Revolutions

After becoming CEO of Omnicorps, Timothy Werner rolled out the New Protocols. It did not go well. 

Mars wanted a voice. Then they learned no one was listening. 

It's springtime for the Martian people

Patreon: patreon.com/revolutions

Merch Store: cottonbureau.com/mikeduncan

What do you want to do? Live forever?

Sometimes you have to look to heaven for salvation. 

A revolution on Mars??? A revolution on Mars!

If you wanna drop a tip on your way out the door, Click Here To Donate.

See you on the other side my friends.

The revolution has revolved.

Not necessarily the same as the old boss...

Somebody is getting eaten. Just depends who.

Surfs up, it's a radical wave.

Nothing lets slip the dogs of war like a Revolution.

The enemy of my enemy was my friend.

Upcoming live events!

Oct. 26 Boston @ The Wilbur

Oct. 27 Washington DC @ Lisner Auditorium

Oct. 29 Newark NJ @ New Jersey Performing Arts Center

Every victory implies a defeat. Every defeat implies a victory.

Upcoming live events!

Oct. 26 Boston @ The Wilbur

Oct. 27 Washington DC @ Lisner Auditorium

Oct. 29 Newark NJ @ New Jersey Performing Arts Center

[insert obligatory joke about being triggered]

Upcoming live events!

Oct. 26 Boston @ The Wilbur

Oct. 27 Washington DC @ Lisner Auditorium

Oct. 29 Newark NJ @ New Jersey Performing Arts Center

Happy families are all alike; every unhappy family is unhappy in its own way...

For tickets to the October dates:

Oct. 3 Austin TX @ Paramount Theater

Oct. 4 San Francisco @ Palace of Fine Arts

Oct. 5 Seattle @ Town Hall

Oct. 26 Boston @ The Wilbur

Oct. 27 Washington DC @ Lisner Auditorium

Oct. 29 Newark NJ @ New Jersey Performing Arts Center

Probably wouldn't be a revolution if everything just kept on being cool and stable.

For tickets to the October dates:

Oct. 3 Austin TX @ Paramount Theater

Oct. 4 San Francisco @ Palace of Fine Arts

Oct. 5 Seattle @ Town Hall

Oct. 25 Chicago @ Vic Theater

Oct. 26 Boston @ The Wilbur

Oct. 27 Washington DC @ Lisner Auditorium

Oct. 29 Newark NJ @ New Jersey Performing Arts Center

For tickets to the October dates:

Oct. 3 Austin TX @ Paramount Theater

Oct. 4 San Francisco @ Palace of Fine Arts

Oct. 5 Seattle @ Town Hall

Oct. 25 Chicago @ Vic Theater

Oct. 26 Boston @ The Wilbur

Oct. 27 Washington DC @ Lisner Auditorium

Oct. 29 Newark NJ @ New Jersey Performing Arts Center

The word revolution means coming full circle, so it seems like the best way to begin the end.

Tour dates and links:

Sept. 6 Madison -- Mystery to Me

Sept. 7 Chicago -- Seminary Co-Op

Sept. 8 Portland -- Powell's Books

Sept. 9 Seattle -- Elliott Bay Book Company

Sept. 12 Boulder -- Boulder Book Store

Sept. 13 Denver -- Tattered Cover (Aspen Grove)

Sept. 14 Dallas -- Interrobang Books

Sept. 15 Austin -- Bookpeople

Sept. 16 Houston -- Brazos Books

Sept. 19 New Orleans -- Garden District Book Shop

Sept. 20 Atlanta -- Carter Center w/ A Capella Books

Sept. 21 Chapel Hill -- Flyleaf Books

Sept. 22 Raleigh -- Quail Ridge Books

Sept. 24 Winston-Salem -- Bookmarks Book Festival

Please enjoy this chapter about Lafayette's tour of America on the eve of my own tour of America.

Tour dates and links:

Sept. 6 Madison -- Mystery to Me

Sept. 7 Chicago -- Seminary Co-Op

Sept. 8 Portland -- Powell's Books

Sept. 9 Seattle -- Elliott Bay Book Company

Sept. 12 Boulder -- Boulder Book Store

Sept. 13 Denver -- Tattered Cover (Aspen Grove)

Sept. 14 Dallas -- Interrobang Books

Sept. 15 Austin -- Bookpeople

Sept. 16 Houston -- Brazos Books

Sept. 19 New Orleans -- Garden District Book Shop

Sept. 20 Atlanta -- Carter Center w/ A Capella Books

Sept. 21 Chapel Hill -- Flyleaf Books

Sept. 22 Raleigh -- Quail Ridge Books

Sept. 24 Winston-Salem -- Bookmarks Book Festival

Please enjoy this one-man table read of the pilot script I've been writing for a proposed TV series based on Hero of Two Worlds.

----

For all the details on the paperback tour in September click here: bit.ly/mikeduncantour

For tickets to the October dates:

Oct. 3 Austin TX @ Paramount Theater

Oct. 4 San Francisco @ Palace of Fine Arts

Oct. 5 Seattle @ Town Hall

Oct. 25 Chicago @ Vic Theater

Oct. 26 Boston @ The Wilbur

Oct. 27 Washington DC @ Lisner Auditorium

Oct. 29 Newark NJ @ New Jersey Performing Arts Center

Oct. 3 Austin TX @ Paramount Theater

Oct. 4 San Francisco @ Palace of Fine Arts

Oct. 5 Seattle @ Town Hall

---

Oct. 25 Chicago @ Vic Theater

Oct. 26 Boston @ The Wilbur

Oct. 27 Washington DC @ Lisner Auditorium

Oct. 29 Newark NJ @ New Jersey Performing Arts Center

For all the details on the paperback tour click here: bit.ly/mikeduncantour

More info on the October speaking performances as soon as we have firm dates/times/tickets.

See you on the other side.

So dizzy. So much success.

To be in power, or not to be in power, that is the question...

After one hundred episodes, you might agree!

It's a faaaaaaaaaaaaaaake.

Forward in the USSR

There's no business like show business.

You know we're covering an upbeat period of history when the title of the episode is "Starving To Death"

Tbh, it's bit like one of those "circle five differences in these two pictures that otherwise seem identical" games.

When the old policies aren't working...try new policies!

Poetically, or ominously, coinciding with the 50th Anniversary of the Paris Commune...

[Insert Spider-Man meme here]

So close yet so far away.

Why stop fighting when you can keep fighting?

Spoiler Alert in the title.

To Moscow!

Nestor Makhno thy time has come.

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All power to the Soviets!*

*The Communist Party

---------------------

APRIL 30, 2022: Live Performance at Coletivo in Milwaukee.

There *was* a revolution in Germany. But it wasn't like the revolution in Russia.

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The end of WWI was a pretty big deal all things considered.

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But is it though?

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Time to tie up some loose ends.

Hey it was worth a shot. Well, actually, probably not.

Register for digital book talk with me and Jonathan Katz on his new book: Gangsters of Capitalism Jan 18 w/ Politics and Prose.

Time to play the wild card.

Time to head into the final lap...

What's better than war and peace? Neither war nor peace!

Dance dance revolution.

Can anyone guess which one Lenin and the Bolsheviks will choose? 

The Bolsheviks caught the car. Now they had to figure out what to do with it.

We made it.

Wherein we keep moving toward the October Revolution by progressing halfway to halfway to halfway to halfway...

Link: Event w/ Dr. Faith Hillis for her book Utopia's Discontents.

Comrade Lenin says don't look a gift horse in the mouth.

Link to details on the talk/signing in Pasadena!

Links to tour details...

Minneapolis Oct 11: Magers and Quinn

Naperville Oct 12: Anderson's Bookshop

Madison/Verona Oct 13: Kismet Books

Milwaukee Oct 14: Boswells Book Company

Pasadena Oct 27: Vromans Bookstore

Links to details...

Main page (scroll down):

Minneapolis: Magers and Quinn

Chicago: Anderson's Bookshop

Madison: Kismet Books

Milwaukee: Boswells Book Company

Not a political plot. A sitcom plot.

When you come at the king, best not miss.

Don't put all your eggs in one basket, folks.

April 1917 reminds us sometimes foreign affairs DO matter in domestic politics.

---

The H2W related podcast appearances I mentioned:

1. Based on a True Story with Dan LeFebvre. Great chat about Lafayette in film and TV.
2. KPFA's Letters and Politics with Mitch Jeserich. This one is a video!
3. Tides of History with Patrick Wyman. More of me and Patrick being me and Patrick. So good, informative, and fun.
4. My History Can Beat Up Your Politics One of the O.G. podcasts. Since 2006!

Wherein the Bolsheviks call for an Uber.

The New Yorker Article by Adam Gopnick

The New Republic Article by David Klion (Hi David!)

 CBS This Morning Segment Look ma I'm on the tee-vee.

The February Revolution succeeded! Everything is great now!

Get tix for Hero of Two Worlds Events!

Aug 20 Politics and Prose with Jamelle Bouie

Aug 23 Midtown Scholar with Ben Rhodes

Aug 24 The Strand with Alexis Coe

Aug 31 Harvard Bookstore with Patrick Wyman.

The Duma is about to get a new roommate: The Petrograd Soviet

Sign up fast for Hero of Two Worlds Events!

Aug 20 Politics and Prose with Jamelle Bouie

Aug 23 Midtown Scholar with Ben Rhodes

Aug 24 The Strand with Alexis Coe

Aug 31 Harvard Bookstore with Patrick Wyman.

Good riddance to Dear Nicky.

Sign up fast for Hero of Two Worlds Events!

Aug 20 Politics and Prose with Jamelle Bouie

Aug 23 Midtown Scholar with Ben Rhodes

Aug 24 The Strand with Alexis Coe

Aug 31 Harvard Bookstore with Patrick Wyman.

The February Revolution began on International Women's Day

Meanwhile...Lafayette Events!

Aug 20 Politics and Prose with Jamelle Bouie

Aug 23 Midtown Scholar with Ben Rhodes

Aug 24 The Strand with Alexis Coe

Aug 31 Harvard Bookstore with Patrick Wyman.

Really should have called this episode The Verge.

Come hang out with Patrick Wyman and Me on July 22 to celbrate the launch of his book The Verge!

Pre-Order Hero of Two Worlds!

Why get off the road to ruin when you can just stay on it?

Pre-order Hero of Two Worlds!

You make the call.

Pre-order Hero of Two Worlds!

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Inflation and scarcity are not exactly solid foundations to base the stability of a regime.

Link: The Hero of Two Worlds bookshop map Tell us where you pre-ordered the book!

Ok, maybe it wasn't a great war, but it *was* a great offensive.

Link: Bookstore Map (scroll down)

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Lafayette comes to America! Enjoy!

A link to pre-order the book!

A link to the map to tell us where you pre-ordered the book!

Scroll down it's at the bottom.

Thanks!

When it started, everyone thought it was gonna be a regular war. But it turned out to be a *great* war.

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Wherein we finally talk about the Second International just so we can watch it die.

Sponsor: Pre-Order Hero of Two Worlds!

War will cause another revolution? No! War will prevent another revolution.

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Confused by how events Balkans could spark a world war? Good news, you're not alone. All the Great Powers of Europe are right there with you.

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You already know a lot actually!

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Au revoir Paris.

A rapist protected by powerful friends? Who has ever heard of such a thing?

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Why be an illiterate Siberian peasant when you can be a sought after curiosity in St. Petersburg.

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Wherein the gods hate me, but they hated Alexei Romanov even more...

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Stolypin's reforms died. Then Stolypin died.

After re-writing election laws to ensure a Duma he could work with, Prime Minister Stolypin finally had a Duma he could work with.

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Why have two revolutions when you can have one big long revolution?

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Unity Congress more like DISunity Congress, amirite?

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Who expropriates the expropriators?

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Wherein we ask the ask the eternal question: Was it really a coup?

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To celebrate his new reform program, Prime Minster Stolypin handed out commemorative neckties. 

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They didn't get dubbed "The Duma of National Anger" because they were quiescent and complacent.

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Last time on the Revolutions Podcast...

Wherein I explain what the heck happened to me.

Maybe if Nicholas hadn't been so set on rejecting the verdict of 1905, there wouldn't be a Part II to look forward to.

The Days of Freedom could be numbered in days.

That time everyone stayed home from work. 

Sponsor: audible.com/revolutions. 

When you think you're out in the front of the pack, but really you're being lapped.  

Sponsor: Harrys.com/revolutions

When you pray for a miracle and all God sends is a metaphor. 

Voyage of the Damned Video

Battle of Tsushima Video

Bloody Sunday triggered the largest popular protests the Russian Empire had ever seen.

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When people are crying out for help, maybe don't murder them in the streets. 

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The Russian Revolution of 1905 actually began in 1904. 

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What happens when you think victory will be easy, defeat will be catastrophic...and then you start to lose?

When you can't decide whether to cultivate the revolutionary potential of the peasants or assassinate government officials, the SRs say: why not both?

When you have a majority, flaunt it. 

To build a fire one first needs a spark.

Is the end nigh? Not really. But it will be soon!

As factional disputes arose, radical Russians attempt to forge larger alliances. 

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In the 1890s Russia expanded its influence in the far east, which put them on a collision course with Japan. 

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Someone was having senseless dreams alright. 

Relationship Status: Lenin, Plekhanov, and Martov are all on the same side. This won't always be the case.

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Why propagandize when you can agitate?

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The great Marxist meet cute.

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Narodism didn't die after 1881. It just went into hibernation. 

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If it's not radical and it's not reactionary, it must be liberal. 

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When Nicky met Alix...

Link to the Pax Britannica Interview

Link to the Eastern Border Interview

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If your nascent bourgeoisie isn't big enough or rich enough to industrialize your Empire, just call Sergei Witte. He'll know what to do. 

Everyone know Marxism isn't applicable to Russia. What my theory presupposes is...what if it did?

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Time to start mixing the baking soda and vinegar. 

Kids today have no respect. 

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After the disaster of the Crimean War, it was time for an era of Great Reform. 

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Really missed a chance to call this episode "The Three Pillars of Russian Absolutism.  

Come hang out with us at soundeducation.fm

In December 1825, the Decembrists became the Decembrists. 

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This week, it's nothing less than The Divine Savior vs. The Antichrist

Peter the Great and Catherine the Great made the Russian Empire great.

Two Romes have fallen. The third stands. And there will be no fourth. No one shall replace your Christian Tsardom!

In 1872, the First International fractured into rival camps led by Marx and Bakunin. 

An earlier version of this episode had terrible metronome clicking. The file has been replaced, but if you're podcast app won't download the corrected version use this one instead. 

Wherein we revisit the Paris Commune.

All Mikhail Bakunin wanted was a world without bosses. 

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Mikhail Bakunin circumnavigated the globe and came back convinced that coercive authority was the pits. 

Direct Link: 10.5- The Adventures of Mikhail Bakunin

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The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles?

Come see us: Intelligent Speech Conference

According to Lenin, Karl Marx was, "the genius who continued and consummated the three main ideological currents of the 19th century, as represented by the three most advanced countries of mankind: classical German philosophy, classical English political economy, and French socialism combined with French revolutionary doctrines in general.”

Come see us in NY: Intelligent Speech Conference. 

Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels dreamed of revolution. But what happens when the revolution comes and then goes?

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Recommendation: The Once and Future King

In 1864, a group of working men formed an international association called The International Working Men's Association. 

A Revolutions Podcast Update. 

Intelligent Speech

Sound Education

See ya in a week!

The winds have now swept Mexico. To what end?

I'll be in Copenhagen: CPH:DOX March 26

It's time to bring the Mexican Revolution to a close

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In 1918 and 1919, it was hard to tell whether the Mexican Revolution was heating up or cooling down. 

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In 1917, Villa said he would fight on until Carranza was swinging from a tree. 

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In 1917 Mexico got a new constitution. 

sponsor: audible.com/revolutions. 

In March 1916, the United States invaded Mexico. Again. 

Dome and Bedlam: Ep. 27 Mike Duncan Unscripted Baseball Content

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In November, 1915 Pancho Villa declared death to the gringos. 

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Wherein Pancho Villa is infected with a fatal case of hubris. 

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In October 1914 the Aguascalientes Convention met to decide the future of Mexico. 

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In the summer of 1914, the armies of Obregón, Villa, and Zapata drove Huerta into exile. 

In April 1914 the United States invaded Mexico. 

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Was Pancho Villa an Avenging Angel, Robin Hood, or King of the Bandits? Yes.

Let us begin Phase II of the Mexican Revolution...

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Actually it was more like 13, but who's counting. 

After becoming President, Madero decided to alienate his old friends. 

After being elected President of Mexico, Francisco Madero enjoyed no peace. 

In the summer of 1911, Francisco Madero was not quite President. And that was a bit of a problem.

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How Porfirian politics helped destroy the Porfiriato

Sulla died believing he had saved the Roman Republic. Boy was he ever wrong. 

Can you do any better? Can You Save The Roman Republic?

Check out the book: thestormbeforethestorm.com

In the spring of 1911, Francisco Madero unleashed the tiger. Let's see if he can control it. 

Choose Your Own Adventure Game: Can You Save The Republic?

Tour Dates!

Oct 15 -- Toronto -- Ben McNally’s

Oct 16 -- NYC -- The Strand 

Oct 17 -- Nashville -- Parnassus Books

Oct 18 -- Atlanta -- The Carter Library (hosted by A Capella Books)

Francisco Madero had a plan, but it didn't really work. 

Choose Your Own Adventure Game: Can You Save The Republic?

Tour Dates!

Oct 15 -- Toronto -- Ben McNally’s

Oct 16 -- NYC -- The Strand 

Oct 17 -- Nashville -- Parnassus Books

Oct 18 -- Atlanta -- The Carter Library (hosted by A Capella Books)

Come! It's fun!

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Welcome to Morelos. I'd like to introduce you to your host, Emiliano Zapata. 

Sponsor: HelloFresh.com/revolutions60

Tour Dates!

Oct 15 -- Toronto -- Ben McNally’s

Oct 16 -- NYC -- The Strand 

Oct 17 -- Nashville -- Parnassus Books

Oct 18 -- Atlanta -- The Carter Library (hosted by A Capella Books)

Come! It's fun!

After Porfirio Diaz said he welcomed a democratic opposition, many foolishly took him at his word. 

Tour Dates!

Oct 15 -- Toronto -- Ben McNally’s

Oct 16 -- NYC -- The Strand 

Oct 17 -- Nashville -- Parnassus Books

Oct 18 -- Atlanta -- The Carter Library (hosted by A Capella Books)

Come! It's fun!

Sponsor: harrys.com/revolutions

Just as Mexico was being kicked around by an economic crisis, Porfirio Diaz dropped a political bombshell. 

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Porfirio Diaz ruled Mexico for so long they named a whole section of Mexican history after him. 

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In the years after independence, Mexico was a bit unstable. 

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In 1810, Father Hidalgo let forth the Cry of Dolores. 

Just by way of refresher, since I know everyone took such good notes during episode 5.1 and 5.2 

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The last week of May 1871 was indeed a very bloody week. 

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🎶Tonight I'm gonna party like it's the year seventy-nine 🎶

The Paris Commune was formally inaugurated on March 28, 1871. Unfortunately no one could agree on what that meant.  

On March 18, 1871 the government of Adolphe Thiers attempted to seize control of the National Guard's cannons. It didn't go well.  

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You know you're rich when you can afford to eat rats. 

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In September 1870, everyone in Paris prepared for a siege. Some of them also prepared for revolution. 

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Napoleon III hoped a war with Prussia would save his Empire. Instead it destroyed his Empire. 

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Hardball Times Article: Shohei Ohtani, The Bambino, and Bullet Joe

This Week In Baseball History: Episode 47 - Leon Day Plays Two Ways

First as tragedy, then as farce. 

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Phone Lines Now Open!

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Let's figure out what the heck happened in 1848

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The bitter end of the Revolutions of 1848 arrived in the summer of 1849.

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Recs: The Storm Before the Storm (duh) and 30 Greatest Orchestral Workd

As the walls close in on the Revolutions of 1848, the final loose ends will be ground up by millstones, but still stamp the future with fertile soil to grow new liberty trees. 

Wherein the King of Prussia is offered a dog's collar. 

In Dec 1848, the Austrian Empire got a new Emperor. 

In Dec 1848, Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte was elected president of France. 

In November 1848, the Pope took flight.

After the Emperor declared war on Hungary, Vienna launched an uprising in October 1848.

The Frankfurt Parliament is the symbol of the liberal German Revolution of 1848. That's not a compliment. 

In the summer of 1848, the forces of counter-revolution began to get the upper hand in central Europe. 

On March 23, 1848 the Kingdom of Piedmont declared war on Austria. 

In April 1848, the Hungarians won the right to national self-government. But what about the other nations of the Kingdom of Hungary?

The Austrian Imperial Ministry had a habit of cracking down, but then backing down.

With German unification on the way, the question became who exactly was going to be unified anyway?

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In June 1848, France discovered class conflict. 

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The Provisional Government of France wanted a political revolution NOT a social revolution.

Direct Link: 

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Tour!

In March 1848, both Milan and Venice revolted against Austrian rule. 

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West Coast Tour: http://thestormbeforethestorm.com/tour

The fall of the July Monarchy set off a chain reaction throughout Germany that climaxed with intense fighting in Berlin.

On your feet, Magyar, the homeland calls! The time is here, now or never! Shall we be slaves or free? This is the question, choose your answer.

On March 13, 1848, Metternich fell. 

We did it! 

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Enjoy! Unless you plan on coming to a future event, in which case you should probably stop listening right now!

The Storm Before the Storm is finally here! http://thestormbeforethestorm.com/

Find me on tour: http://thestormbeforethestorm.com/tour/

There is a spectre haunting Europe....

In 1848 there would be no replacing one Bourbon with another. 

In February 1848 the National Guard had finally had enough of the July Monarchy 

In 1847 and 1848 opposition leaders spent good money to eat bad food while listening to bad speeches. 

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The Revolutions of 1848 began in Italy

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Do you want a constitution? Well, too bad. 

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The mid-1840s were a rotten time. 

Tides of History Interview 

History Fangirl Interview 

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1000 years of Hungarian history in 38 minutes. 

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In the years after the Napoleonic conquest, the dream of Italian liberation and unification took root. 

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In the years after the Napoleonic conquest, the dream of Italian liberation and unification took root. 

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It may not be Holy or Roman anymore, but it was still an Empire...

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The long road to Germany has begun. 

Audio excerpt from The Storm Before the Storm: The Beginning of the End of the Roman Republic by Mike Duncan. Forthcoming Oct. 24, 2017. Pre-order a copy today! 

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The foundations of the July Monarchy were thin and shallow. 

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In January 1848 Europe was sleeping on a volcano. 

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In June 1832 a bunch of radical republicans spontaneously broke out in song. 

In 1820 the Good Cousins staged a revolution in the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. 

After the fall of Napoleon, Austrian Foreign Minister Metternich attempted to orchestrate a new conservative order in Europe. 

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In 1830, the Belgians said we don't want to be a part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands anymore.

What the heck did the rest of France think about the July Revolution?

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King Charles X should have never signed the Four Ordinances. You know. In hindsight. 

Time to get this piece on the board. 

On Wed July 28, 1830 the people of Paris proved that piles of rubble were the key to urban revolution. 

On Monday July 26, 1830 the Four Ordinances were published. On Tuesday July 27 the July Revolution began. 

In early 1830 King Charles X tried to beat back the liberal opposition. Instead they came back stronger than ever. 

After ascending to the throne in 1824 Charles X wanted to impose his ultra-royalism on France, but his annoying subjects kept resisting.

After the fall of Napoleon, the Bourbon monarchy was restored. 

In 1830, both Simon Bolivar and Gran Colombia died. 

On Sept 25, 1828 Simón Bolívar went out the window.

At the end of 1826 Simon Bolivar returned to Colombia to deal with the revolt of Jose Antonio Paez. 

In 1825 Upper Peru became the independent nation of Bolivia. 

Wherein Gen. Sucre wins a very Bolivarian battle.

Simòn Bolívar and Jose de San Martin met for the first and only time in July 1822 

In 1822, Antonio Jose Sucre and Simon Bolivar liberated Quito and made Gran Colombia whole. 

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Title kinda says it all. 

Lord Thomas Cochrane turned out to be the key to Peru. 

José de San Martín gets zonked on opium and marches through the Andes. 

On June 24, 1821 the Battle of Carabobo secured permanent independence for Venezuela. 

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2 T-shirts!

3 Screenprints!

5 New episodes of The History of Rome!

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Do not buy land in Poyais. 

In 1820 a mutiny in Cádiz changed the course of Spanish American history. 

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In July 1819 Bolívar led a legendary march into the mountains to liberate New Granada once and for all. 

In January 1818 Simón Bolívar met José Antonio Páez. The War of Venezuelan Independence would never be the same. 

With an assist from the Republic of Haiti, Simon Bolivar launched a new expedition to Venezuela in 1816.

Enter José de San Martín and Bernardo O'Higgins. 

The restoration of King Ferdinand VII spelled big trouble for Spanish American Independence. 

In 1814 Simón Bolívar met the Legions of Hell. It wasn't pretty. 

Simón Bolívar left Venezuela in 1812. He came back in 1813. 

Things did not go well for the First Venezuelan Republic. 

in 1810 Simón Bolívar brought Francisco de Miranda home. 

Further unrest plagued Spanish America in 1809 as the situation deteriorated back in Spain. 

In May 1808 Napoleon deposed the Spanish Monarchy.

1n 1806, two invasions of South America tested the waters of independence. Also, Bolívar swears to liberate his country or die trying. 

Enter Bolívar. 

After the Seven Years War the Spanish American Empire was hit with an array of revolts. Also six degrees of Francisco de Miranda. 

After the Bourbons came to power they reformed the Spanish Empire and along the way created the Viceroyalty of New Granada. 

After Columbus "discovered" America the Spanish built up an empire upon which the sun never set. 

1806-Present. Enjoy.

After declaring independence, Jean-Jacques Dessalines ordered the extermination of the white French. 

Done at the headquarters of Gonaives, the first day of January 1804, the first year of independence.

The new nation of Haiti was born on New Years Day 1804.

In the summer of 1802 the worst Yellow Fever epidemic on record hit Saint-Domingue--making it very difficult to re-impose slavery. 

With the massive expedition he assembled, Bonaparte reckoned it would take three months to retake Saint-Domingue.

In 1801 Toussaint Louverture annexed Santo Domingo and promulgated a new constitution without permission from France. First Consul Bonaparte was not amused. 

From 1799-1800 Toussaint Louverture and Andre Rigaud fought a civil war for control of Saint-Domingue. 

Toussaint Louverture began to craft an independent foreign policy for Saint-Domingue in 1798.

In 1797, Touissant used the conservative victory in the elections of Year V to solidify his own position in Saint-Domingue.

By mid-1796, Toussaint Louverture had no rival on Saint-Domingue. Then Sonthonax came back.

From the summer of 1794 to the summer of 1795, the future of Saint-Domingue hung in the balance.

In February 1794, the National Convention not only ratified the emergency emancipation of the slaves, they extended it even further.

Le Cap burns. White colonial rule ends. The slaves are freed.

The Second Commission was supposed to implement the Law of April 4 and defeat the slave uprising. This turned out to be harder than they thought.

With slave revolts and civil war erupting in Saint-Domingue, the Legislative Assembly abolished all racial distinctions on April 4, 1792. 

First the whites revolted. Then the free coloreds revolted. Then the slaves REALLY revolted.

The Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen sure seemed to imply that men were born free and equal in rights. In fact, it explicitly said so.

Wherein we find out what everyone thought about everyone else.

Direct Link: 4.02- The Web of Tension

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The French colony of Saint-Domingue was the single most lucrative colony in the New World.

One last look back at the pile of severed heads.

This is a real thing that is actually happening:

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Napoleon conquered Europe. Then he got beat and the Bourbons came back.

Twitter: @mikeduncan

After coming to power in 1799, First Consul Bonaparte achieved many of the Revolution's dreams and healed many of its open wounds. So he declared himself Emperor in 1804.

And his name is Napoleon Bonaparte.

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Me on Twitter: twitter.com/mikeduncan

When the War of the Second Coalition got off to a terrible start for the French, the Triumvirate that had been running the Directory since 1797 was overthrown.

Hey look I'm on Twitter: https://twitter.com/mikeduncan

While Bonaparte was off trying to conquer Egypt, the rest of Europe mobilized against France.

In July 1798 Bonaparte and his healthy, hopeful army arrived in Egypt. In August 1799 Bonaparte ditched his now demoralized, plague-ridden army and sailed for home.

The Directory manipulated the elections of Year VI to block left-wing candidates. Meanwhile Talleyrand provoked the Americans into war and Bonaparte sailed for Egypt.

After Fructidor the Directory cracked down on the conservatives. They also created more sister republicans to systematically loot.

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After taking a drubbing in the elections Year V, the Directory decided to just annul the results.

Bonaparte almost gets beat! But then he doesn't. Also don't invade Ireland in December.

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Control the central position. Move on the rear. Live off the land.

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The adventures of everyone's favorite proto-communist. k

When the Thermidorean Convention introduced the Constitution of Year III, the political Right went a little nuts.

That's the slogan that rallied the last remnents of the sans culottes to action...right before they got crushed by the Thermidorean Convention.

The terrible winter of 1794-95 helped France push back all her enemies. Also...Poland!

After the events of 9 Thermidor, the Revolution began to swing back to the right.

Promoting a fundraising drive spearheaded by Scott Chesworth at the Ancient World podcast to help preseve Syria's massively important cultural treasures.

Link to The Ancient World for all the Details.

Direct Link to the Syrian Heritage Initiative

Direct Link to Scott's findraising page for the International Rescue Committee

The events of 9 Thermidor II brought Act I of the French Revolution to a gruesome end.

If the mainspring of popular government in peacetime is virtue, amid revolution it is at once virtue and terror: virtue, without which terror is fatal; terror, without which virtue is impotent.