to our 90’s style chat room, plus the entire back catalog of bonus episodes from Kristin’s previous podcast, Let’s Go To Court.

There are so many reasons why Mount Rushmore National Monument *shouldn’t* exist. Right from the start, there was opposition. Environmentalists called the proposed monument a desecration. Native Americans rightly asserted that the Black Hills — and specifically the Six Grandfathers Mountain (aka Mount Rushmore) — was their property.

But that didn’t stop Gutzon Borglum, or his circle of high-powered supporters. Together, they pushed forward. They even manipulated a president! Thanks to a mix of hubris, luck, and money, Mount Rushmore National Monument began to take shape.

Remember, kids, history hoes always cite their sources! For this episode, Kristin pulled from:
The book, “The Carving of Mount Rushmore,” by Rex Alan Smith
The documentary, “Mount Rushmore”
“The Sordid History of Mount Rushmore,” by Matthew Shaer for Smithsonian Magazine
“Biography: Gutzon Borglum,” PBS.org
“The heartbreaking, controversial history of Mount Rushmore,” by Amy McKeever for National Geographic
“Why Native Americans Have Protested Mount Rushmore,” by Jodi Rave for History.com
“Are treaties perpetual? United States v. Sioux Nation of Indians,” by Reid Benson for teachingamericanhistory.org
“The largest mass execution in US history,” Death Penalty Information Center
The video, “The dark history of Mount Rushmore,” for TedEd.com
“BIOGRAPHY: Native Americans and Mount Rushmore,” PBS.org
“United States v. Sioux Nation of Indians,” Encyclopedia of the Great Plains

Are you enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Then please leave us a 5-star rating and review wherever you listen to podcasts!

Are you *really* enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Well, calm down, history ho! You can get more of us on Patreon at patreon.com/oldtimeypodcast. At the $5 level, you’ll get a monthly bonus episode (with video!), access to our 90’s style chat room, plus the entire back catalog of bonus episodes from Kristin’s previous podcast, Let’s Go To Court.

Before he set his sights on Mount Rushmore, sculptor Gutzon Borglum had a vision for a massive monument to the Confederacy. He figured that Stone Mountain, located just outside of Atlanta, would be the perfect spot for his magnum opus. The United Daughters of the Confederacy agreed. So did their BFFs, the KKK. For years, the project seemed to be going well. It ended in disaster.

Remember, kids, history hoes always cite their sources! For this episode, Kristin pulled from:
The book, “The Carving of Mount Rushmore,” by Rex Alan Smith
The documentary, “Mount Rushmore”
“The Sordid History of Mount Rushmore,” by Matthew Shaer for Smithsonian Magazine
“The Carving of Stone Mountain,” PBS.org
“Biography: Gutzon Borglum,” PBS.org
“Stone Mountain: A Monumental Dilemma” by Debra McKinney for the SPLC
“The heartbreaking, controversial history of Mount Rushmore,” by Amy McKeever for National Geographic
The documentary, “Monument: The Untold Story of Stone Mountain,” from the Atlanta History Center

Are you enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Then please leave us a 5-star rating and review wherever you listen to podcasts!

Are you *really* enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Well, calm down, history ho! You can get more of us on Patreon at patreon.com/oldtimeypodcast. At the $5 level, you’ll get a monthly bonus episode (with video!), access to our 90’s style chat room, plus the entire back catalog of bonus episodes from Kristin’s previous podcast, Let’s Go To Court.

In this series, we’re talking about something… pretty weird! It’s the fact that, roughly 100 years ago, a handful of people thought it’d be a really good idea to carve four gigantic faces into the side of a mountain. But why did they do it? Whose idea was it?? And finally, they were so busy asking if they could… DID THEY EVEN THINK TO ASK IF THEY SHOULD???

In this episode, we take a look at the man who designed Mount Rushmore, Gutzon Borglum. We look at his childhood, his early career, his weird sibling rivalry, and we wrap up with the strange, true story of how he almost made Mount Rushmore: Confederate Edition!

Remember, kids, history hoes always cite their sources! For this episode, Kristin pulled from:
The book, “The Carving of Mount Rushmore,” by Rex Alan Smith
The documentary, “Mount Rushmore”
“The Sordid History of Mount Rushmore,” by Matthew Shaer for Smithsonian Magazine
“The Carving of Stone Mountain,” PBS.org
“Biography: Gutzon Borglum,” PBS.org
“Biography: Mary Borglum” PBS.org
“The heartbreaking, controversial history of Mount Rushmore,” by Amy McKeever for National Geographic

Are you enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Then please leave us a 5-star rating and review wherever you listen to podcasts!

Are you *really* enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Well, calm down, history ho! You can get more of us on Patreon at patreon.com/oldtimeypodcast. At the $5 level, you’ll get a monthly bonus episode (with video!), access to our 90’s style chat room, plus the entire back catalog of bonus episodes from Kristin’s previous podcast, Let’s Go To Court.

In the History Channel’s “Hunting Hitler,” a group of experts embark on a disingenuous investigation into what became of Adolf Hitler. They consult unreliable witnesses. They make something out of nothing. They cherry pick evidence, and occasionally, they outright lie. Throughout the show, they ignore the forensic evidence, eyewitness accounts, and thorough investigations that showed what we already know — that Adolf Hitler died in the effing bunker!

“Hunting Hitler” might become Norm’s villain origin story. The show broke him. It transformed him. He is now… Evil Norm.

Remember, kids, history hoes always cite their sources! For this episode, Norm pulled from: 
Daly-Groves, Luke. Hitler’s Death: The Case against Conspiracy. Oxford: Osprey Publishing, 2019.
Joachimsthaler, Anton, and Helmut Bögler. The Last Days of Hitler: The Legends, the Evidence, the Truth. London, New York: Arms and Armour Press ; Distributed in the USA by Sterling Pub. Co., 1996.
“FBI Vault - Hitler Files,” n.d. https://vault.fbi.gov/adolf-hitler.
“Musmanno Interrogation Collection,” n.d. https://digital.library.duq.edu/digital/collection/mussinter.
Hunting Hitler. HISTORY, 2015. https://tubitv.com/tv-shows/200034727/s01-e01-the-hunt-begins.
Villa Winter Cofete. “Villa Winter Cofete,” n.d. https://www.casawintercofete.com/en/.

Are you enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Then please leave us a 5-star rating and review wherever you listen to podcasts!

Are you *really* enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Well, calm down, history ho! You can get more of us on Patreon at patreon.com/oldtimeypodcast. At the $5 level, you’ll get a monthly bonus episode (with video!), access to our 90’s style chat room, plus the entire back catalog of bonus episodes from Kristin’s previous podcast, Let’s Go To Court.

Put on your tin foil hats, kids! It’s time for “Hunting Hitler.”

In previous episodes of this series, Norm covered Hitler’s final days, his suicide, and the subsequent investigations into his death. But the fine folks from the History Channel’s “Hunting Hitler” program want you to believe that Adolf Hitler truly might have escaped the bunker, unscathed. In this episode, we don our finest tin foil hats while debunking that BS.

If you feel inspired, share a photo wearing your classiest tin foil hat on Instagram, using the hashtag #OldTimeyConspiracy. We’ll award the listener with the best tin foil a special prize!

Remember, kids, history hoes always cite their sources! For this episode, Norm pulled from:
Daly-Groves, Luke. Hitler’s Death: The Case against Conspiracy. Oxford: Osprey Publishing, 2019.
Joachimsthaler, Anton, and Helmut Bögler. The Last Days of Hitler: The Legends, the
Evidence, the Truth. London, New York: Arms and Armour Press ; Distributed in the USA by Sterling Pub. Co., 1996.
Trevor-Roper, Hugh R. The Last Days of Hitler. Seventh edition. London: Pan Books, 1995.
“FBI Vault - Hitler Files” FBI  https://vault.fbi.gov/adolf-hitler.
“The Hunt Begins.” Hunting Hitler. HISTORY, 2015. https://tubitv.com/tv-shows/200034727/s01-e01-the-hunt-begins.

Are you enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Then please leave us a 5-star rating and review wherever you listen to podcasts!

Are you *really* enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Well, calm down, history ho! You can get more of us on Patreon at patreon.com/oldtimeypodcast. At the $5 level, you’ll get a monthly bonus episode (with video!), access to our 90’s style chat room, plus the entire back catalog of bonus episodes for Kristin’s previous podcast, Let’s Go To Court.

Reports of Adolf Hitler’s death filled newspapers around the globe, but was he *really* dead? Like, for real??

Misinformation from the Soviet Union left people all over the world fearing that Hitler might have escaped the bunker. Soon, British and American intelligence stepped in to conduct their own investigations. Over time, the truth emerged. (But Hitler didn’t, because he was super dead.)

Remember, kids, history hoes always cite their sources! For this episode, Norm pulled from:
Daly-Groves, Luke. Hitler’s Death: The Case against Conspiracy. Oxford: Osprey Publishing, 2019.
Joachimsthaler, Anton, and Helmut Bögler. The Last Days of Hitler: The Legends, the Evidence, the Truth. London, New York: Arms and Armour Press ; Distributed in the USA by Sterling Pub. Co., 1996.
Petrova, Ada, and Peter Watson. The Death of Hitler: The Full Story with New Evidence from Secret Russian Archives. New York: Norton, 1995.
Riaud, Xavier. “Dental Identifications of Adolf Hitler and Eva Braun.” Journal of Dental Problems and Solutions 1, no. 1 (October 2014): 6–10.
Trevor-Roper, Hugh R. The Last Days of Hitler. Seventh edition. London: Pan Books, 1995.

Are you enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Then please leave us a 5-star rating and review wherever you listen to podcasts!

Are you *really* enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Well, calm down, history ho! You can get more of us on Patreon at patreon.com/oldtimeypodcast. At the $5 level, you’ll get a monthly bonus episode (with video!), access to our 90’s style chat room, plus the entire back catalog of bonus episodes from Kristin’s previous podcast, Let’s Go To Court.

In his final days, Adolf Hitler wallowed in self pity, sent children into war, and held tea parties into the wee hours of the morning. He also threw himself a birthday party. The guest list was a real who’s who of Most Evil Humans!

Ultimately, Hitler decided to take his ball and go home. (And by that, we of course mean that he shot himself and went to hell.)

Remember, kids, history hoes always cite their sources! For this episode, Norm pulled from: 
Daly-Groves, Luke. Hitler’s Death: The Case against Conspiracy. Oxford: Osprey Publishing, 2019.
Joachimsthaler, Anton, and Helmut Bögler. The Last Days of Hitler: The Legends, the Evidence, the Truth. London, New York: Arms and Armour Press ; Distributed in the USA by Sterling Pub. Co., 1996.
Ohler, Norman, and Shaun Whiteside. Blitzed: Drugs in the Third Reich. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2017.
Shirer, William L. The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich: A History of Nazi Germany. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2011.
Trevor-Roper, Hugh R. The Last Days of Hitler. Seventh edition. London: Pan Books, 1995.

Are you enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Then please leave us a 5-star rating and review wherever you listen to podcasts!

Are you *really* enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Well, calm down, history ho! You can get more of us on Patreon at patreon.com/oldtimeypodcast. At the $5 level, you’ll get a monthly bonus episode (with video!), access to our 90’s style chat room, plus the entire back catalog of bonus episodes for Kristin’s previous podcast, Let’s Go To Court.

The History Channel’s “Hunting Hitler” poses really stupid, already answered questions about the death of Adolf Hitler. Normie C is having none of it! In this series, Norm will cover Adolf Hitler’s final days, his suicide, and finally, Norm will address the conspiracy theories that Hitler made it out of that bunker alive.

In this episode, we learn about Hitler’s smorgasbord of medications, his legendary farts, and his firm belief that everyone thought he was super hot.

Remember, kids, history hoes always cite their sources! For this episode, Norm pulled from:
Daly-Groves, Luke. Hitler’s Death: The Case against Conspiracy. Oxford: Osprey Publishing, 2019.
Joachimsthaler, Anton, and Helmut Bögler. The Last Days of Hitler: The Legends, the Evidence, the Truth. London, New York: Arms and Armour Press ; Distributed in the USA by Sterling Pub. Co., 1996.
Ohler, Norman, and Shaun Whiteside. Blitzed: Drugs in the Third Reich. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2017.
Shirer, William L. The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich: A History of Nazi Germany. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2011.
Trevor-Roper, Hugh R. The Last Days of Hitler. Seventh edition. London: Pan Books, 1995.


Are you enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Then please leave us a 5-star rating and review wherever you listen to podcasts!

Are you *really* enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Well, calm down, history ho! You can get more of us on Patreon at patreon.com/oldtimeypodcast. At the $5 level, you’ll get a monthly bonus episode (with video!), access to our 90’s style chat room, plus the entire back catalog of bonus episodes for Kristin’s previous podcast, Let’s Go To Court.

As Lucille Ball grew older, she struggled to keep her career going. She got back into movies. She started another sitcom. But critics were cruel. In addition to critiquing her work, they critiqued her – for looking her age. By the mid-80s, she found herself on the receiving end of countless accolades and lifetime achievement awards. But Lucy wasn’t ready to throw in the towel just yet.

Remember, kids, history hoes always cite their sources! For this episode, Kristin pulled from:
“Love, Lucy,” by Lucille Ball
“The Plot Thickens” podcast from Turner Classic Movies
“The Life of Lucille Ball,” by Kathleen Brady
The documentary “Lucy and Desi”
“Ball of Fire,” by Stefan Kanfer

Are you enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Then please leave us a 5-star rating and review wherever you listen to podcasts!

Are you *really* enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Well, calm down, history ho! You can get more of us on Patreon at patreon.com/oldtimeypodcast. At the $5 level, you’ll get a monthly bonus episode (with video!), access to our 90’s style chat room, plus the entire back catalog of bonus episodes for Kristin’s previous podcast, Let’s Go To Court.

After nearly 20 years of marriage, Lucille Ball and Desi Arnaz called it quits. Their divorce was quick, but it wasn’t simple. They’d grown Desilu into a major Hollywood studio, on par with MGM, Warner Brothers and Twentieth Century Fox. In order to keep the business going, they had to work together. And when that didn’t work out, Lucy had to figure out how to be the boss.

Remember, kids, history hoes always cite their sources! For this episode, Kristin pulled from:
“Love, Lucy,” by Lucille Ball
“The Plot Thickens” podcast from Turner Classic Movies
“The Life of Lucille Ball,” by Kathleen Brady
The documentary “Lucy and Desi”
“Ball of Fire,” by Stefan Kanfer

Are you enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Then please leave us a 5-star rating and review wherever you listen to podcasts!

Are you *really* enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Well, calm down, history ho! You can get more of us on Patreon at patreon.com/oldtimeypodcast. At the $5 level, you’ll get a monthly bonus episode (with video!), access to our 90’s style chat room, plus the entire back catalog of bonus episodes for Kristin’s previous podcast, Let’s Go To Court.

Lucille Ball had everything she’d ever wanted. She had the #1 show on television. She had a family. She had money. But Lucy was waiting for the other shoe to drop. And in the spring of 1952, it did. FBI agents showed up at her door, wanting to know about her relationship to the communist party.

Remember, kids, history hoes always cite their sources! For this episode, Kristin pulled from:
“Love, Lucy,” by Lucille Ball
“The Plot Thickens” podcast from Turner Classic Movies
“The Life of Lucille Ball,” by Kathleen Brady
The documentary “Lucy and Desi”

Are you enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Then please leave us a 5-star rating and review wherever you listen to podcasts!

Are you *really* enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Well, calm down, history ho! You can get more of us on Patreon at patreon.com/oldtimeypodcast. At the $5 level, you’ll get a monthly bonus episode (with video!), access to our 90’s style chat room, plus the entire back catalog of bonus episodes for Kristin’s previous podcast, Let’s Go To Court.

Lucille Ball and Desi Arnaz had a goal – to star in a TV show as husband and wife. But there were about a million obstacles in their way. For one thing, CBS didn’t want to buy a TV show that featured an interracial couple. Major companies didn’t want to sponsor the show for that same reason.

There was even a battle over where to film the show. In these negotiations, Desi proved himself to be a savvy negotiator and a shrewd businessman. He knew when to be tough. He knew when to flatter. And he knew to hire the right people and get out of their way.

When they created “I Love Lucy,” Lucy and Desi knew they were breaking new ground. But no one could have imagined the phenomenon that it would become.

Remember, kids, history hoes always cite their sources! For this episode, Kristin pulled from:
“Love, Lucy,” by Lucille Ball
“The Plot Thickens” podcast from Turner Classic Movies
“The Life of Lucille Ball,” by Kathleen Brady
The documentary “Lucy and Desi”

Are you enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Then please leave us a 5-star rating and review wherever you listen to podcasts!

Are you *really* enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Well, calm down, history ho! You can get more of us on Patreon at patreon.com/oldtimeypodcast. At the $5 level, you’ll get a monthly bonus episode (with video!), access to our 90’s style chat room, plus the entire back catalog of bonus episodes for Kristin’s previous podcast, Let’s Go To Court.

Lucille Ball wanted it all. She wanted to become an A-list actress. She wanted to have children. She wanted a happy marriage. But if the 1940s taught her anything, it was that she wasn’t in control.

Her husband, Desi Arnaz, cheated on her constantly. They wanted children together, but suffered several miscarriages. By the end of the decade, Lucy’s only unequivocal professional success was a comedy radio show called “My Favorite Husband.” The network wanted to rework the show for a new thing called television, but Lucy wasn’t so sure.

Remember, kids, history hoes always cite their sources! For this episode, Kristin pulled from:
“Love, Lucy,” by Lucille Ball
“The Plot Thickens” podcast from Turner Classic Movies
“The Life of Lucille Ball,” by Kathleen Brady

Are you enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Then please leave us a 5-star rating and review wherever you listen to podcasts!

Are you *really* enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Well, calm down, history ho! You can get more of us on Patreon at patreon.com/oldtimeypodcast. At the $5 level, you’ll get a monthly bonus episode (with video!), access to our 90’s style chat room, plus the entire back catalog of bonus episodes for Kristin’s previous podcast, Let’s Go To Court.

Lucille Ball arrived in Hollywood ready to work. She honed her craft. She made powerful friends. She got bigger and bigger roles. 

Soon, she became known as the queen of the b’s. As in, queen of b-movies. Critics spotted her talent, but noted that poorly written scripts and low budget films were holding her back. Nevertheless, Lucy persisted.

And then, one day on set, Lucy met a handsome young musician named Desi Arnaz. Their chemistry was undeniable, but no one thought their romance stood a chance.

Remember, kids, history hoes always cite their sources! For this episode, Kristin pulled from:
The book, “Lucille: The Life of Lucille Ball” by Kathleen Brady
“The Plot Thickens” podcast from Turner Classic Movies
American Masters episode, “Finding Lucy”

Are you enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Then please leave us a 5-star rating and review wherever you listen to podcasts!

Are you *really* enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Well, calm down, history ho! You can get more of us on Patreon at patreon.com/oldtimeypodcast. At the $5 level, you’ll get a monthly bonus episode (with video!), access to our 90’s style chat room, plus the entire back catalog of bonus episodes for Kristin’s previous podcast, Let’s Go To Court.

Lucille Ball was a legendary comedian. She was a studio executive. Together with her real-life husband, Lucy created the modern sitcom.

…but let’s not get ahead of ourselves. In this episode, we’ll focus on Lucy’s tumultuous childhood and the years she spent struggling to get into showbusiness.

Remember, kids, history hoes always cite their sources! For this episode, Kristin pulled from:
The book, “Lucille: The Life of Lucille Ball” by Kathleen Brady
“The Plot Thickens” podcast from turner classic movies
American Masters episode, “Finding Lucy” 

Are you enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Then please leave us a 5-star rating and review wherever you listen to podcasts!

Are you *really* enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Well, calm down, history ho! You can get more of us on Patreon at patreon.com/oldtimeypodcast. At the $5 level, you’ll get a monthly bonus episode (with video!), access to our 90’s style chat room, plus the entire back catalog of bonus episodes for Kristin’s previous podcast, Let’s Go To Court.

He led a massacre. He led a raid. And now, in the final episode of this series, anti-slavery crusader John Brown goes on trial. His trial had everything – peanut shells, a cozy cot, and not a speck of justice in sight. In John Brown’s final act, he became a martyr. 

Remember, kids, history hoes always cite their sources! For this episode, Norm pulled from:
“Midnight Rising: John Brown and the Raid That Sparked the Civil War” by Tony Horwitz
“To Purge This Land With Blood: A Biography of John Brown” by Stephen Oates
Famous Trials - John Brown https://www.famous-trials.com/johnbrown
The John Brown Online Exhibit -  West Virginia Archives & History - https://archive.wvculture.org/history/jbexhibit/jbintroduction.html

Are you enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Then please leave us a 5-star rating and review wherever you listen to podcasts!

Are you *really* enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Well, calm down, history ho! You can get more of us on Patreon at patreon.com/oldtimeypodcast. At the $5 level, you’ll get a monthly bonus episode (with video!), access to our 90’s style chat room, plus the entire back catalog of bonus episodes for Kristin’s previous podcast, Let’s Go To Court.

In part three of Norm’s coverage of John Brown, shit *officially* hits the fan. After years of planning, John Brown leads his men in a raid on the federal armory at Harpers Ferry, Virginia. Things quickly go awry. They shoot an innocent man. They get outnumbered. But John Brown refuses to back down.

Remember, kids, history hoes always cite their sources! For this episode, Norm pulled from:
“Midnight Rising: John Brown and the Raid That Sparked the Civil War” by Tony Horwitz
“To Purge This Land With Blood: A Biography of John Brown” by Stephen Oates
“Five for Freedom: The African American Soldiers in John Brown’s Army” by Eugene L. Meyer
The John Brown Online Exhibit -  West Virginia Archives & History - https://archive.wvculture.org/history/jbexhibit/jbintroduction.html

Are you enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Then please leave us a 5-star rating and review wherever you listen to podcasts!

Are you *really* enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Well, calm down, history ho! You can get more of us on Patreon at patreon.com/oldtimeypodcast. At the $5 level, you’ll get a monthly bonus episode (with video!), access to our 90’s style chat room, plus the entire back catalog of bonus episodes for Kristin’s previous podcast, Let’s Go To Court.

Welcome back to part two of Norm’s coverage of famed anti-slavery crusader, John Brown. In this episode, John and his squad prepare for their infamous raid on Harpers Ferry. In the leadup to the attack, John dodges saboteurs, refuses to compromise, and bores the ever-loving shit out of Frederick Douglass. Plus, he comes up with a cool new invention - a knife on a stick!

Remember, kids, history hoes always cite their sources! For this episode, Norm pulled from: 
“Midnight Rising: John Brown and the Raid That Sparked the Civil War” by Tony Horwitz
“To Purge This Land With Blood: A Biography of John Brown” by Stephen Oates
“Bleeding Kansas: Contested Liberty in the Civil War Era” by Nicole Etcheson
Civil War on the Western Border - https://civilwaronthewesternborder.org/
Kansas Historical Society - https://www.kshs.org/kansapedia/john-brown/11731

Are you enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Then please leave us a 5-star rating and review wherever you listen to podcasts!

Are you *really* enjoying An Old Timey Podcast? Well, calm down, history ho! You can get more of us on Patreon at patreon.com/oldtimeypodcast. At the $5 level, you’ll get a monthly bonus episode (with video!), access to our 90’s style chat room, plus the entire back catalog of bonus episodes for Kristin’s previous podcast, Let’s Go To Court.

Good history hoes probably think they know about Carry Nation. She was the woman who busted into saloons with a hatchet and smashed everything to booze-soaked bits! In fact, she liked smashing up bars so much that she did it again. And again! And again!!

People called her crazy! And ugly! And tall! …which we all can agree is equally bad!(?) 

In this episode, Kristin posits that Carry A. Nation deserves more respect than she has been given. Then again, in this episode, Kristin also tries to sell you a bubble mailer full of pig butter. So… should you really listen to anything she says?

Remember, kids, history hos always cite their sources! For this episode, Kristin pulled from:
“Carry A. Nation: Retelling the Life,” by Fran Grace
“Smashing the Liquor Machine: A Global History of Prohibition,” by Mark Lawrence Schrad
“The Use and Need of the life of Carry A. Nation,” written by Carry A. Nation in 1905.
“Carry A. Nation,” Kansas Historical Society website
“Carry A. Nation,” Historic Missourians
“Activist Carry Nation used a hatchet to smash booze bottles before prohibition,” by Erin Blakemore for History.com
“Hatchet Nation,” by Mark Lawrence Schrad for Slate
“Carry Nation,” clip from the documentary Prohibition

To get bonus episodes of the show, watch videos of the full recording, or just chill with us in Discord, support us on Patreon! By signing up, you'll get immediate access to all of the bonus episodes and videos from Kristin's previous podcast, Let's Go To Court!

Clear everything off your calendar — this episode is a MEATY BOY! Norm kicks off our first episode by introducing himself as my lover/husband, then launches into a veeerrry deep dive into famed anti-slavery crusader, John Brown. You’ll laugh! You’ll get uncomfy! You might even get a lil’ turned on, imagining John Brown on the cover of Threatening Boyz magazine!

And if you want to learn more about John Brown, you’re in luck. This episode is just about the rise of John Brown. Norm will cover John Brown’s raid at Harpers Ferry, and his subsequent execution, in episode three.

Remember, kids, history hoes always cite their sources! For this episode, Norm pulled from:
“Midnight Rising: John Brown and the Raid That Sparked the Civil War” by Tony Horwitz
“To Purge This Land With Blood: A Biography of John Brown” by Stephen Oates
“Bleeding Kansas: Contested Liberty in the Civil War Era” by Nicole Etcheson
Civil War on the Western Border - https://civilwaronthewesternborder.org/
Kansas Historical Society - https://www.kshs.org/kansapedia/john-brown/11731


To get bonus episodes of the show, watch videos of the full recording, or just chill with us in Discord, support us on Patreon! By signing up, you'll get immediate access to all of the bonus episodes and videos from Kristin's previous podcast, Let's Go To Court!