Everything is Public Health

The Socialist Snowplow meme.

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References: 
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/it-wasnt-always-citys-job-remove-snow-180949796/
https://www.environmentalgeography.net/2016/02/socialist-snow-removal.html
https://www.washingtonpost.com/weather/2019/04/24/study-rain-increases-risk-fatal-car-crashes-by-percent/
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2012-01-26/how-we-plowed-before-snow-plows-were-invented
https://www.marketplace.org/2014/02/14/brief-history-snow-removal/

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What is public housing? And why is it not housing first?

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Photo by Alex on Unsplash
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References:
https://www.usa.gov/public-housing
https://www.cbpp.org/research/policy-basics-introduction-to-public-housing
https://homesnow.org/short-history-of-public-housing-in-the-us-1930s-present/
https://nurseledcare.phmc.org/advocacy/policy-blog/item/641-a-brief-history-of-housing-policy-in-the-u-s.html
https://nlihc.org/resource/public-housing-history
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Section_8_(housing)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subsidized_housing_in_the_United_States#Public_policy_and_implications
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affordable_housing_in_the_United_States
https://citylimits.org/2022/09/21/opinion-americas-public-housing-as-told-by-those-who-live-there/

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Why labor rights is inseparable with public health.

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Photo by Joshua Olsen on Unsplash
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References: 

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What is a transit apartheid and why is that term better than transit desert?

Special Guest: Dr. Erica Twardzik

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References:
Dr. Diane Allen text:  https://www.routledge.com/Lost-in-the-Transit-Desert-Race-Transit-Access-and-Suburban-Form/Jones-Allen/p/book/9780367207823
Food apartheid:  https://www.theguardian.com/society/2018/may/15/food-apartheid-food-deserts-racism-inequality-america-karen-washington-interview
Food apartheid:  https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277953622005275
It’s Transportation for All of Us (ITS4US): https://its.dot.gov/its4us/htm/overview.htm
Dr. Chandra Ford and colleagues text: https://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/book/10.2105/9780875533049
Public Transit Disability Dashboard: https://disabilityhealth.jhu.edu/transitdashboard/
https://www.americanbar.org/groups/crsj/publications/human_rights_magazine_home/human_rights_vol34_2007/summer2007/hr_summer07_bujoto/

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Pasteurization is great! Raw milk on the other hand, not so much.

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Photo Credit:
Photo by Jack Cole on Unsplash
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References: 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasteurization
https://www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/rawmilk/raw-milk-questions-and-answers.html
https://www.fda.gov/food/buy-store-serve-safe-food/raw-milk-misconceptions-and-danger-raw-milk-consumption
https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/drinking-raw-milk#claimed-benefits
https://www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/rawmilk/nonpasteurized-outbreaks-maps.html

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When we see guns being purchased in media, what message are those scenes sending?

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Photo by Jason Dent on Unsplash
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Use of audio from TV shows falls under fair use. 

References: 
https://www.kansascity.com/opinion/readers-opinion/guest-commentary/article285702091.html

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Sunscreen! It protects your skin!

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Photo by Philippe Murray-Pietsch on Unsplash
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References:
https://www.skincancer.org/skin-cancer-information/skin-cancer-facts/
https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/causes-of-cancer/sun-uv-and-cancer/how-does-the-sun-and-uv-cause-cancer
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunscreen

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Nixon vetoed the Comprehensive Child Development Act. Because helping kids is not American enough.

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References: 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moral_panic
https://www.congress.gov/bill/93rd-congress/house-bill/1083
https://time.com/6125667/universal-childcare-history-nixon-veto/
https://time.com/child-care-crisis/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moral_panic

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Why making spaces more accessible benefits everyone.

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References:
https://www.aucd.org/docs/add/sa_summits/Language%20Doc.pdf
https://www.courts.ca.gov/partners/documents/7-terminology.pdf
https://webapps.dol.gov/dolfaq/go-dol-faq.asp?faqid=67
https://www.ada.gov/topics/intro-to-ada/
https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2023/07/24/8-facts-about-americans-with-disabilities/
https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/disabilityandhealth/infographic-disability-impacts-all.html

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EDIT: There were multiple mistakes we made in this episode that we want to amend: 

• We did not use appropriate people first language when discussing STIs, this is our mistake. When discussing topics like STI we should always default to people first language to avoid stigmatization. 
• HIV can be treated to undetectable viral loads, which also means they cannot transmit the virus in this state. 
• Using the term "infected" and "carrier" for people living or diagnosed with HIV is stigmatizing and problematic (see people first language). 

Thank you to the listener who pointed this out! We are always open to learning and becoming better. The audio of the episode has been edited as well, hence the abrupt cuts at certain points. Apologies for the inaccurate information. We also want to recognize the important activism of people living with HIV, which transformed our public health and healthcare system.

Sexually Transmitted Infections are a public health concern!

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Photo by Testalize.me on Unsplash
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References: 
https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/risk/art/index.html
https://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/31683/1/HIV-Terminology-Appropriate-Language-Guidelines-V1.0-01-2020.pdf
https://www.plannedparenthood.org/blog/sti-vs-std-whats-the-difference
https://www.cdc.gov/std/general/default.htm
https://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/newsroom/docs/factsheets/std-trends-508.pdf
https://clsjournal.ascls.org/content/30/2/124
https://www.who.int/news/item/02-09-2022-stis-in-2022-emerging-and-re-emerging-outbreaks
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9282687/

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What does the current climate crisis have to do with insects and what do insects have to do with public health?

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References:
https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2023/12/15/1219478835/arboviruses-mosquito-tick-borne-viruses-tropical-disease
https://www.si.edu/spotlight/buginfo/diseases
https://entomologytoday.org/2023/12/14/new-study-expands-knowledge-kissing-bug-range-missouri-illinois-chagas-disease/
https://cmns.umd.edu/news-events/news/entomologists-issue-warning-about-effects-climate-change-insects
https://www.fs.usda.gov/ccrc/topics/insect-disturbance-and-climate-change
https://www.cdc.gov/westnile/statsmaps/historic-data.html
https://www.cdc.gov/dengue/statistics-maps/historic-data.html

Photo Credit:
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Sometimes, what patients need is beyond the medical setting. Sometimes, what patients need is just...food. What is Food is Medicine?

Special Guest: Holly Freishtat, Senior Director Feeding Change

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References:
 https://milkeninstitute.org/programs/feeding-change
https://health.gov/our-work/nutrition-physical-activity/food-medicine
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7322667/ 

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British Panel Show, Thanksgiving, D&D, Urbanism Twitter drama, and the ethics of leaving versus staying.

For the picture of the tweet that started the drama, see our Patreon Page!

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Where does the poop go? If we don't fix our infrastructure soon, it may go everywhere.

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References: 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_the_United_States

https://www.epa.gov/npdes/municipal-wastewater

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1257666/

https://www3.epa.gov/npdes/pubs/bastre.pdf

https://grist.org/cities/cities-are-investing-billions-in-new-sewage-systems-theyre-already-obsolete/

https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/09/americas-sewage-crisis-public-health/405541/

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School lunches are so important. Which is why it's a tragedy when we do school lunches poorly.

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References:
https://apnews.com/article/free-school-meals-0c927f491b2ee9d4ce7e04b44da79e51#:~:text=Minnesota%2C%20New%20Mexico%2C%20Colorado%2C,footsteps%20of%20California%20and%20Maine.

https://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/27/sunday-review/why-students-hate-school-lunches.html

https://www.greenmatters.com/food/school-lunches-america#:~:text=Each%20school%20only%20gets%20about,quality%20proteins%2C%20and%20whole%20grains.

https://www.ers.usda.gov/topics/food-nutrition-assistance/child-nutrition-programs/national-school-lunch-program/

https://www.fns.usda.gov/nslp

https://schoolnutrition.org/about-school-meals/school-meal-statistics/#participation

https://archive.attn.com/stories/6464/best-and-worst-school-lunches-united-states

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A deep dive into the messed up world of dialysis in America.

Special Guest:
Tom Mueller
Author of "How to Make A Killing: Blood, Death, and Dollars in American Medicine "
http://www.tommueller.co/about

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What does your local health department do? SO MANY THINGS!

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Women only spaces, gender-neutral bathrooms, TERFS, and Transphobia.

CORRECTION: The term we used in this episode "people who identify as women" is inappropriate and the term we should have used is trans-women or cis-women. Our apologies! This is a learning process for us as well, and we always welcome constructive conversations to help with our understanding -MJ

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One of the most heartbreaking supreme court cases.

Resources:
https://www.thehotline.org/resources/protective-restraining-orders/
https://www.womenslaw.org/laws/general/restraining-orders
 National Sexual Assault Hotline: 1-800-656-4673
https://www.rainn.org/national-resources-sexual-assault-survivors-and-their-loved-ones
https://www.nsvrc.org/survivors
https://sakitta.org/survivors/

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Photo by Jack le roux on Unsplash
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References:
https://www.womenslaw.org/laws/general/restraining-orders
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Town_of_Castle_Rock_v._Gonzales
https://www.oyez.org/cases/2004/04-278

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Ask less what she was doing ask more why was he violent.

Resources:
National Sexual Assault Hotline: 1-800-656-4673
https://www.rainn.org/national-resources-sexual-assault-survivors-and-their-loved-ones
https://www.nsvrc.org/survivors
https://sakitta.org/survivors/

-o-
Email: [email protected]   
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References: 
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2021/mar/19/women-harmed-every-day-invisible-men
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2021/mar/18/atlanta-spa-shootings-men-rage-sex-addiction
https://www.rainn.org/statistics/victims-sexual-violence
https://www.rainn.org/statistics/campus-sexual-violence
https://www.guernicamag.com/rebecca-solnit-a-rape-a-minute-a-thousand-corpses-a-year/
https://www.vox.com/2014/10/15/18088608/campus-sexual-assault-title-ix

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Wildfires are getting much more devastating and dangerous. And it's our fault, both the direct cause and the climate crisis. What can we do to prevent them?

Donate to Maui Fire Relief. The more direct the donations the better, avoid large scale charities.

Yes, it's Smokey Bear, not Smokey the Bear.

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Stop trying to dismantle our public goods!

NOAA, or the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, is one of those monolith of a government organization that is silently a part of our lives but we never notice. Everything that is even slightly related to weather or climate is probably related to NOAA.

As we break all the heat records and witness climate catastrophes, remember we need to both change our own action AND work to hold those big corporations responsible. Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, Upcycle, reject consumerism, and remember that as long as everyone try their best, we are making a difference.

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Resident Evil 2 (remake) and it's complete lack of any public health infrastructure. 

Popular media is important. They form our perspectives and possibly affect our behavior. What happens when we view our favorite popular media through the lens of Public Health? What can we learn? 

Announcing a new series! First entry drops in a month or so! 

Season 4 next week! 

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A throw back episode to one of my favorite episode from season 1! 

The longer essay episode is a bit delayed and will be released next week. 

Season 4 is just around the corner!

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What does Public Health need?

Please let me know if you've heard any of those awards. 

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What does The Barbie Movie have to do with public health? 

SPOILERS FOR THE BARBIE MOVIE in here.

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A special crossover episode between Everything is Public Health and the former Datatudes Podcast! 

The world is full of continuous variables that we are forced to put into buckets or find a cutoff for. Sometimes it's innocuous, sometimes these decisions have great consequences.  

Guest: Elizabeth 

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John Green, Tuberculosis, and  Bedaquiline: a hot but common take on big pharma and its flaws. 

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References: 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eywz5xYuNPo

https://www.msf.org/6-things-big-pharma-doesn%E2%80%99t-want-you-know-access-medicines

https://www.reuters.com/legal/litigation/johnson-johnson-sues-researchers-who-linked-talc-cancer-2023-07-13/

https://www.statnews.com/2023/07/14/tb-drug-bedaquiline-johnson-and-johnson-john-green/

https://www.msf.org/johnson-johnson-must-halve-price-lifesaving-tb-drug-bedaquiline 

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Public restrooms, a Broadway Musical, and who can exist where.

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Threads: Everything is Public Health
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References:
https://www.nytimes.com/2023/03/22/business/public-restrooms-bathrooms-us-city.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Nevil_Maskelyne

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pay_toilet#History

https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/649324/pay-toilet-history

https://time.com/92865/un-one-billion-people-still-poop-in-public/

https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2021-11-05/why-american-cities-lost-their-public-bathrooms

https://scrippsnews.com/stories/why-public-bathrooms-are-so-rare-in-america/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urinetown

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Still working on this month's long essay episode which will be out (hopefully) next week so in the mean time here's a mini episode of MJ's hot take on a piece of current event!

Student for Fair Admission v. Harvard struck down Affirmative Action and that is a bad thing because meritocracy is a myth.

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Articles:
https://www.npr.org/2023/07/02/1183981097/affirmative-action-asian-americans-poc

https://apnews.com/article/legacy-admissions-affirmative-action-colleges-4a4e1191274e91e695e0631ff5156875

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A special crossover episode between Everything is Public Health and the former Datatudes Podcast! 

Often in Public Health, data is hard to come by. The ideal data often time is out of reach. So what can we do data science wise? 

Guest: Elizabeth 

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Family caregivers and unpaid caregivers form the backbone of our healthcare system for our aged population, providing billions of dollars worth of services. How can be better support them?

Special Guest: Dr. Chanee Fabius
Assistant Professor Bloomberg School of Public Health

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Photo Credit:
Photo by David Sinclair on Unsplash
https://unsplash.com/photos/Jrzz1tymfgc?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditShareLink

References:
https://www.seniorliving.org/nursing-homes/costs/

https://www.payingforseniorcare.com/homecare

https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/invisible-work-toll-among-family-unpaid-caregivers

https://www.aarp.org/caregiving/financial-legal/info-2023/unpaid-caregivers-provide-billions-in-care.html

https://www.cdc.gov/aging/caregiving/index.htm

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The many parts of Medicare and why they came to be this way.

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Photo Credit:
Photo by Dominik Lange on Unsplash
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References:
https://www.kff.org/medicare/issue-brief/an-overview-of-medicare/

https://www.medicare.gov/basics/get-started-with-medicare/medicare-basics/parts-of-medicare

https://www.kff.org/medicare/

https://www.kff.org/medicare/issue-brief/what-to-know-about-medicare-spending-and-financing/

https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Coordination-of-Benefits-and-Recovery/Coordination-of-Benefits-and-Recovery-Overview/Medicare-Secondary-Payer/Medicare-Secondary-Payer

https://www.healthaffairs.org/doi/abs/10.1377/hlthaff.9.3.75?journalCode=hlthaff

https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2021/11/11/1054281885/medicare-advantage-overcharges-exploding

https://www.kff.org/medicare/fact-sheet/an-overview-of-the-medicare-part-d-prescription-drug-benefit/

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Does the US actually care about its aged population? Perhaps not as much as you think.
Also, population pyramids.

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Photo Credit:
Photo by Bruno Aguirre on Unsplash
https://unsplash.com/photos/uLMEcr1O-1I?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditShareLink

References:
https://www.americashealthrankings.org/explore/senior/measure/pct_65plus/state/ALL

https://www.populationpyramid.net/world/2023/\

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK235450/

https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2018/01/30/majorities-say-government-does-too-little-for-older-people-the-poor-and-the-middle-class/

https://www.census.gov/library/stories/2021/10/what-happens-when-older-adults-struggle-to-make-ends-meet.html

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The pioneer of occupational health, keeping workers healthy and safe since the early 20th century. 

Dr. Alice Hamilton

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Photo Credit:
https://loc.getarchive.net/media/dr-alice-hamilton
http://www.loc.gov/

References: 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alice_Hamilton

https://cfmedicine.nlm.nih.gov/physicians/biography_137.html

https://www.acs.org/education/whatischemistry/landmarks/alicehamilton.html

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We talk about "public goods" all the time on this show. What should and shouldn't be a public good?

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Today we cover one of the most important figures of public health, a pioneer of injury prevention science, Dr. Susan Baker.

Photo Credit:
Photo by Alexandria Gilliott on Unsplash
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References:
https://publichealth.jhu.edu/faculty/32/susan-baker
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susan_Pardee_Baker
https://journals.lww.com/jtrauma/Citation/1974/03000/The_Injury_Severity_Score__A_Method_for_Describing.1.aspx

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Surgery may seem like the most medical thing and furthest from the realm of public health, but as we know, everything is public health.

Special Guest:
Dr.  Molly Jarman
Lead Investigator, Center for Surgery and Public Health
Injury Prevention Program Director, Stepping Strong Center for Trauma Innovation
Assistant Professor of Surgery, Harvard Medical School

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Photo by Piron Guillaume on Unsplash
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A conversation about one of the biggest philosophical problems in public health.

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Photo by Elena Mozhvilo on Unsplash
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How do you even define rurality?

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Photo Credit:
Photo by Nathan Anderson on Unsplash
https://unsplash.com/photos/sSN3kRQ-TO0?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditShareLink

References: 
https://www.hrsa.gov/rural-health/about-us/what-is-rural
https://www.census.gov/library/stories/2017/08/rural-america.html
https://www.cdc.gov/ruralhealth/about.html
https://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/rural-urban-commuting-area-codes/
https://www.pewresearch.org/social-trends/2018/05/22/demographic-and-economic-trends-in-urban-suburban-and-rural-communities/
https://www.hhs.gov/guidance/document/defining-rural-population

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Check out MJ's other podcast Datatude here: 
https://datatude.buzzsprout.com/

New episode next week! Stay tuned! 

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The biggest piece of the US healthcare coverage jigsaw puzzle.

***EDIT: In the show I believe I said we spend more money on Medicaid than Medicare. This is slightly in accurate, depending on how you calculate spending. If we are just looking at federal spending, Medicare is the bigger piece.
https://www.medicaid.gov/state-overviews/scorecard/annual-medicaid-chip-expenditures/index.html

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Photo by Andrik Langfield on Unsplash
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Why do we treat food, something we need in order to live, something that needs to be deserved?

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Picture Credit:
Photo by Dennis Siqueira on Unsplash
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References
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supplemental_Nutrition_Assistance_Program#History

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WIC#History

https://dhs.maryland.gov/supplemental-nutrition-assistance-program/eligibility-rules/

https://www.hhs.texas.gov/services/food/snap-food-benefits

https://www.cdss.ca.gov/inforesources/cdss-programs/calfresh/eligibility-and-issuance-requirements

https://fns-prod.azureedge.us/sites/default/files/resource-files/SNAPsummary-2.pdf

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Earned Income Tax Credit (the refundable portion), Supplemental Security Income (not social security!), and the Temporary Assistance for Needy Family program are all programs that provide cash to people in need. Or, sort of. Kind of. Okay, not really. 

The first part of our Public Health Explained mini-series about the components of our welfare system. 

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Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/everythingispublichealth  
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Photo credit:
Photo by StellrWeb on Unsplash
https://unsplash.com/photos/djb1whucfBY?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditShareLink

References:
https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2017/08/07/541609649/how-to-fix-poverty-why-not-just-give-people-money
https://www.ssa.gov/sf/FactSheets/aianssavsssifinalrev.pdf
https://www.ssa.gov/ssi/text-eligibility-ussi.htm
https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/briefing-book/what-earned-income-tax-credit
https://federalsafetynet.com/welfare-budget/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earned_income_tax_credit
https://www.acf.hhs.gov/ofa/programs/tanf/about
https://www.cbpp.org/research/family-income-support/temporary-assistance-for-needy-families

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What is welfare exactly? And why is it important? In the first episode of season 3 we examine the controversial topic that is the center of many debates and perhaps. 

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Twitter: EverythingisPH 

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Photo Credit: 

Photo by youssef naddam on Unsplash

https://unsplash.com/photos/iJ2IG8ckCpA?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditShareLink

References: 

https://www.usa.gov/benefits

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_programs_in_the_United_States

https://www.investopedia.com/terms/w/welfare.asp

https://www.ssa.gov/ssi/text-over-ussi.htm

https://www.npr.org/series/541581249/-nostringscash

https://basicincometoday.com/how-basic-income-prevents-violence/

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This marks the end of season 2! We have many changes and new ideas planned for season 3, stay tuned! 

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In this episode of the public health explained, we talk about the important process of sampling in research. What are the different ways of sampling. How do we make sure that the sample we select out of the population is representative? What's the implication of a good sampling methodology?

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There's a lot of misconceptions about addiction and substance use disorder. Let's talk about them.

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Email: [email protected]       
Twitter: EverythingisPH 

Photo Credit:
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We didn't forget the other study designs we didn't cover in previous episodes! In this episode we talk about the case study, the case series, the longitudinal study, and the cross sectional study.

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Medical debt is a big problem that affects millions of Americans, which raises the question: Why is healthcare so expensive in this country? 

Perhaps we are asking the question from the wrong perspective.

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Photo Credit:
Photo by Alexander Grey on Unsplash
https://unsplash.com/photos/tn57JI3CewI?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditShareLink

References: 
https://www.kff.org/health-costs/report/kff-health-care-debt-survey/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5394555/

https://www.investopedia.com/articles/personal-finance/080615/6-reasons-healthcare-so-expensive-us.asp

https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2020/05/feature-forum-costliest-health-care

https://www.vox.com/videos/2017/12/1/16720076/american-health-care-expensive-prices-insurance

https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2019/12/17/21024614/us-health-care-costs-medical-prices

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Happy Holidays Listeners! In this fireside chat episode, we discuss a bit about what finding a career in public health is like.

Stay safe out there!

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What is the Nudge principle? And how can we apply it to help people make better choices?

References:
Nudge by Richard Thaler and Cass Sunstein

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Photo by Tim Johnson on Unsplash
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The "gold standard" of study design, the Randomized Controlled Trial. What is it, and is it really the gold standard?

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Traffic Deaths are preventable.

Links:
https://visionzeronetwork.org/
https://www.nhtsa.gov/press-releases/early-estimate-2021-traffic-fatalities
https://www.npr.org/2022/08/25/1119110757/traffic-deaths-car-accident-hoboken-new-jersey-vision-zero?utm_source=npr_newsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_content=20220828&utm_term=7170316&utm_campaign=best-of-npr&utm_id=58868046&orgid=725&utm_att1=

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Happy Thanksgiving Everyone! Join us by the fire as we chat about our experience applying to public health schools and some of the dos and don'ts of applications! 

Helpful Resources for applying to a public health program: 
https://sophas.org/
https://aspph.org/

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Our hot takes and chats about diet fads and this never ending attempt to find the single "magic bullet" solution to all of our nutritional issues. 

Edit: Nutritionism is credited to Gyorgy Scrinis, not Michael Pollan. Yes we are aware that Michael Pollan is problematic.

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There are things beyond calories that we must get from our food. Essential fatty acids, amino acids, vitamins and minerals! And what did they do to bread that made it just a block of nutrition-less carbs?

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Twitter: EverythingisPH
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Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/everythingispublichealth 
Email: [email protected]       

Photo Credit:
Photo by Graphy Co on Unsplash
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The cousin of sensitivity and specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value is a powerful measure of a diagnostic test. 

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Twitter: EverythingisPH
Instagram: Everything is Public Health 
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Email: [email protected]      

Resources: 
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4608333/
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Calculation-of-PPV-sensitivity-specificity-NPV-and-stroke-prevalence-PPV-positive_fig6_281682446

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Why is vision insurance separate from health insurance?

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Twitter: EverythingisPH
Instagram: Everything is Public Health
Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/everythingispublichealth 
Email: [email protected]     

Photo Credit:
Photo by David Travis on Unsplash
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Resources: 
https://melmagazine.com/en-us/story/health-dental-vision-insurance

https://www.cdc.gov/visionhealth/basics/ced/fastfacts.htm

https://www.cdc.gov/visionhealth/risk/burden.htm

https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/visual-impairment-blindness-cases-us-expected-double-2050

https://nanodropper.com/why-vision-isnt-covered-in-your-health-insurance-and-the-inequities-its-causing/

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We all had our fair share of COVID tests by now. When it comes to testing, what is sensitivity and specificity referring to?

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Why don't they leave? (They do, but sometimes they can't) Why don't they call the police? (It's complicated).

Special Guest:
Dr. April Zeoli PhD, MPH
Associate Professor
Institute for Firearm Injury Prevention
Dept. of Health Management & Policy
School of Public Health
University of Michigan

Resources:
National Domestic Violence Hotline: 800-799-7233
https://www.thehotline.org/

References:
https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/oct/26/domestic-abuse-gun-violence-reveal?utm_term=308a1deb167b5b0581ba78959534a865&utm_campaign=GuardianTodayUS&utm_source=esp&utm_medium=Email&CMP=GTUS_email
https://ncadv.org/STATISTICS
https://ncadv.org/2022DVAM
https://nnedv.org/content/week-action-2022/

Photo by Maxim Hopman on Unsplash
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Another episode of Public Health Explained is here! This time, we take a look at the Cohort Study and how it can be used to gather important public health data.

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Sounds and noise are all around us. How does that affect our health? 

Special Guest: Dr. Richard Neitzel, PhD, MS, CIH, FAIHA
Professor, Environmental Health Sciences
Associate Director, Global Public Health
Professor, Global Public Health
University of Michigan School of Public Health 

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Twitter: EverythingisPH
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Email: [email protected]   


Photo Credit:
Photo by Josh Sorenson on Unsplash
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Second episode of the Public Health Explained series!

One question public health researchers love to ask is "what makes us sick?" One tool we can use is the case control study. 

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Twitter: EverythingisPH
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Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/everythingispublichealth  
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References: 
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1706071/

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Mental illness has a big burden on the individuals and the society. Giving people the resources to address their own mental illness or help them address the mental illness of the loved ones around them can help so many people out of difficult situations. Mental health affects our health and vice versa. It's time we recognize that mental illness is just as serious as a physical illness. What is the deadliest mental illness? The answer may surprise you. 

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Twitter: EverythingisPH
Instagram: Everything is Public Health 
Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/everythingispublichealth  
Email: [email protected]   

References: 

https://www.nami.org/mhstats
https://afsp.org/suicide-statistics/
https://www.webmd.com/mental-health/eating-disorders/anorexia-nervosa/news/20110711/deadliest-psychiatric-disorder-anorexia

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Welcome to the first installment of the new series, Public Health Explained! Each episode we will talk about and explain some basic public health terms and concepts as simply as we can. This episode is about incidence and prevalence, two terms that everyone undoubtedly heard over the last two years with the still ongoing pandemic.

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Twitter: EverythingisPH
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I love the postal service. Not only is it a critical, democratizing public good, it is also important to the community and our health.

Support the USPS as a public good. Resist privatization. USPS flat rate box are so generous that even the densest metal won't exceed weight limit.

*Corrections:
The phrase "Neither snow nor rain nor heat nor gloom of night stays these couriers from the swift completion of their appointed rounds" is on the James A. Farley Building in New York City, formerly the city's main USPS branch. It is not on the DC postal museum. That said, the fact that this is not the motto of the USPS is true. The USPS technically have no official motto.

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References:
https://www.epi.org/publication/the-war-against-the-postal-service/

https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2021/02/biden-cannot-fire-usps-louis-dejoy.html

https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2020/08/25/905666119/postal-service-slowdowns-cause-dangerous-delays-in-medication-delivery

Twitter: EverythingisPH
Instagram: Everything is Public Health 
Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/everythingispublichealth  
Email: [email protected]  

Photo Credit: 
I took this photo of the Postal Museum in Washington DC. 

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Do we care about our mothers?

US has the worst maternal mortality rate of all economically comparable countries.

Twitter: EverythingisPH
Instagram: Everything is Public Health
Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/everythingispublichealth 
Email: [email protected] 

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Photo Credit:
Photo by freestocks on Unsplash
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References: 

https://www.commonwealthfund.org/publications/issue-briefs/2020/nov/maternal-mortality-maternity-care-us-compared-10-countries

https://www.commonwealthfund.org/publications/issue-brief-report/2020/dec/maternal-mortality-united-states-primer

https://www.kff.org/report-section/racial-disparities-in-maternal-and-infant-health-an-overview-issue-brief/

https://worldpopulationreview.com/state-rankings/maternal-mortality-rate-by-state

https://www.statista.com/statistics/1240400/maternal-mortality-rates-worldwide-by-country/

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One Health, the approach that connects health of people, animals, and the environment, is on full display when the COVID pandemic struck. Spillover happens when a virus that infects animals crosses over to infect humans, and it happens more often that you think. How can we use One Health principals to prevent future pandemics?

Special Guest: Dr. Meghan Davis DVM PhD MPH

Twitter: EverythingisPH
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Photo Credit: 
Taken by me, at the Museum of Natural History in DC

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The Bruen decision will go down in history as one of the worst supreme court decisions on guns. We are actively moving backwards at the cost of innocent lives. Gun Violence is Public Health.
 
Twitter: EverythingisPH
Instagram: Everything is Public Health
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Special Guest: Kelly Roskam JD

References:
Webinar: https://youtu.be/ystUZo1YWrw
https://www.lwv.org/blog/understanding-supreme-courts-gun-control-decision-nysrpa-v-bruen

Photo Credit: 
Photo by Somchai Kongkamsri from Pexels
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Being a new parent is tough. Not everyone can afford to be stay at home parent. Find childcare is so incredibly tough. Also, that initial bonding time after a new child is introduced to the family is one of the most critical times of raising a child. Paid family leaves supports this. Do we have paid family leave?

Twitter: EverythingisPH
Instagram: Everything is Public Health
Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/everythingispublichealth 
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References:
https://bipartisanpolicy.org/explainer/state-paid-family-leave-laws-across-the-u-s/
https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2019/12/16/u-s-lacks-mandated-paid-parental-leave/
https://www.kff.org/womens-health-policy/fact-sheet/paid-leave-in-u-s/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parental_leave_in_the_United_States

Photo Credit:
Photo by Taisiia Shestopal on Unsplash
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A bonus, almost-no-filter episode in which we reflect on season 1 of Everything is Public Health! 

Busy working on season 2!!! See you all soon! 

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Season 1 is over! We will be taking a summer break in the month of June and returning the first Thursday of July with a bigger and better season 2!!!!

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The problems in our political system is not the faults in the democratic process, but because we have strayed away from the democratic process. Anything that subverts the democratic process (voter suppression, corruption, gerrymandering, etc.) are dangerous.

Why democracy is important to public health.

Twitter: https://twitter.com/EverythingisPH
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It's EMS Week! Show some love and appreciation to all the EMS working tirelessly and silently around us.

EMS Week:
https://emsweek.org/about-ems-week/
https://www.ems.gov/
http://www.naemt.org/initiatives/ems-week

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What do anti-homeless architecture look like?

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A discussion about the ambivalent nature of homeless shelters, and how they distract us from the root cause and ultimate solution.

Twitter: https://twitter.com/EverythingisPH
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So what was all the drama regarding the 2020 Census about? Who was over counted and who was under counted?

Also, a misleading headline from The Washington Post

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Why is The Census important for public health?

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What is a ghost gun? And why are they a public health concern?

Featuring Special Guest: Prof. Alex McCourt

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-o-
PhotoCredit
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For the first time since World War II, US life expectancy has fallen. What does that mean? How is life expectancy calculated? 

-o-
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You may see those poster of "every month, 1 in x children go hungry", but what does that really mean? How is food insecurities defined? 

-o-
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When doctors see something questionable and problematic, do they speak up?

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What are medical errors? Why do they occur? And how often do they harm patients?

The place people go to be healed is also where some get hurt.

**EDIT**
The 250,000 death from medical errors has been debunked. Real number is much lower, though still not clear. HOWEVER, medical errors is still a serious issue that needs to be addressed.

-o-
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We can't fix the plastic pollution problem without killing the source of plastics.

Paper is renewable and compostable. Plastic is not. All that don't use paper because it kills trees is plastic propaganda. Also, use bamboo and glass and metal. 

 -o-
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Why is taking care of the environment public health? In the case of the ocean, what we dump in there comes right back to us .

-o-
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I made one of my biggest sacrifice I've made for this show. 

 -o-
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Part 2 of our first discussion about abortion access as a public health concern. In this episode: all the reasons some states use to justify abortion regulations, and why abortion is a public health issue.

-o-
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Photo Credit:
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 For better or for worse, freedom has always been a part of the American legal ethos. But when it comes to abortions, all that seems to go out the window. Why? 

Digression includes social media feed, going to the sources, and other spicy takes. 

-o-
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How did a medical procedure get tangled in all these legal and political controversies?

 -o-
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Photo Credit:
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What is the Medicaid Gap? Why does it exists?

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Your health insurance does not cover dental or your eyes. Why not? Why isn't the teeth part of the body?

-o-
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Photo Credit:
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Tough on Crime is broke. I want Tough on White Collar Crime.  

When people say Tough on Crime, they mean tough on a specific type of crime. 

-o-
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"Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere." Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.

The spirit of public health is about the health of everyone, which means anything at disproportionately affect one community over another is a public health concern. Our criminal justice system is not a fair one, and that has devastating impact on what it means to live in this country.

-o-
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Photo Credit:
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We need to talk about the police.

Broken window theory has been bastardized into broken window policing. 

-o-
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The trauma remains long after the bullets are removed.

When we think of gun violence in America, we either think of mass shootings or gangs and drugs.  But that's not an accurate picture of gun violence in this country. A significant portions of gun violence exists in the community, and the majority of gun related deaths are tied to suicides. How can we prevent community violence? How can we tackle this incredibly complicated problem?

-o-
Twitter: https://twitter.com/EverythingisPH
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Photo Credit:
Photo by Kael Bloom on Unsplash 

https://unsplash.com/photos/21MaU3f-j9s?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditShareLink

Sound Credit:
"Screen Saver" Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
 Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 4.0 License
 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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School choice (conservatives) people love blaming everything on public schools. Stop blaming public schools on problems caused by almost a century of concentrated disadvantage. 

Also, summer breaks are too long. 

 -o-
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There is a strong connection between educational attainment and health outcomes. Although our education system has faults and flaws, public school is nonetheless an earnest effort to provide everyone with education and future opportunities. In addition, public school is not just a school, but often times a resource for the students, the family, and the community surrounding it.  So why do some people want to undermine our already strained system?

-o-
Twitter: https://twitter.com/EverythingisPH
Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/everythingispublichealth 
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Photo Credit:
Photo by Thomas Park on Unsplash 

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"New Zealand will ban the sale of tobacco to its next generation, in a bid to eventually phase out smoking.

Anyone born after 2008 will not be able to buy cigarettes or tobacco products in their lifetime, under a law expected to be enacted next year." - BBC News

https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-59589775

More discussion about the tobacco industry and their unethical ways, and Cass gives a therapy session for MJ. 

 -o-
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"Nicotine is not addictive" - a bunch of tobacco executives to Congress, April 14, 1994.

Cigarettes is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States. How much does it cost us? How is tobacco still a thing?

 -o-
 Twitter: https://twitter.com/EverythingisPH
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Photo Credit:
 Photo by Julia Engel on Unsplash
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A follow-up on your poverty episode. Why does it cost money to be poor?

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Poverty is something that underpins so many other social and public health issues. But what exactly is it? How does it affect people's decision making? We cannot discuss public health without first discussing the complete destructive impact poverty have on individuals. Without addressing poverty, we cannot truly achieve health for everyone.

-o-
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Photo Credit:
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 What is stigma? It is one of those terms that we have all probably heard at one point, but if we are pressed to define it academically, we may struggle to do so. How does stigma on mental illness and substance use disorder affect how are health policies are formed?

Special Guest:
Dr. Beth McGinty

-o-
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Photo Credit:
Photo by Finn on Unsplash
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Music Credit: 
Between Worlds (Instrumental) by Aussens@iter (c) copyright 2017 Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (3.0) license. http://dig.ccmixter.org/files/tobias_weber/56664 Ft: (Smiling Cynic)

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Go to www.covidtests.gov to order free COVID rapid tests for your household. 

How much testing is enough? How much testing is too much and wasting resources?

-o-
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 What are the components of a good public health infrastructure and why don't we have it?

“The success or failure of any government in the final analysis must be measured by the well-being of its citizens. Nothing can be more important to a state than its public health; the state’s paramount concern should be the health of its people." FDR, 1932

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Is the FDA trying to hard to be friends with the things they are suppose to be regulating?

 -o-
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You may have heard of Upton Sinclair's The Jungle, but have you heard of 100,000,000 Guinea Pigs?

Food regulations plays an important role in our health and safety. In a capitalistic system where money is highest virtue, it was only a matter of time before something unethical happened. And several unethical things did happen.  Thankfully, several expose revealed these awful practices from the food and drug companies, and regulations stepped in the early and mid1900s to prevent these dangerous products from reaching the consumers. What inspired these changes? Two books come to mind.

-o-
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Photo Credit:
Chicago - Meat Packing Industry: dropping hides and splitting chucks, beef dept., Swift & Co.'s Packing House
H77-14 U.S.
No known restrictions on publication.
Library of Congress
http://www.loc.gov/

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Could ERPO have prevented the Oxford High School Shooting in Detroit?  Tune in for our discussion on this recent tragedy.

-o-
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 What if we could have prevented this tragedy?

On the 27th of May, 2014, The Onion Published one of their most influential article that turned into a whole series. Almost 8 years later, have we learned the lesson? This episode talks about one of the tools to prevent gun violence, the Extreme Risk Protection Order (ERPO). Tune into to learn more.

Special Guest:
Dr. Shannon Frattaroli
Twitter: @SF4PublicHealth

Resources:
Implement ERPO
https://americanhealth.jhu.edu/implementERPO

-o-
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Photo Credit:
From Wikimedia, under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported license. 

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Is healthcare is a right? First question, positive right or negative right? 

The UN, and a lot of other countries, recognize healthcare as a right, and therefore have enacted some form of universal healthcare. The US however, have not follow this very reasonable trend. 

For us, healthcare should be a (positive ) right. Tune in to listen to our debunking of all the arguments against universal healthcare!

Welcome to the show after the show! This is where we let our opinions fly free and chat about the subject openly. 

-o-
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What is wrong with the US healthcare system?

First episode of 2022! Welcome back listeners! We hope you all had a wonderful holiday season and a great start to the new year. May 2022 be filled with a bit more joy than 2021.

-o-
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Photo credits:
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Is Cass a Raven's fan?

We're taking two weeks off for the holidays! 

Join us on another fireside chat as we talk about our holiday plans and a bunch of other completely unrelated things. We will return Thursday, January 6th! 

Stay safe everyone!

-o-
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Part 2 of our discussion on exercise! This was cut from the main episode due to length, but we felt it was important to include in our show. 

Happy Holidays Everyone!

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Why not wanting to exercise does not mean you're abnormal. 

But exercise is still good for you. The key of exercise from a public health's perspective is building sustainable routines and leveraging the environment to do so. Exercise on pure will power is not an efficient way to encourage people to exercise at a wider level. Tune in to find out more! 

We're talking Christmas and New Years off! We will return the first Thursday of January 2022!!! 

-o-
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The type of air pollution that's easier to picture. Millions of people around the world are still using biomass and kerosene for cooking and heating, and the health impact of these burning sources causes premature deaths around the world.

Reference: 
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/household-air-pollution-and-health

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For most of us, we hardly ever think about the air we breathe. However, poor air quality is certainly a great concern for almost everyone on this planet. How many people are affected by air pollution? How does the things we release in the air come back to harm us? 

Resources and references:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013935121000487?casa_token=nm5I682yAjgAAAAA:agnBw3bTWWmxaaBnZ2sTkEQoNcSCeUkUYv2GJ_B4yNyy0nJ2m6aVzIo_xJNSJquoDbG7FabD

https://projects.propublica.org/toxmap/?utm_medium=social&utm_source=facebook&fbclid=IwAR3Y8Ar5Fung7m1mp-mdwcMtjqxpXczkVKkwYgyRr6r8fNn_lWugooO5O5o#1156535

https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/nov/05/carbon-top-1-percent-could-jeopardise-1point5c-global-heating-limit?utm_term=61851e754cb5de95249104e89ebce663&utm_campaign=GuardianTodayUS&utm_source=esp&utm_medium=Email&CMP=GTUS_email

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What is induced demand?  Why do more houses lead to higher prices?

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Are there more empty houses or more homeless individuals? Homelessness is a huge public health issue that we as a society pay for. What if we can transform that cost into prevention? 

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Unlike most other countries, the US legal drinking age is 21 instead of 18 or 19 years old. Should this be lowered? Turns out the evidence is more nebulous than you think.

https://drinkingage.procon.org/

-o-
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We're taking the week of Thanksgiving off! Happy Holidays and have a wonderful time everyone! 

This fireside chat is just that, a chat between me and Cass talking about our Thanksgiving plans and many other digressions.

We are extremely thankful for all of our listeners and each and every download we receive. Thank you all so much for supporting this small and independent podcast. Thank you listeners.

We will return with a Public Health+ Bonus episode next Monday! 

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Roughly a century ago America tried banning the production and distribution of alcohol which failed spectacularly. However, it seems like we did not learn the lesson. 

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How a flawed idea became a central piece of the gun lobby's argument and shaped gun policies in this country, despite its many, many problems. 

This episode is on the longer side as far as our bonus episodes go, but we believe the information here is important to keep in the episode. Hope you enjoy it! 

-o-
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What is microstamping? Join us and special guest Josh Horwitz, the executive director of The Educational Fund to Stop Gun Violence to talk about this simple but ingenious new technology which has the potential to transform the way we gather data about guns. This includes potentially revolutionizing ballistics forensic to drastically improve our ability to solve gun related crimes. 

-o-
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A quick bonus episode about statistics and its misuses. What's the difference between statistically significant and practical significance?

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Why do we still have Daylight Savings? Where did it come from? Regardless of whether you like it on or off, the general feeling is that we should definitely stop changing the clocks twice a year. 

Some arguments both for and against daylight savings: 
https://healthblog.uofmhealth.org/wellness-prevention/why-we-should-abolish-daylight-saving-time
https://theconversation.com/5-ways-life-would-be-better-if-it-were-always-daylight-saving-time-111506

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No one likes paying taxes. But they do pay for important things. 

 -o-
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We often take clean running water for granted, but there are lots of Americans to this day without access to safe running water, or sometimes without adequate indoor plumbing. Join us on our first of many episodes on water in this country. 

-o-
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You know that awful, terrible, cancerous, harmful thing that you've been constantly warned about? Turns out, not banned.

-o-
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Ever wonder why gas pumps say "Unleaded Gas" when it's practically impossible to find leaded gas? What even is leaded gas? What happened to it? How was it phased out? Was is phased out completely? Are there communities affected by leaded gas today? (yes)

Reid Hillview Airport:
https://www.mercurynews.com/2021/08/03/a-crisis-on-our-hands-san-joses-reid-hillview-airport-exposes-children-to-high-lead-levels-study-finds/

-o-
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The tales of iodine and fluoride in the history of public health found two very different endings. Tune in to learn more about the origin of iodized salt and fluoridated water! 

-o-
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What are pink tax and tampon taxes? How are they a thing?

Remember Bic for her? That's a pink tax.  

-o-
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What is Preemption? And why does it have to do with public health? 

-o-
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Bonus content for episode 14, our feminism episode on healthcare gaslighting "There nothing wrong"!
 
-o-
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Why don't doctors listen to women?

Medical gaslighting refers to instances when physicians dismiss, ignore, or undermine the complains and symptoms of patients. While it could happen to any patient, historically women were the primary group affected by this phenomenon. From the lack of investment in women's reproductive health to the residual effect of "hysteria" as a diagnosis, women often face instances when they were told there is nothing wrong with them despite how they are feeling.

Public health is the health of everyone. Any systemic issue half of the human population face deserves attention.

Special thanks to all the women I interviewed for this episode. Unfortunately, I couldn't include all the interviews. I hope I did your story justice.

-o-
Sound and Music Credit:
"Bleeping Demo" Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
 Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 4.0 License
 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
"Screen Saver" Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
 Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 4.0 License
 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

-o-
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American cities and suburbs are notoriously difficult to get anywhere without a car. Let's talk about that.

-o-
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"There's a reason you don't see factories in Beverly Hills." 

Highways are not great. They are load, they are heat traps, they take up a lot of space, and living near one negatively impacts your health. Where we placed these huge highways were not done equitably. Discriminatory policies and infrastructure meant these highways targeted certain neighborhoods to destroy. A podcast about public health must discuss racism, because racism is a public health issue. 

Baltimore's Road to Nowhere: https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2018/feb/21/roads-nowhere-infrastructure-american-inequality

-o-
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A brief interlude about handwashing, and why you should always put the toilet cover down when flushing.

P.S. For some reason parts of the audio got distorted, we don't know why and we sincerely apologize for the technical issue. 

-o-
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What is the Swiss Cheese Model and what does it have to do with safety and public health? This is a more conceptual episode in which we discuss a big picture concept that improves the structure of a system to be less error prone and more robust. You can find elements of this model in patient safety, security, and tech. The answer is many layers of the metaphorical Swiss cheese.

Check out the Bike Helmet Campaign! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C8qp8KZbqrM

P.S. For some reason parts of the audio got distorted, we don't know why and we sincerely apologize for the technical issue. 

-o-
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Bonus episode! MJ's hot take that is too hot for the main episode. 

Those big companies and the ultra wealthy are more responsible for climate change than any individual will ever be.

-o-
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Climate change is real and we are now living in its consequences. Over the summer, we witness just a fraction of the punishment climate change will give us with unprecedented heatwaves and wildfires. How does heat impact our health? Why is climate change a public health issue? Tune in to find out! 

Mentioned:
Dr. Kirsten Koehler PhD, Environmental Health and Engineering

 Heat Island Cooling: https://publichealth.jhu.edu/about/key-initiatives/scibar/funded-scibar-projects/waking-up-to-climate-change

Interested in living sustainably? Start here!
https://lowimpactlove.com/low-impact-living/
https://www.bbc.com/news/newsbeat-47990742

-o-
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Bonus episode! How do dollar stores turn food swamps into food deserts?  Tune in to MJ's Hot Takes.

-o-
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Our 10th episode!!! To celebrate this small milestone for our humble podcast, we've decided to loop back to the episode that got it all started: Food desert. But this time, we are talking about its cousin, Food Swamps. What are they? How are they different from food deserts? Why do they predict obesity rates more accurately than food deserts? What does psychology have to do with any of this? 

Food really is Public Health. 

-o-
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A part that was cut from Episode 9 due to time, released as a bonus! 

Is crime at an all-time high?  

-o-
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Gun Violence is a big problem in America, and it is one of those topics that people love to argue about and comment on, sometimes without really knowing what they are talking about. What's the scale of the problem? What solutions work and what does not? How does the media play into all of this? There are a lot of myths, media misconception surrounding gun violence, but thankfully we have Cass who is an expert on this topic co-hosting this show to bust all those misconceptions, and clear the table on what the facts are with gun violence in this country.

Free Coursera Course: Reducing Gun Violence in America: Evidence for Change | Coursera

-o-
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BONUS episode for episode 8!

What is Moral Hazard? How does it relate to health insurance? And how can a healthcare system be TOO good?

 -o-
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The US does not have universal healthcare, practically the only wealthy country that doesn't have it. This means we have the unique problem of uninsured individuals. What does this mean from a public health perspective? What happens when we have a high proportion of uninsured? How do you end up being uninsured? 

 -o-
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BONUS Episode for Episode 7!

Narrow elections are more common than you think, especially at lower level elections. Your vote really matters! 

Ever wonder why politics nowadays are so volatile and incendiary? This is a deliberate strategy commonly used by political insurgents to accomplish their agenda.

-o-
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Voting is important. The spirit of public health is the health of everyone, the entire population, and therefore it is imperative that everyone gets to vote. When we typically think of voting, we think about the big ticket positions like the president, US Senators or US Representatives. But when it comes to the laws and policies that actually have the most impact on our lives, they pertain to a whole separate area of voting that often flies under the radar. Local elections have the most intimate and proximal impact on our daily lives and our health. This episode discusses not just why voting matters, but why voting in local election is so much more important than most people may believe. 

P.S. When we recorded this, Florida was still oblivious for the COVID surge that is happening right now. By the time this is released, we can see the consequences of the Florida governor in full swing. 
https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2021/08/09/when-it-comes-new-coronavirus-surge-florida-is-an-obvious-outlier/?utm_campaign=wp_main&utm_medium=social&utm_source=facebook&fbclid=IwAR2VFjhSdYINvbS00XJtn4isXTmd9M_3LnyUWn5Ifm5f8jE_uOngWRkkPWA

P.P.S To the 7 people who heard the editing error when this episode launched, apologies and it was been fixed now! 

 -o-
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What happens when the US is more than 70 years late on banning lead paint? One area of public health is focusing on how the built environment affects us. In this case, the lead paint on the walls. How do they affect us? What was the consequences of delayed action? And what can we do about it now? 

-o-
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Abstinence only not only doesn't work in its state goal of promoting abstinence, it also has other consequences beyond sex education. In part 1, we defined what abstinence only sex ed is and what cunning strategy its proponents are using to keep the abstinence only curriculum going, in this episode we will discuss the current policy landscape of sex ed in America and what consequences teaching abstinence only sex ed have. 

Featuring special guest: Caitlin Viccora!

Check out Caitlin's Podcast! 
https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/between-the-pages/id1521858696
https://www.instagram.com/betweenthepagespod/?hl=en

-o-
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Sex ed is one of those awkward experiences that we don't think about much after it happens. But a proper sex education is important to help the teens and young adults prevent STIs, unexpected pregnancies, and understand their bodily functions. For many of us it was a comprehensive experience, but for a sizable fraction their experience was much more limited or an abstinence only curriculum. In other words, the focus was on preventing sex altogether instead of providing the information to reduce risks.  What is the history and origin of abstinence only sex ed? What health impact does it have? And most importantly, is it effective? (No). Join us and special guest Caitlin in a two part special that examines the issue of abstinence only sex ed. 

Featuring special guest: Caitlin Viccora!

Check out Caitlin's Podcast! 
https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/between-the-pages/id1521858696
https://www.instagram.com/betweenthepagespod/?hl=en

-o-
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When we think of homelessness, we typically think of being literally without shelter. While that is the case for a lot of people, homelessness can also mean sleeping in your car, staying on a friend's couch, or hopping from place to place. Housing is public health, but how important is having a physical address? What can you do or not do if we don't have an address? 

-o-

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None of us wants to be in a car accident, and we do our best to avoid crashing into fixed structures like light posts. But beyond what the driver can control, public health is about designing the built environment to prevent injury and reduce harm. What does street lights have to do with this? How could they potentially save your life? 

-o- 

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For many of us, groceries are just there. We may think about how often we shop for groceries, or how much we spend each week on groceries, but for most of us we hardly think about our access to them or how we get there. What happens when people live in an area that doesn't have easy access to food and groceries? Food deserts are those areas, and they have a profound impact on the health of people living there. 

-o-

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Welcome to Everything is Public Health! 

So many things impact our health. The physical things around you, the social interactions, the policies you may never notice, are all quietly there, influencing our health and well-being in subtle ways everyday. Some are there on purpose to prevent bad outcomes, some are issues that we still need to address, but most go unnoticed by many of us. This is the world of public health; a science of understanding the countless forces and designing solutions to help prevent or mitigate harm and improve the health of the people. 

Once a week, this podcast explores one concept and delves into those hidden forces. We are one and a half public health professionals (MJ is the half), and we hope to bring these public health ideas into the consciousness of our listeners. With some luck, we hope to inspire a new generation of public health minded people, because the more public health oriented we as a society become, the brighter our future is. 

Thank you so much for listening! 

MJ and Cass

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