Space Nuts: Exploring the Cosmos

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Space Nuts Episode #489: Meteorite Madness, Space Treaties, and Cosmic Connections
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Jonti Horner as they explore a whirlwind of cosmic topics in this exciting episode of Space Nuts. From a meteorite striking a Canadian doorstep to a deep dive into space treaties and panspermia, this episode is packed with fascinating insights and discussions that will leave you pondering the mysteries of the universe.
Episode Highlights:
- Meteorite Strike: Discover the incredible story of a meteorite captured on a doorbell camera as it strikes a home in Canada. Jonti shares the details of the event, the type of meteorite involved, and the unique audio captured during the impact.
- Space Treaties and Ownership: Andrew and Jonti discuss the implications of Donald Trump's inauguration speech regarding the U.S. claim to Mars. Explore the 1967 Space Treaty that prohibits ownership of celestial bodies and the challenges of enforcing such agreements in today's commercial space era.
- Panspermia Possibilities: Delve into the intriguing concept of panspermia, which suggests that life could be transferred between planets via meteorites. Jonti explains new research proposing that life in Venus's atmosphere might have originated from Earth, raising questions about our understanding of life in the solar system.
- SpaceX and Blue Origin Launches: Get the latest updates on recent rocket launches, including SpaceX's Starship test flight and Blue Origin's New Glenn. Learn about the successes and challenges faced by these companies as they continue to push the boundaries of space exploration.
For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed and to listen to all our episodes, visit our website. Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on Facebook, X, YouTube Music, YouTube Music Music, Tumblr, Instagram, and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favorite platform.
For more Space and Astronomy News Podcasts, visit our HQ at www.bitesz.com.
For your daily space and astronomy news updates, subscibe to the Astronomy Daily Podcast - available wherever you get your podcasts. For more details, visit www.asronomydaily.io
If you'd like to help support Space Nuts and join our growing family of insiders for commercial-free episodes and more, visit spacenutspodcast.com/about.
Stay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.
00:00 - Andrew Dunkley introduces the episode's topics
02:15 - Discussion on the meteorite strike in Canada
06:50 - Analysis of Donald Trump's comments on space ownership
12:30 - Explanation of the Space Treaty and its implications
18:45 - Exploration of panspermia and its relevance to Venus
25:10 - Updates on SpaceX and Blue Origin launches
30:00 - Closing thoughts and upcoming celestial events
✍️ Episode References
Space Treaty 1967
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outer_Space_Treaty
Panspermia Theory
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panspermia
SpaceX Starship
https://www.spacex.com/vehicles/starship/
Blue Origin New Glenn
https://www.blueorigin.com/new-glenn

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Space Nuts Episode 488: Cosmic Curiosities - Primordial Black Holes, Ancient Galaxies, and the Ultimate Lagrange Point
Join Andrew Dunkley, Professor Fred Watson, and Professor Jonti Horner as they tackle intriguing questions from our listeners in this Q&A edition of Space Nuts. Dive into the mysteries of the universe with thought-provoking discussions on primordial black holes, ancient galaxies, and the concept of the ultimate Lagrange point.
Episode Highlights:
- Primordial Black Holes: Rusty from Donnybrook throws a cosmic curveball about the impact of a primordial black hole entering our solar system. Explore the fascinating scenarios and potential consequences with Fred and Jonti as they delve into gravitational dynamics and celestial mechanics.
- Ancient Galaxies: Marcel questions the age of the universe as the James Webb Space Telescope continues to uncover older galaxies. Fred and Jonti unravel the complexities of cosmic timelines and the implications for our understanding of galaxy formation and evolution.
- The Ultimate Lagrange Point: Buddy from Oregon ponders whether the center of a galaxy could be the ultimate Lagrange point. Discover the intricacies of gravitational balance and stability as Jonti explains the concept of Lagrange points and their cosmic significance.
- Expansion of the Universe: Michael from Illinois raises questions about the accelerating expansion of the universe and its effects on our solar system. Fred and Jonti discuss the interplay between cosmic expansion and gravitational forces, offering insights into the future of our universe.
For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed and to listen to all our episodes, visit our website. Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on Facebook, X, YouTube, YouTubeMusic, Tumblr, Instagram, and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favorite platform.
For more Space and Astronomy News Podcasts, visit our HQ at www.bitesz.com.
If you'd like to help support Space Nuts and join our growing family of insiders for commercial-free episodes and more, visit spacenutspodcast.com/about.
Stay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.
00:00 - Andrew Dunkley answers questions from audience about primordial black holes
02:08 - Rusty asks a question about black holes in the solar system
06:39 - Science currently holds the belief that our universe is 13.8 billion years old
09:54 - Scientists say HD140283 is older than the edge of the universe
13:23 - Would the center of a galaxy be like the ultimate Lagrange point
14:11 - Would the center of the galaxy be the ultimate Lagrange point
19:30 - Fred Ferguson: An accelerating expansion means everything in the universe is moving apart
24:20 - Patrick Lukaf: There have been several versions of Planet X proposed
32:22 - Don't forget to send us your questions via our website
www.spacenutspodcast.com/ama 
✍️ Episode References
James Webb Space Telescope
https://www.jwst.nasa.gov/
Dark Sky Traveller
http://darkskytraveller.com.au/
Methuselah Star (HD 140283)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HD_140283
Great Attractor
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Attractor
Planet Nine
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet_Nine
Lagrange Points
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagrange_point

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Space Nuts Episode 487: Rethinking the Universe - Dark Energy, Comet Atlas, and Pluto's Moon Mystery
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson as they welcome the newest member to the team and kick off the first episode of 2025 with groundbreaking discussions and cosmic revelations. This episode is packed with intriguing topics, including a revolutionary paper challenging our understanding of dark energy, a mesmerizing comet lighting up our skies, and a fresh perspective on how Pluto acquired its moon, Charon.
Episode Highlights:
- Dark Energy Debate: Explore the bold new paper suggesting the universe might not have dark energy and isn't expanding as we thought. Fred Watson and guest Professor Jonti Horner delve into the implications of this paradigm-shifting research and what it means for the future of cosmology.
- Comet C/2024 G3 Atlas: Discover the celestial wonder of Comet Atlas, a once-in-160,000-year event. Learn about its journey close to the sun and how you can catch a glimpse of this spectacular comet in the night sky.
- Pluto's Moon Charon: Uncover the fascinating story behind Pluto's largest moon, Charon. Jonti Horner explains the new theory of a gentle collision that might have led to Charon's capture, providing fresh insights into the dynamics of our solar system.
- Astronomical Events of 2025: Get a sneak peek into the best celestial events to look forward to this year, including lunar eclipses and meteor showers.
For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed and to listen to all our episodes, visit our website. Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on Facebook, X, YouTube Music Music, Tumblr, Instagram, and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favourite platform.
For more Space and Astronomy News Podcasts, visit our HQ at www.bitesz.com.
If you'd like to help support Space Nuts and join our growing family of insiders for commercial-free episodes and more, visit spacenutspodcast.com/about
Stay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.
00:00 - Andrew Dunkley returns to Space Nuts with Professor Fred Watson
02:21 - Professor Jonti Horner is filling in for Fred for next month
04:38 - New research suggests the universe has no dark energy and isn't expanding
13:31 - Andrew Dunkley: The dark energy model fits the, uh, data better
16:21 - C 2024 G3 Atlas was discovered in 2024
22:51 - Fred says people should look out for comet in the evening sky next week
27:05 - This is an interesting story about how Pluto got its moon
34:02 - The encounter between Theia and Pluto lasted 10 hours, Fred says
36:43 - This year is absolutely terrible for eclipses of the sun
40:09 - Andrew Dunkley: Thanks to Professor Fred Watson and Professor Jonti Horner
✍️ Episode References
University of Southern Queensland
[https://www.usq.edu.au/](https://www.usq.edu.au/)
University of Canterbury
[https://www.canterbury.ac.nz/](https://www.canterbury.ac.nz/)
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
[https://academic.oup.com/mnras](https://academic.oup.com/mnras)
Dark Energy Survey
[https://www.darkenergysurvey.org/](https://www.darkenergysurvey.org/)
Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO)
[https://sohowww.nascom.nasa.gov/](https://sohowww.nascom.nasa.gov/)
Space.com
[https://www.space.com/](https://www.space.com/)
Stellarium
[https://stellarium.org/](https://stellarium.org/)


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Space Nuts Episode 486: James Webb's First Image and Cosmic Mysteries Unveiled
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson as they delve into the latest astronomical marvels in this exciting episode of Space Nuts. From the groundbreaking first image captured by the James Webb Space Telescope to intriguing listener questions about galaxy sizes and cosmic mysteries, this episode is packed with stellar insights.
Episode Highlights:
- James Webb's First Image: Discover the breathtaking first image from the James Webb Space Telescope, revealing a cluster of galaxies in stunning detail. Learn how this new tool surpasses the Hubble Telescope's capabilities and what it means for the future of space exploration.
- Galaxy Size Anomalies: Explore the fascinating question from Alex in New South Wales about why galaxies appear to change size at different distances. Fred Watson Watson explains the peculiar properties of our expanding universe that lead to this phenomenon.
- Dark Matter Discoveries: Anna from Astronomy Daily shares groundbreaking research into the GD1 Stellar Stream, suggesting a new understanding of dark matter involving self-interacting subhalos. Discover how this could revolutionise our knowledge of the universe's fundamental structure.
- China's Rocket Advancements: Learn about China's impressive technological strides with successful tests of multiple rocket engines in a single day. Understand how these developments could impact future lunar and Mars missions.
For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed and to listen to all our episodes, visit our website. Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on Facebook, X, YouTube Music, Tumblr, Instagram, and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favourite platform.
For more Space and Astronomy News Podcasts, visit our HQ at www.bitesz.com.
If you'd like to help support Space Nuts and join our growing family of insiders for commercial-free episodes and more, visit spacenutspodcast.com/about
Stay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.
00:00 - Andrew Dunkley welcomes Professor Fred Watson to Space Nuts
02:53 - The James Webb Space Telescope has released its first deep field image
10:32 - Fred and Andrew welcome Alex from Bellingen, New South Wales
11:00 - It's common understanding that distance reduces apparent size of galaxies
15:31 - Astronomers may have finally cracked a long standing cosmic mystery about GD1
17:57 - China conducted tests of five different rocket engines in a single day
✍️ Episode References
James Webb Space Telescope
https://www.jwst.nasa.gov/
Hubble Space Telescope
https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/hubble/main/index.html
SMACS 0723
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SMACS_J0723.3%E2%80%937327
Abel clusters
https://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/level5/Abell/frames.html
Astronomy Daily
https://astronomydaily.io/
China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation
http://www.spacechina.com/n25/n2014789/English/index.html


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Space Nuts Episode 485: Imaging the Unimaginable - Sagittarius A*, Dark Matter Theories, and Astronomy's Bright Future
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this engaging episode of Space Nuts as they delve into the latest astronomical breakthroughs and thought-provoking listener questions. From capturing the elusive image of Sagittarius A*, the black hole at the centre of our galaxy, to exploring intriguing theories about dark matter and energy, this episode promises to expand your cosmic horizons.
Episode Highlights:
- First Image of Sagittarius A*: Discover the groundbreaking achievement of imaging the supermassive black hole at the heart of our Milky Way. Learn about the challenges faced by astronomers and the significance of this monumental discovery.
- Dark Matter and Energy Theories: Dive into a listener's speculative question about the nature of dark matter and energy. Explore the possibilities of anti-gravity and the mysteries that continue to baffle scientists.
- The Future of Astronomy: Hear from a listener in India contemplating a career in astronomy versus physics. Fred Watson Watson shares insights into the promising future of astronomy and the diverse opportunities available within the field.
- Space News with Anna: Get the latest updates on the private space sector, including Toyota's investment in Interstellar Technologies and NASA's revamped Mars Sample Return mission. Learn how these developments could shape the future of space exploration.
For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed and to listen to all our episodes, visit our website. Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on Facebook, X, YouTube Music, Tumblr, Instagram, and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favourite platform.
For more Space and Astronomy News Podcasts, visit our HQ at www.bitesz.com.
Become a supporter of this podcast in 2025 for extended commercial-free episodes and more. Visit our Support page for options: spacenutspodcast.com/about
Stay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.
00:00 - Space Nuts is taking a bit of a break at the moment
00:21 - Professor Fred Watson joins us to talk astronomy and space science on Space Nuts
02:26 - Scientists have finally released an image of a black hole in our Milky Way galaxy
09:36 - Professor Fred Watson answers Space Nuts' question and answer segment
10:14 - Mike: Gravity in the lack of mass may explain Voyager slowing down
16:05 - Should I go for pure physics or astronomy after graduation? Kabir asks
21:24 - Andrew: Kabir, find something you love and turn it into a career
23:34 - Japanese startup Interstellar Technologies has secured major investment from Toyota
25:34 - NASA has unveiled a major overhaul of their Mars sample return mission
27:32 - Anna shares latest developments in space science with the SpaceNuts podcast

✍️ Episode References
Interstellar Technologies
[Interstellar Technologies](https://www.istellartech.com/)
Event Horizon Telescope
[Event Horizon Telescope](https://eventhorizontelescope.org/)
James Webb Space Telescope
[James Webb Space Telescope](https://www.jwst.nasa.gov/)
NASA Mars Sample Return Mission
[NASA Mars Sample Return Mission](https://mars.nasa.gov/msr/)
Astronomy Daily
[Astronomy Daily](https://astronomydaily.io/)
Woven By Toyota
[Woven By Toyota](https://woven.toyota/en/)

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Space Nuts Episode 484: Unveiling Moon Mysteries, Fermi Paradox Insights, and Mars Terraforming Challenges - A Holiday Special Episode
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson as they delve into the fascinating realms of lunar exploration, the enigmatic Fermi Paradox, and the challenges of terraforming Mars in this captivating episode of Space Nuts. Packed with scientific insights and thought-provoking discussions, this episode promises to ignite your curiosity about the cosmos.
Episode Highlights:
- Unsealing Apollo's Secrets: Discover the intriguing story behind the recently opened lunar sample from the Apollo 17 mission. Learn why scientists waited 50 years to examine this precious material and what it could reveal about landslides on the Moon and its geological mysteries.
- Fermi Paradox Explored: Dive into the Fermi Paradox with a listener's question about the formation of life and elements beyond iron. Explore the possibilities of why we haven't encountered extraterrestrial civilizations and the implications for our place in the universe.
- Terraforming Mars: Engage in a speculative discussion about the feasibility of reactivating Mars' core to sustain an atmosphere. Explore the challenges of creating a habitable environment on the Red Planet and the limitations posed by its size and magnetic field.
- Space News with Anna: Get the latest updates on SpaceX's upcoming Starship test flight and Blue Origin's New Glenn rocket debut. Learn about the exciting advancements in satellite deployment and the future of heavy-lift launch vehicles.
For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed and to listen to all our episodes, visit our website. Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on Facebook, X, YouTube Music Music, Tumblr, Instagram, and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favourite platform.
For more Space and Astronomy News Podcasts, visit our HQ at www.bitesz.com.
If you'd like to help support Space Nuts and join our growing family of insiders for commercial-free episodes and more, visit spacenutspodcast.com/about
Stay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.
00:00 - Andrew Dunkley welcomes Professor Fred Watson to Space Nuts
02:13 - Apollo astronauts brought back 2,196 samples from the moon in 1960s
09:41 - The Moon is once again drawing a lot of attention with ambitious plans
12:38 - If you want to become a patron of our podcast, you can do so online
13:59 - Question comes from Simon from Newcastle about the formation of elements and Fermi paradox
15:33 - The Fermi paradox is about where is everybody in the universe
22:16 - Without an active core Mars will not be able to sustain an atmosphere
28:26 - SpaceX is gearing up for their seventh Starship test flight on January 10
30:17 - Blue Origin preparing to launch their first New Glenn rocket on January 6th
32:38 - Space Nuts is a twice weekly podcast from Bitesz. com
✍️ Episode References
NASA
https://www.nasa.gov
Apollo 17 mission
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollo_17
Artemis mission
https://www.nasa.gov/specials/artemis/
SpaceX Starship
https://www.spacex.com/vehicles/starship/
Blue Origin New Glenn
https://www.blueorigin.com/new-glenn/
James Webb Space Telescope
https://www.jwst.nasa.gov
Enrico Fermi
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enrico_Fermi
Galileo's experiment
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galileo%27s_Leaning_Tower_of_Pisa_experiment
Astronomy Daily
https://www.astronomydaily.io
Bitesz.com
https://www.bitesz.com


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Space Nuts Episode: Gemstone Rain on Exoplanets and the Reliability of Research Papers #483
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson as they explore the wonders of the cosmos in another intriguing episode of Space Nuts. This week, dive into the fascinating world of exoplanets with gemstone rain and discuss the reliability of research papers with insightful audience questions.
Episode Highlights:
- Gemstone Rain on Exoplanet WASP-121b: Discover the extraordinary exoplanet where it rains gemstones. Learn about the unique atmospheric conditions that lead to such exotic precipitation and the incredible journey of water and other materials across this tidally locked world.
- Reliability of Research Papers: Delve into a thought-provoking discussion about the accuracy of scientific research papers. Explore how often published findings might be influenced by bias or statistical errors and what this means for fields like astronomy.
- Space Debris in Kenya: Hear about the unexpected arrival of a massive metal object in a Kenyan village, identified as a separation ring from a rocket launch. Understand the implications of such events and the protocols followed under International Space Law.
- Gravitational Wave Detection Breakthrough: Learn about a new technique called optical spring tracking that could significantly enhance our ability to detect gravitational waves. Discover how this advancement could provide insights into cosmic events from the earliest moments of the universe.
For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed and to listen to all our episodes, visit our website. Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on Facebook, X, YouTube Music, YouTube Music Music, Tumblr, Instagram, and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favourite platform.
For more Space and Astronomy News Podcasts, visit our HQ at www.bitesz.com.
If you'd like to help support Space Nuts and join our growing family of insiders for commercial-free episodes and more, visit spacenutspodcast.com/about
Stay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.
00:00 - This is Space Nuts, where we talk astronomy and space science
01:41 - Andrew Bennett: There's an exoplanet that rains gemstones
05:08 - You observe the star's light throughout the orbital period of the planet
12:09 - You can help support the Space Nuts podcast through Patreon or Supercast
13:47 - Bob from North Carolina has two questions for Professor Watson about scientific accuracy
22:12 - A metal object plummeted from space and landed in a Kenyan village on Tuesday
23:34 - Scientists have developed a new technique called optical spring tracking to detect gravitational waves
✍️ Episode References
WASP-121b
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WASP-121b
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
https://www.mit.edu/
Johns Hopkins University
https://www.jhu.edu/
Caltech
https://www.caltech.edu/
Hubble Space Telescope
https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/hubble/main/index.html
phys.org
https://phys.org/
Astronomy Daily
https://astronomydaily.io/
Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO)
https://www.ligo.caltech.edu/


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Space Nuts Episode: Dark Energy Discoveries, Ancient Peruvian Observatories, and Solar Proximity #482
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson as they explore groundbreaking discoveries in this fascinating episode of Space Nuts. From potential evidence of dark energy to the mysteries of an ancient Peruvian observatory, and the record-breaking feats of NASA's Parker Solar Probe, this episode is packed with cosmic insights and historical wonders.
Episode Highlights:
- Dark Energy Detection: Dive into the latest research from the University of Cambridge, where scientists may have accidentally stumbled upon evidence of dark energy. Explore the significance of this potential discovery and its implications for the future of physics.
- Ancient Peruvian Observatory: Discover the story behind a 2,200-year-old observatory in Peru, recently granted World Heritage status. Learn about its role in ancient civilization and the remarkable precision of its astronomical alignments.
- Parker Solar Probe's Record-Breaking Mission: Marvel at NASA's Parker Solar Probe as it makes its closest-ever approach to the Sun, achieving unprecedented speeds and providing new insights into solar physics. Understand how this mission is reshaping our knowledge of the Sun's mysterious processes.
For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed and to listen to all our episodes, visit our website. Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on Facebook, X, YouTube Music, Tumblr, Instagram, and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favourite platform.
For more Space and Astronomy News Podcasts, visit our HQ at www.bitesz.com.
Become a supporter of this podcast for extended commercial-free episodes and more. Visit our Support page for options: spacenutspodcast.com/about
Stay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.
00:00 - Space Nuts is taking a bit of a break at the moment
01:30 - University of Cambridge scientists looking for detection of dark energy using Italian telescope
08:07 - Peruvian observatory that was discovered in 2005 has hit the news again
14:26 - NASA's Parker Solar Probe made its closest ever approach to the Sun
17:29 - NASA is getting ready to announce major changes to its Mars sample return mission
18:56 - From record breaking solar encounters to the evolving plans for Mars
✍️ Episode References
University of Cambridge
[University of Cambridge](https://www.cam.ac.uk/)
Gran Sasso National Laboratory
[Gran Sasso National Laboratory](https://www.lngs.infn.it/en)
University of Leicester
[University of Leicester](https://le.ac.uk/)
NASA Parker Solar Probe
[NASA Parker Solar Probe](https://www.nasa.gov/content/goddard/parker-solar-probe)
NASA Mars Sample Return Mission
[NASA Mars Sample Return Mission](https://mars.nasa.gov/msr/)
Astronomy Daily
[Astronomy Daily](https://astronomydaily.io)


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Space Nuts: Lunar Cycles, Coastal Flooding, and Cosmic Celebrations #481
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson as they delve into the intriguing intersection of lunar cycles and climate change, and special guest Anna, the host of Astronomy Daily the Podcast, pops in with heartwarming holiday celebrations aboard the International Space Station, part of a quick news update. This episode promises a mix of scientific insights and festive cheer from the cosmos.
Episode Highlights:
- Lunar Cycle and Coastal Flooding: Discover how the Moon's 18.6-year cycle, combined with climate change, may lead to increased coastal flooding by the mid-2030s. Understand the astronomical and environmental factors contributing to this phenomenon and the potential impact on low-lying regions.
- Holiday Spirit in Space: Experience the festive atmosphere aboard the International Space Station as astronauts share their unique holiday celebrations, complete with floating candy canes and a creatively crafted snowman.
- Ancient Galactic Twin: Learn about the James Webb Space Telescope's latest discovery of a galaxy that mirrors the Milky Way in its infancy. This "Firefly Sparkle" galaxy offers unprecedented insights into our cosmic past and the formation of star clusters.
For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed and to listen to all our episodes, visit our website. Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on Facebook, X, YouTube, YouTube Music, Tumblr, Instagram, and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favourite platform.
For more Space and Astronomy News Podcasts, visit our HQ at www.bitesz.com.
If you'd like to help support Space Nuts and join our growing family of insiders for commercial-free episodes and more, visit spacenutspodcast.com/about
Stay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.
00:00 - Andrew Dunkley welcomes astronomer at large Professor Fred Watson to the show
01:25 - NASA warns that when combined with climate change, high tides could reach flooding thresholds
09:22 - I find the influence of the moon on our waterways fascinating
10:21 - Anna news update: The International Space Station is celebrating the holidays with a festive video message
11:52 - The James Webb Space Telescope has just discovered an ancient galaxy called Firefly sparkle
14:59 - Anna shares stories about holiday celebrations in space and ancient galaxy discoveries
✍️ Episode References
NASA
[NASA](https://www.nasa.gov/)
International Space Station
[International Space Station](https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/main/index.html)
James Webb Space Telescope
[James Webb Space Telescope](https://www.jwst.nasa.gov/)
University of Hawaii
[University of Hawaii](https://www.hawaii.edu/)
Astronomy Daily
[Astronomy Daily](https://astronomydaily.io)
Wellesley College
[Wellesley College](https://www.wellesley.edu/)
Space Nuts Podcast
[Space Nuts Podcast](https://www.bitesz.com/show/space-nuts/)
Astronomy Daily Podcast
[Astronomy Daily Podcast](https://astronomydaily.io)



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Space Nuts Episode: Dyson Spheres, Dark Matter, and Time Distortions #480
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in the final fresh episode of the year as they tackle intriguing questions from listeners around the globe. From the mysteries of Dyson spheres to the enigmatic effects of dark matter and the curious nature of time distortion, this Q&A edition is packed with cosmic conundrums and insightful discussions.
Episode Highlights:
- Dyson Spheres and Stellar Light: Explore the concept of Dyson spheres and their impact on planetary light and life. Uncover the truth about these megastructures and how they might affect solar systems.
- Dark Matter's Gravitational Pull: Delve into the hypothetical scenario of encountering a glob of dark matter in space. Understand the gravitational effects and whether a spaceship could be ensnared by dark matter's invisible clutches.
- Black Holes and Time-Space Switch: Investigate the theory that space and time swap roles beyond a black hole's event horizon. Consider the implications of this switch on the nature of escape and time travel.
- Time Distortion Without Gravity: Contemplate the possibility of time distortion occurring independently of gravity. Examine the connection between time, gravity, and acceleration as proposed by Einstein's theories.
For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed and to listen to all our episodes, visit our website. Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on Facebook, X, YouTube, Tumblr, Instagram, and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favourite platform.
For more Space and Astronomy News Podcasts, visit our HQ at www.bitesz.com.
Become a supporter of this podcast for extended commercial-free episodes and more. Visit our Support page for options: spacenutspodcast.com/about
Stay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.
00:00 - This is our final regular Space Nuts episode of the year
01:45 - If a Dyson sphere surrounds a star, how does the planet get light
09:00 - Andrew Dunkley: Can dark matter be thrown out of a galaxy
12:38 - Fred from Sweden has yet another question about black holes
14:35 - There's a nice question on um, the physics stack exchange
16:23 - Buddy from Oregon asks question about time distortion and gravity
21:36 - Fred did a search on Google about the biggest astronomy stories of 2024
23:45 - We'll be digging up stories from the archives over the next few weeks
24:54 - Andrew Dunkley thanks Professor Fred Watson
✍️ Episode References
Dyson Sphere
[Dyson Sphere](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyson_sphere)
Science Magazine
[Science Magazine](https://www.sciencemag.org/)
Square Kilometre Array
[Square Kilometre Array](https://www.skatelescope.org/)
Contact (Movie)
[Contact (1997)](https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0118884/)
RAVE Project
[RAVE Project](https://www.rave-survey.org/)

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This episode is brought to you with the support of Incogni...the best way to cleanup your privacy online and remain that way. To get our special 60% off offer, visit www.incogni.com/spacenuts

Space Nuts Episode: Stink in Space, Sombrero Galaxy, and Dark Energy Revelations #479
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson as they explore the latest cosmic events in this entertaining episode of Space Nuts. From a mysterious odour aboard the International Space Station to stunning images of the Sombrero Galaxy and groundbreaking theories on dark energy, this episode is packed with stellar insights and astronomical wonders.
Episode Highlights:
- International Space Station's Stinky Situation: Discover the unexpected odour that caused astronauts to temporarily seal off a recently docked Russian supply ship. Explore the potential causes and the measures taken to ensure the crew's safety.
- Sombrero Galaxy's New Look: Marvel at the breathtaking mid-infrared images of the Sombrero Galaxy captured by the James Webb Space Telescope. Learn about the intricate details revealed in the galaxy's dusty rings and the presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
- Dark Energy's New Twist: Delve into the latest research suggesting that dark energy might not be constant, challenging our understanding of the universe's expansion. Consider the implications of this potential paradigm shift in cosmology.
For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed and to listen to all our episodes, visit our website. Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on Facebook, X, YouTube, Tumblr, Instagram, and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a review, message or comment on your favourite platform.
For more Space and Astronomy News Podcasts, visit our HQ at www.bitesz.com.
Become a supporter of this podcast for extended commercial-free episodes and more. Visit our Support page for options: spacenutspodcast.com/about
Stay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.
For our special NordVPN deal, visit www.bitesz.com/nordvpn
00:00 - Andrew Dunkley hosts Space Nuts, where we talk astronomy and space science
01:08 - Professor Fred Watson will be doing archival episodes over the Christmas New Year period
03:02 - Bad smell coming from Russian spacecraft docking with International Space Station
09:01 - Arthur Dent. What a name. Only Douglas Adams could think up a name like that
09:24 - Andrew Dunkley says odour on International Space Station could be anything
11:09 - Incogni is a way of cleaning up your online presence
13:17 - James Webb telescope has taken a marvellous mid infrared image of galaxy
18:32 - The James Webb Space Telescope is seeking 78,000 hours of observing time
24:54 - Andrew Dunkley and Fred Watson discuss the accelerating expansion of the universe
32:25 - Fred Watson: This could indicate new physics that we don't yet understand
✍️ Episode References
Space.com
[https://www.space.com](https://www.space.com)
Phys.org
[https://www.phys.org](https://www.phys.org)
Incogni
[https://www.incogni.com/spacenuts](https://www.incogni.com/spacenuts)
Bytes.com
[https://www.bytes.com](https://www.bytes.com)


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Space Nuts Episode #478 Q&A
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this engaging Q&A edition of Space Nuts as they tackle intriguing questions from listeners worldwide. From the massive size of Jupiter to the nature of gravity and the mysteries of the universe's accelerating expansion, this episode is packed with cosmic conundrums and insightful discussions.
Episode Highlights:
- Jupiter's Massive Growth: Dive into the fascinating story of why Jupiter grew to such a colossal size compared to other planets. Explore the role of gas accretion, planetesimals, and the runaway growth effect in shaping the largest planet in our solar system.
- The Nature of Gravity: Examine the intriguing question of whether gravity is finite or infinite. Discover the complexities of gravitational waves, the stiffness of Space, and how these concepts influence our understanding of gravity's reach.
- The Night Sky in Earth's Early Era: Imagine standing on Earth when it first formed and ponder what the night sky would have looked like. Understand how the universe's expansion and the redshift of the Big Bang's light affect our cosmic view.
- The Fate of Comets: Consider the life cycle of comets and whether they can lose enough material to become nothing. Learn about the trails of dust left behind and their connection to meteor showers.
- Solar Panels at Night: Explore the possibility of generating solar power at night using light from stars and the moon. Delve into the limitations of current technology and the potential for future innovations.
- The Universe's Accelerating Expansion: Discuss the acceleration of the universe's expansion and whether it is constant or variable. Contemplate the implications for our understanding of dark energy and the structure of the universe.
For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed and to listen to all our episodes, visit our website. Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on facebook, X, YouTube, Tumblr, Instagram, and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favourite platform.
For more Space and Astronomy News Podcasts, visit our HQ at www.bitesz.com.
If you'd like to help support Space Nuts and join our growing family of insiders for commercial-free episodes and more, visit spacenutspodcast.com/about
Stay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.
00:00 - This is a Q and A episode where we let the audience set the agenda
01:19 - Why did Jupiter grow to such a massive size compared to other planets
07:30 - Dean in Queensland has a question about whether gravity is infinite or finite
12:00 - Dean: We really don't understand gravity. Well, it'll be when quantum gravity really comes of age
13:50 - Professor Fred Watson answers a few quick fire questions via text message
14:22 - Given the night sky seems fairly full of stars to the naked eye today
18:26 - Could you develop solar panels that work at night by collecting energy from other stars
20:04 - Daniel asks whether the rate of acceleration is constant or ever so slightly variable
25:49 - The Space Nuts podcast group Facebook page has thousands of members
✍️ Episode References
Scientific American article on Jupiter's growth
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/why-was-jupiters-rapid-growth-spurt-delayed-for-millions-of-years/
Nature Astronomy journal
https://www.nature.com/natastron/

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Space Nuts Episode: Ryugu's Microbial Mystery, Martian Moon Origins, and Galactic Collisions
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson as they explore the latest cosmic revelations. From unexpected microbial contamination of Richie asteroid samples to a groundbreaking theory on the formation of Mars's moons, and the first results from a new instrument on the William Herschel Telescope, this episode is packed with stellar insights and astronomical wonders.
Episode Highlights:
- Richie Asteroid Contamination: Delve into the challenges of keeping extraterrestrial samples free from Earth's microbes. Despite stringent sterilisation efforts, Richie samples returned by Hayabusa2 show signs of terrestrial contamination, raising questions about planetary protection protocols.
- Martian Moons' New Origin Theory: Discover a fresh perspective on how Phobos and Deimos may have formed. A new model suggests that these moons originated from debris of an asteroid that broke apart due to Mars's gravitational forces, offering an alternative to previous impact and capture theories.
- Galactic Collisions Unveiled: Explore the first findings from the WEAVE instrument on the William Herschel Telescope. By studying Stefan's Quintet, astronomers reveal the staggering speeds of shock waves from colliding galaxies, shedding light on cosmic interactions and future Milky Way-Andromeda collision scenarios.
For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed and to listen to all our episodes, visit our website. Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on facebook, X, YouTube, Tumblr, Instagram, and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favourite platform.
For more Space and Astronomy News Podcasts, visit our HQ at www.bitesz.com.
Become a supporter of this podcast for extended commercial-free episodes and more. Visit our Support page for options: spacenutspodcast.com/about
Stay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.
00:00 - Andrew Dunkley: Coming up on this edition of Space Nuts
01:15 - This episode will be officially released two days after your 800th birthday
02:29 - Justin Jackson says Ryugu samples show effort to keep them clean has failed
12:12 - If that can happen in a room that's designed not to allow it
12:47 - New theory put forward about origin of moon's phobos and Deimos
21:22 - Andrew Dunkley says spherical potatoes could be useful in space missions
22:46 - Fred looks at an instrument connected to the William Herschel telescope
26:45 - Professor Gavin Dalton has been working on the William Herschel Telescope
31:30 - We've got similar collision speeds as Andromeda.
✍️ Episode References
Imperial College London
[imperial.ac.uk](https://www.imperial.ac.uk/)
Meteoritics and Planetary Science Journal
[wiley.com](https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/19455100)
phys.org
[phys.org](https://phys.org/)
Durham University
[durham.ac.uk](https://www.dur.ac.uk/)
NASA Spaceflight
[nasaspaceflight.com](https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/)
JAXA (Japanese Aerospace Exploration Agency)
[jaxa.jp](https://www.jaxa.jp/)
William Herschel Telescope
[ing.iac.es](http://www.ing.iac.es/astronomy/telescopes/wht/)
Isaac Newton Group of Telescopes
[ing.iac.es](http://www.ing.iac.es/)


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Space Nuts #476 Q&A: Gravitational Waves, Space Stations, and Ultra Massive Black Holes
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this engaging Q&A edition of Space Nuts as they tackle intriguing questions from listeners worldwide. From the curious nature of gravitational waves to the feasibility of a dual orbiting space station, and the mystery of ultra massive black holes, this episode is full of cosmic conundrums and insightful discussions.
Episode Highlights:
- Gravitational Waves Conundrum: Explore whether gravitational waves can reflect or refract like light or sound waves. Understand the unique nature of these quadrupole waves and how they interact with the fabric of Space.
- Orbiting Space Stations: Delve into the concept of a space station orbiting both Earth and the Moon in a figure 8 pattern. Discuss the challenges of such an endeavour and its potential impact on lunar missions.
- China's Satellite Constellations: Examine the implications of China's new satellite constellation and the efforts to reduce their visibility, similar to SpaceX's Starlink.
- Ultra Massive Black Holes: Investigate the possibility of ultra massive black holes residing in cosmic voids and their potential role in the universe's large-scale structure.
- Spacesuit Compatibility Issues: Understand the challenges faced by astronauts due to incompatible spacesuits between Boeing's Starliner and SpaceX's Dragon capsule.
For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed and to listen to all our episodes, visit our website. Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on facebook, X, YouTube, Tumblr, Instagram, and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favourite platform.
For more Space and Astronomy News Podcasts, visit our HQ at www.bitesz.com.
If you'd like to help support Space Nuts and join our growing family of insiders for commercial-free episodes and more, visit spacenutspodcast.com/about
To check out a couple of our sponsors visit NordVPN and OldGlory
Stay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.
00:00 - This edition of Space Nuts will focus on gravitational waves
01:28 - Colin asks is there any evidence that gravitational waves reflect or refract
06:25 - Is it possible to have a space station orbiting both Earth and the moon
09:39 - With China adding a new, currently visible satellite constellation, are discussions being had
13:39 - Professor Fred Watson answers audience questions in Q and A edition
19:55 - Your final question reflects on an issue we spoke about recently
21:09 - Mark asks about spacesuit compatibility between Boeing Starliner and SpaceX Dragon
26:51 - If you have questions for us, please send them through via our website
✍️ Episode References
SpaceX
https://www.spacex.com/
Starlink
https://www.starlink.com/
Apollo 8
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollo_8
Artemis Programme
https://www.nasa.gov/specials/artemis/
International Space Station (ISS)
https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/main/index.html
USA Today
https://www.usatoday.com/
Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (COPUOS)
https://www.unoosa.org/oosa/en/ourwork/copuos/index.html 

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Space Nuts Episode 475: Skynet's Secret, Rocket Dreams, and Magenta Mysteries
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson as they delve into the latest cosmic stories and uncover the mysteries of the universe. From the fall of a pioneering rocket company to the unexpected movement of the UK's oldest satellite, and the vibrant magenta aurorae over Japan, this episode is packed with fascinating insights and celestial curiosities.
Episode Highlights:
- Reaction Engines' Setback: Discover the tragic halt in development for the UK company aiming to revolutionise Space travel with their innovative Space plane, Skylon. Learn about the SABRE engine's potential and the financial hurdles that have stalled this groundbreaking project.
- Skynet's Mysterious Move: Uncover the curious case of Skynet 1A, the UK's oldest satellite, which has mysteriously shifted its position in orbit. Explore the potential implications of this movement and the historical context of this Cold War era satellite.
- Magenta Aurorae Explained: Dive into the world of citizen science as we explore how amateur astronomers helped explain the appearance of magenta aurorae over Japan. Understand the atmospheric conditions and solar activity that led to this rare and beautiful phenomenon.
For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed and to listen to all our episodes, visit our website. Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on facebook, X, YouTube, Tumblr, Instagram, and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favourite platform.
For more Space and Astronomy News Podcasts, visit our HQ at www.bitesz.com.
Become a supporter of this podcast for extended commercial free episodes and more. Visit our Support page for options: https://spacenutspodcast.com/about (A great Christmas Present idea...just saying)
Stay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.
00:00 - This is Space Nuts where we talk, uh, astronomy and space science
02:02 - Company trying to develop rocket motor to get into orbit has run out of money
08:11 - Professor Fred Watson says SpaceX's proposed rocket would have been environmentally friendly
12:11 - Someone apparently moved UK's oldest satellite, which was launched in 1969
19:57 - Fred Wa says Americans originally controlled satellite's orbit but RAF eventually took control
22:49 - This year has been an astounding year in terms of being able to observe aurora
30:35 - Andrew Dunkley: Thanks for your company, Fred
✍️ Episode References
Reaction Engines
[Reaction Engines](https://www.reactionengines.co.uk/)
Universe Today
[Universe Today](https://www.universetoday.com/)
BBC
[BBC](https://www.bbc.com/)
Optus
[Optus](https://www.optus.com.au/)
Lockheed Blackbird
[Lockheed Blackbird](https://www.lockheedmartin.com/en-us/index.html)
SpaceX
[SpaceX](https://www.spacex.com/)
Phys.org
[Phys.org](https://phys.org/)


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Space Nuts Episode 474 Q&A: Cosmic Constellations, Comet Mysteries, and Citizen Science
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson as they explore the wonders of the universe in this Q&A edition of Space Nuts. From the shifting constellations as you journey through Space to the enigmatic nature of comets and the age of the universe, this episode is packed with celestial insights and intriguing questions from our audience.
Episode Highlights:
- Constellations from Afar: Discover how the constellations we know would appear from different vantage points in Space. How far must you travel before the familiar star patterns become unrecognisable?
- Comet Tsuchinshan-ATLAS: Delve into the story of Comet Tsuchinshan-ATLAS, its recent appearance in our skies, and the question of whether it has visited our solar system before. Learn about the signs that indicate a comet's history and its journey from the Oort Cloud.
- Age of the Universe: Uncover the methods used to determine the age of the universe, including the role of the Hubble constant and the importance of measuring cosmic distances. How close are we to knowing the exact age?
- Citizen Science Opportunities: Explore the world of citizen science and how you can contribute to astronomical discoveries. From asteroid occultations to light curve data, find out how you can be part of the scientific community.
For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed and to listen to all our episodes, visit our website. Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on facebook, X, YouTube, Tumblr, Instagram, and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favourite platform.
For more Space and Astronomy News Podcasts, visit our HQ at www.bitesz.com.
Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spacenutspodcast.com/about
Stay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.
00:00 - Space Nuts Q and A edition with Professor Fred Watson
01:29 - Roger asks how far can you go before constellations start getting disoriented
07:45 - Professor Fred and Andrew answer your questions about the Space Nuts podcast
09:13 - On the nights I was best able to observe it, it was cloudy
10:49 - Could this comet be its first visit into the inner solar system
13:47 - How did we measure how old the universe is? Thanks, Fred
19:16 - Sandy asks what is the greatest astronomical discovery by a citizen scientist
✍️ Episode References
Space Nuts Podcast
[Space Nuts Podcast](https://www.spacenutspodcast.com)
New Horizons
[New Horizons](https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/newhorizons/main/index.html)
Zooniverse
[Zooniverse](https://www.zooniverse.org)
DreamLab App
[DreamLab](https://www.vodafone.com.au/about/news-centre/dreamlab)
Unistellar
[Unistellar](https://unistellaroptics.com)
Galaxy Zoo
[Galaxy Zoo](https://www.zooniverse.org/projects/zookeeper/galaxy-zoo)

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Space Nuts Episode 473: Volcanic Worlds, Vanishing Stars, and Uranus Mysteries
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson as they embark on a cosmic journey exploring the fiery phenomena of volcanoes, the curious case of a supernova that wasn't, and the peculiarities of Uranus in this episode of Space Nuts.
Episode Highlights:
- Volcanic Exoplanets: Discover the latest findings on an exoplanet, L98-59d, which may be volcanically active or even a molten world. Learn how the James Webb Space Telescope has helped uncover the atmospheric signatures indicating volcanic activity.
- The Supernova That Never Was: Delve into the enigmatic story of a star in the Andromeda Galaxy that collapsed into a black hole without the typical supernova explosion. Understand the theories behind this rare cosmic event and its implications for black hole formation.
- Revisiting Uranus: Re-examine the data from Voyager 2's flyby of Uranus, revealing new insights into the planet's magnetosphere and challenging previous assumptions. Discover how a solar flare might have skewed our understanding of this gas giant.
For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed and to listen to all our episodes, visit our website. Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on facebook, X, YouTube, Tumblr, Instagram, and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favourite platform.
For more Space and Astronomy News Podcasts, visit our HQ at www.bitesz.com.
If you'd like to help support Space Nuts and join our growing family of insiders, visit spacenutspodcast.com/about
Stay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.
00:00 - This episode is dedicated to volcanoes, supernovas that were not
01:04 - Icelandic word for double L has two double L's in it
02:58 - An exoplanet that scientists think might be volcanic has been discovered
10:20 - L98.59D is very close to its parent star
12:38 - A supernova that did not happen has turned into a black hole
21:22 - Andrew Dunkley says black holes are characterised by very few parameters
22:57 - New research on Uranus suggests its magnetic bubble may have been distorted
✍️ Episode References
Space Nuts Podcast
https://www.bitesz.com/show/space-nuts/
Professor Fred Watson
https://www.fredwatson.com.au/
Eyjafjallajökull
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eyjafjallaj%C3%B6kull
TikTok
https://www.tiktok.com/
Vanuatu
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanuatu
Denpasar, Indonesia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denpasar
NASA's TESS (Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite)
https://www.nasa.gov/tess-transiting-exoplanet-survey-satellite
NASA's Kepler Space Telescope
https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/kepler/main/index.html
James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)
https://www.jwst.nasa.gov/
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research
https://space.mit.edu/
Andromeda Galaxy (M31)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda_Galaxy
Phys.org
https://phys.org/
Cosmos Magazine
https://cosmosmagazine.com/
Voyager 2
https://voyager.jpl.nasa.gov/
Linda Spilker
https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/people/1618/linda-spilker/


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Space Nuts #472 Q&A Edition: Titan's Mysteries and Cosmic Curiosities
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this intriguing Q&A episode of Space Nuts, where they delve into the mysteries of our solar system and beyond, addressing questions from their curious audience. From the unique atmosphere of Titan to the hypothetical existence of Planet Nine, this episode is filled with captivating discussions and astronomical insights.
Episode Highlights:
- Titan's Atmospheric Enigma: Explore the origins of Titan's thick nitrogen atmosphere and its ability to retain it, unlike Mars. Discover the role of comets and organic chemistry in shaping this unique moon's environment.
- Tidal Locking Explained: Understand the gravitational phenomenon of tidal locking and why proximity and size matter. Learn about the differences in how natural and man-made satellites maintain their orientation.
- Planet Nine Hypothesis: Dive into a speculative theory about Planet Nine and its potential impact on Uranus and Mercury. Discuss the ongoing search for this elusive celestial body.
- Triton's Dwarf Planet Status: Uncover the history of Neptune's moon Triton and its possible past as a dwarf planet. Examine the characteristics that make Triton a fascinating world in its own right.
- Distinguishing Doppler Effects: Differentiate between Doppler shifts caused by relative motion and the redshift due to the universe's expansion. Explore how these phenomena are used to study cosmic objects.
For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed and to listen to all our episodes, visit our website. Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on facebook, X, YouTube, Tumblr, Instagram, and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favourite platform.
For more Space and Astronomy News Podcasts, visit our HQ at www.bitesz.com.
Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/space-nuts/support
or visit our Support page for more options: https://spacenutspodcast.com/about
Stay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.
00:00 - This is a Q and A episode and we will be doing some homework
01:17 - How come Titan can retain an atmosphere when Mars cannot
07:23 - Why is tidal locking a function of proximity of bound objects
11:00 - Ash Brisbane proposes that Planet Nine once existed on elliptical orbit
14:43 - Nigel from Brisbane Australia asks hypothetical question about Neptune's Triton
18:59 - Triton may have been formed much further out in the solar system
21:17 - Nigel asks where the word asteroid came from
23:24 - Fred answers question from Robert McCowan about Doppler effect
✍️ Episode References
Kelly Miller
https://www.swri.org
Space.com article
https://www.space.com/
saturn-moon-titan-makes-own-atmosphere.html
3--- Southwest Research Institute
https://www.swri.org
iHeartRadio
https://www.iheart.com
Apple Podcasts
https://www.apple.com/apple-podcasts/
Spotify
https://www.spotify.com
bitesz.com
https://www.bitesz.com

Space Nuts Episode 471: HERA's Journey and the Light of Healing
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this enlightening episode of Space Nuts, where they explore the latest developments in Space exploration and the fascinating role of light in both astronomy and human healing.
Episode Highlights:
- HERA Mission Milestones: Discover the latest updates on the HERA mission, including critical trajectory corrections and its upcoming Mars gravity assist. Learn about its objectives, including a close encounter with Mars' moon Deimos, and its ultimate goal of orbiting the asteroid Didymos.
- Black Hole Light Echoes: Delve into the intriguing concept of black hole light echoes and how light can be bent by gravity to create multiple observations of the same event. Understand the potential of using Very Long Baseline Interferometry to study these phenomena and what it could reveal about accretion discs.
- Healing with Light: Explore the historical and modern uses of light in medicine, from ancient sun worship to contemporary phototherapy treatments. Hear Andrew's personal experience with radiation therapy and the importance of regular health checks.
For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed and to listen to all our episodes, visit our website. Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on facebook, X, YouTube, Tumblr, Instagram, and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favourite platform.
For more Space and Astronomy News Podcasts, visit our HQ at www.bitesz.com.
Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/space-nuts/support.
Stay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.
00:00 - Andrew Dunkley: Coming up on Space Nuts is the HERA mission
02:11 - I'm interested in two different stories about light about the hero mission
02:59 - ESA's HERA mission will make a close approach to Mars next year
11:07 - Andrew Dunkley and Fred Watson discuss light echoes in Space Nuts
13:17 - Measuring Black Hole Light Echoes with Very Long Baseline Interferometry
21:42 - Measuring black hole light echoes with very long baseline interferometry
22:39 - Even since ancient times, we've used light for medical purposes
27:55 - Fred has been receiving radiation therapy for prostate cancer for five weeks now
34:16 - Professor Fred Watson: Believe me, I'll be around for next episode
✍️ Episode References
European Space Agency
https://www.esa.int
Phys.org
https://www.phys.org
Universe Today
https://www.universetoday.com
Astrophysical Journal Letters
https://iopscience.iop.org/journal/
8205
5--- The Conversation
https://theconversation.com
Cancer Council New South Wales
https://www.cancercouncil.com.au

Space Nuts Q&A Edition #470 - Universe Enigmas and Titan's Mysteries
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this captivating Q&A episode of Space Nuts, where they explore the cosmic questions posed by our curious audience. From the mysteries of a universe without black holes to the peculiar atmosphere of Saturn's moon Titan, this episode is brimming with fascinating insights and astronomical discussions.
Episode Highlights:
- Universe Without Dark Matter and Energy: Delve into the possibilities of a universe devoid of dark matter, dark energy, and black holes. Explore the implications for galaxy formation and the cosmic web, and ponder the nature of dark energy's role in the universe's expansion.
- Energy Loss and the Universe's Age: Investigate the concept of energy loss in the universe and the methods used to calculate its age. Discover why uranium's half-life isn't the key to unlocking the universe's timeline and how the Hubble constant plays a role.
- Early Universe Surprises: Question the surprises of finding ancient cosmic structures in the early universe. Examine how galaxy formation models are continually refined and the potential revelations from the Square Kilometre Array.
- Titan's Unique Atmosphere: Unravel the mystery of Titan's dense atmosphere and compare it to Mars' inability to retain one. Consider the possible factors contributing to Titan's atmospheric retention and the role of cryovolcanism.
For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed and to listen to all our episodes, visit our website. Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on facebook, X, YouTube, Tumblr, Instagram, and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favourite platform.
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Stay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.
00:00 - This is a Q and A edition of Space Nuts
01:53 - Dark matter and dark energy are at the forefront of modern day cosmology
09:10 - How much of the universe's energy is kind of like gone
12:30 - Uranium was created in supernova explosions after the universe was formed
13:33 - Using half life of uranium or lithium to calculate age of the universe is sinful
15:33 - Ben Harding asks: Should we be surprised that galaxies formed so quickly
21:39 - How did Saturn's moon Titan accumulate its thick nitrogen atmosphere
26:45 - Andrew Dunkley: Thanks to everyone who's sending questions for Space Nuts

Space Nuts Episode 469: Ryugu Revelations and Celestial Mysteries
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this enthralling episode of Space Nuts, where they delve into the latest astronomical discoveries and cosmic stories. From the secrets of asteroid Ryugu to the mysterious demise of the Arecibo Observatory, this episode is packed with fascinating insights and stellar discussions.
Episode Highlights:
- Ryugu's Magnetic Mysteries: Uncover new findings from the Ryugu asteroid samples, revealing insights into the magnetic fields of the outer solar system. Explore how these discoveries might reshape our understanding of planetary formation and the solar nebula.
- Arecibo's Tragic End: Learn about the sad fate of the iconic Arecibo Observatory and the invisible issues that led to its collapse. Discover the plans for transforming this historic site into an education centre for future generations.
- Venusian Impact Crater Discovery: Dive into the intriguing discovery of a massive impact crater on Venus, revealing unexpected similarities with ice moons like Callisto and Europa. Delve into the theories that suggest a past where Venus had a lava-covered surface.
For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed and to listen to all our episodes, visit our website. Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on facebook, X, YouTube, Tumblr, Instagram, and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favourite platform.
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Stay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.
00:00 - This is Space Nuts. Thank you for joining us
00:35 - Professor Fred Watson discusses Venus on this episode of space nuts
02:45 - Russia put 53 satellites into orbit in one launch the other day
05:17 - Scientists have found no sign of a preserved magnetic field in Ryugu samples
14:36 - Andrew Dunkley with Professor Fred Watson studying Ryugu asteroid sample
15:21 - The Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico collapsed in 2020
23:13 - National Science foundation says the building will be turned into an education centre
24:37 - Fred Call says Venus' craters are much younger than similar craters elsewhere
32:53 - Yes. Isn't that amazing? That's really big pickup. Indeed. Um, Fred mentioned it. Yeah.
33:03 - Please leave a review if you listen to us through whatever platform
33:56 - All right, so, yeah, Fred Watson, astronomer at large

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Space Nuts Q&A Edition - Episode 468
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this lively Q&A episode of Space Nuts, where they dive into a variety of intriguing questions from our audience. From the mysteries of lunar lava tubes to the wonders of black holes and gravitational waves, this episode is packed with fascinating insights and cosmic discussions.
Episode Highlights:
- Lunar Lava Tubes: Discuss the potential hazards that lunar lava tubes might pose for future moon missions. Explore the implications for astronauts traversing the moon's surface and how NASA might mitigate these risks.
- Black Hole Conundrums: Tackle a thought-provoking question about the behaviour of light within a black hole. Discover the complexities of singularities and the fascinating concept of frame dragging in rotating black holes.
- Gravitational Waves and Cosmic Expansion: Delve into the nature of gravitational waves and their impact on our understanding of the universe. Learn whether these waves could influence cosmic phenomena like gravitational lensing and the expansion of the universe.
- Instatravel Pod Adventure: Imagine a journey to any location in the universe with a hypothetical instatravel pod. Join Andrew and Fred Watson as they share where they would go and why, from viewing the Milky Way from afar to discovering intelligent life on another planet.
For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed and to listen to all our episodes, visit our website. Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on facebook, X, YouTube, Tumblr, Instagram, and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favourite platform.
For more Space and Astronomy News Podcasts, visit our HQ at www.bitesz.com.
Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/space-nuts/support.
Stay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.
00:00 - Andrew Dunkley answers audience questions on this edition of Space Nuts
03:54 - Mikey from Illinois ponders about possible lava tubes on the moon
10:02 - Jake from Australia has a question about Black holes
14:48 - Would gravitational waves help explain the expansion of the universe
17:49 - Do gravitational waves travel as a sphere or do they affect space time
22:15 - Fred asks two questions about a unique opportunity to travel in a space pod
25:17 - Andrew was asked where he would like to go in the universe
31:37 - Andrew Dunkley: Thank you for listening to the Space Nuts podcast

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Space Nuts Episode: Mars Mysteries and Cosmic Feasts
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this intriguing episode of Space Nuts, where they dive into the latest discoveries and discussions in the realm of astronomy and Space exploration. From mysterious messages from Mars to the insatiable appetite of black holes, this episode is packed with fascinating insights and cosmic wonders.
Episode Highlights:
- Mars Message Decoded: Explore the story behind a mysterious message sent from Mars in 2023, now decoded by a father-daughter Timms. Discover the artistic and scientific collaboration that led to this unique project and its implications for extraterrestrial communication.
- Ancient Mars' Climate Conundrum: Delve into a new study that challenges our understanding of Mars' history. Learn about the planet's carbon dioxide cycle and the possibility of ancient lakes and rivers hidden beneath layers of ice and CO2.
- Black Hole's Cosmic Feast: Uncover the staggering discovery of a black hole consuming matter at an unprecedented rate. Understand the implications of this finding for our knowledge of black hole growth in the early universe.
For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed and to listen to all our episodes, visit our website. Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on facebook, X, YouTube, Tumblr, Instagram, and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favourite platform.
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Stay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.

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Space Nuts Q&A Edition - Episode 466
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this captivating episode of Space Nuts, where they address intriguing questions from our audience. From unexplained spacecraft noises to the mysteries of the Big Bang, this episode is filled with fascinating insights and cosmic discussions.
Episode Highlights:
- Unexplained Spacecraft Noises: Dive into the mystery of strange noises reported on various spacecraft, including the Boeing Starliner and historical incidents on Space Shuttle Discovery and Shenzhou 5. Explore potential explanations and the quirks of space acoustics.
- Challenging the Big Bang Theory: Join the debate as listener Binny shares his scepticism about the Big Bang and proposes an alternative theory involving a massive rotating black hole. Delve into the evidence for the Big Bang and the cosmic microwave background radiation.
- Planetary Gyroscopes: Discover what happens if a planet is tilted off its axis and whether it could behave like a giant gyroscope. Learn about gravitational forces and the dynamics of planetary rings, with insights into Saturn and Uranus.
- The Electromagnetic Spectrum in Astronomy: Explore the different parts of the electromagnetic spectrum and their significance in scientific discoveries. Professor Fred Watson shares his insights on the most interesting and impactful wavelengths, from visible light to the 22-centimetre line of hydrogen.
For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed and to listen to all our episodes, visit our website. Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on facebook, X, YouTube, Tumblr, Instagram, and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favourite platform.
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Stay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.

Space Nuts #464
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in an engaging episode of Space Nuts as they explore significant developments in the world of astronomy and Space exploration. From Fred Watson Watson's career transition to groundbreaking lunar missions, this episode is packed with stellar discussions and intriguing insights.
Episode Highlights:
- The Future of Fred Watson: Discover the next chapter in Fred Watson Watson's illustrious career as he transitions from his role as Australia's Astronomer at Large to a new position in academia. Learn how this change could amplify his influence in advocating for Australian astronomy.
- Artemis 3 Landing Sites Announced: NASA has unveiled potential landing sites for the Artemis 3 mission, marking humanity's return to the Moon since 1972. Explore the challenges and scientific potential of these lunar south pole sites.
- New Insights from Ryugu: Delve into the latest findings from the asteroid Ryugu, which may hold clues to the origins of life on Earth. Uncover how these samples could reshape our understanding of planetary formation and life's emergence.
- Titan's Mysteries Unveiled: Recent studies suggest that Saturn's moon Titan could rewrite planetary science. Learn about the unique features of Titan's surface and what they reveal about its geological history and potential for life.
For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed and to listen to all our episodes, visit our website. Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on facebook, X, YouTube, Instagram, Tumblr, and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favourite platform.
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Space Nuts Q&A Edition
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this engaging Q&A episode of Space Nuts, where they tackle fascinating questions from our audience. From the cosmic mysteries of dark matter to the practicalities of Space communication, this episode is filled with intriguing insights and stellar discussions.
Episode Highlights:
- Dark Matter and the Cosmic Web: Explore how dark matter interacts with the cosmic web and the gravitational forces that shape our universe. Fred Watson Watson unravels the complex relationship between galaxies and dark matter, shedding light on this cosmic conundrum.
- Synchronising Spacecraft Communication: Discover how we maintain communication with distant spacecraft as they traverse the cosmos. Learn about the challenges of signal delays, gravitational influences, and the ingenious solutions that keep us connected to our spacefarers.
- Asteroid Belts Beyond Mars: Uncover the mysteries of asteroid belts beyond the familiar one between Mars and Jupiter. Delve into the Kuiper Belt and the Oort Cloud, exploring their significance and the icy bodies that inhabit these distant regions.
- The Future of Space Wheels: Contemplate the possibility of building a Von Braun wheel or a space station with artificial gravity. Fred Watson Watson discusses the engineering challenges and potential benefits of these futuristic structures.
For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed and to listen to all our episodes, visit our website. Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on facebook, X, YouTube, Tumblr,  Instagram, and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favourite platform.
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Stay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.

Space Nuts #463
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this intriguing episode of Space Nuts, where they delve into the latest cosmic discoveries and Space industry updates. From the origins of meteorites to the mysteries of brown dwarfs, and the environmental impact of SpaceX's prolific launches, this episode is packed with fascinating insights and stellar discussions.
Episode Highlights:
- Meteorite Origins Uncovered: Discover how scientists have traced the origins of 70% of known meteorites to just three significant events in recent history. Explore the detective work that led to these revelations and what it tells us about our solar system.
- Brown Dwarfs Mystery Solved: Delve into the 30-year mystery of a brown dwarf that turned out to be two. Learn how this discovery reshapes our understanding of these celestial objects and their place in the universe.
- SpaceX's Environmental Impact: Unpack the good news and the challenges facing SpaceX, from their record-breaking launch schedule to the environmental concerns raised by satellite re-entry and rocket emissions.
For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed and to listen to all our episodes, visit our website. Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on facebook, X, YouTube, Instagram, Tumblr and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favourite platform.
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Stay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.

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Space Nuts #462 Q&A Edition
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in another enlightening Q&A episode of Space Nuts, where they tackle intriguing questions from listeners around the globe. From the perplexing nature of dark matter and dark energy to the possibility of interferometry using Space and ground-based telescopes, this episode is packed with cosmic curiosities and insightful discussions.
Episode Highlights:
- Dark Matter and Dark Energy in the Solar System: Trent from St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada, questions why dark matter and dark energy, which comprise 96% of the universe, are not factored into the movements of our solar system. Fred Watson Watson explains the scale and influence of these mysterious forces.
- Interferometry with Space Telescopes: Bo from Victoria wonders if it's theoretically possible to perform interferometry using Space telescopes like Hubble and James Webb, combined with ground-based telescopes. Explore the current limitations and future possibilities of this technology.
- The Mystery of Gravitons: Vincent questions the existence of gravitons and their potential to form self-propagating waves. Delve into the intersection of quantum theory and relativity as Fred Watson Watson discusses this theoretical particle.
- Biblical Floods and Astronomical Events: Christopher from Bayville, North Carolina, inquires about the possibility of biblical floods being linked to astronomical events. Discover the fascinating connections between historical events and cosmic phenomena.
For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed and to listen to all our episodes, visit our website at www.spacenutspodcast.com. Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on facebook, X, YouTube, Instagram, and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favourite platform.
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Stay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.

Space Nuts #461
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this engaging episode of Space Nuts, where they explore the latest advancements and historical milestones in space exploration. From the 50th anniversary of the Anglo-Australian Telescope to the groundbreaking Starship 5 test flight, this episode is brimming with fascinating insights and cosmic discoveries.
Episode Highlights:
- Anglo-Australian Telescope at 50: Celebrate the half-century milestone of the largest optical telescope on Australian soil. Fred Watson Watson shares his personal connection and the telescope's impact on astronomy, from its iconic images to its world-first discoveries.
- Starship 5's Spectacular Test Flight: Discover the audacious success of SpaceX's Starship 5, where the booster was caught mid-air by giant clamps. A game-changer in Space flight efficiency and technology.
- Deep Space Laser Communication: Explore NASA's successful tests of laser data systems, achieving communication over distances equivalent to Earth-Mars separation. Learn how this technology could revolutionise Space communication.
- Europa Clipper's Journey Begins: The mission to explore Jupiter's icy moon is underway. With its massive solar panels and advanced instruments, Europa Clipper promises to uncover the mysteries beneath Europa's surface.
For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed and to listen to all our episodes, visit our website. Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on Facebook, X, YouTube Music, Instagram, and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favourite platform.
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Space Nuts #460 Q&A Edition
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this thought-provoking Q&A episode of Space Nuts, where they delve into the mysteries of the cosmos. From the curious nature of gravity and quantum fields to the potential of ultra-massive black holes, this episode is filled with insightful discussions and cosmic wonders.
Episode Highlights:
- Gravity Reimagined: Carrick from Wengari, New Zealand, poses a fascinating question about gravity. Could it be pushing us away rather than pulling us in? Fred Watson Watson explores the implications of this intriguing perspective on one of the universe's fundamental forces.
- Quantum Field Interactions: Rennie from California inquires about the behaviour of quantum fields and their interactions, such as between magnetic fields and the Higgs field. Discover the complexities of quantum theory and the nature of these subatomic interactions.
- Gravitational Lensing: Rusty from Donnybrook asks whether an ultra-massive black hole could be revealed by its gravitational lensing effects. Fred Watson Watson explains the principles of gravitational lensing and the challenges of detecting such cosmic phenomena.
- Telescopic Limitations: David wonders why we can't use telescopes like the James Webb to see fine details on the moon. Learn about the limitations of angular resolution and the future of telescopic technology.
- Star Wars Trivia: Martin Berman Gorvine from Maryland shares a humorous piece of Star Wars trivia, leaving listeners with a clever play on words.
00:00 - Andrew Dunkley answers your questions on this week's Space Nuts
01:38 - Fred: We understand gravity as a force that pulls us into objects with mass
07:06 - How do quantum fields behave? Do they interact with each other
10:12 - Andrew Dunkley with Professor Fred Watson on gravitational lensing questions
13:13 - David Haven: The sensitivity to detail depends on the diameter of the telescope
19:28 - Martin Berman Gorvine says the James Webb telescope will be worse than previous telescopes
23:16 - If you've got a question for Space Nuts, send it in
For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed and to listen to all our episodes, visit our website. Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on facebook, X, YouTube Music, Instagram, and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favourite platform.
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Stay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.

Space Nuts #459
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this intriguing episode of Space Nuts, where they delve into fascinating cosmic phenomena and challenge established theories. From mapping the sun's corona to the arrival of a mini moon, this episode is packed with stellar insights and astronomical wonders.
Episode Highlights:
- Mapping the Sun's Corona: Discover how scientists have successfully mapped the magnetic fields in the sun's corona, offering new insights into solar physics and potential advancements in Space weather forecasting.
- Earth's New Mini Moon: Explore the phenomenon of Earth's temporary mini moon, a near-Earth asteroid that will orbit our planet before being expelled by gravitational forces.
- Challenging the Big Bang: Dive into a new study that revisits the tired light theory, questioning the conventional understanding of the universe's expansion and its implications on the Big Bang theory.
00:00 - Andrew Dunkley: Coming up on space nuts is a new study
02:01 - Magnetic fields in the sun's corona have been successfully mapped
06:37 - Inuya telescope uses light to measure magnetic fields in the sun's corona
15:14 - What would a ten metre rock do to Earth, uh, or the moon
21:12 - A new study challenging the big bang theory is based on 100-year-old data
For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed and to listen to all our episodes, visit our website. Explore our shop for exclusive Space Nuts merchandise, including t-shirts, mugs, and more.
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Space Nuts #458 Q&A Edition
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this engaging Q&A episode of Space Nuts, where they tackle a variety of intriguing questions from listeners. From the mysteries of light and redshift to the enigmatic cores of gas giants, this episode is packed with fascinating insights and cosmic curiosities.
Episode Highlights:
- Light and Redshift: Mario from Melbourne (Australia) queries how light can redshift if it doesn't experience time. Fred Watson Watson delves into relativity and the observer's role in this cosmic phenomenon.
- Gas Giants' Cores: Nigel from Brisbane (Australia) wonders if there's a rocky planet beneath the gas layers of Jupiter and Saturn. Explore the theories about the mysterious cores of these colossal planets.
- Galaxy Collisions: Raul from California asks about the collision of galaxies amidst the universe's expansion. Discover why some galaxies are on a collision course despite the ever-expanding cosmos.
- Future Navigation: David from Tucson questions how we will navigate when exploring beyond our solar system. Learn about the quasars that provide a stable reference point for cosmic navigation.
For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed and to listen to all our episodes, visit our website. Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on facebook, X, YouTube Music, Instagram, and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favourite platform.
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Stay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.

Space Nuts #457
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this captivating episode of Space Nuts, where they delve into the latest happenings in the cosmos. From the ingenious solutions keeping Voyager 1 operational to potential asteroid impacts and stunning images of a red giant star, this episode is packed with exciting discoveries and cosmic wonders.
Episode Highlights:
- Voyager 1 Thruster Fix: Discover how engineers have ingeniously solved a problem with Voyager 1's thrusters, keeping the iconic spacecraft operational as it continues its journey beyond the solar system.
- Apophis Asteroid Threat: Explore the potential scenarios that could lead to the asteroid Apophis impacting Earth, as scientists calculate the odds and implications of such an event.
- Red Giant Revelations: Learn about the extraordinary images captured by ALMA of the red giant star R Doradus, revealing fascinating details about its surface and what it tells us about the future of our own Sun.
00:00 - This is Space nuts. Coming up in this episode we are going to fix Voyager thrusters
02:26 - Voyager spacecraft is getting old and tired, so it breaks down
03:34 - The Voyager one spacecraft was launched on September 5, 1977
13:06 - By about the mid 2030s, we expect Voyager one and two will die
14:13 - Canadian scientist says asteroid could collide with Earth in 2029
20:23 - Asteroid Apophis could still hit Earth in 2029
23:24 - Scientists have successfully imaged a red giant star from 180 light years away
26:13 - Fred says Alma telescope has revealed hotspots on the surface of a star
30:43 - Professor Fred Watson thanks Andrew Dunkley for the Space Nuts podcast
For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed, visit our website.
Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on facebook, X, YouTube Music, and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favourite platform.
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tay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.

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Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this engaging Q&A episode of Space Nuts, where they tackle a variety of intriguing questions from listeners. From the protection of the moon to the sounds of extraterrestrial liquids, this episode is packed with fascinating insights and cosmic curiosities.
Episode Highlights:
- Protecting the Moon: Mikey from Illinois asks about the measures in place to protect the moon from catastrophic asteroid impacts and what would happen if the moon were significantly altered.
- Sounds of Titan: James from Minnesota wonders if the lakes and rivers on Titan would sound similar to those on Earth, given the differences in atmospheric pressure and liquid composition.
- Dark Matter Movement: Bill from San Francisco Bay Area inquires about whether dark matter can move through Space and be influenced by gravitational events.
- Formation of Atmospheres: Brady from Florida asks how atmospheres are formed on planets, transitioning from a ball of rock and lava to having a gaseous envelope.
00:00 - This is a Q and A episode where we answer your questions
01:25 - Fred and Andrew ask what would happen if an asteroid hit the moon
06:20 - Extra solar might come through. Yes. The thing is, the bigger the object is
06:58 - Next question comes from James Greenfield with Professor Fred Watson
10:53 - Bill asks question about whether dark matter can move through space
14:55 - Why does everyone who lives in Florida call it the great state of Florida
15:58 - Brady from Florida asks how planets form their atmospheres
19:15 - If you have questions for Space Nuts, go to our website
For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed, visit our website at spacenutspodcast.com. Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on facebook, X, YouTube Music, and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favourite platform. 
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Stay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.

Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this thrilling episode of Space Nuts, where they explore the latest in Space science and astronomy. From the return of the Starliner to groundbreaking missions to Mars, this episode is packed with fascinating insights and discoveries.
Episode Highlights:
- Starliner Success: The Boeing Starliner makes a flawless return to Earth, marking a significant achievement for Boeing's engineers and NASA. Discover the details of this textbook mission and the future prospects for the Starliner.
- SpaceX Mars Missions: SpaceX's Starship mega rocket is gearing up for missions to Mars in the next few years. Learn about Elon Musk's ambitious plan to build a self-sustaining city on Mars and the technological advancements making it possible.
- Galaxy Size Revelation: New research suggests our galaxies are much larger than previously thought. Find out how this discovery impacts our understanding of the Andromeda and Milky Way galaxies, and what it means for their impending merger.
- Stellar Disruption: A passing star may have caused significant disruptions in the outer solar system. Explore the implications of this event on trans-Neptunian objects and the potential existence of Planet Nine.00:00:00 - This is space nuts, where we talk astronomy and space science
00:01:15 - Professor Fred Watson says brush turkeys do serious damage to Australian gardens
00:03:31 - Boeing's Starliner spacecraft successfully returned to Earth last week
00:06:17 - SpaceX is developing a spacecraft called starship that will go to Mars
00:07:48 - Elon Musk tweets timelines for first space starship missions to Mars
00:14:15 - Professor Fred Watson says he has no problem with humans going to Mars
00:22:49 - Scientists say gas makes up 70 to 90% of normal matter in universe
00:25:30 - Scientists suggest disruption in solar system due to passing star billions of years ago
00:30:03 - Andrew Dunkley: Planet nine theory has been around since 2016
For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed, visit our website at spacenutspodcast.com. 
Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on facebook, X, YouTube Music, and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favourite platform. 
For more Space and Astronomy News Podcasts, visit our HQ at www.bitesz.com. 
Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/space-nuts/support. 
Stay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.
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Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this lively Q&A episode of Space Nuts, where they tackle fascinating questions from listeners about the universe's expansion, three sun systems, black hole mergers, and coronal mass ejections.
Episode Highlights:
- Universal Expansion: What if the expansion of the universe slowed down? Could light overtake the edge of the universe?
- Three Sun Systems: Chris from North Carolina asks about the possibility of a planet orbiting three suns and the gravitational effects of such a system.
- Black Hole Mergers: Discover what happens when black holes merge. Is it like a mini big bang?
- Coronal Mass Ejections: Have we ever collected matter from a coronal mass ejection? Lee from Canada wants to know the details and implications.
For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed, visit our website at spacenutspodcast.com. Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on facebook, X, YouTube Music, and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favourite platform. For more Space and Astronomy News Podcasts, visit our HQ at www.bitesz.com. Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/space-nuts/support. Stay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.
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Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this captivating episode of Space Nuts, where they delve into the latest updates on the Boeing Starliner, the peculiar weather on planet Wasp 76 b, the bustling Kuiper Belt, and the mystery of Mars' missing water.
Episode Highlights:
- Starliner Troubles: Discover the latest issue plaguing the Boeing Starliner and the unique challenges faced by astronauts Butch Wilmore and Sunita Williams.
- Wasp 76 b: Learn about the extreme weather on this distant exoplanet, where iron rain is a reality.
- Kuiper Belt Discoveries: New findings suggest the Kuiper Belt is more populated and extensive than previously thought.
- Mars' Water Mystery: Uncover the latest research on where Mars' water went and what it means for the planet's history.

For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed, visit our website at spacenutspodcast.com. Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on facebook, X, YouTube Music, and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favourite platform.
For more Space and Astronomy News Podcasts, visit our HQ at www.bitesz.com. Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/space-nuts/support. Other supporter options can be found on our website.
Stay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.
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This episode of Space Nuts is brought to you by Incogni...looking after your online privacy with no hassles. To check out our special Space Nuts deal, visit www.incogni.com/spacenuts
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this engaging Q&A episode of Space Nuts, where they tackle intriguing questions from our listeners about the universe, galaxies, the origin of life, and dark matter.
Episode Highlights:
- The Older Universe: Bob from Florida asks about the appearance of galaxies in the older parts of the universe and their spatial relationships over time.
- Galaxies and Black Holes: Shaun from British Columbia inquires if all galaxies will eventually be consumed by their central supermassive black holes.
- Origin of Life on Earth: James from Maine discusses the potential for life on Earth to have begun as far back as 4.1 billion years ago and the implications for finding microbial life elsewhere in our solar system.
- Dark Matter Interactions: Michael from Illinois questions whether dark matter interacts with itself gravitationally.
Chapters:
- 00:00:00 - Space nuts asks you to send us questions and we try to answer them
- 00:02:03 - Bob says galaxies that far away should be closer together with expanding universe
- 00:05:57 - Are all galaxies eventually going to get sucked into their central supermassive black holes
- 00:08:32 - There is tantalising evidence that life may have begun on earth 4.1 billion years ago
- 00:15:25 - Michael: Does dark matter gravitationally interact with itself
For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed, visit our website at spacenutspodcast.com. Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on facebook, X, YouTube Music, and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favourite platform. For more Space and Astronomy News Podcasts, visit our HQ at www.bitesz.com. Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/space-nuts/support. Stay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.

This episode of Space Nuts is brought to you by Incogni...looking after your online privacy with no hassles. To check out our special Space Nuts deal, visit www.incogni.com/spacenuts
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this riveting episode of Space Nuts, where they delve into mysterious noises, cosmic impacts, black hole jets, and the debate over extraterrestrial life.
Episode Highlights:
- Mysterious Noises in the Boeing Starliner: Strange noises are coming from inside the Boeing Starliner, even though it’s empty. Discover what might be causing these eerie sounds.
- Ganymede's Massive Impact: Learn about the colossal asteroid that struck Jupiter’s largest moon, Ganymede, with a force greater than the one that wiped out the dinosaurs on Earth.
- Black Hole Jets: Scientists have made new discoveries about the jets of plasma shooting from black holes. Find out how they recreated these phenomena in a lab.
- Believing in Aliens: The ongoing debate about extraterrestrial life and the problems arising from conspiracy theories. Why do so many people believe in alien visitations?
- - 00:00:00 Andrew Dunkley: Coming up on this episode of Space Nuts
- - 00:01:32 Fred Watson Watson: Hallie, Andrew. I'm here for more, but I'll give less, just to be contrary.
- - 00:03:45 Discussing the Boeing Starliner and the strange noises reported by astronaut Butch Wilmore.
- - 00:15:20 The impact on Ganymede by an asteroid 20 times the mass of the one that hit Earth.
- - 00:28:10 New findings about black hole jets and how they were recreated in a lab.
- - 00:40:00 The debate over extraterrestrial life and the rise of conspiracy theories.
- For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed, visit our website at spacenutspodcast.com. Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on facebook, X, YouTube Music, and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favourite platform. For more Space and Astronomy News Podcasts, visit our HQ at www.bitesz.com. Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/space-nuts/support. Stay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.

This episode of Space Nuts is brought to you by Incogni...looking after your online privacy with no hassles. To check out our special Space Nuts deal, visit www.incogni.com/spacenuts

Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this thought-provoking Q&A episode of Space Nuts, where they tackle intriguing questions from our listeners about dark matter, flawed mathematics, black holes, and more.Episode Highlights:- Dark Matter Debate: Kevin from Melbourne challenges the Timms on their previous discussion about dark matter, questioning whether SpaceTime itself could be the elusive substance.
- Flawed Mathematics: Simon wonders if the breakdown of models at the extremes of the universe is due to our mathematics being flawed. Could our system of mathematics be misaligned with the real world?
- Black Holes and Spin: Isaac from Brisbane, aged nine, asks how black holes spin if they take up no Space and why spin affects Space.
- Gravity and Space: Isaac's dad inquires about how gravity bends Space and thus bends light traveling past it.
- Energy in Space: Rusty from Donnybrook speculates about harnessing the energy of Space and the potential for one g drives to revolutionise Space travel.
- 00:00:00 - This is a q and a edition of Space Nuts
- 00:01:05 - Kevin from Melbourne asks whether spacetime itself might be dark matter
- 00:07:22 - Is it possible that breakdown of models is due to our mathematics being flawed
- 00:11:38 - Simon: I just finished watching a science fiction series called dark matter
- 00:13:01 - Why do black holes spin if they take up no space
- 00:15:11 - Isaac's dad wants to know how gravity bends space
- 00:16:56 - Fred and Andrew: Soon we'll harness the energy of space itself
- 00:18:39 - If we could achieve one g drive, it would make travel around the solar system pretty schmick
- 00:24:16 - Space Nuts podcast available at Apple Podcasts, Spotify, iHeartRadio
For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed, visit our website at spacenutspodcast.com. Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on facebook, X, YouTube Music, and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favourite platform. For more Space and Astronomy News Podcasts, visit our HQ at www.bitesz.com. Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/space-nuts/support.Stay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.

Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this enthralling episode of Space Nuts, where they delve into groundbreaking discoveries and missions in the cosmos.
Episode Highlights:

• Swarm of Black Holes: Explore the astonishing possibility of a swarm of up to 20,000 black holes in a well-known region of Space. Once thought to contain a single intermediate-mass black hole, new findings suggest a much more complex scenario.
• - Polaris Dawn Mission: Discover the exciting details of the Polaris Dawn mission, potentially the first crewed mission to achieve a polar orbit around Earth. Learn about their ambitious plans, including the first privately conducted spacewalk, and the technical challenges they face.
• - New Horizons Mission: Find out what the New Horizons spacecraft is up to 18 years after its launch. After its historic flyby of Pluto, the mission continues to break new ground by examining the darkness of Space, providing insights into the cosmic optical background.
• - 00:00:00 Andrew Dunkley: Coming up on this episode of Space Nuts
• - 00:01:32 You can't go bluetooth through this panel I've got because of time delay
• - 00:02:35 Geordie says he got hay fever from living in England
• - 00:04:28 Astronomers have been hunting for intermediate black holes for decades
• - 00:15:00 The world will have to come up with a collective noun for black holes
• - 00:16:14 Professor Fred Watson talks to Andrew Dunkley about the Polaris dawn mission
• - 00:23:22 Andrew Dunkley dives into black hole; hopes all goes well
• - 00:24:26 New Horizons spacecraft has been sent off to examine darkness of night sky
• - 00:32:17 Professor Fred Watson: Thanks for your company, Andrew Dunkley
• For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed, visit our website at spacenutspodcast.com. Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on facebook, X, YouTubeMusic, and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favourite platform. For more Space and Astronomy News Podcasts, visit our HQ at www.bitesz.com. Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/space-nuts/support.Stay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.

Episode References:
Hubble Space Telescope
https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/hubble/main/index.html
Polaris Dawn mission
https://polarisprogram.com/
New Horizons spacecraft
https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/newhorizons/main/index.html
Sky & Telescope
https://skyandtelescope.org/
French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS)
https://www.cnrs.fr/en
Leiden Observatory
https://www.universiteitleiden.nl/en/science/astronomy
Royal Observatory Edinburgh
https://www.roe.ac.uk/
SpaceX Crew Dragon
https://www.spacex.com/vehicles/dragon/
Falcon 9
https://www.spacex.com/vehicles/falcon-9/
Astronomy AstroDailyPod
https://astronomydaily.io/

Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this engaging Q&A episode of Space Nuts, where they dive into fascinating listener questions about the life and death of celestial bodies, black holes, and the mysteries of Space junk.
Episode Highlights:

• Life and Death in the Universe: Trevor from Port Macquarie asks about the life cycle of the universe. Could everything eventually collapse into a singularity, leading to another Big Bang? Discover the theories and science behind the universe's expansion and the concept of the "Big Rip."
• - Growth of Black Holes: David from Texas wonders how black holes grow in mass. Fred Watson explains the process of accretion and the role of the event horizon in this cosmic phenomenon.
• - Space Junk and Artificial Rings: Mikey from Illinois speculates if SpaceTime debris could form an artificial ring around Earth. Learn about the current state of SpaceTime junk and the potential future of Earth's orbital environment.
• - Seeing the Milky Way in the UK: Ian from Cambridge asks about the visibility of the Milky Way from the UK. Fred Watson provides insights on the best times and conditions to observe our galaxy from the northern hemisphere.
• - 00:00:00 This is a Q and A edition of space nuts
• - 00:01:44 Fred asks two questions about the accelerating expansion of the universe
• - 00:08:54 Why do black holes grow as they eat? Why do they keep growing
• - 00:13:08 Andrew Dunkley was wondering about space junk in the future
• - 00:18:39 Fred: Can you see the Milky Way from the UK on a clear night
• - 00:22:10 Do you think early spring affects viewing of the skies in any way
• For more Space Nuts, including the Astronomy Daily continually updating newsfeed, visit our website at spacenutspodcast.com. Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on facebook, X, YouTubeMusic, and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favourite platform.
• For more Space and Astronomy News Podcasts, visit our HQ at www.bitesz.com.Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/space-nuts/support.
• Stay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.

Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this captivating episode of Space Nuts, where they explore the latest discoveries and theories in astronomy and space science.
Episode Highlights:
- Rogue Planets Discovered: The James Webb SpaceTime Telescope has identified six new rogue, or orphan, planets. Learn about these mysterious celestial bodies that wander the galaxy without a star to orbit.
- - Dark Matter Doubts: A new study raises questions about the existence of dark matter. Discover the findings from the Lux Zeppelin detector and what they mean for our understanding of the universe.
- - The Fermi Paradox Revisited: Explore new ideas around the Fermi Paradox and the existence of extraterrestrial life. Could alien life be so different from us that we simply can't detect it?
- For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed, visit our website at spacenutspodcast.com . 
- For more Space and Astronomy News Podcasts, visit our HQ at www.bitesz.com.
- Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/space-nuts/support.
- Stay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.

This Q&A episode of Space Nuts is brought to you by Incogni. To check our special Space Nuts deal visit www.incogni.com/spacenuts

Space Nuts Q&A: Voyager's Journey, Star Formation, and Absolute Temperature Limits Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this engaging Q&A episode of Space Nuts, where they dive into intriguing listener questions about SpaceTime exploration, star formation, and the mysteries of temperature limits in the universe.
Episode Highlights:

• Voyager's Future Path: Alan from Alberta asks about the future trajectory of Voyager 1 and 2. Discover what they might encounter in the distant future and the fascinating possibilities of their journey through interstellar SpaceTime.
• - Star Formation and Black Holes: Ron from New York brings up a complex topic about how supermassive black holes can quench star formation in galaxies. Fred Watson explains the mechanisms behind this phenomenon and the latest findings from the Webb Space Telescope.
• - Absolute Temperature Limits: Time to Take from Florida questions the upper limit of temperature in the universe. Explore the concept of absolute zero, the speed of light, and why there's no absolute maximum temperature.
• - Hypothetical Digestibility: Rennie poses a fun hypothetical about whether humans could digest plants and animals from another planet. Fred Watson and Andrew discuss the possibilities and potential risks.
• Don't forget to send us your questions for our Q&A episodes via our website... spacenuts.io
• Support Space Nuts and join us on this interstellar journey by visiting our website support page. Your contributions help us continue our mission to explore the wonders of the universe. Clear skies and boundless exploration await on Space Nuts, where we make the cosmos your backyard.Visit our websites:- www.spacenuts.io
• - www.bitesz.com
• Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/space-nuts/support.

Hi there. Thanks for joining us on another episode of Space Nuts. Andrew Dunkley here and it's good to have your company. Coming up on this episode we're going to be looking at snowball Earth. There was a time where it was just a frozen sphere of nothingness for, well, billions of years. Now they have a new theory about that and it's no Irish joke. There's a clue in there. The dinosaur asteroid's origin has been revealed. Yep. The thing that started the getting rid of them all across the planet. We know where it came from. And the so-called crisis in cosmology might not be a crisis at all. We're talking about the Hubble tension. We'll talk about all of that on this episode of Space Nuts.
Chapters

• Snowball Earth: Discover the new theory about Earth's frozen past and the rocks in Scotland and Australia that provide clues.
• - Dinosaur Asteroid's Origin: Learn about the new study revealing the origin of the asteroid that led to the extinction of the dinosaurs.
• - Crisis in Cosmology: Delve into the Hubble tension and why it might not be a crisis after all.
• - Chinese High-Speed Engine: Explore the claims of a new Chinese engine that could revolutionise air travel with speeds up to 19,700 km/h.
• For more Space Nuts, including our continually updating newsfeed, visit our website at spacenutspodcast.com. Follow us on social media at SpaceNutsPod on facebook, X, YouTubeMusic, and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favourite platform.
• For more Space and Astronomy News Podcasts, visit our HQ at www.bitesz.com.
• Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/space-nuts/support.
• Stay curious, keep looking up, and join us next time for more stellar insights and cosmic wonders. Until then, clear skies and happy stargazing.
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Space Nuts Q&A: Measuring Movement, Sun's Fuel, Mars Hypotheticals, and Wormholes
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this lively Q&A episode of Space Nuts, where they tackle listener questions on a range of fascinating topics in SpaceTime science.
Episode Highlights:

• Measuring Movement in the Universe: JR from Ohio asks if everything in the universe moves and how we can measure that. Fred Watson Watson delves into the cosmic web, dark matter, and the fundamental principles of gravity and motion.
• - The Sun's Fuel: Rod from Bloomington, Illinois, questions how the Sun can burn 600 million tonnes of hydrogen every second without dimming or shrinking. Fred Watson Watson explains the process of nuclear fusion and the balance between gravity and radiation pressure.
• - Mars Hypothetical: Mick from Dublin wonders what would happen if Mars were suddenly removed from the solar system. Andrew and Fred Watson discuss the potential gravitational impacts on Earth and the Moon, and the broader effects on the solar system's structure.
• - Wormholes and Gravity: Gergo from Slovakia asks a hypothetical question about the gravitational pull near a wormhole and a black hole. Fred Watson Watson explores the theoretical implications and the stability of wormholes in extreme gravitational fields.
• Don't forget to send us your questions for our Q&A episodes via our website... spacenuts.io
• Support Space Nuts and join us on this interstellar journey by visiting our website support page. Your contributions help us continue our mission to explore the wonders of the universe. Clear skies and boundless exploration await on Space Nuts, where we make the cosmos your backyard.Visit our websites:
• www.spacenuts.io
• www.bitesz.com

Space Nuts: Mars' Ancient Lake, ISS Archaeology, and Science Fiction's Real Impact Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this captivating episode of Space Nuts, where they explore the latest discoveries and intriguing connections between science and science fiction.
Episode Highlights:

• Mind-Blowing Mars Discovery: Dive into the latest findings on Mars, where scientists have identified what could be the largest ancient lake on the planet, Lake Eridania, which was three times bigger than Earth's Caspian Sea. Fred Watson Watson discusses the implications of this discovery and the potential for past microbial life.
• - ISS Archaeology: Archaeology isn't just about digging in the dirt. Discover how researchers are using archaeological methods to study the International Space Station, revealing fascinating insights into how astronauts adapt their environment over time.
• - Science Fiction and Real Science: Explore the symbiotic relationship between science fiction and real science. Learn how science fiction has inspired careers in science and how it educates the public about scientific possibilities and challenges.
• Don't forget to send us your questions for our Q&A episodes via our website... spacenuts.io
• Support Space Nuts and join us on this interstellar journey by visiting our website support page. Your contributions help us continue our mission to explore the wonders of the universe. Clear skies and boundless exploration await on Space Nuts, where we make the cosmos your backyard.
• Visit our websites:
• www.spacenuts.io
• www.bitesz.com

Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/space-nuts--2631155/support.

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Space Nuts Q&A:
Dark Matter Explosions, The Sun's Ecliptic, and Planetary RingsJoin Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this engaging Q&A episode of Space Nuts, where they delve into listener questions about some of the most fascinating topics in SpaceTime science.Episode Highlights:

• Dark Matter and Explosions: Damien from the Gold Coast asks about the impact of a supernova explosion on dark matter. Fred Watson Watson explains why dark matter remains unaffected by such dramatic events, highlighting its unique properties and interactions.
• - The Sun's Ecliptic: Ryan from Townsend, Delaware, wonders about the orientation of the sun's ecliptic as it orbits the galaxy. Fred Watson provides an insightful explanation about the sun's path and its angle relative to the Earth's equator.
• - Planetary Rings: James from Greenfield inquires about the possibility of planets having multiple sets of rings with different orientations. Fred Watson discusses the nature of planetary rings and why they are typically confined to the equatorial plane.
• - Solar Flares vs. Coronal Mass Ejections: Mark from Bloomington, Indiana, asks about the differences between solar flares and coronal mass ejections. Fred Watson clarifies the distinctions and the impact of these solar activities on electronics and aurorae.
• - Red Dwarf Stars: Mark also queries why red dwarf stars are prone to outbursts that challenge the development of life. Fred Watson delves into the characteristics of red dwarfs and their massive star spots.
• Don't forget to send us your questions via our website... spacenuts.io.
• Support Space Nuts and join us on this interstellar journey by visiting our website support page. Your contributions help us continue our mission to explore the wonders of the universe. Clear skies and boundless exploration await on Space Nuts, where we make the cosmos your backyard.
• Visit our websites:www.spacenuts.io
• www.bitesz.com
• Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/space-nuts--2631155/support.

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Space Nuts: Phosphine Revisited, Space Debris Solutions, and a Tribute to David L. Crawford
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this engaging episode of Space Nuts, where they discuss recent revelations and developments in Space science.
Episode Highlights:
- Phosphine in Venus's Atmosphere: The controversial discovery of phosphine in Venus's atmosphere is back in the spotlight. Andrew and Fred Watson discuss the latest findings that suggest the presence of phosphine might be more credible than previously thought, thanks to new data from the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope.
- Space Debris: With recent incidents of SpaceTime debris hitting the ground, the issue is becoming more pressing. The Tim discusses the measures being taken to mitigate the risks, particularly focusing on SpaceX's Dragon capsules and their new landing strategies.
- Tribute to David L. Crawford: Reflecting on the life and legacy of David L. Crawford, a pioneer in the fight against light pollution and a strong advocate for dark skies. Fred Watson shares his personal experiences and the significant contributions David made to astronomy and environmental awareness.
Don't forget to send us your questions for our Monday Q&A episodes via our website... spacenuts.io
Support Space Nuts and join us on this interstellar journey by visiting our website support page. Your contributions help us continue our mission to explore the wonders of the universe. Clear skies and boundless exploration await on Space Nuts, where we make the cosmos your backyard.
Visit our websites:
www.spacenuts.io
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Space Nuts Q&A:
Earth's Hypothetical Swap, Europa Clipper Mission, and Protoplanets
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this engaging Q&A episode of Space Nuts, where they delve into listener questions about some of the most fascinating topics in SpaceTime science.Episode Highlights:

• Earth Changing Places: Carrick from New Zealand poses a hypothetical question about what would happen if Earth swapped places with Mercury or been listening. Fred Watson discusses the catastrophic consequences, including tidal locking, atmosphere loss, and a runaway greenhouse effect.
• Europa Clipper Mission: Brady from Florida is eager to learn about the upcoming Europa Clipper mission. Fred Watson provides an overview of the mission's goals, which include searching for signs of life and studying Europa's ice shell and ocean. The mission is slated for launch in October 2024, with exciting data expected from 2030 onwards.
• Protoplanets and Stars: Matthew, a powerline worker, asks why protoplanets don't become stars. Fred Watson explains the lack of mass and energy required for nuclear fusion and discusses the formation of gas giants and brown dwarfs.
• Mars' Atmosphere: Martin sends in a creatively produced question about Mars' primordial atmosphere. Fred Watson elaborates on how Mars lost its atmosphere over millions of years due to a lack of magnetic field and gravitational pull, stripping it away slowly.

Don't forget to send us your questions via our website... spacenuts.io
Support Space Nuts and join us on this interstellar journey by visiting our website support page. Your contributions help us continue our mission to explore the wonders of the universe. Clear skies and boundless exploration await on Space Nuts, where we make the cosmos your backyard.
Visit our websites:
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In this episode of Space Nuts, Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson discuss various topics in astronomy and space science. They talk about the James Webb Space Telescope capturing a direct photo of an exoplanet that is possibly the oldest and coldest one discovered so far. They also discuss the Perseverance Rover's discovery of leopard spots on rocks on Mars, which could potentially indicate signs of past microbial life. Additionally, they mention the shrinking of Jupiter's Great Red Spot and the challenges of bringing back rocks from Mars for further analysis. In this conversation, Fred and Andrew discuss the life and work of Tycho Brahe, a renowned astronomer from the 16th century. They explore his upbringing, his discovery of astronomy, and his contributions to the field. They also touch on his interest in alchemy and the fate of his castle. The conversation then shifts to the Europa Clipper mission, which aims to study Jupiter's moon Europa and search for signs of life. They discuss the mission's objectives and the instruments it will use. Finally, they address the question of why proto-planets do not become stars themselves and the gradual loss of Mars' primordial atmosphere.
For more Space Nuts visit our website at www.spacenuts.io
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Space Nuts Q&A: Gravitons, Dark Matter Twins, and Time Dilation Mysteries
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this engaging Q&A episode of Space Nuts, where they tackle listener questions about some of the most intriguing concepts in the universe.
Episode Highlights:
- Gravitons and Gravity: Gus from Issaquah, Washington, poses a thought-provoking question about the relationship between energy, mass, and gravity. Fred delves into the hypothetical particles known as gravitons and discusses their potential mass and the implications for our understanding of the universe.
- Dark Matter Twin: Rich from the UK suggests an intriguing idea: could our sun have a dark matter twin? Fred explores the plausibility of this concept and how it relates to the mysterious Planet Nine and the nature of dark matter.
- Time Dilation and the Early Universe: Sean from British Columbia wonders if time dilation could explain the unexpectedly large and well-formed galaxies observed by the James Webb Space Telescope. Fred explains the role of time dilation in cosmology and why it might not be the answer to this particular puzzle.
- Dead Stars: Jane asks how many stars in the observable universe are already dead. Fred discusses the lifespans of various types of stars and the vast number of stars that have already met their end.
- Absolute High Temperature: Anthony from Kilkenny, Ireland, inquires about the concept of an absolute high temperature. Fred clarifies why there isn't an absolute maximum temperature, contrasting it with the well-defined absolute zero.
Don't forget to send us your questions via our website... spacenuts.io
Support Space Nuts and join us on this interstellar journey by visiting our website support page. Your contributions help us continue our mission to explore the wonders of the universe. Clear skies and boundless exploration await on Space Nuts, where we make the cosmos your backyard.
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Mars, Exoplanets, and Spacewalk Solutions
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this captivating episode of Space Nuts, where they explore the latest discoveries and innovations in space exploration.
Episode Highlights:
- Curiosity's Sulphur Surprise: Discover the unexpected find by the Curiosity rover on Mars—a cluster of rocks revealing pure sulphur crystals. Fred explains the significance of this discovery and the conditions that might have led to the formation of these crystals in Gale Crater.
- Extreme Exoplanet Orbits: Learn about the unique and highly elongated orbit of exoplanet TIC 241-24-9530 b. This planet's orbit could provide insights into the migration patterns of hot Jupiters and the dynamics of planetary systems.
- To Pee or Not to Pee: Uncover the latest advancements in spacewalk technology designed to make life easier for astronauts. Fred and Andrew discuss a new device that collects and filters urine, turning it into drinkable water, and its potential impact on long-duration space missions.
- Don't forget to send us your questions via our website... spacenuts.io.
- Support Space Nuts and join us on this interstellar journey by visiting our website support page. Your contributions help us continue our mission to explore the wonders of the universe. Clear skies and boundless exploration await on Space Nuts, where we make the cosmos your backyard.
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Space Nuts Q&A: Background Modulation, Energy into Matter, and Spacecraft in Space
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this intriguing Q&A episode of Space Nuts, where they delve into listener questions about the mysteries of space and the universe.Episode Highlights:

• Background Modulation: Craig from Maroombula, NSW, asks about the effects of background gravitational modulation on the cosmic microwave background. Fred explains the relationship between gravitational waves and the cosmic microwave background, and whether these modulations could influence our observations.
• - Energy into Matter: John inquires about the possibility of turning energy into matter in a lab setting. Fred discusses a groundbreaking experiment at Brookhaven National Laboratory that successfully demonstrated this phenomenon.
• - Spin Rates in Space: John also asks why the Earth spins at a constant speed and whether all celestial bodies spin at constant rates. Fred provides insights into the physics of spin and the factors that influence it.
• - Spacecraft in Space: Nigel from Brisbane wonders if two spacecraft meeting in interstellar space would stay perfectly still or drift apart. Fred explains the concept of station keeping and the factors that could cause spacecraft to drift.
• Don't forget to send us your questions via our website... spacenuts.io.
• Support Space Nuts and join us on this interstellar journey by visiting our website support page. Your contributions help us continue our mission to explore the wonders of the universe. Clear skies and boundless exploration await on Space Nuts, where we make the cosmos your backyard.
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This episode is brought to you with the support of Incogni...protect your data online. Check out the special Space Nuts listener deal at incogni.com/spacenuts
Black Holes, Luca, and Space Junk
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this fascinating episode of Space Nuts, where they dive into the mysteries of black holes, the origins of life, and the growing concerns about space junk.
Episode Highlights:
- **New Class of Black Hole**: Discover the recently categorised intermediate black hole, its significance, and how it challenges our understanding of these cosmic giants.
- **The Last Universal Common Ancestor (LUCA)**: Explore the origins of life on Earth and the surprising discovery that life's common ancestor is older than previously thought.
- **Space Junk Concerns**: Uncover the latest incidents involving space debris and the growing risks they pose to life and property on Earth.

Don't forget to send us your questions via our website... [spacenuts.io]
Support Space Nuts and join us on this interstellar journey by visiting our website support page. Your contributions help us continue our mission to explore the wonders of the universe. Clear skies and boundless exploration await on Space Nuts, where we make the cosmos your backyard.
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This episode is brought to you with the support of Incogni...protect your data online. Check out the special Space Nuts listener deal at incogni.com/spacenuts

Space Nuts Q&A: Gravity Without Mass, Energy and Gravity, and Early GalaxiesJoin Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this engaging Q&A episode of Space Nuts, where they tackle intriguing questions from our listeners about gravity, energy, and the movement of galaxies.
Episode Highlights:

• Gravity Without Mass? Steve from New Zealand asks if gravity can exist without mass. Fred dives into the complexities of this question, exploring the relationship between energy and mass, and whether this could offer an alternative explanation for dark matter.
• - Energy and Gravity: Gus from Issaquah, Washington, ponders whether energy creates gravity and if a gravitational field itself generates energy and mass. Fred discusses the potential implications and the concept of gravitational energy.
• - Early Galaxies Moving Towards Us: Nick from Auckland, New Zealand, wonders if early galaxies could be moving towards us, currently out of reach. Fred explains the mechanics of galaxy movements and the Doppler effect, shedding light on whether such galaxies could be hidden from view.
• Don't forget to send us your questions via our website... [spacenuts.io].
• Support Space Nuts and join us on this interstellar journey by visiting our website support page. Your contributions help us continue our mission to explore the wonders of the universe.Clear skies and boundless exploration await on Space Nuts, where we make the cosmos your backyard.
• Check out our sponsor: www.incogni.com/spacenuts
• Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/space-nuts--2631155/support.

Marsquakes, Parker Solar Probe, and Ancient Supernova
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this captivating episode of Space Nuts, where they explore the latest cosmic discoveries and delve into the history of the universe.

Episode Highlights:

• Marsquakes Unveiled: Discover the unexpected frequency of Marsquakes, thanks to data from the now-retired InSight mission. Fred explains how these findings are reshaping our understanding of Martian geology and the impact rates on the Red Planet.
• - Parker Solar Probe's Record-Breaking Speed: The Parker Solar Probe has set a new speed record as it skims the sun at an astonishing pace. Learn about the spacecraft's incredible journey and its upcoming close passes.
• - Ancient Supernova of 1181: Uncover the mysteries of a supernova first observed in 1181. Fred discusses recent discoveries and what they reveal about this rare cosmic event, including the collision of two white dwarf stars.
• Don't forget to send us your questions via our website... spacenuts.io.
• Support Space Nuts and join us on this interstellar journey by visiting our website support page. Your contributions help us continue our mission to explore the wonders of the universe.Clear skies and boundless exploration await on Space Nuts, where we make the cosmos your backyard.
• For an extra special deal from our sponsor, Malwarebytes - cyber security for everyone, visit www.bitesz.com/malwarebytes ....but be quick. For a  very limited time you get 50% off. You really don't want to miss this. It's one we use to protect all our devices and swear by. It just works!
  
  

Space Nuts Q&A: Virtual Particles, Black Hole Spin, and Black Hole CollisionsJoin Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this intriguing Q&A edition of Space Nuts, where they delve into the mysteries of black holes and virtual particles.Episode Highlights:- **Virtual Particles Explained**: Listener Martin from the Wirral near Liverpool asks about the nature of virtual particles and their role in Hawking radiation. Fred provides clarity on this complex topic and the ongoing debate about their existence.- **What Spins in a Black Hole?**: Michael from Evanston, Illinois, is curious about what exactly spins in a black hole. Fred explains the concept of angular momentum and how it applies to these enigmatic cosmic objects.- **Black Hole Collisions**: Josh from Pennsylvania wonders if two supermassive black holes colliding could result in a piece breaking off. Fred discusses the nature of black hole mergers and why bits of black holes don't break off.

Don't forget to send us your questions via our website... [spacenuts.io]
Support Space Nuts and join us on this interstellar journey by visiting our website support page. Your contributions help us continue our mission to explore the wonders of the universe.Clear skies and boundless exploration await on Space Nuts, where we make the cosmos your backyard.
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Space Nuts Episode 431: James Webb Discoveries, Space Junk, and Ocean WorldsJoin Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this exciting episode of Space Nuts, where they explore the latest in space science and astronomy.
Episode Highlights:- James Webb Space Telescope Discovery: The James Webb Space Telescope has captured images from a time when the universe was only 3% of its current age. Fred and Andrew discuss the significance of this discovery and the stunning images of star clusters in the cosmic gems arc.
- Space Junk Hits Home: Space junk re-entered Earth's atmosphere and struck a house in Florida. Discover the details of this near-disaster and the legal implications for NASA.
- Life in Ocean Worlds: Could life exist in the hydrothermal vents of ocean worlds like Europa and Enceladus? A new study suggests it's possible. Fred dives into the research and what it means for the search for extraterrestrial life.
Don't forget to send us your questions via our website... spacenuts.io.
Support Space Nuts and join us on this interstellar journey by visiting our website support page. Your contributions help us continue our mission to explore the wonders of the universe.
Clear skies and boundless exploration await on Space Nuts, where we make the cosmos your backyard.
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Space Nuts Q&A: Black Holes, Voyager 1, and Atmospheric TubesJoin Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this lively Q&A edition of Space Nuts, where they tackle intriguing questions from listeners Geoff, Paddy, and Oliver. From the mysteries of black holes to the adventures of Voyager 1, this episode is packed with cosmic insights.Episode Highlights:- **Black Holes and Radiation**: Young listener Oliver from Queensland poses a fascinating question about why radiation from black holes doesn't get sucked back in and whether black holes could be creating dark energy. Fred explains the concept of Hawking radiation and delves into the theories connecting black holes to dark energy.- **Voyager 1's Journey**: Paddy from Northern Ireland asks about cosmic rays, the recent drama with Voyager 1, and how NASA manages to communicate with such a distant spacecraft. Fred discusses the nature of cosmic rays, the shielding effect of Earth's atmosphere, and the impressive technology of the Deep Space Network.- **Atmospheric Tubes**: Geoff from the Isle of Wight presents a "what if" scenario involving a magic pipe extending into space. Fred explores the physics behind atmospheric pressure and gravitational pull, explaining why such a pipe wouldn't suck out Earth's atmosphere
Don't forget to send us your questions via our website... [spacenuts.io](https://www.spacenuts.io).

**Support Space Nuts** and join us on this interstellar journey by visiting our website support page. Your contributions help us continue our mission to explore the wonders of the universe.
Clear skies and boundless exploration await on Space Nuts, where we make the cosmos your backyard.
Become a **supporter** of this podcast: [https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/space-nuts--2631155/support](https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/space-nuts--2631155/support)
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Space Nuts Episode: Boeing Starliner, Titan's Coastal Erosion, and Dark Matter InfluenceSpace Nuts Episode: Boeing Starliner, Titan's Coastal Erosion, and Dark Matter Influence. Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this riveting episode of Space Nuts, where they delve into the latest space science and astronomy news.
Episode Highlights:- Boeing Starliner Update: The Boeing Starliner faces new challenges, this time with its return to Earth. Fred and Andrew discuss the issues with the thrusters and the cautious approach by NASA and Boeing to ensure the astronauts' safe return.
- Titan's Coastal Erosion: Discover the latest findings on Titan, the only other body in our solar system with a liquid surface. The duo explores how coastal erosion on Titan might be driven by waves, similar to Earth, and what this means for our understanding of this intriguing moon.
- Moon Formation: Fred explains the latest research on where moons are most likely to form, with a focus on rocky planets. Learn about the theories behind moon formation and why our own moon might be a rarity.
- Dark Matter Influence: Dark matter is back in the news with new research questioning our understanding of its influence on galaxies. Fred discusses the latest findings and what they mean for the future of dark matter research.
Don't forget to send us your questions via our website for our Q&A episodes....available Mondays... spacenuts.io.
Support Space Nuts and join us on this interstellar journey by visiting our website support page. Your contributions help us continue our mission to explore the wonders of the universe.
Clear skies and boundless exploration await on Space Nuts, where we make the cosmos your backyard.
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Space Nuts Q&A: Dark Matter, Big Bang, and Sci-Fi TechJoin Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this engaging Q&A edition of Space Nuts, where they address intriguing questions from listeners Michael, Rennie, Joseph, and Ralph. From the mysterious nature of dark matter to the energetic comparison between the Big Bang and supernovas, this episode is packed with cosmic insights.Episode Highlights:- Dark Matter: Michael from Illinois asks if dark matter could be the fabric of space-time. Fred explains why dark matter warps space rather than being the fabric itself and delves into the ongoing search for its true nature.
- Sci-Fi Tech: Michael also inquires about technological advances from science fiction that could become reality. Fred and Andrew discuss space elevators, warp speed travel, and the manipulation of gravity.
- Big Bang vs. Supernovas: Rennie Traub wants to know how the energy of the Big Bang compares to the most powerful supernovas or gamma-ray bursts. Fred highlights the vast difference in energy levels, with the Big Bang being incomparably more powerful.
- Primordial Black Holes: Joseph from Melbourne asks if primordial black holes could explain recent James Webb images of enormous distant black holes and if they could account for dark matter. Fred explores the possibilities and recent research on this topic.
- The Three-Body Problem: Ralph seeks advice on navigating the complex book series "The Three-Body Problem" and shares updates on its adaptation into a TV series.
Don't forget to send us your questions via our website...spacenuts.io.Support Space Nuts and join us on this interstellar journey by visiting our website support page. Your contributions help us continue our mission to explore the wonders of the universe. Clear skies and boundless exploration await on Space Nuts, where we make the cosmos your backyard.
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Weird Mars Rock, Anti-Ageing in Space, and Asteroid CollisionsJoin Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this fascinating episode of Space Nuts, where they delve into the latest discoveries and phenomena in space science and astronomy.Episode Highlights:- Weird Mars Rock: The Perseverance rover has discovered a peculiar rock on Mars that stands out like a sore thumb. Identified as an anorthosite, this unusual rock could offer insights into Mars' crust and its geological history.
- Anti-Ageing Effects of Space Travel: A civilian space mission has revealed surprising health benefits of space travel, including the lengthening of telomeres, which are associated with anti-ageing. Fred and Andrew discuss the implications and potential future studies.
- James Webb Space Telescope: The James Webb Space Telescope has observed an asteroid collision in the Beta Pictoris system. This discovery provides a glimpse into the chaotic early stages of solar system formation.
Don't forget to send us your questions via our website...spacenuts.io.
Support Space Nuts and join us on this interstellar journey by visiting our website support page. Your contributions help us continue our mission to explore the wonders of the universe.Clear skies and boundless exploration await on Space Nuts, where we make the cosmos your backyard.
Check out our sponsor: www.nordvpn.com/spacenuts
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Space Nuts Episode: Radio Interference, Multiverse Viability, and Martian Water Behaviour
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this intriguing Q&A edition of Space Nuts, where they tackle a variety of thought-provoking questions from listeners. From the challenges of radio astronomy in urban areas to the fascinating possibilities of multiverse sizes, this episode is packed with cosmic insights.
Episode Highlights:

• Radio Interference and Urban Astronomy: Tobias from Marsfield, Sydney, asks about the viability of radio astronomy near urban areas, specifically at the CSIRO astrophysics lab. Fred discusses the impact of terrestrial radio interference and the transition to LED street lights on astronomical observations.
• - Multiverse Viability: Jeffrey inquires about the smallest possible size for a viable universe in a multiverse scenario. Fred explores the complexities of universe formation and the intriguing theories proposed by Roger Penrose.
• - Dark Matter and Angular Momentum: Rosie's husband raises questions about the correlation between gravitational lensing and dark matter mass measurements. Fred explains how gravitational lensing helps map dark matter in galaxies and clusters.
• - Water Behaviour on Mars: Cam from the Blue Mountains imagines aquatic leisure activities on ancient Mars. Fred delves into how water would behave in Mars' lower gravity, including swimming, splashing, and the potential for belly flops from great heights.

Don't forget to send us your questions via our website...spacenuts.io
Support Space Nuts and join us on this interstellar journey by visiting our website support page. Your contributions help us continue our mission to explore the wonders of the universe.
Clear skies and boundless exploration await on Space Nuts, where we make the cosmos your backyard.

Check out our sponsor: www.nordvpn.com/spacenuts 

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Space Nuts Episode: NASA's New AR Toy, Star Trek Illusion, and Euclid's Orphan Stars
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this captivating episode of Space Nuts as they explore the latest in space science and astronomy. From NASA's innovative social media tools to the intriguing discoveries by the Euclid space telescope, there's something for every space enthusiast.
Episode Highlights:
- NASA's Augmented Reality for Instagram: Learn about NASA's new AR tool for Instagram users, designed to bring the wonders of the universe to your screen in a whole new dimension. Fred and Andrew discuss the impact and potential of this exciting technology.
- Star Trek Illusion: Discover the disappointing truth behind the star that was supposed to host the planet Vulcan from Star Trek. Fred explains the recent findings that debunk the existence of this fictional planet.
- Euclid Space Telescope's Orphan Stars: The first images from the Euclid space telescope have revealed a surprising number of orphan stars. Fred delves into the significance of this discovery and what it means for our understanding of the universe.
- Rogue Planets in the Milky Way: Euclid's mission also uncovers rogue planets within the Orion Nebula. Andrew and Fred discuss the implications of these free-floating planets and the ongoing search for Planet Nine.
Support Space Nuts and join us on this interstellar journey by visiting our website support page. Your contributions help us continue our mission to explore the wonders of the universe. Clear skies and boundless exploration await on Space Nuts, where we make the cosmos your backyard.
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Space Nuts Episode: Space Junk, Gravity Waves, and Solar Eclipses
Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this engaging Q&A edition of Space Nuts, where they tackle a variety of intriguing questions from listeners around the globe.
Episode Highlights:
- **Space Junk**: Pete from Mamong Point raises concerns about the long-term effects of burning up space debris in Earth's atmosphere. Fred discusses the implications and complexities of space junk management, including the concept of "graveyard orbits" and the infamous Point Nemo.
- **Gravity Waves**: Philip from Australia, originally from Glasgow, delves into the nature of gravity waves and their composition. Fred explains the concept of spacetime distortion and how gravitational waves propagate through the fabric of the universe.
- **Matter and Energy**: Giego from Slovakia questions whether vacuum energy could be converted into matter, creating new matter that wasn't present since the Big Bang. Fred provides a detailed explanation on the conversion of energy to matter and the role of dark energy.
- **Solar Eclipses**: Beverly from Texas shares her excitement about witnessing her first total solar eclipse and asks Fred and Andrew about their experiences. Fred recounts his memorable eclipse viewings and the emotional impact of this celestial phenomenon.
00:00:00 This is a Q and a edition of Space Nuts
00:01:09 Fred and Andrew ask two questions about gravity on today's show
00:08:12 In recent weeks, there's been multiple mentions of space debris burning up
00:14:27 NordVPN details: Virtual private network helps protect online activities from hackers and scammers
00:18:05 Could vacuum energy be converted into matter with expanding universe
00:21:27 Beverly from Texas hopes to see a total solar eclipse soon
00:22:16 Fred, how many total eclipses have you seen in person
00:29:54 Episode wrap
Support Space Nuts and join us on this interstellar journey by visiting our website support page. Your contributions help us continue our mission to explore the wonders of the universe. Clear skies and boundless exploration await on Space Nuts, where we make the cosmos your backyard.
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Space Nuts Episode: Earth-Like Exoplanets, Alien Megastructures, and Space NoiseJoin Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this thrilling episode of Space Nuts as they delve into the latest discoveries and challenges in space science. From the discovery of an Earth-like exoplanet to the search for alien megastructures, this episode promises to be a cosmic journey you won't want to miss.
Episode Highlights:- Earth-Like Exoplanet Discovery: An Australian-Scottish collaboration has discovered an exoplanet that closely resembles Earth in size and is located in the habitable zone of its star. Learn about its potential for hosting liquid water and the exciting future possibilities for imaging this distant world.
- Space Noise Threat to SKA: The Square Kilometre Array (SKA) radio telescope faces challenges from satellite noise. Fred discusses the efforts to mitigate these issues and the ongoing collaboration between astronomers and the satellite industry to protect this significant investment in radio astronomy.
- Search for Alien Megastructures: Could Dyson spheres exist? Fred and Andrew explore the latest research and debate the feasibility of such megastructures, considering the immense material and energy requirements involved.

Support Space Nuts and join us on this interstellar journey by visiting our website support page. Your contributions help us continue our mission to explore the wonders of the universe. Clear skies and boundless exploration await on Space Nuts, where we make the cosmos your backyard.
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Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson for another enlightening episode of Space Nuts Q&A. This week, we tackle a variety of listener questions that delve into the fascinating intricacies of space science and astronomy.
First, we revisit a question from Alan about the detectability of light at one candle power of an LED in space. Fred breaks down the calculations and assumptions, providing insights into how far such a light source would be visible, even with the Hubble Telescope.
Next, Nate from Queensland asks about bolometric luminosity and its implications for predicting changes in stars, such as supernovae. Fred explains the concept of bolometric measurements, the use of bolometers, and whether there's a standard way to predict changes in a star's luminosity.
David from Melbourne brings up Hawking radiation and its potential connection to dark matter and dark energy. Fred clarifies the nature of Hawking radiation and discusses recent research linking black holes to dark energy, albeit without involving Hawking radiation.
Martin from Maryland poses a question about the hazards of near-light-speed travel for spacecraft and their biospheres. Fred explores the potential dangers, including nuclear interactions and radiation, that could arise from such high-speed travel.
Finally, Ryan from Delaware inquires about the feasibility of refuelling or repairing the James Webb Space Telescope. Fred explains the challenges due to its location at the L2 point and the economic considerations that make such missions unlikely.
Tune in to this episode of Space Nuts for these intriguing discussions and more. Your questions drive the conversation, so keep them coming!
00:00:00 Professor Fred Watson answers questions on this episode of Space Nuts
00:01:54 How far away could you see one candle power led with the Hubble telescope
00:06:00 Nate from Queensland asks some questions about volumetric luminosity
00:07:20 Bolometric brightness is the brightness of something measured over its whole spectrum
00:13:50 Is hawking radiation anything to do with dark matter or dark energy
00:15:54 What are the major hazards to spacecraft as they approach relativistic speeds
00:21:10 Ryan from Delaware has a question about the James Webb space telescope
00:27:58 Andrew: Thanks to everybody who contributed this week to Space Nuts q and a
00:29:15 This podcast is available on iTunes, Spotify and iHeartRadio
Support Space Nuts and join us on this interstellar journey by visiting our website support page. Your contributions help us continue our mission to explore the wonders of the universe. Clear skies and boundless exploration await on Space Nuts, where we make the cosmos your backyard.
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Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this captivating episode of Space Nuts as they explore some of the most intriguing phenomena in space science.First up, zebrafish are making waves in orbit! These tiny aquanauts are part of a Chinese space mission on the Tiangong space station. Discover why zebrafish are ideal candidates for space research and what their genetic similarities to humans could reveal about the effects of zero gravity on biological organisms.Next, delve into the mystery of the cold spot in space, a peculiar anomaly within the cosmic microwave background radiation. Fred explains the significance of this cold spot, its potential causes, and why it challenges our understanding of the universe's isotropy. Could a giant cosmic void be the culprit, or is there another explanation lurking in the cosmos?Additionally, the duo discusses the exciting progress of the Vera C. Rubin Observatory, featuring the world's largest digital camera, which promises to revolutionise our view of the night sky. Learn about its remarkable capabilities and the potential discoveries it could unveil, including the elusive Planet Nine.
00:00:00 This is space nuts, where we talk astronomy and space science
00:01:54 The camera for the Vera C. Rubin telescope telescope has been delivered
00:07:19 Zebrafish on Chinese space station for research into effects of space on fish
00:12:46 Andrew Dunkley: Scientists trying to make aquariums in space self-sustainable
00:15:22 Fred says there's a cold spot in space caused by cosmic microwave background radiation
00:24:00 Cold spots in the cosmic microwave background radiation are not unusual
00:29:27 There's so much going on in the world of space
Support Space Nuts and join us on this interstellar journey by visiting our website support page. Your contributions help us continue our mission to explore the wonders of the universe. Clear skies and boundless exploration await on Space Nuts, where we make the cosmos your backyard.
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Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson for another riveting Q&A edition of Space Nuts. This episode dives into some fascinating listener questions that challenge our understanding of space and science.First up, Mikey from Illinois poses a thought-provoking question: Can we drink water from the moon or Mars? Andrew and Fred explore the potential risks and benefits of consuming extraterrestrial water, including the presence of unknown substances and the impact of heavy water isotopes.Next, Sean from Nottingham inquires about the Nemesis theory, asking whether there could be a small sun or neutron star in our solar system, possibly linked to the elusive Planet Nine. Fred delves into the history and current standing of this hypothesis, examining its implications for mass extinctions and the structure of our solar system.Finally, Rusty from Donnybrook raises a question about the Hubble constant and whether the interstellar medium might be affecting the measurements of standard candles, leading to discrepancies in the universe's expansion rate. Fred explains the intricacies of this cosmic conundrum and why astronomers have considered and largely ruled out this possibility.

From the safety of lunar water to the mysteries of distant stars and the expanding universe, this episode of Space Nuts promises to ignite your curiosity and expand your cosmic knowledge. Tune in and join the conversation!

00:00:00 Andrew Dunkley answers audience questions on Space Nuts Q and a edition
00:01:29 When we get to moon and Mars, should we drink contaminated water
00:09:32 Fred asks whether small sun in solar system could be planet nine
00:16:32 Recent scientific analysis no longer supports the nemesis hypothesis, NASA says
00:19:13 Is it possible that the interstellar medium is causing standard candles to lose intensity
00:26:51 Fred Watson: Andrew, thanks for hosting the Space Nuts podcast
Support Space Nuts and join us on this interstellar voyage by visiting our support page. Your contributions help us continue our mission to explore the wonders of the universe. Clear skies and boundless exploration await on Space Nuts, where we make the cosmos your backyard.

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Embark on a celestial journey with Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this episode of Space Nuts, where they explore a variety of space phenomena that are as intriguing as they are mysterious. Firstly, they discuss Blue Origin's return to the stars with NS-25, a mission that marked a triumphant comeback after technical setbacks. The flight not only signifies Blue Origin's resilience but also the inspirational story of Ed Dwight, the first African-American astronaut candidate, who at 90 years old, set a record as the oldest person to reach space.Next, the conversation lightens with the discovery of a planet with the consistency of fairy floss, also known as cotton candy or candy floss. WASP-193b, a gas giant that defies the norms of density and composition, leaves astronomers scratching their heads. How does a planet become so 'fluffy'? What could it possibly be made of? These are the questions that Andrew and Fred ponder as they delve into the mysteries of planet formation.Lastly, the duo discusses the gravitational wave background in the universe, likening it to the cosmic microwave background radiation. They explore how pulsar timing arrays are providing new insights into the 'hiss' of gravitational waves created by countless cosmic events, offering a deeper understanding of the universe's dynamic fabric.From record-breaking astronauts to cotton candy planets and the cosmic symphony of gravitational waves, this episode of Space Nuts is packed with astronomical wonders that will leave you in awe. Tune in and let your curiosity soar to the farthest reaches of space.00:00:00 This is Space Nuts, where we talk astronomy and space science
00:01:12 Professor Fred Watson discusses eating fairy floss with a moustache
00:02:10 Bright flash in the sky over Europe turned out to be comet
00:05:55 Ed Dwight was the first astronaut of colour to be selected by NASA
00:10:10 This is a newly discovered planet, or newly identified planet
00:17:14 Planet in orbit around red dwarf star 1200 light years away
00:21:06 Fred: Some work is being done on background gravitational waves
00:28:17 Fred Watson: People are fascinated by gravitational waves because of mystery 
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Prepare to have your mind stretched to the cosmic limits in this Q&A episode of Space Nuts. Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson answer a selection of thought-provoking questions sent in by our curious listeners, tackling the mysteries of light, the concept of a holographic universe, and the challenges of interstellar travel.
First up, Alan from Medicine Hat, Canada, wonders how far light from an LED with one candle power can travel before it becomes undetectable by space telescopes. The duo discusses the persistence of light and the factors that influence our ability to observe its journey through the cosmos.
Next, Charles probes the perplexing theory of a holographic universe, questioning whether our three-dimensional experience is merely a projection from a two-dimensional boundary. Andrew and Fred unravel the theoretical underpinnings of this mind-bending concept and its implications for our understanding of reality.
The conversation then accelerates to relativistic speeds with Craig from sunny Merimbula, NSW, asking how fast a spacecraft must travel before encountering drag in the sparse medium of space. They also consider the potential hazards of high-speed collisions with cosmic dust and gas, pondering the aerodynamic and navigational challenges that would arise.
From the eternal voyage of light to the enigmatic nature of our universe and the theoretical speed limits of space travel, this episode of Space Nuts is a cosmic conundrum of astronomical proportions. Tune in as Andrew and Fred navigate through the universe's most intriguing puzzles.
00:00:00 Andrew Dunkley answers questions about light on this edition of Space Nuts
00:01:38 First question comes from Alan from Medicine Hat, Canada
00:03:44 There is no known limit to how far light can travel
00:06:03 Charles: What do you think of the theory that we live in a holographic universe
00:13:46 If all universes are expanding, would they eventually overlap
00:17:41 Craig Miller calls from sunny Merimbula in New South Wales
00:19:03 How much speed would drag depend on the concentration of particles in space

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Clear skies and cosmic queries await on Space Nuts, where we make the cosmos your backyard.

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Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson as they embark on another fascinating journey through the cosmos in the latest episode of Space Nuts. In this installment, the duo delves into a myriad of space phenomena, starting with the most significant solar flare in nearly a decade. They discuss the stunning auroral displays that resulted from this solar outburst and the potential impacts such events can have on our technology.Next, they celebrate a milestone for the Mars rover Perseverance, which has spent over 1000 days (or sols) on the Red Planet. The conversation explores the significance of the samples collected by Perseverance, including those that may contain ancient signs of life, and the future plans for their retrieval.The episode then propels into the future of space travel with NASA's innovative plasma rocket concept, which promises to cut travel time to Mars significantly. Andrew and Fred unpack the potential of this high-efficiency propulsion system and what it could mean for human exploration of the Red Planet.Finally, the pair examines a colossal protoplanetary disc discovery, the largest ever observed, which could herald the formation of some of the most massive planets we've ever seen. They ponder the possibilities of planet formation, the emergence of life, and the long-term evolution of these cosmic systems.From solar spectacles and Martian milestones to revolutionary rockets and planetary potential, this episode of Space Nuts is a cosmic cornucopia of astronomical insights. Tune in and let your imagination soar as we continue to uncover the secrets of the universe.
00:00:00 Andrew Dunkley talks about budgets and dog issues on this week's Space Nuts
00:02:31 The biggest solar flare in nearly a decade has just passed over the earth
00:06:58 Perseverance mission to look for signs of past life on Mars
00:14:22 Andrew Freedman says he could rerelease World War One audio under Australian copyright
00:16:49 A proposed plasma rocket would cut the travel time to Mars to two months
00:24:09 Fred: Have you seen a house before they build it
00:25:47 New infrared observations show giant edge on protoplanetary disc
00:32:10 Space Nuts podcast available at Apple Podcasts, Spotify and iHeartRadio

Support Space Nuts and join us on this interstellar voyage by visiting our support page. Your contributions help us continue our mission to explore the wonders of the universe. Clear skies and boundless exploration await on Space Nuts, where we make the cosmos your backyard.


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Prepare for a cosmic deep dive into the enigmatic world of black holes and stellar mysteries on this Q&A episode of Space Nuts. 
Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson answer burning questions from the Space Nuts community, starting with a head-scratcher about black holes and magnetic fields. Can these gravitational giants possess magnetic fields, and if so, how do they influence the spectacular jets seen emanating from quasars? The duo untangles the complex relationship between rotation, charge, and magnetism.
Next, Pete from sunny Sheffield queries the stellar classification mnemonic "Oh, Be A Fine Girl, Kiss Me" and its implications. How do the proportions of these star types stack up in the Milky Way, and do these ratios hold true across other galaxies? The conversation illuminates the cosmic census of star types, from the rare, scorching O stars to the ubiquitous, cooler M dwarfs.
Listeners also get a personal touch as Michael from Kent inquires about Fred's most standout project over his illustrious career. Fred shares insights into his contributions to groundbreaking surveys and reminisces about the influential projects that have shaped our understanding of the universe.
Rounding off the episode, Rusty from Donnybrook seeks to understand why fogbows are white rather than exhibiting the vibrant hues of a typical rainbow. The answer lies in the intricate interplay of light refraction, dispersion, and the often-overlooked diffraction in tiny water droplets.
From the nature of magnetic fields in the abyss of black holes to the distribution of stars across the cosmos, this episode of Space Nuts is a treasure trove of astronomical knowledge. Tune in as Andrew and Fred navigate the celestial curiosities that keep us gazing skyward with wonder.
00:00:00 Professor Fred Watson answers your questions on this edition of Space Nuts
00:02:31 Robert from the Netherlands says black holes do not have a magnetic field
00:09:15 Three questions from Pete Ellinger on different types of stars
00:15:08 Metallicity, the amount of iron in a star, varies across galaxies
00:16:59 If there was a project that you could have worked on past or present, what
00:25:21 The hippie telescope was a big leap forward from the existing telescope
00:25:47 Final question, Fred, comes from Rusty in Donnybrook about fog bows
Support Space Nuts and join us on this journey through the stars by visiting https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/space-nuts--2631155/support.
Your contributions help us continue our mission to answer the universe's most perplexing questions.

Clear skies and boundless curiosity await on Space Nuts, where we make the cosmos your backyard.

Embark on a lunar adventure with Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this episode of Space Nuts, as they delve into the challenges and innovations surrounding our celestial neighbor, the Moon. First up, the duo discusses the recent setbacks of Boeing's Starliner, a spacecraft that faced yet another delay just moments before its much-anticipated launch. What went wrong this time, and what does it mean for the future of crewed missions?Next, they illuminate the idea of using mirrors to shine sunlight into the permanently shadowed craters of the Moon's South Pole. With the potential of harvesting water ice for resources, could this reflective solution be the key to sustaining future lunar bases?Then, celebrate a special anniversary with the team as they highlight ten years of HIPPI, the High Precision Polarimetric Instrument, and its incredible contributions to astronomy. From tracking magnetic fields in distant galaxies to the possibility of detecting rainbows on exoplanets, HIPPI's decade of discovery is truly something to cheer about.Finally, the conversation turns to Earth as Andrew and Fred explore how satellites are revolutionizing agriculture by predicting crop yields from space. This technology holds promise for farmers around the globe, especially in the face of changing climate conditions.From the intricacies of space technology to the practical applications of satellite data, this episode of Space Nuts is a cosmic journey that connects the farthest reaches of the universe to the down-to-earth matters of daily life. Tune in and let your curiosity take flight.00:00:00 Andrew Dunkley: Space nuts podcast about astronomy and space science
00:01:30 Launch of Boeing Starliner scheduled for Friday has been scrubbed
00:04:47 Andrew Webb: There's a lot of interest in the moon right now
00:10:41 A valley in Norway has a mirror that doesn't see the sun
00:14:56 Andrew Dunkley: Hipie is the high precision polarimetric instrument
00:20:45 Polarising sunglasses can detect rainbows with incredibly high precision
00:25:40 Fred Geyer explores the use of satellites to predict crop yieldsSupport Space Nuts and join us on this interstellar voyage by visiting https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/space-nuts--2631155/support. Don't miss out on future episodes as we continue to decode the universe's grandest puzzles. Clear skies and bold questions await on Space Nuts, where we make the cosmos your backyard.

Prepare for an interstellar Q&A session with Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson on this episode of Space Nuts. We're answering cosmic queries from the Space Nuts audience, starting with James's fascination with the elusive Planet Nine. Could this potential new member of our solar system already have a name waiting in the wings, or will its discoverer have the honor of christening it?Next, Lloyd from Cairns wonders about celestial smash-ups, but not the kind involving black holes or neutron stars. What happens when ordinary stars collide? Do they dance a destructive tango, or can they merge into something grander? The duo delves into the fiery fates of these stellar encounters.Rennie probes the electromagnetic forces at play in the universe, from the behavior of light to the magnetic fields of galaxies. What role does electromagnetism play on other planets, and what happens to worlds lacking this fundamental force? Fred illuminates the subject with his astrophysical expertise.Finally, Ron poses a thought-provoking question: If alien scientists were observing Earth, could they detect signs of life from afar? And conversely, could we spot the telltale signs of extraterrestrial existence on a distant exoplanet? The answers might just redefine our search for cosmic companions.From naming planets to star collisions, electromagnetic enigmas, and the search for life beyond Earth, this episode of Space Nuts is an exploration of the curiosities that light up our universe. Tune in for these mind-expanding discussions and remember to send in your astronomical questions for a chance to be featured on the show.Support our cosmic journey by visiting https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/space-nuts--2631155/support. Your contributions help us continue our mission to unravel the mysteries of the stars. Until next time, keep your eyes on the skies and your curiosity boundless.00:00:00 Questions from James, Lloyd and Ron on this episode of Space Nuts
00:01:13 Andrew and Fred met Kate and Jeremy on the Canadian train for the eclipse
00:03:04 Andrew: Get your iPad to read the book rather than struggling through it
00:05:38 Planet nine, should such a thing be discovered? Or would the individual decide
00:12:48 Do normal everyday stars like our sun ever collide and what do they create
00:16:54 Do galaxies as a whole have electromagnetism
00:23:14 If scientists in distant solar system were searching for exoplanets using modern technology
00:30:08 Send us your questions via our website, spacenutspodcast. comSpace Nuts – your ticket to the universe. Join us each week as we make the cosmos your backyard

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Dive into the cosmic unknown with Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson on this episode of Space Nuts, as they explore the latest hiccups of the venerable Hubble Space Telescope. Despite its unparalleled success over the past 34 years, Hubble is once more grappling with gyroscopic glitches that threaten to reduce its celestial observations' efficiency. Can NASA engineers coax Hubble back to its full cosmic potential?Next, join the duo as they delve into the mystery of the fastest spinning asteroid ever discovered, 2024 BX1. Detected a mere three hours before it streaked through Earth's atmosphere, this diminutive space rock has set a new record for rapid rotation, completing a turn every 2.6 seconds. Learn how meteorite hunters in Poland managed to snag fragments of this celestial speedster, offering us a rare close-up of an asteroidal visitor.Finally, Andrew and Fred illuminate the perplexing world of gamma-ray bursts, those enigmatic flashes of light that outshine entire galaxies in mere seconds. With a new breakthrough in understanding their light curves, scientists are unraveling the symmetrical patterns of these bursts, revealing insights into the relativistic jets that propel them across the universe. Could this be the key to decoding one of the cosmos' most powerful phenomena?From the trials of Hubble to the swift twirl of an asteroid and the cryptic luminance of gamma-ray bursts, this episode of Space Nuts is a journey through the marvels and mysteries of our vast universe. Tune in and let your imagination soar to the farthest reaches of space and time.00:00:00 This is Space nuts. Coming up on this episode, Hubble having trouble again
00:02:31 Gyros at the Hubble space telescope have failed again but it's not fatal
00:07:38 An asteroid was detected 3 hours before it hit the earth's atmosphere
00:13:58 Professor Fred Watson says meteorite fragments were found before it hit earth
00:15:49 Gamma ray bursts were discovered accidentally in 1967 but scientists have been studying them since
00:20:20 Gamma ray bursts also have light curves which are completely symmetrical
00:26:46 Fred Dunkley: FRBs release huge amounts of energy in a short timeSupport Space Nuts and join us on this interstellar voyage by visiting https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/space-nuts--2631155/support. Don't miss out on future episodes as we continue to decode the universe's grandest puzzles. Clear skies and bold questions await on Space Nuts, where we make the cosmos your backyard.

Prepare to illuminate the mysteries of cosmic luminescence with Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in this enlightening Q&A episode of Space Nuts. Our stellar duo navigates the void to answer Lee from New York's luminary question: How much light is there in space? Could we see Voyager 1 in its distant travels, or would it merely be a shadow against the cosmic tapestry? Fred sheds light on the subject, revealing the surprising capabilities of the human eye in the darkest reaches.
Next, Fenton from Minnesota proposes an ingenious method for shielding astronauts from the relentless radiation beyond the Van Allen Belts. Could a miniaturized version of these protective fields be the key to safe space exploration? Fred unpacks the complexities of cosmic radiation and the futuristic technologies that might one day safeguard our interstellar voyagers.
Robert from Vienna ponders a parallel universe where our moon is not the cratered time capsule we know, but an icy or hazy sphere like Europa or Titan. Would our understanding of the solar system's history be drastically different? And would astronauts have dared to tread on such enigmatic surfaces? The answers might just surprise you.
Finally, Duncan from Weymouth queries the nomenclature of the outer planets, challenging the distinction between 'ice giants' and 'rock giants.' Fred clarifies the frosty moniker, explaining why Uranus and Neptune's chilly atmospheres earn them this cool classification.
From the potency of starlight to the protective puzzles of space travel, this episode of Space Nuts is a cosmic cornucopia of knowledge. Remember to share your own astronomical inquiries via the Space Nuts website, and join us as we continue to unravel the universe's most perplexing enigmas. Until we next embark on our celestial sojourn, keep pondering the heavens and stay tuned for more galactic revelations.
Support our journey through the cosmos by visiting https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/space-nuts--2631155/support. Your support helps us keep the starlight shining on these interstellar discussions. Until the next transmission, keep your telescopes trained and your curiosity alight.

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Embark on an astronomical adventure with Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson in the latest episode of Space Nuts, where they celebrate a historic moment for Australia with the announcement of the nation's first female astronaut, Catherine Bennell Pegg. Discover her remarkable journey to the stars and the aspirations she harbors for future Australian spacefarers.
Then, take a volcanic voyage to Jupiter's moon Io with Juno's latest flybys, revealing a lava lake in Loki Patera so vast and smooth it mirrors the gas giant itself. Marvel at the newly dubbed Steeple Mountain, a geological spire that evokes Earth's own gothic cathedrals, and ponder the mysterious forces sculpting Io's tumultuous terrain.
The episode continues to probe the secrets of the Solar System as Juno also sheds light on Jupiter's elusive water content, challenging previous theories about the giant planet's formation. And finally, the duo turns their gaze to Mars, where a new theory suggests that humans may inadvertently be unearthing the Red Planet's methane mysteries with the tread of rovers.
From celebrating trailblazing astronauts to unraveling the enigmas of alien worlds, this episode of Space Nuts is a cosmic journey not to be missed. Tune in for these interstellar stories, and remember to bring your curiosity as we explore the wonders of our universe.
Support the podcast and unlock a universe of knowledge by visiting https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/space-nuts--2631155/support. Don't forget to subscribe for more deep space discoveries and celestial insights with Space Nuts, where the cosmos is just a play button away. Until our next cosmic rendezvous, keep your eyes to the skies and your questions at the ready.

And for your daily space news fix, check out the team at our sister podcast 'Astronomy Daily the Podcast. Available wherever you get podcasts or stream from the website at www.astronomydaily.io

Journey through the cosmic conundrums and celestial curiosities in this riveting Q&A edition of Space Nuts. Join host Andrew Dunkley and the ever-enlightening Professor Fred Watson as they tackle a smorgasbord of listener questions that will leave you contemplating the vastness of the universe.
First on the docket, Jose from California stirs the space-time pot with a heady question about the nature of black holes and their role in birthing universes. Could the Big Bang have been a supernova from another realm? Is our universe expanding within the event horizon of a colossal black hole? Fred weighs in on these tantalizing theories, sharing insights that may just expand your mind faster than the universe itself.
Next, Alan probes the cosmic forge, wondering how the chaos of supernovae could lead to the concentrated caches of gold and other heavy metals we find on Earth. Fred demystifies the process, explaining how gravity and planet formation turn stellar detritus into the precious lodes we treasure.
Then, Justin from Brisbane ponders the uniqueness of Earth amidst the ever-growing catalog of exoplanets. As we discover more worlds, each more bizarre than the last, could it be that our pale blue dot is truly one of a kind? The discussion delves into the Fermi Paradox and the rarity of life's complex leap from single cells to sentient beings.
Lastly, James presents a duo of hypotheticals that challenge the limits of science fiction and science fact. Can we reverse gravity by reversing time? And could we engineer a magnetosphere on an asteroid like Psyche? Fred's responses to these queries are sure to electrify your imagination.
From the theoretical to the astronomical, this episode of Space Nuts is a cosmic buffet of brain food. Remember to send your own stargazing stumpers and interstellar inquiries via the Space Nuts website, and keep your ears tuned for more galactic greatness. Until next time, let the universe inspire wonder, and keep looking up!
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Prepare for liftoff with Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson on this thrilling installment of Space Nuts, as they recount Fred's astronomical escapades across the US, complete with eclipses, rocket launches, and the unexpected excitement of space junk crashing through a Floridian roof. Fred's journey is a celestial enthusiast's dream, featuring a spectacular total solar eclipse in Texas, a snowy adventure in Canada, and a close encounter with the northern lights.
But the cosmic wonders don't stop there. The duo dives into the discovery of the most massive stellar black hole yet found in our galaxy, a behemoth 33 times the mass of our sun, a mere 2,000 light-years away. This revelation challenges our understanding of stellar evolution and the formation of black holes, leaving astronomers pondering the mysteries of our cosmic backyard.
From the awe-inspiring vastness of black holes to the personal tales of stargazing and aurora hunting, this episode offers a universe of discovery. Don't miss out on the latest astronomical insights and Fred's interstellar journey that's sure to leave you starstruck.
Remember to subscribe and follow Space Nuts for more deep space tales and intergalactic insights. Until next time, keep your eyes on the cosmos and your mind open to the endless possibilities of the universe.
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 Episode Chapters
(00:00) Professor Fred Watson returns from trip to North America fully jet lagged
(02:40) Fred Watson uses his iPhone to take photographs of aurora in Canada
(06:32) Fred Watson went to Houston for the total solar eclipse in 1970
(11:27) Andrew Gannadar watched SpaceX Falcon nine rocket launch from Orlando hotel
(15:34) A gentleman in Florida had something come through his roof
(17:51) Talking about the ISS brings back memories of our 1960s trip to Kennedy
(18:33) Life size replica of Hubble space telescope at Kennedy Space Centre
(22:52) Most massive stellar black hole yet found in our galaxy
(24:27) Scientists detect massive black hole in sky using Gaia mission
(30:29) Andrew Dunkley welcomes Fred Watson back to the Space Nuts podcast

In this episode of Space Nuts Q&A, Andrew and Fred answer questions about supernovae, 3D printed telescopes, the Voyager space probe missions, and the possibility of using particle collision in space. They discuss how supernovae explosions do not blow away the gravitational field and how neutron stars develop as a result. They also provide insights into 3D printed telescopes and suggest that beginners may find it easier to start with an off-the-shelf telescope. They talk about the trajectory and potential fate of the Voyager spacecraft and discuss the challenges of building particle colliders in space. Overall, they provide informative and engaging answers to the audience's questions. Takeaways   Supernovae explosions do not blow away the gravitational field because gravity is associated with mass. The explosion only affects the outer envelope of the star, while the core collapses to become a neutron star. 3D printed telescopes can be a good option for beginners, but it may be easier to start with an off-the-shelf telescope. 3D printed telescopes require more components and may involve more fiddling around. The Voyager spacecraft will continue on their current trajectories and are not expected to pass near any star systems within human lifetimes. However, if they were near enough to Earth, they could be detectable by extraterrestrial intelligence. Building particle colliders in space is challenging due to the need for precise guidance and the high velocities of the particles. It may be more cost-effective and realistic to continue building particle colliders on Earth. The fate of the Voyager spacecraft is uncertain, but they could potentially be captured into orbit around another star or collide with other objects. They will likely outlast our species and continue on their trajectories away from the solar system. Chapters   00:00 Volcanic Features and Pyroclastic Deposits 00:28 Q&A: Supernovas and Neutron Stars 07:03 Q&A: 3D Printable Telescopes 11:07 Q&A: Voyager Space Probe Missions 15:12 Q&A: Particle Collisions and Voyager's Fate

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Embark on a cosmic odyssey with Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson as they unravel the mysteries of the universe's expansion and unearth a colossal Martian secret in this episode of Space Nuts. Dive into the perplexing debate over the universe's expansion rate, as new findings from the James Webb Space Telescope reignite the Hubble tension. With precision cosmology at our fingertips, discover why the universe's growth spurs more questions than answers, leaving us to ponder the potential for undiscovered physics that could reshape our cosmic understanding.
Then, join the expedition to Mars where a hidden giant lay dormant until now. The discovery of a monstrous volcano, nestled in the labyrinthine Noctis Labyrinthus, has scientists buzzing with excitement. Towering over 9,000 meters with a footprint spanning 450 kilometers, this Martian marvel could hold vital clues to the planet's fiery past and icy secrets beneath its surface. As explorers eye this volcanic behemoth as a future landing site, the prospects of unlocking Mars' ancient mysteries have never been more alluring.
From the enigmatic expansion of the cosmos to the volcanic vistas of Mars, this episode is a treasure trove for space enthusiasts and cosmic detectives. Tune in and let your imagination soar to new interstellar heights with Space Nuts. Remember to subscribe and follow us for more celestial tales and astronomical adventures. Until our next galactic gathering, keep your eyes to the skies and your heart in the stars.
🚀 Episode Chapters
(00:00) Andrew Dunkley introduces the cosmic conundrums
(05:12) The Hubble tension and the universe's expansion speed
(11:34) Professor Fred Watson discusses the James Webb Space Telescope's findings
(18:20) Unveiling the newly discovered Martian volcano
(24:45) The potential of Mars' glacial ice and future explorations
(28:57) Wrapping up with a look ahead to Space Nuts Q&A
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Strap in for an astronomical journey as Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson return to answer your burning cosmic questions in this enlightening episode of Space Nuts. Beam up to the cosmos as we tackle the challenges of snapping photos at supersonic speeds with the Breakthrough Starshot project. Viano from Florence brings into focus the hurdles of capturing clear images of distant planets when traveling at a third the speed of light. Could the blur of speed and the distortion of space-time leave us with just a glimpse of Proxima Centauri's secrets?
Next, we delve into the cosmic dance of celestial bodies. Brady from Florida, with a front-row seat to rocket launches, ponders the possibility of a moon having its own moon. Could a satellite's satellite exist, or are the gravitational tugs within our solar system too much for such a delicate balance? Professor Watson explains the intricate gravitational ballet that determines these cosmic relationships.
Then, Scott from Oregon opens a window into the fascinating world of triple star systems with a question about HD 110067. How can stars so far apart still be considered gravitationally bound? Discover the cosmic ties that bind these stellar companions across vast distances.
And for a bonus, we tackle an impromptu query from Dean about the Hubble Space Telescope's remarkable ability to maintain steady images while orbiting Earth. The secret lies in the dance of gyroscopes, but how long can this celestial photography session last?
From interstellar photography to the gravitational waltz of moons and stars, this episode is packed with insights into the mechanics of our universe. Remember to send us your space-related questions, and join us on this voyage of cosmic discovery. Subscribe to Space Nuts on your favorite podcast platform, and until our next stellar encounter, keep gazing at the stars and wondering about the wonders above. 
📋 Episode Chapters
(00:00) Andrew Dunkley welcomes your questions for Space Nuts Q and A
(01:52) Riano from Florence in Italy has two questions for us
(04:13) Andrew: Breakthrough project aims to send micro spacecraft to Alpha Centauri
(10:06) I talked about pluto about 100 times, I think
(10:21) Viana raises doubts about whether taking pictures from space is feasible
(12:40) Vienna's question was about the orbits of planets
(14:06) Andrew Dunkley with professor Fred Watson on space nuts podcast
(18:05) Andrew Dunkley: Scott from Oregon questions distance of triple star system
(23:57) Fred Watson says Hubble's lifetime will eventually be limited because gyroscopes failed



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Prepare to traverse the Martian landscapes and cosmic frontiers in this intriguing episode of Space Nuts, where Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson uncover the secrets of the Red Planet and the tiniest worlds beyond our solar system. In this episode, we're dusting off the Martian surface to reveal new evidence that hints at the planet's potential past life. A recent study from Japan brings to light ancient atmospheric conditions that could have fostered the formation of life-essential molecules. Dive into the science of how formaldehyde, a chemical you wouldn't typically associate with life, may have been a critical ingredient in Mars' primordial soup.
Then, we shrink our focus to the smallest exoplanet ever discovered, Kepler 37b. Is it a planet, an asteroid, or something in between? This celestial object, roughly the size of our Moon, challenges our definitions and understanding of planetary bodies. The team discusses the criteria that separate planets from dwarf planets and the exciting prospect of future discoveries with the upcoming Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope.
From Martian mysteries to minuscule exoplanets, this episode is a cosmic cocktail of astrophysical wonder and discovery. So, fasten your seatbelts, and let's embark on another Space Nuts adventure. Don't forget to hit the subscribe button on YouTube, and join us as we continue to explore the vast expanse of our universe. For more Space Nuts content, visit our website or tune in for the next episode. Until then, keep your eyes on the skies and your mind open to the endless possibilities of space.
📋 Episode Chapters
(00:00) This episode of Space nuts features Professor Fred Watson, astronomer at large
(01:33) Fred Koteman has just returned from a trip to Egypt
(06:58) There were issues with language and translation on our Egypt trip
(08:43) New research suggests ancient Mars could have harboured life
(15:56) Professor Fred Watson says Kepler 37 b is the smallest exoplanet ever found
(26:57) Fred Watson: Kepler 37 b is the smallest exoplanet thus found



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Your questions....our answers!
Buckle up, space cadets! Join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson as they navigate through a new constellation of cosmic queries in this episode of Space Nuts. In this interstellar Q&A session, we're launching straight into the terraforming terrain, pondering massive megastructures, and the cooling conundrum of Venus. Dan from California, or "Caladan," sparks a stellar discussion on whether a colossal solar panel at Venus's L1 point could reverse its runaway greenhouse effect.
Next, we're rocketing over to Dan in Brisbane, who's curious about the protostar L1527 and its captivating James Webb Space Telescope image. Our hosts explore the fate of material ejected during the formation of our solar system and the forces exerted by our sun's solar wind and photonic pressure. Could the remnants of our solar system's early cloud still linger in the cosmic winds?
Then, we're warping into the realms of science fiction with Star's question: Does scientific accuracy enhance the enjoyment of sci-fi, or is imagination the final frontier? Andrew shares his favorites, from the plausible "The Martian" to the fantastical "Dune," while Fred reflects on the genre's influence on his scientific path.
Lastly, young Ted from the UK, with some help from his father Joe, wonders why the moon is sometimes visible during the day and what that means for the other side of the Earth. Prepare for a lunar lesson that spans the globe!
So, ignite your curiosity engines and prepare for a journey through the mysteries of space and science fiction. Remember to send us your astronomical questions for a chance to be featured in our cosmic conversations. Subscribe to Space Nuts on your preferred podcast platform and join us as we continue our voyage through the vastness of the universe. Until next time, keep your telescopes trained and your dreams space-bound!
(00:00) Andrew dunkley: We've got a few questions about terraforming
(01:29) Recent data suggests Titan probably not as life worthy as we once thought
(04:00) How long would it take Venus to cool down and would that eventually lead to
(08:45) Fred: Dan from Brisbane wants to know about protostar formation
(15:23) We've got a question from star. Um, so we're talking about a proto star now
(15:51) When it comes to Sci-Fi does your enjoyment depend on how accurate it is
(21:59) Why can I sometimes see the moon during the day in the UK
(24:18) Andrew Dunkley: Thank you for joining us on Space Nuts

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Prepare for a stellar foray into the frontiers of astrophysics with your seasoned spacefarers, Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson, in this riveting episode of Space Nuts. Today, we're delving into the realm of nuclear alchemy, where scientists have replicated the cosmic crucible of colliding neutron stars right here on Earth. Andrew and Fred unpack the groundbreaking synthesis of new isotopes, previously the exclusive handiwork of the universe's most cataclysmic events. Discover how a platinum beam and a carbon target in the lab have opened a new window into the cosmic generation of elements like gold and silver, and what this means for our understanding of matter's deepest secrets.
Then, brace for a journey to the edges of space-time, as we shed light on the discovery of the fastest-growing and brightest quasar ever observed. This celestial behemoth, with a black hole 17 billion times the mass of our Sun, is not only a record-breaker but a window into the universe's youthful past, some 12 billion years ago. With a luminosity of 500 trillion suns and an event horizon stretching seven light years, this quasar is a true cosmic titan. Fred and Andrew explore the implications of such discoveries and ponder the evolution of these quasars, which now lie dormant in the current epoch of the universe.
And lest we forget, the episode is graced with a surprise guest—a goanna in Fred's backyard, reminding us of the enduring connection between Earth's ancient inhabitants and the stars that light our skies.
So, join us on this intergalactic voyage of discovery, where the wonders never cease, and the universe's secrets are yours to uncover. For the full Space Nuts experience and to keep your cosmic curiosity fueled, subscribe on your favorite podcast platform. And remember, your questions and fascination are the stars that guide our Space Nuts odyssey!
📋 Episode Chapters
(00:00) Andrew dunkley: Coming up on this episode of Space nuts is some science
(01:08) Professor Fred Watson says goannas can do a lot of damage
(02:32) Scientists have synthesised isotopes created by colliding neutron stars
(12:20) Professor Andrew Dunkley says neutron star collisions may have created some rare isotopes
(16:25) Fred says Australian astronomers have found the brightest quasar and possibly a black hole
(23:16) Quasars are extinct at this point in the age of the universe
(28:25) Andrew Dunkley: Thanks to Huw not in studio today when AWOL



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Embark on another cosmic journey with your favorite celestial explorers, Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson, in this insightful Q&A episode of Space Nuts. This time, the mysteries of the outer solar system take center stage as we delve into the elusive Planet Nine. Duncan from Weymouth, Dorset, ponders whether a rogue planet might have once danced through our neighborhood, stirring the orbits of distant objects before continuing on its cosmic path. Could this explain the peculiar movements without the need for a ninth planet?
Next, Rusty revisits his solar pergola concept, but with a twist. Imagine a constellation of satellites, each casting a penumbral shadow upon Earth, designed to reduce solar exposure by a subtle 2%. With advances in technology, could this be the geoengineering marvel we deploy within a decade to temper our planet's fever?
David from Seguin, Texas, presents us with a tantalizing "what if": If you could step foot on any exoplanet, which would it be? Andrew and Fred share their interstellar real estate preferences, revealing the allure of Earth-like worlds and the practical considerations of cosmic travel.
Lastly, we're tackling some homework from our inquisitive listeners. Wayne's curiosity about supernovas and gravitational waves leads to a discussion on cosmic symmetry, while Lee's question about InSight's ability to triangulate Marsquake epicenters unveils the intricate modeling of the Red Planet's inner structure.
So, fasten your seatbelts for a voyage through the wonders of space science, where questions spark discovery and the universe's secrets are just waiting to be unlocked. Don't forget, your questions might just be the next puzzle piece in our grand cosmic understanding, so keep them coming!
For more interstellar intrigue and to continue feeding your space curiosity, subscribe to Space Nuts on your preferred podcast platform. Until our next celestial navigation, remember to look up and let your imagination soar through the infinite expanse!
For more Space Nuts visit www.spacenuts.io  or our HQ at www.bitesz.com.

(00:00) Andrew Dunkley: This is the separated second half of Space Nuts q&a
(02:23) Our first question comes from a regular Duncan. Just wondering about planet nine episode
(03:47) Andrew says rogue planet could be caused by passing star or other interference
(08:10) The solar system is very difficult to understand without planet nine, says Mike Brown
(10:26) Rusty suggests solar pergola could help solve climate crisis
(17:03) Plus it increases our classification as a. Civilization in doing so
(17:29) What if y'all could step foot on any planet outside our solar system
(21:34) Whether or not a supernova can cause a gravitational wave was asked recently
(26:36) Professor Fred Watson and Huw in the studio for Space Nuts podcast

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Embark on a cosmic exploration with your favorite interstellar enthusiasts, Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson, in this latest episode of Space Nuts. Today's celestial journey takes us to Saturn's moon, Titan, where new research casts a shadow on the prospects of finding life in its sub-ice oceans. Despite the rich hydrocarbons on Titan's surface, the study by astrobiologist Catherine Neish suggests that the transfer of essential organic materials to the ocean below is far too slow to foster life as we know it. The implications of this finding could extend to other icy moons, potentially dampening hopes for habitability across our solar system.
Then, we pivot to Earthly matters as we join the United Nations' cosmic conversation. The UN has finally agreed to tackle the burgeoning issue of satellite constellations cluttering our orbit. With over 8,000 satellites circling our planet and plans for many more, astronomers are increasingly concerned about light pollution and radio interference. But can the UN's agenda lead to effective regulation, or will it be a case of too little, too late in the fast-paced space industry?
From the icy depths of Titan to the crowded skies of Earth, this episode of Space Nuts is a testament to the ever-evolving quest for knowledge and the challenges of preserving our cosmic frontiers. So, sit back, tune in, and let your imagination take flight as we unravel these astronomical enigmas.
For the full spectrum of space-time adventures and to keep your astronomical curiosity quenched, subscribe to Space Nuts on your preferred podcast platform. And don't forget to tune in to our Space Nuts Q&A episodes every Monday for more cosmic queries and celestial insights. Until next time, keep your eyes to the stars and your passion for discovery burning bright!
📋 Episode Chapters
(00:00) Professor Fred Watson joins us on this episode of Space Nuts
(02:02) New study suggests Titan's subsurface ocean could be right for potential life
(10:35) There have been speculations that Titan could have a different basis of life
(13:47) Andrew Dunkley says there will be methane and ethane rainbows on Titan
(15:32) United nations to meet later this year to discuss concentrations of satellites
(25:38) Space company SpaceX to deorbit 100 older starlink satellites to reduce satellite interference

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Prepare to have your curiosity catapulted to cosmic proportions in this enthralling Q&A edition of Space Nuts, where our intrepid hosts Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson delve into the gravitational enigmas and hypotheticals of the universe.
Firstly, Bo from Melbourne brings us a mind-bending question about the Big Bang and gravitational waves. Could the universe's colossal birth have sent ripples through the fabric of spacetime? Fred unpacks the complexities of detecting such ancient cosmic echoes and explores the tantalizing links to the cosmic microwave background radiation.
Next, Rennie from sunny West Hills, California, presents a tantalizing 'what if' scenario: What if the Sun never died? Would Earth eventually succumb to its own demise? Our dynamic duo contemplates the slow dance of celestial mechanics, the potential for human adaptability, and the intriguing future of a planet with a 42-day-long day.
Lastly, Daniel from Adelaide ponders a cosmic conundrum where time and dark energy might intertwine. As he questions the nature of the universe's accelerated expansion and the role of dark energy, Fred provides a nuanced response that sifts through the layers of cosmological understanding.
With each query, Andrew and Fred traverse the vastness of space, time, and possibility, offering insights that will leave you pondering long after the episode ends. So join us on this intergalactic expedition, and don't forget to submit your own questions to Space Nuts for a chance to be featured in future Q&A escapades!
For more space-time adventures and to satisfy your astronomical curiosity, subscribe to Space Nuts on your preferred podcast platform. Until we chart our next course through the cosmos, keep your eyes to the skies and your wonder boundless!
Episode Chapters:
(00:00) Welcome to Space Nuts Q&A with Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson
((01:08) Did the big Bang produce gravitational waves or echoes
(08:47) Would the earth eventually erode, decay and die on its own
(13:27) What if time and dark energy were actually the same thing
(14:35) Daniel Winfred: Is time and dark energy the same thing
(18:07) How to submit your questions and wrap-up

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Strap in for a fiery cosmic conundrum and a celestial mystery spanning centuries in this latest episode of Space Nuts! Host Andrew Dunkley and the ever-knowledgeable Professor Fred Watson ignite a discussion on the dangers of fire in space. With a look back at some of history's most harrowing space blazes, they delve into NASA's sapphire experiments, which test the flammability of spacecraft materials to enhance future mission safety. From the tragic Apollo 1 disaster to a perilous inferno aboard the Mir space station, learn how these pivotal events are shaping the protocols that keep astronauts safe among the stars.
Then, shift your gaze to a distant starlight drama as our Space Nuts duo investigates a puzzling stellar eclipse lasting 500 days. Could the dimming of a young, sun-like star be the aftermath of a colossal planetary collision? With the help of archival data from NASA's WISE mission, scientists have pieced together a story of cosmic destruction and creation. Discover how two exoplanets, each several times the mass of Earth, may have smashed together, leaving behind a glowing cloud of debris and the potential birth of new moons or even more planets.
This episode is a testament to the relentless pursuit of knowledge and the ingenious methods astronomers use to unravel the secrets of the universe, even from 1850 light-years away. So, prepare for a journey that explores both the immediate concerns within our spacecraft and the cataclysmic events of distant solar systems.
For a deeper dive into the universe's most burning questions and enigmatic events, subscribe to Space Nuts on your favorite podcast platform. And remember, the Q&A session now gets its spotlight in a dedicated episode every Monday, ensuring you get your full dose of cosmic curiosity. Until next time, keep your eyes to the cosmos and your mind open to the wonders it holds!
Episode Chapters
(00:00) Welcome to Space Nuts: Astronomy and Space Science
(02:22) Fires in space - A look at NASA's sapphire experiments
(12:45) The 500-day stellar eclipse and planetary collision aftermath
(24:10) The future of space safety and celestial observations
(29:55) Closing thoughts and the new Space Nuts Q&A episodes
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For more Space Nuts visit www.spacenuts.io or our HQ at www.bitesz.com

Prepare to embark on an interstellar Q&A adventure in this enlightening episode of Space Nuts, where your cosmic guides, Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson, tackle the perplexing questions from the far reaches of our listeners' imaginations. 
First, we join Ash from Brisbane as he ponders the enigmatic mechanics of spacecraft reentry. Using Apollo 13's nail-biting descent as a springboard, Fred demystifies the concept of 'bouncing off the atmosphere' and reveals the delicate balance between gravitational pull and atmospheric drag. 
Next, Darryl from South Australia challenges us with the icy extremes of absolute zero. Why does this ultimate chill exist, and is there a corresponding 'absolute hot'? Fred delves into the physics of temperature and the motion of atoms, shedding light on the limits of the thermal universe and the possibility of an 'absolute heavy' or 'absolute light'. 
Finally, Alex from London, by way of Indiana, brings us face-to-face with the enigma of dark energy. Is this mysterious force the antithesis of gravity itself? Our hosts explore the repulsive power that's pushing galaxies apart and the ongoing quest to unravel the secrets of the cosmos.
With each question, Andrew and Fred illuminate the wonders and oddities of the universe, blending humor with profound scientific insight. So, join the Space Nuts community, submit your own cosmic queries, and keep the spirit of discovery alive!
For more space-time odysseys and answers to your astronomical inquiries, subscribe to Space Nuts on your favorite podcast platform. Until we venture again into the vast unknown, keep your gaze to the stars and your curiosity alight!
Episode Chapters
(00:00) Welcome to Space Nuts: Astronomy and Space Science
(02:10) Ash from Brisbane questions the 'bouncing off the atmosphere' during spacecraft reentry
(10:45) Darryl from South Australia inquires about absolute zero and the limits of temperature
(17:30) Alex from London asks if dark energy could be considered antigravity
(25:15) Closing remarks and how to submit your questions to Space Nuts

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Embark on a celestial detective story in this latest episode of Space Nuts, as your guides through the galaxy, Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson, unravel the curious case of Venus's quasi-moon. The tale begins with an asteroid that's not quite what it seems, orbiting Venus in a way that defies expectations. The mystery deepens with the asteroid's peculiar name, which comes with its own humorous backstory involving a podcast, a bedroom wall poster, and a case of mistaken identity.
Then, shift gears and join the hunt for the universe's elusive sulfur. Why does this common element appear to be hiding in plain sight? The answer lies in the heart of the Milky Way, where a groundbreaking study using the Very Large Telescope has finally solved a long-standing astronomical puzzle. Discover how improved data quality has brought the cosmic abundance of sulfur into clear view, and why planetary nebulae, the final breaths of sun-like stars, are key to this revelation.
With Fred on the mend from a pesky tick bite, the dynamic duo delves into the intricacies of celestial mechanics, the naming conventions of space objects, and the importance of sulfur in both the cosmos and our everyday lives. Don't miss this episode of Space Nuts, where the wonders of the universe are made accessible, the seemingly mundane becomes fascinating, and every question leads to a deeper appreciation of the cosmos.
To continue your journey through the stars and uncover more secrets of the universe, subscribe to Space Nuts on your preferred podcast platform. Until we embark on our next stellar voyage, keep your eyes on the skies and your curiosity unbounded.
Episode Chapters
(00:00) Welcome to Space Nuts: Astronomy and Space Science
(01:45) The story of Venus's quasi-moon and its mistaken identity
(07:10) Andrew and Fred discuss the hunt for missing sulfur in the universe
(15:23) Planetary nebulae and the solving of the sulfur anomaly
(22:45) The broad applications of sulfur, from volcanoes to industry
(24:30) Wrapping up and a reminder about Space Nuts Q&A

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Prepare to dive into the cosmic unknown with this captivating episode of Space Nuts, where your hosts Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson tackle the enigmatic questions that baffle even the most seasoned space enthusiasts.
First up, Nate challenges us with a classic conundrum: If the universe is expanding, what is it expanding into? Fred sheds light on this perplexing query with a blend of cosmological insights and geometrical possibilities, leaving us to ponder the very fabric of reality and the potential of unseen dimensions.
Next, Lee from Sweden seeks to understand the inner workings of Mars through the eyes of the InSight mission. How can a single point of reference on the Red Planet reveal so much about its interior and the impact of distant meteorites? The answer lies in the ingenious science of seismic waves, which our hosts promise to explore further—homework for the curious minds!
Finally, Wayne, a longtime supporter, wonders about the gravitational waves generated by supernovae and whether LIGO can detect them. Fred navigates through the explosive symmetries of supernovae and the peculiarities of neutron star mountains, offering a glimpse into the cosmic ripples that traverse our universe.
Packed with humor, profound insights, and the occasional canine interruption, this episode of Space Nuts is not just a journey through space but a testament to the boundless curiosity that drives us all. So, sit back, subscribe, and let Andrew and Fred guide you through the stars. And don't forget, your questions are the fuel for our cosmic explorations—keep them coming!
For more interstellar adventures and the answers to your most intriguing space questions, subscribe to Space Nuts on your favorite podcast platform. Until our next galactic gathering, keep reaching for the stars!
📋 Episode Chapters
(00:00) This is Space Nuts. Coming up, we're talking about the expansion of space
(00:39) If space is expanding, what is it expanding into
(07:35) Lee Stevenson has sent us a question about Mars exploration
(08:21) Lee: How do you detect seismic signals on Mars from thousands of kilometres away
(12:36) What kind of gravitational wave is generated by a supernova
(19:17) Professor Fred Watson, astronomer at large, getting over his tick bite



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Prepare to thrust into a celestial debate that flips conventional wisdom on its head! In this thought-provoking episode of Space Nuts, join Andrew Dunkley and the ever-astute Professor Fred Watson as they unravel a cosmic chicken-or-egg scenario: Did supermassive black holes or galaxies come first? With the James Webb Space Telescope peering back in time, new findings suggest a revolutionary twist in our understanding of the early universe. Could black holes have been the catalysts for star formation, predating the galaxies they inhabit?
But the intrigue doesn't end at the edge of the cosmos. Closer to home, SpaceX's Starship is making waves, not just with its plans for Mars colonization, but also with its potential military applications. Discover how this behemoth of a rocket could redefine rapid global transport, delivering cargo—or perhaps one day troops—across the planet in a mere hour. With suborbital flights on the horizon, we're on the cusp of a new era in logistics and space travel.
As always, Andrew and Fred expertly guide us through these cosmic conundrums with insights that challenge our perceptions and expand our understanding of the universe. So, space enthusiasts, buckle up for another episode that promises to take you on a journey beyond the stars.
For the latest updates in space discovery and answers to the universe's most perplexing questions, subscribe to Space Nuts on your preferred podcast platform. Join us as we continue to explore the wonders of space and science. Until our next celestial sojourn, keep your gaze skyward and your curiosity boundless!
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📋 Episode Chapters
(00:00) Andrew Dunkley hosts Space nuts, the astronomy and space science podcast
(01:16) Fred says he thought it was a tick bite, but it wasn't
(03:14) New research suggests black holes came first in the early universe
(13:30) Andrew Dunkley: I was going to ask how you feel about this theory
(14:35) Space company SpaceX is working on something that has the military intrigued
(22:52) Spaceplane system could be used to take passengers from London to Sydney
(24:49) Fred Watson: China is heading in same direction as the US in space

Join us for an intergalactic conundrum that will stretch your mind to the far reaches of the universe! In this enlightening episode of Space Nuts, your hosts Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson are navigating the cosmic highways and byways, tackling some of the most perplexing questions out there.
First stop: the mysterious Lagrange points. Listener Jim from Texas is puzzled about how gravity is balanced at these points, especially L2 and L3. Fred serves up a celestial explanation that involves not just gravity but centrifugal force, too. It's a cosmic balancing act that keeps our space missions on course and our minds in awe.
Next, we're zooming into the heart of galaxies where supermassive black holes reign supreme. Kerry's burning question leads us to differentiate the gravitational effects of these cosmic giants from the elusive dark matter. How do astronomers measure their impact separately, and could we have misjudged their mass? Fred illuminates the dark corners of this astronomical puzzle.
And for the grand finale, we're pondering the ultimate 'what if': communication with a superior alien race. If we could ask them just one question, what would it be? From the practical to the profound, Andrew and Fred muse over what could be humanity's most significant query.
Whether you're a cosmic rookie or a seasoned stargazer, this episode is guaranteed to provide a gravity-defying leap into the unknown. So, strap in and prepare for a journey that's as educational as it is entertaining. And remember, keep those questions coming – they just might be the next big topic on Space Nuts!
For all this and more, subscribe to Space Nuts on your favorite podcast platform, and join us on this stellar adventure. Until next time, keep your eyes to the skies and your hearts full of wonder.

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Prepare for a cosmic exploration that takes us from the realm of science fiction to the frontiers of science reality! In this thrilling episode of Space Nuts, join Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson as they delve into the mysteries of our very own solar system Death Star. No, it's not about to obliterate a planet; it's Mimas, Saturn's moon, capturing the scientific spotlight with a revelation that's causing quite the stir. Discover why this celestial body, bearing a striking resemblance to the infamous Star Wars construct, is now making waves with a potential sub-surface ocean hiding beneath its cratered façade.
But that's not all that's brewing in the interstellar pot. We're also venturing to the red plains of Mars, confronting the possibility that bacteria might not just survive but thrive under the harsh Martian conditions. What does this mean for future human missions to the Red Planet? Could these microscopic stowaways pose a threat to astronauts, or might they hold the key to unlocking the secrets of life beyond Earth?
With a blend of intrigue and expertise, Andrew and Fred navigate through these cosmic questions, offering insights that will leave you pondering long after the episode ends. So buckle up, space enthusiasts, as we embark on another adventure that's sure to expand your universe.
For those hungry for more interstellar knowledge, be sure to subscribe to Space Nuts on your favorite podcast platform and join our growing community of astronomy aficionados. With new episodes filled with astronomical wonders and answers to your burning space queries, Space Nuts is your gateway to the cosmos. Until next time, keep gazing upward and let your curiosity lead the way!
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Show notes created by https://headliner.app
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📋 Episode Chapters
(00:00) This is space nuts. Coming up, we're looking at the Death Star
(03:05) It might be opportunist bacteria that follows the bite that could cause Alzheimer's
(04:39) Fred says moon Mimus actually librates around planet Earth
(12:16) Andrew Ker: Mimas and Enceladus are totally different moons
(18:56) NASA to try flutter test on its ingenuity helicopter on Mars
(19:52) Scientists have tested four human infectious bacteria to survive harsh Martian environments
(26:37) Fred Watson says bacteria could pose a risk to astronauts on Mars


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Strap in, Space Cadets, for another interstellar journey with the Space Nuts podcast! This week, Andrew Dunkley and Fred Watson tackle the cosmic curiosities that baffle even the brightest minds. From the perplexing simplicity overlooked by space agencies to the dizzying dance of celestial bodies, we're delving deep into the enigmas of the cosmos.
First up, we're debunking space myths with a true tale of the infamous space pen versus the humble pencil. Discover how practicality trumps simplicity when it comes to jotting down notes in zero gravity, and why sometimes, the most obvious solution isn't the best one for the job.
Next, we're spinning into the question that's got everyone's head turning: Why does everything in the universe love to twirl? Lynn from Victoria wants to know why stars, planets, and galaxies can't resist a good rotation. Fred unravels the mysteries of angular momentum and explains how the cosmic ballet is all part of the gravitational grand design.
And if we could converse with extraterrestrials, what would we ask? We're pondering the ultimate intergalactic icebreakers and saving this cosmic conundrum for our next episode.
So, whether you're a seasoned space traveler or a curious newcomer, join us for a voyage through the wonders of the universe. And remember, your questions fuel our adventures, so keep them coming!
For more interstellar insights, subscribe to Space Nuts on YouTube, become a patron for exclusive content, and explore the universe with us at spacenuts.io. Until next time, keep your eyes on the skies and your mind open to the infinite possibilities of space. Catch you on the next episode of Space Nuts!


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Prepare to embark on an astronomical chase like no other! In this riveting episode of Space Nuts, we delve into the ambitious plans to capture our solar system's elusive visitor, the exo-asteroid 'Oumuamua. Once thought to be an impossible feat, we explore the groundbreaking strategy that could see us rendezvousing with this interstellar interloper by 2057. The race is on to unlock the secrets it holds and to answer the burning question: is it a mere space rock or a piece of extraterrestrial technology?
But the intrigue doesn't stop there. We also turn our gaze to the cradles of cosmic birth, where planets emerge. Forget the traditional image of infant planets as perfect spheres; new research suggests these celestial newborns might be more M&M-shaped than we ever imagined. Join us as we dissect the latest theories on planet formation and ponder whether our very own Earth started life as an oblate spheroid.
With technical glitches providing an unexpected twist, Andrew and Fred navigate through these cosmic conundrums with their characteristic blend of expertise and humor. So, get ready to rethink your understanding of the cosmos, from chasing down interstellar objects to the peculiar shapes of nascent planets, all on this episode of Space Nuts.
Remember, the universe is vast and full of wonders waiting to be discovered. Don't miss a moment of the journey—tune in now to Space Nuts!
The resources mentioned in this episode are:
· Explore the detailed plan to chase 'Oumuamua at cosmosmagazine.com
· Dive into the latest theories on planet formation at phys.org (that's P-H-Y-S.org)
· Engage with the Space Nuts community and send in your cosmic queries or thoughts
Timestamped summary of this episode:
00:00:00 - Introduction: Andrew Dunckley sets the stage for today's cosmic topics.
00:02:15 - The Chase for 'Oumuamua: Discussing the potential mission to intercept the mysterious exo-asteroid.
00:11:30 - Planet Formation Theories: A new twist on how planets might take shape, suggesting they start as oblate spheroids rather than spheres.
00:20:45 - Listener Engagement: Encouraging the audience to share their thoughts and questions for future episodes.

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Are you ready to uncover the mind-bending secrets of our universe? Join us as we reveal the unexpected truth about the formation of habitable planets and the potential for multiple habitable worlds within a single solar system. You won't believe how many habitable planets could exist in the perfect cosmic sweet spot. And as we delve deeper into this cosmic mystery, prepare to be amazed by the surprising possibility of habitable moons orbiting gas giants. The answer lies in the unexplored realms of our vast universe, waiting to be unraveled. Stay tuned for an eye-opening journey through the cosmos that will challenge everything you thought you knew about planetary systems and cosmological potential. Get ready to expand your understanding of the universe in ways you never imagined. In this episode, you will be able to: · Explore the mysteries of fast blue transient explosions and their impact on our understanding of the universe. · Discover the fascinating Glass Z 12 high-redshift galaxy, offering insights into the early universe and cosmic evolution. · Grasp the uncertainties in astronomy research and how they drive innovation and breakthrough discoveries. · Uncover the complexity of the early universe and gain a deeper appreciation for its profound impact on cosmic evolution. The bottom line is Dave's right to question this, because we can't guarantee what the universe is going to do. We don't have any sort of control over that. All we can do is observe what it's doing now, and through the magic of the fact that we can look back in time, we get a good idea of what it's done in the past. - Fred Watson Glass Z 12 High-Redshift Galaxy Glass Z 12 is a high-redshift galaxy, noted for its advanced state of maturity shortly after the Big Bang. Its study, largely facilitated by the GrISM lens Amplified Survey from Space (GLASS) using the James Webb Space Telescope, sheds light on the early universe's formation and evolution. Despite the advanced observational technology, the nature of such galaxies holds persisting enigmas, stimulating ongoing research and debates in the astronomical community. The resources mentioned in this episode are: · Visit spacenutspodcast.com to send in your text or audio questions for the show. · Subscribe to the Space Nuts podcast on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, iHeartRadio, or your favorite podcast player. · Stream on demand at bytes.com to listen to the latest episodes of Space Nuts. · Check out the Space Nuts YouTube channel and subscribe for more space-related content. · Explore the Space Nuts website for more information and to send voice messages to the hosts. Timestamped summary of this episode:
00:00:00 - Introduction and Overview
Andrew Dunkley introduces the episode as an all-audience questions episode. He mentions the topics to be discussed, including fast blue transients, ghost galaxies, and the heaviest isotopes in planet formation.
00:02:23 - Fast Blue Transients and Galaxy Development
Derek asks about the cause of fast blue optical transient explosions, referencing the unusual shape of the explosion. Fred Watson discusses the mysterious nature of fast blue optical transients and the potential reasons behind their unique properties.
00:09:44 - Early Universe and Galaxy Evolution
Renny inquires about the development of mature galaxies like glass z 13 in the early aftermath of the Big Bang. Fred Watson explains the significance of glass z 12 as an early galaxy and addresses the possibility of wormholes and membrane theory in relation to galaxy evolution.
00:17:08 - Expansion of the Universe and Dark Energy
Dave from Calgary asks about the expansion of the universe and its acceleration. He questions whether the universe will ever slow down due to dark energy. Fred Watson discusses the concept of dark energy and explains why the universe's expansion is unlikely to slow down.
00:18:05 - Comparing Bullet Firing with Universe Expansion
Discusses the analogy between bullet firing and universe expansion, highlighting the differences due to space conditions. Emphasizes the uncertainty of the universe's future.
00:23:16 - Universe at Room Temperature
Explores the time when the universe was at room temperature, highlighting the challenges in observing this period due to cosmic microwave background radiation.
00:28:18 - Destruction of Black Holes
Examines the possibility of black hole destruction, explaining the slow evaporation process through Hawking radiation and the extreme conditions required for their destruction.
00:31:45 - Ghost Galaxies and Dark Matter
Considers the relationship between normal matter in ghost galaxies and the existence of dark matter, emphasizing the minor impact on our understanding of dark matter in the universe.
00:34:59 - Formation of Black Holes and Gravitons
Discusses the theoretical concept of gravitons and their inability to clump together to form black holes, highlighting the distinction between force carrier bosons and matter particles.
00:36:45 - Garrett's Question on Proto Earth Formation
Garrett asks about the differentiation phase of proto-Earth's formation and why heavier isotopes did not sink to the center. Fred discusses nuclear fission on Earth and how it impacts the planet's activity and warmth.
00:41:35 - Martin's Question on Habitability of Planets
Martin asks about the maximum number of habitable planets in a solar system and the possibility of habitable moons orbiting a gas giant. Fred discusses the potential for multiple habitable planets and moons within a star's habitable zone.
00:43:22 - Possibility of Multiple Habitable Planets
Andrew and Fred explore the physics behind the number of habitable planets in a solar system and the potential for multiple habitable objects sharing the same orbit. They also touch on the definition of habitability and life.
00:48:22 - Call for Questions and Social Media Engagement
Andrew encourages listeners to send in their questions for future episodes and highlights the importance of social media engagement. Fred expresses enthusiasm for diverse and unexpected questions.
00:49:34 - Conclusion and Farewell
Andrew thanks Fred and Hugh, the studio engineer, for their participation in the episode. He wraps up the show and invites listeners to tune in for the next episode of Space Nuts.

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Are you eager to uncover the secrets of space exploration and gain expert insights? Ready to grasp complex concepts and challenges in the realm of astronomy and astrophysics? I've got just the solution to enhance your understanding and satisfy your curiosity. Let's dive into the Space Nuts podcast and unravel the mysteries of the universe together! In this episode, you will be able to: · Explore the Dark Matter Halo of Our Galaxy: Unravel the mystery surrounding dark matter and its impact on our galaxy. · Uncover the Mysterious Presence of Methane on Mars: Discover the intriguing presence of methane on the Red Planet and its implications for potential life. · Delve into Speculative Ideas on Cooling the Earth: Gain insights into innovative concepts for mitigating the Earth's rising temperatures. · Discover the Challenges of Moving Planets: Understand the complexities and obstacles involved in the theoretical idea of planetary relocation. Life becomes routine, is what. Yes, that's what it is. Yeah, I get that. I quite like routine, actually, unlike my other half, who doesn't, which is why she's constantly conjuring up these tours that we do to take people around to places where we've never been. - Professor Fred Watson
Finally, the hosts examine speculative ideas from listeners relating to ambitious, large-scale engineering projects, such as the Solar Pergola and moving planets. Reminding us that while such concepts may dazzle the imagination, the practical feasibility and risks associated with these ideas are significant. The focus on prudence and consideration of potential unintended consequences underscores the responsibility that comes with technological advancements, especially when meddling with natural systems of the cosmos. It's The resources mentioned in this episode are: · Visit spacenutspodcast.com or spacenuts.io to submit your questions for the next all-question episode. · Check out the Space Nuts shop on the website for Space Nuts merchandise, including t-shirts. · Become a patron of Space Nuts to support the podcast and gain access to exclusive benefits. · Listen to the Space Nuts podcast on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, iHeartRadio, or your favorite podcast player. · Stream Space Nuts on demand at bitesz.com. Timestamped summary of this episode:
00:00:00 - Introduction and Ingenuity's End
Andrew Dunkley introduces the topics for this episode, including the end of the mission for the ingenuity helicopter on Mars after suffering damage from a landing mishap.
00:03:42 - Slim Moon Lander's Upside-Down Landing
The discussion moves to the slim moon lander's successful but tilted landing on the moon, leading to challenges with solar panel orientation. Despite the setback, some scientific experiments are being carried out.
00:13:13 - Arno Penzias' Legacy
The passing of physicist Arno Penzias is noted, highlighting his groundbreaking discovery of cosmic microwave background radiation, which confirmed the Big Bang theory and contributed to the decline of the steady state theory of the universe.
00:16:20 - Quirks of Dark Matter in the Milky Way
The conversation shifts to an exploration of the unique behavior of dark matter in the Milky Way, particularly in its extremities, suggesting that our galaxy's dark matter may exhibit distinct characteristics compared to other galaxies.
00:16:31 - Closing Remarks
Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson wrap up the episode, thanking listeners for tuning in and hinting at the intriguing nature of the dark matter discussion as a teaser for future episodes.
00:17:09 - Understanding the Galaxy's Geometry
Fred and Andrew discuss the challenges of mapping our galaxy's geometry, including the difficulty of establishing details about our own galaxy due to our position within it.

00:19:10 - The Mystery of Galaxy Rotation

The conversation explores the discovery of the unusual flat rotation curve of galaxies, leading to the theory of galaxies being embedded in a dark matter halo. This discovery challenges previous expectations about the distribution of dark matter.
00:23:38 - Mars: Methane Burps
They delve into the detection of methane on Mars and the potential causes, including the possibility of seasonal changes in Mars's atmosphere bringing the methane to the surface. This discovery raises questions about the origin of methane on Mars.
00:29:34 - Listener Question: Meteor Showers
Ray from California raises an interesting question about the composition and behavior of meteors during showers, pondering whether the process involves vaporization, oxidization, or both. Fred and Andrew discuss the potential explanations for the observed phenomena.
00:33:27 - Peer Review Process
The conversation touches on the lengthy process of peer reviewing research in astronomy, highlighting the time and effort required to ensure the accuracy and validity of published findings. Fred shares insights into the challenges and rewards of peer reviewing scientific work.
00:34:17 - Red Pens and Solar Pergolas
The hosts discuss using red pens and the idea of a solar pergola to cool the planet.
00:35:35 - Engineering Challenges
The hosts analyze the engineering challenges of building a solar pergola and its potential impact on the planet's temperature.

00:39:40 - Megastructure and Civilization
The hosts delve into the concept of building a megastructure and its potential impact on reclassifying civilization.
00:40:54 - Hyper Mega Engineering and Terraforming
The hosts discuss the feasibility of moving planets and terraforming, exploring the complexities and potential limitations of such endeavors.
00:45:48 - Listener Engagement and Patreon
The hosts encourage listener engagement, mention the Patreon supporters, and invite questions for the next episode.

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If you're feeling frustrated because you've been reading multiple scientific articles, but still feel confused about space exploration, then you are not alone! If you're feeling overwhelmed because you've been watching documentaries about the universe, but still struggle to understand the latest scientific discoveries, then you are not alone! If you're feeling discouraged because you've been attending lectures on space exploration, but still find it difficult to grasp the concepts, then you are not alone! If you're feeling disheartened because you've been following space-related news, but still lack the in-depth knowledge you desire, then you are not alone! In this episode, you will be able to: · Explore the Universe's Rotation and Exploration: Uncover the mysteries of the universe's rotation and delve into the latest space exploration discoveries. · Unravel the Temperature of Space and James Webb Telescope: Understand the extreme temperatures of space and the groundbreaking capabilities of the James Webb telescope. · Discover Curiosities About Galaxies and the Expanding Universe: Delve into the fascinating world of galaxies and gain insights into the expanding universe, sparking your curiosity about the cosmos. · Engage with Listener Questions and Interactions: Engage with our community as we answer intriguing listener questions and foster a deeper understanding of space exploration. The background temperature of space is indeed 2.7 degrees Kelvin. And what that is, is the radiation from the big Bang. - Fred Watson Unleash Your Curiosity about Galaxies and the Expanding Universe The boundless nature of the universe and the enigma of what lies beyond our vision sparks the hosts' curiosity. They express a compelling interest in observing the expanding universe's limits and finding what lies beyond the visible cosmos. Furnishing the listeners with a mental image of the unknown, the episode fosters a deeper appreciation for space exploration and the mysteries it holds. The resources mentioned in this episode are: · Visit the Space Nuts podcast website to listen to more episodes and submit your own questions or comments. · Check out the James Webb Space Telescope's latest updates and discoveries on the NASA website. · Explore the concept of the equation of state and its implications in cosmology through reputable scientific sources and publications. · Learn more about the temperature of space and the cosmic microwave background radiation from reliable scientific sources and educational materials. · Stay updated on the latest space news and discoveries by subscribing to the Space Nuts podcast on your preferred podcast platform. · The key moments in this episode are:
00:00:00 - Introduction and Oldest Black Hole Discovery
00:02:52 - James Webb Space Telescope's Discovery
00:11:32 - Asteroid Impact on Earth
00:16:33 - Astronomer Christian Sarnesky's Discoveries
00:12:23 - Summary and Conclusion
00:17:02 - Meteorite Recovery and Asteroid Monitoring
00:19:42 - Mars Copter's Communication Issues
00:23:48 - Ingenuity's Success and Challenges
00:25:41 - Equation of State and Cosmological Constant
00:30:25 - Does the Universe Rotate?
00:35:04 - Rotation of the Universe
00:36:27 - Hypothetical Telescope
00:41:41 - Temperature of Space
00:45:19 - Listener Feedback

Explore the Universe's Rotation and Exploration This podcast episode embarks on a fascinating discussion about the rotation of the universe. While it remains a challenging concept without a frame of reference, the possibility is raised that if multiple universes exist, our own could indeed be rotating. Furthermore, the hosts express a shared desire to glimpse our galaxy from an exterior perspective, underscoring the immense potential for exploration that space provides. Delve into the Temperature of Space and the James Webb Telescope Listeners are enlightened on the intriguing aspect of space temperature, which despite standing at a constant 2.7 Kelvin, can vary due to radiant heat from nearby celestial bodies. The James Webb telescope serves as the perfect example, experiencing temperature differences owing to solar radiation. Conclusively, despite the sun's influence on objects in space, the surrounding vacuum maintains a stable temperature. · https://www.facebook.com/spacenutspodcast · https://www.youtube.com/@spacenutspodcast · https://www.youtube.com/@spacenutspodcast · www.spacenuts.io · https://www.linkedin.com/in/biteszHQ · https://www.twitter.com/spacenutspod
#spacenuts #astronomy #space #news #mars #blackholes

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If you're feeling frustrated by the lack of understanding dark energy, despite hours spent researching and reading about it, then you are not alone! Despite your efforts to grasp the concept, you may feel like you're still no closer to unraveling the mysteries of the universe. The confusion and uncertainty may be leaving you feeling disheartened and discouraged about ever truly understanding dark energy. But rest assured, many others share your struggle and are also seeking clarity on this complex topic.
In this episode, you will be able to:
· Understand the origins of water in the solar system and its significance for life beyond Earth.
· Explore the fascinating process of the formation of the solar system and how it shaped our cosmic neighborhood.
· Discover the potential for terraforming Venus, unlocking the possibility of transforming inhospitable planets into habitable ones.
· Uncover the abundance of water in the solar system and its implications for future space exploration and colonization.
· Learn about the slingshot effect in space missions and how it enables spacecraft to travel vast distances with limited fuel.

'Two out of the three atoms in a water molecule are hydrogen. So two thirds of your 75%, which is 50% of the atoms in your body, come from the Big Bang. Why? You feel old these days? 13.8 billion year old hydrogen.' - Andrew Dunkley

Terraforming Venus Possibilities: Terraforming Venus is a topic of fascinating discussion. The suggestion of transforming its carbon dioxide-heavy atmosphere using photosynthetic algae could potentially cool it down over extended periods. However, the surface atmospheric pressure on Venus is significantly higher than Earth's, making such an endeavor incredibly complex and presently unfeasible.
The key moments in this episode are:
00:00:00 - Introduction to Dark Energy Survey
00:08:15 - Peregrine Lander Mission
00:13:48 - Dark Energy Survey Results
00:16:18 - Quintessence and Thunderplump
00:17:38 - Exploring the Cosmic Megastructure
00:19:56 - Universe Homogeneity and Big Ring Discovery
00:23:16 - Speculation on Megastructure Origins
00:24:53 - Unraveling the Mystery of Cosmic Structures
00:29:32 - Addressing Audience Feedback
00:34:17 - Formation of the Solar System and Origin of Water
00:37:27 - Slingshot Effect and Spacecraft Momentum
00:40:43 - Terraforming Venus and Atmospheric Cleanup
00:45:04 - Are Humans Stars? Stardust Origins

The resources mentioned in this episode are:
· Visit spacenutspodcast.com or spacenuts.io to send in your text or audio questions.
· Listen to Space Nuts on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, iHeartRadio, or your favorite podcast player.
· Stream on demand at bitesz.com or spacenuts.io.
· Check out the documentary The Stars by the BBC.
· Send feedback or questions through the Space Nuts website.

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Timestamped summary of this episode:
00:00:00 - Introduction and Peregrine Moon Lander
Andrew Dunkley introduces the episode and discusses the recent launch of the Peregrine moon lander, which has encountered a mission failure problem.
00:03:48 - Issues with Peregrine Moon Lander
Fred Watson discusses the issues faced by the Peregrine moon lander, including the inability to charge its batteries and critical propellant loss, leading to doubts about its planned lunar landing.
00:11:00 - Search for Copernicus's Remains
Fred Watson dives into the fascinating search for the remains of Nicholas Copernicus, the renowned astronomer and mathematician, highlighting the historical significance and efforts to identify his burial site.
00:14:16 - Discovery of Copernicus's Skeleton
Fred Watson details the discovery of a skeleton near the altar of the Holy Cross in Frombork Cathedral, believed to potentially belong to Copernicus, and the subsequent genetic analysis to confirm its identity.
00:15:41 - DNA Analysis and Book Reference
The discussion continues with the challenges of conducting DNA analysis for confirming Copernicus's remains, as well as the unexpected discovery of a book used by Copernicus, adding further depth to the search for his identity.
00:16:36 - Unveiling Copernicus' Skeleton
Researchers in Sweden used genetic material from hairs found in a book to match them with Copernicus' teeth and bones, providing strong evidence of his identity.
00:18:47 - The Vasa Ship and its Tragic Fate
A brief discussion about the Vasa, a 17th century sailing ship that sank on its maiden voyage in Stockholm due to a lopsided weight distribution and other theories.
00:20:37 - The Identification of Nicholas Copernicus
After confirming the identity of Copernicus' skeleton, it is likely that the bones have been reburied, marking a significant breakthrough in science history.
00:21:31 - Mystery of Titan's Ghost Islands
Cassini's radar imaging of Titan revealed temporary bright patches in the seas, sparking theories about their composition and behavior, shedding light on the mysteries of this alien world.
00:29:33 - Quantum Entanglement and Additional Dimensions
Rusty's question about quantum entanglement prompts a discussion on the potential existence of additional dimensions and ongoing research into fundamental physics, including the search for dark matter and dark energy.
00:34:20 - Quantum Confusion
Discussion on the complexity of quantum-related topics and the potential for confusion in understanding them.
00:35:16 - Planetary Formation
Explanation of how the location of the frost line in the solar system led to the differentiation between rocky and gas giant planets.
00:38:08 - Ice Planets and Dwarf Planets
Exploration of the composition of dwarf planets and how the distance from the sun impacted their formation and characteristics.
00:40:58 - Solar System Variations
Consideration of the variability of planetary formations in other solar systems compared to the unique characteristics of our own solar system.
00:42:28 - Uncharted Territories
Contemplation of the possibility of undiscovered elements in the outer reaches of the solar system and the ongoing search for new celestial bodies.

Join us as we delve into the recent mission failure of the Peregrine moon lander and the search for the lost grave of Copernicus. But just when it seemed like we might unravel the mysteries of the universe, a shocking turn of events leaves us hanging in the balance. Are we on the brink of a groundbreaking discovery, or will the secrets of space remain elusive?

In this episode, you will be able to:
· Explore the intriguing challenges of space missions.
· Uncover the details behind the Peregrine moon lander mission failure.
· Join the search for the lost grave of Copernicus.
· Delve into the mysteries of the islands on Titan.
· Discover the fascinating connection between quantum entanglement and inner planet composition.

‘We're getting there bit by bit. So what we're piecing together about our solar system is a pretty big encyclopedia's worth now.’ - Andrew Dunkley

Uncovering the ongoing search for Copernicus' grave
The historical figure of Nicholas Copernicus, renowned for his influential heliocentric model, remains shrouded in mystery due to the persistent enigma of his burial site. This unmarked grave exemplifies the complexities faced in historical astronomical study, considering even the famed Napoleon expressed interest in its discovery. The revelation of Copernicus' final resting place will not only pay homage to his contributions but also aid a deeper understanding of his era.

The resources mentioned in this episode are:
· Visit the Space Nuts website to send in your questions. Click on the Send us your questions link on the right-hand side or click the AMA tab to upload a text or audio question.
· Sign up to be a patron if you are interested in supporting Space Nuts. All the details are available on the website.
· Check out the Space Nuts shop for some great products and books, including those by Professor Fred Watson.
· Listen to the Space Nuts podcast on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, iHeartRadio, or your favorite podcast player. You can also stream on demand at www.bitesz.com
· Explore the Space Nuts website for more information and to see what's available in the shop.

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In a serendipitous moment, Andrew Dunkley's passion for astronomy was sparked by a chance encounter with a telescope at a friend's house. Little did he know that a simple gaze through the lens would ignite a lifelong curiosity for the mysteries of the universe. As he delved into books, documentaries, and conversations with fellow enthusiasts, his thirst for cosmic knowledge only grew stronger. What cosmic wonders await those who seek to understand the stars and galaxies?

In this episode, you will be able to:
· Explore the fascinating world of galaxies' rotation curves and their intriguing variations. · Discover the hidden secrets of spiral arms visibility through the lens of infrared observations. · Understand how gravity bends space and its profound implications on the universe.
· Uncover the crucial distinctions between dark matter and dark energy, unraveling cosmic mysteries.

"You can do anything in science fiction.' - Andrew Dunkley

Bending of Space due to Gravity
Gravitational influence on the bending of space is a central concept in Einstein's theory of relativity. It proposes that the force of gravity resulting from an object's mass distorts space around it. This remarkable insight about the interplay between gravity and spacetime allows us to understand extraordinary phenomena, such as the distortion of star positions during an eclipse. This theory immensely enriches our understanding of the universe and shapes our perception of space and time.

The resources mentioned in this episode are:
· Visit spacenutspodcast.com to send in your own audio or text questions for the show.
· Check out the AMA link on the website to submit your questions for the next episode. ·
Click on the tab on the right-hand side of the homepage to send in your audio questions. · Listen to the Space Nuts podcast on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Spotify, iHeartRadio, or your favorite podcast player. ·
Stream on demand at bitesz.com to catch up on previous episodes. ·

The key moments in this episode are:
00:00:00 - Thank you and break announcement
00:02:22 - Q&A Episode Introduction
00:08:01 - Understanding Gravity
00:11:14 - Theoretical Walk on a Neutron Star
00:16:46 - Clarification on Biochemical Processes
00:17:25 - RNA as the precursor to DNA and proteins
00:18:57 - Dark energy and dark matter web
00:22:17 - Universe's expansion and the role of dark energy
00:25:03 - White holes and dark matter
00:29:13 - Period of inflation and the speed of light
00:34:21 - The World Wide Web nickname
00:36:14 - Speed of light and space travel
00:37:22 - Counting stars in the Milky Way
00:43:16 - Planetary diversity and moon composition
00:47:22 - Tipler cylinder and time travel
00:51:37 - The spacecraft design and terraforming challenges
00:52:29 - Science fiction and John Birmingham's latest series
00:53:38 - The Super Dunk series and a request to the author
00:54:27 - Audience engagement and question submissions
00:55:23 - Conclusion and farewell

Variation of Rotation Curves
The variation of rotation curves is an intriguing aspect of galaxies that fascinates astronomers. It refers to the speed at which stars and other celestial objects move around the center of a galaxy, and how this speed impacts the overall shape and structure of the galaxy. This element of astrophysics provides critical insights into how galaxies evolve over time, contributing significantly to our understanding of the universe's dynamics.

Infrared Observations and Spiral Arms
Infrared observations are pivotal to astronomy, allowing us to perceive celestial bodies and phenomena that remain concealed in other wavelengths. One interesting feature that can be detected in this way is the dust in spiral arms of galaxies. Observing these spirals in the infrared offers us enriching perspectives on the galaxy formation and evolution, as well as the intriguing role of shockwaves and dust in these processes.

Bending of Space due to Gravity
Gravitational influence on the bending of space is a central concept in Einstein's theory of relativity. It proposes that the force of gravity resulting from an object's mass distorts space around it. This remarkable insight about the interplay between gravity and spacetime allows us to understand extraordinary phenomena, such as the distortion of star positions during an eclipse. This theory immensely enriches our understanding of the universe and shapes our perception of space and time.

#AskanAstronomer

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While Fred and Andrew head off on an end of year break....we dip back into our recent past and bring you one of our 'all-questions' episodes for a repeat run, just in case you missed it the first time or simply need a refresh.

Are you ready to have your understanding of the universe redefined? Picture this: a renowned expert advisor on dark and quiet skies, engaged in international cooperation at the United Nations, suddenly encounters a groundbreaking discovery that could revolutionize our perception of space and time. This unexpected twist in the story opens up a whole new world of possibilities, hinting at a connection between black holes and dark energy that could change everything we thought we knew about the cosmos. Stay tuned to find out more about this mind-boggling revelation.

In this episode, you will be able to:
· Explore the mysteries of black holes and dark energy to unlock the secrets of the universe. · Understand the mind-bending concept of the universe's expansion and its implications for the future of space exploration.
· Delve into the dangers posed by rubble pile asteroids and the potential impact on life on Earth.
· Discover the fascinating process of magnetic fields escaping from black holes and its significance in our understanding of the cosmos.
· Uncover the potential of artificial gravity and nuclear fusion, offering a glimpse into the future of space travel and habitation.

'Gravity and acceleration are equivalent. We can generate an acceleration by having a rotating wheel, exactly as in 2001, a space odyssey.' - Fred Watson

The resources mentioned in this episode are:
· Visit the Space Nuts website to submit your own voice question or text question for the podcast.
· Check out the Space Nuts shop on their website for space-themed merchandise and support the podcast.
· Become a patron of Space Nuts to support the show and gain access to exclusive benefits. · Listen to the Space Nuts podcast on various platforms including Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Spotify, and iHeartRadio.
· Stream Space Nuts on demand at bitesz.com.

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Do you want to gain a deeper insight into the orbit and history of Halley's Comet? We are sharing valuable updates and information to help you achieve a more comprehensive understanding of the comet's trajectory and background. Through the updates, you will be able to enhance your knowledge of Halley's Comet's path and historical significance, leading to a more informed appreciation of this celestial phenomenon. Join us as we delve into the latest discoveries and insights about Halley's Comet.
In this episode, you will be able to: ·
Explore the fascinating orbit of Halley's Comet and its intriguing history. ·
Stay updated on the latest discoveries and developments related to Halley's Comet. · Discover the recent breakthrough in understanding the giant coma stream of Halley's Comet. · Delve into the complex relationship between density and temperature in space phenomena. · Uncover the captivating details of the impending collision between Andromeda and the Milky Way.

'May you live in interesting times. Well, yeah. Okay. Major operation, moving house. Lots of job changes. Finished up at the Salvation army the other day. Yeah, it's all happening. Hopefully next year will be much smoother.' - Andrew Dunkley

Density and Temperature of Celestial Bodies: Understanding the extremes of density and temperature in the universe gives us incredible insights. A black hole epitomizes infinite density, while absolute zero, a temperature of -273.15 degrees Celsius, represents the cessation of atomic motion. The temperature scales we use, such as Celsius and Kelvin, are critical in discussing these concepts as they relate directly to the properties of matter.

The resources mentioned in this episode are: ·
Listen to the Space Nuts podcast on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Spotify, iHeartRadio, or your favorite podcast player. ·
Stream on demand at bitesz.com for more Space Nuts episodes. ·
Become a patron to support the Space Nuts podcast and gain access to exclusive content. Details on our website. ·
Check out Cafe Celsius in Oslo, Norway for a delightful dining experience. ·
Stay tuned for the next episode of Space Nuts in the new year for more fascinating space discussions.

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Join us as we uncover the potential for a breathtaking new meteor shower, diving into the irony of lost fruit in space and exploring the tantalizing possibility of the speed of life after the Big Bang.

In this episode, you will be able to:
· Explore the potential new meteor shower and its implications for stargazers and astronomy enthusiasts.
· Delve into the fascinating topic of lost fruit in space and its unexpected journey beyond our planet.
· Uncover the mysteries of life after the Big Bang and how it shaped the universe as we know it.
· Discover the Doppler effect, redshift, and slingshot effect, and how they have revolutionized our understanding of celestial bodies.

'We're blessed with good fortune for this particular meteor display, as we are with the Geminids, because the moon is new effectively at the moment, so there's no moonlight'. - Andrew Dunkley

Lost Fruit in Space
The cosmic mystery deepens, as astronomers shed light on the curious topic of lost fruit in space. Tying in with a light-hearted reference to a popular television series, researchers examine how space travel affects the development of fruit flies sent to the International Space Station. This strange case brings us closer to understanding life's adaptation to zero-gravity environments.

The resources mentioned in this episode are:
· Visit the Dark Sky Traveler website at darkskytraveler.com.au to book a tour to witness the total solar eclipse in Texas and Cape Canaveral in April 2028.
· Check out the Dark Sky Traveler website for information on a trip to Canada, which can be combined with the Texas and Cape Canaveral tour for a complete eclipse experience.
· Stay updated on the latest episodes of Space Nuts by subscribing on Apple Podcasts, YouTube Music, Spotify, iHeartRadio, or your favorite podcast player.
· Stream on demand at www.spacenuts.io, www.bitesz.com to catch up on previous episodes of Space Nuts and stay up to date with the latest astronomy and space science news. · Add your name to the Europa Clipper mission through the NASA website to become part of this exciting space exploration endeavor.
· Submit your questions for the Space Nuts podcast by visiting the official website and using the provided form. Your questions could be featured in an upcoming episode.
· Join the Space Nuts podcast group on Facebook to connect with other space enthusiasts and stay informed about the latest news, discussions, and events related to astronomy and space science.
#MeteorShower #AstronomyEnthusiasts #NewAstronomicalPhenomena #SpaceDiscoveries . #Stargazing #MeteorShowerEnthusiasts #CosmicPhenomena #AstronomyNews #CelestialEvents #SpaceNutsPodcast

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In this episode of Space Nuts, Andrew and Fred discuss the naming of Australia's moon rover, a gamma ray burst that affected Earth's atmosphere, and the discovery of a reappearing, disappearing galaxy. They also answer a listener's question about the Kardashev scale and the possibility of constructing a Dyson sphere. In this episode, Fred and Andrew discuss various topics related to astrophysics and space exploration. They speculate on the existence of advanced civilizations and megastructures, highlighting the vast technological advancements required for such feats. They also delve into the concept of tidal locking, explaining how planets and moons become tidally locked and the role of friction in this process. Lastly, they explore the challenges of measuring the speed of objects in space and the absence of an absolute frame of reference. Takeaways Australia's moon rover has been named 'Roover' through a public vote, highlighting the lack of imagination in the country. A gamma ray burst from a galaxy 2 billion light years away affected Earth's atmosphere, demonstrating the vulnerability of our planet. The discovery of a reappearing, disappearing galaxy suggests the existence of dusty galaxies that are not visible in optical wavelengths. The Kardashev scale is a measure of a civilization's energy usage, and the construction of a Dyson sphere is a hypothetical megastructure that can harness the energy of a star. The existence of advanced civilizations and megastructures is purely speculative and not supported by current astrophysical evidence. Tidal locking occurs when a planet or moon's rotation matches its orbital period, resulting in one side always facing the other. This process is influenced by gravitational forces and friction. Measuring the speed of objects in space is complex due to the absence of an absolute frame of reference. Speed is often calculated relative to other objects or reference points. The speed of light, approximately 300,000 kilometers per second, is a fundamental constant in physics and has been measured and predicted accurately.

Chapters
00:00 Introduction and Naming of Australia's Moon Rover
06:05 Gamma Ray Burst and Mysterious Disappearing, Reappearing Galaxy
25:14 Discussion on AzTEC 71 and Dusty Galaxies
36:07 Question on Kardashev Scale and Dyson Spheres
39:42 Speculating on Advanced Civilizations
43:30 Tidal Locking of Planets and Moons
50:00 Measuring the Speed of Objects

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In this episode as we (attempt) to answer your burning questions, you will be able to:
· Explore the mind-bending mysteries of black holes and event horizons.
· Discover fascinating specializations within the fields of physics and astronomy.
· Uncover the constant evolution and breakthroughs in the astronomy field.
· Delve into the intriguing world of privatization of satellite launches.

"How do you tell the difference between something that is very, very dense but not infinite, and something that is infinite?" - Fred Watson
Exploring Specializations in Physics and Astronomy
We delve into various specializations in physics and astronomy like solar physics, space physics, and astro seismology. These fields are ever-evolving, and researchers often move between specializations. The discussion underscores the diverse and dynamic nature of these sciences, emphasizing that broad-based knowledge and collaboration are indispensable for progress.

The resources mentioned in this episode are:
· Visit our website to listen to more episodes of Space Nuts. https://spacenuts.io
· Check out our social media pages for updates and behind-the-scenes content.
· Subscribe to our podcast on your preferred podcast platform to never miss an episode. · Join our mailing list to receive exclusive content and updates.
· Explore our merchandise store to get your own Space Nuts shirt and show your support. · Submit your own questions for a chance to have them answered on a future episode.
· Follow Professor Fred Watson on social media for more astronomy insights.
· Learn more about black holes and their properties by reading scientific publications and books on the topic.
· Consider studying astronomy or physics to specialize in a specific field of research. · Support organizations and initiatives that promote scientific research and education, such as the Australian Academy of Science or the International Astronomical Union.

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This episode of Space Nuts is brought to you by Dragonball Legends. Download it on your mobile device from the Apple App Store or Google Play and help support Space Nuts.

Space enthusiasts and science lovers, Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson dive into the ironic and thrilling quest to find a lost tool bag from the International Space Station, using humor and binoculars to spot its bright apparition in the night sky and uncover the mysteries of space. · Discover the fascinating world of space exploration in the latest episode of the Space Nuts podcast. · Experience the exhilaration of zero gravity as you take a virtual roller coaster ride through space. · Join the hunt for a lost tool bag from the International Space Station and learn about the challenges of retrieving lost items in space. · Dive into the mind-boggling mysteries of black holes and unravel the secrets behind the formation of planets. · We talk about SpaceX’s latest rocket test and how it really was a success. · Uncover the origin of water on Earth and how it shaped the development of life on our planet. The key moments in this episode are:
00:00:00 - Introduction
00:00:20 - Spinning Sagittarius A*
00:00:27 - Planets and Pebbles
00:00:34 - Lost Space Rocket and Tool Bag
00:00:45 - Audience Questions
00:15:37 - The Earth's Rotation and Black Holes
00:18:13 - Black Hole's Mass and Rotation Speed
00:22:35 - Water Formation in Planets
00:25:47 - Icy Pebble Drift Theory
00:33:32 - Possibility of a habitable moon orbiting a super Earth
00:39:08 - Energy emissions from quasars
00:41:17 - Dark matter stars
00:41:57 - Favorite space conspiracy theories
00:50:47 - How to Send Questions
00:51:09 - Support and Becoming a Patron
00:51:16 - Wrapping up the Show
00:51:53 - Conclusion and Goodbye

Decipher the enigma of the lost tool bag Take part in the intriguing discussion about the lost tool bag from the International Space Station. The conversation explores the probable fate of the bag and its potential visibility from earth, sparking your curiosity. Find yourself enthralled by the veil of mystery surrounding this seemingly mundane item, as it orbits our planet. · https://www.facebook.com/spacenutspodcast · www.spacenuts.io · https://www.twitter.com/spacenutspod · https://www.linkedin.com/in/biteszHQ · https://www.youtube.com/@spacenutspodcast In this episode, you will be able to: · Discover the thrilling experience of zero gravity on a roller coaster, transporting you to the weightless realm of outer space. · Explore the fascinating tale of a lost tool bag from the International Space Station and the ingenious efforts to retrieve it, showcasing the resourcefulness of astronauts. · Unveil the mysteries behind black holes and their role in the formation of planets, shedding light on the incredible cosmic forces shaping our universe. · Dive into the captivating story of the origin of water on Earth, unraveling the secrets of our planet's life-sustaining liquid and its connection to the vastness of space. Space junk is a big problem...cost[ing] a million dollars a shot...SpaceX's technique for improving things...You build it and try it out. If it doesn't work, you think again and build it again. And when you've got a lot of money, that's what you can do. - Andrew Dunkley

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In this episode,hosts Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson delve into the cataclysmic demise of the dinosaurs, exploring various extinction theories with a fervent quest for truth, unraveling the enigmatic ancient puzzle while seeking to unearth the ultimate cause. In this episode, you will be able to:
·
Explore the fascinating theories behind the extinction of dinosaurs and gain a deeper understanding of this monumental event in Earth's history.
·
Discover the impact that star growth has on planets orbiting around them, unraveling the intriguing dynamics of celestial bodies.
·
Delve into the mysteries of the Andromeda galaxy, known for its massive black holes, and uncover the secrets hidden within its immense expanse.
·
Learn how gravity and Hawking radiation intertwine, shedding light on the intricate relationship between these fundamental forces of the universe.
·
Immerse yourself in the captivating discussions from the Space Nuts podcast, where space enthusiasts and science lovers engage in thought-provoking conversations about our vast cosmos.
·
Gain a deeper understanding of the theories surrounding the extinction of dinosaurs and uncover the mysteries behind their disappearance.
·
Explore the fascinating impact of star growth on orbiting planets, and how it influences the conditions necessary for life to exist.
·
Discover the captivating secrets of the Andromeda galaxy and its enigmatic black holes, expanding your knowledge of the vastness of the universe.
·
Unravel the intricate interplay between gravity and Hawking radiation, and its implications for our understanding of the fundamental laws of physics.
·
Delve into the Space Nuts podcast discussions and indulge your curiosity in a wide array of captivating space-related topics, offering a unique opportunity to expand your knowledge and engage with fellow space enthusiasts. It's extraordinary that 40 years after it was suggested, we're still finding out about this impact and seeing different aspects to it because of the devastation that it caused. - Andrew Dunkley
The extinction of dinosaurs has been a topic of intrigue for centuries. Various theories propose the cause to be major environmental changes, catastrophic asteroid impact, or major shifts in vegetation, leading to dental maladies among the dinosaurs. The most recent development in this field proposes a global winter induced by the fallout of an asteroid impact, a theory which aligns with the devastation level required to cause such a mass extinction. The resources mentioned in this episode are:
·
Visit thecosmosmagazine.com website to read more about the new theory on what caused the extinction of the dinosaurs.
·
Check out the paper titled Chicxulub Impact Winter, sustained by fine silicate dust in the journal Nature Geoscience for more details on the research.
·
Explore the concept of the Anthropocene period and human-induced climate change by searching for articles and studies on the topic.
·
Learn more about the sun and its evolution by researching yellow dwarf stars and stellar evolution.
·
Discover more about the star Ro Corona Borealis and its similarities and differences to our own sun by searching for information on the star and its characteristics.
·
Read the paper by Stephen Kane in the Astrophysical Journal to delve deeper into the research on planets orbiting sunlike stars.
·
In this episode of the Space Nuts podcast, you'll join host Andrew Dunkley as he delves into the fascinating world of space exploration and scientific discoveries. With his friendly and approachable style, Andrew takes you on a journey through various topics, from the theories surrounding the extinction of dinosaurs to the lifecycle of stars and the interplay between galaxies and black holes. He effortlessly combines scientific knowledge with humor and curiosity, making complex concepts accessible to all. Whether you're a space enthusiast or simply curious about the mysteries of the universe, this episode of Space Nuts is sure to captivate your imagination and leave you with a deeper understanding of our cosmic surroundings. So sit back, relax, and get ready to embark on an interstellar adventure with Andrew Dunkley and his guests on Space Nuts. Timestamped summary of this episode:
00:00:00 - Introduction
Andrew Dunkley introduces the episode and previews the topics to be discussed, including the extinction of the dinosaurs, planets orbiting a star similar to ours, and audience questions about Andromeda gravity.
00:05:38 - New Theory on Dinosaur Extinction
Astronomers in Belgium and the UK have proposed a new theory on the extinction of the dinosaurs. They have found evidence of fine silicate dust in the rock strata, suggesting that the impact of a massive asteroid led to a global winter, which caused the mass extinction event.
00:08:41 - Impact of Silicate Dust
The distribution of silicate dust from the asteroid impact was larger than previously estimated. This fine dust, about 1 micron in diameter, could have stayed in the atmosphere for an extended period, contributing to the global winter and the extinction of the dinosaurs.
00:02:16 - Fred's Travels
Fred Watson discusses his upcoming travels to Sea Lake in Victoria for an astronomy weekend and his trip to New Zealand for the hundredth anniversary of an astronomical society. He also mentions his participation in a meeting about dark and quiet skies and the impact of satellites on astronomers.
00:04:44 - Interesting Statistics
Andrew Dunkley shares interesting statistics, including the percentage of New Zealanders living in Australia (10% of their population) and the fastest-growing nationality moving to Australia (the Nepalese). He humorously advises Fred not to mix up Switzerland with Sweden, referencing a recent
00:17:05 - "Introduction to the Star's Lifecycle"
The star in question is a yellow dwarf in its midlife phase, approximately 4.57 billion years old. It is currently in a steady hydrogen burning phase, similar to the Sun. This phase will continue for another 4 billion years before it transitions into a giant star.
00:19:32 - "Planets Orbiting the Star"
The star, Ro Corona Borealis, has four known planets orbiting it. These planets are closer to the star than Mercury is to the Sun. One of the planets, Ro Corona Borealis d, is potentially in the habitable zone and could support life.
00:21:35 - "Impact of Star Growth on Planets"
As the star grows into a red giant, the planets' fate is uncertain. Some may evaporate or be torn apart by the gravitational effects. Others may be thrown out of the system and become rogue planets. The exact outcomes depend on the planets' orbits and interactions with other planets.
00:25:04 - "Predictions for the Planets"
The prediction for the four known planets is that one will evaporate within the star's atmosphere, one will spiral in and be tidally disrupted, one will be destroyed at the end of a phase of evolution, and the fate of the fourth planet is uncertain. There could also be other undetected planets that may survive or be influenced by the star's growth.
00:35:32 - The Spectacular Event of the Andromeda Galaxy
The speaker discusses the possibility of the Andromeda galaxy getting closer to our galaxy. Although the event would be spectacular, it would happen on a timescale that wouldn't affect us humans.
00:36:27 - Collision of Galaxies
The collision between our galaxy and the Andromeda galaxy would result in a phenomenal sight, but it would be a slow process that wouldn't impact us directly. Simulations indicate that the two galaxies will pass through each other multiple times before settling into a new galaxy devoid of hydrogen.
00:37:33 - Black Hole Merger
In response to a listener's question, it is mentioned that the black holes in the Milky Way and Andromeda galaxies would eventually merge due to their relative gravitational forces. This merging process is expected to happen during the collision of the two galaxies.
00:38:59 - Can Gravity Escape a Black Hole?
The question of whether gravity can escape a black hole is explored. Gravity is a force field associated with a theoretical particle called a graviton, but it has never been observed or confirmed. The escape of gravitons from a black hole remains uncertain.
00:41:23 - The Myth of Bagpipes on the Moon
The story of a mechanic named William Rudd playing bagpipes at the Tidbin Biller station during the Apollo program is shared. While it is unclear if the sound of the bagpipes was actually heard on the moon,

The extinction of dinosaurs has been a topic of intrigue for centuries. Various theories propose the cause to be major environmental changes, catastrophic asteroid impact, or major shifts in vegetation, leading to dental maladies am

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In this episode of Space Nuts, hosts Andrew Dunkley and Fred Watson dive into two fascinating topics that will leave space enthusiasts craving for more. They start by discussing the recent discovery about the moon's age, shedding light on its true origin and challenging previous assumptions. Dunkley's engaging and informative conversation with Professor Fred Watson delves into the research methods used to uncover this groundbreaking finding. But the excitement doesn't stop there. The episode also explores NASA's ongoing search for water ice on Mars through the SWIM project. Andrew and Fred discuss the implications of finding water ice on the Red Planet and how it could benefit future space missions. With their conversational and friendly tone, Andrew and Fred bring these complex topics to life, making it easy for listeners to grasp the significance of these discoveries. If you're passionate about space exploration and eager to stay up to date with the latest developments in planetary science, this episode of Space Nuts is a must-listen. In this episode, you will be able to: · Discover the fascinating story behind the Moon's age, unlocking secrets about the history of our solar system. · Explore the ongoing search for water ice on Mars and the potential implications for human colonization. · Learn how scientists are mapping the distribution of ice on Mars, providing crucial insights into the planet's past and future. · Get a sneak peek into the groundbreaking capabilities of the James Webb Space Telescope and how it will revolutionize our understanding of the universe. · Dive into the intriguing concept of travel time in space, including the challenges astronauts face and the exciting possibilities for future exploration. It's fascinating, isn't it, when you really think about it, that one thing in the whole history of the universe made us possible. - Andrew Dunkley The resources mentioned in this episode are: · Visit the University of Chicago and the Field Museum websites to learn more about the research conducted by the planetary scientists. · Explore the Apollo 17 mission and the samples of moon dust brought back to Earth in 1972. · Learn about zircon crystals and their significance in dating the age of the moon. · Discover more about atom probe tomography and its use in analyzing the crystals. · Research radiometric dating and its role in determining the age of the moon. · Consider the implications of the moon being 40 million years older than previously believed. · Reflect on the formation of the moon and its impact on Earth's rotation and the evolution of life. · Explore the concept of the moon being made mostly of Earth's material rather than Thea's. · Investigate the differences between the near side and far side of the moon and the tidal locking phenomenon. · Contemplate the hypothetical scenario of Earth's size if it had not been impacted by Thea. · · Visit the University of Chicago and the Field Museum websites to learn more about the research conducted by the planetary scientists. · Explore the Apollo 17 mission and the samples of moon dust brought back to Earth in 1972. · Learn about zircon crystals and their significance in dating the age of the moon. · Discover more about atom probe tomography and its use in analyzing the crystals. · Research radiometric dating and its role in determining the age of the moon. · Consider the implications of the moon being 40 million years older than previously believed. · Reflect on the formation of the moon and its impact on Earth's rotation and the evolution of life. · Explore the concept of the moon being made mostly of Earth's material rather than Thea's. · Investigate the differences between the near side and far side of the moon and the tidal locking phenomenon. · Contemplate the hypothetical scenario of Earth's size if it had not been impacted by Thea. Timestamped summary of this episode:
00:02:10 - "The Moon's True Age"
Scientists have discovered that the Moon is actually older than previously thought, with a minimum age of 4.46 billion years. This new finding sheds light on the early history of the solar system and indicates that the Moon formed in its infancy.
00:05:20 - "The Moon's Molten Origins"
During the early stages of the solar system, both the Earth and the Moon were molten bodies. The Moon's spherical shape was formed due to its softness and the pull of gravity. Understanding this molten period is crucial in determining the age of the Moon.
00:07:08 - "Reanalyzing Moon Dust"
In 1972, Apollo 17 brought back moon dust samples, including crystals of zircon. Scientists have reanalyzed these crystals using advanced techniques such as atom probe tomography and radiometric dating. By measuring the radioactive decay within the crystals, they have determined the Moon's true age.
00:09:08 - "Implications of an Ancient Moon"
The Moon's newfound age of 4.46 billion years suggests that it formed very early in the history of the solar system. This discovery has implications for our understanding of the Earth's formation, as the Moon likely cooled earlier than our planet. The Moon is an ancient body with a rich history.
00:17:38 - The Moon's Age
The hosts discuss a recent discovery that suggests the moon may be older than previously thought. They mention how the materials from Theia and the moon have been color-coded and express their curiosity about the implications of this finding.
00:18:32 - Introduction to Mars
The hosts transition to discussing Mars, noting that it is Andrew's favorite planet. They mention the "Swim" project, which stands for Subsurface Water Ice Mapping Project, and highlight the importance of water ice for future astronauts on Mars.
00:19:24 - Ice on Mars
The hosts clarify a misconception that the ice on Mars is all carbon dioxide. They explain that while some of the frost around the poles is carbon dioxide, a significant amount of Mars's ice is actually water ice. They mention the discovery of water ice by the Phoenix spacecraft and the presence of permafrost on Mars.
00:23:40 - The Swim Project
The hosts discuss NASA's Swim project, which aims to map the locations of Martian ice. They explain that data from multiple NASA missions, including Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter and Mars Odyssey, have been used to identify potential sites for future missions to dig up ice. They mention the use of recent impact craters as indicators of subsurface ice.
00:26:30 - Mars Ice Map
The hosts mention a work-in-progress map produced by the Swim project that shows the locations of Martian ice. They refer listeners to a NASA webpage for more information and
00:35:05 - The Flash of the Big Bang
The host explains the analogy of an audience cheering a band to help understand why we can still see the flash of the Big Bang. He emphasizes the importance of focusing on the photons we receive from our own vantage point on Earth.
00:38:06 - The Observable Universe
The host discusses the concept of the observable universe and how it extends to the flash of the Big Bang. He compares it to a horizon on a cruise ship, explaining that just because we can't see beyond it doesn't mean there is nothing there.
00:38:32 - Traveling at the Speed of Light
The host answers a listener's question about whether the expansion rate of the universe is taken into consideration when calculating travel time to destinations like the moon or other galaxies. He explains that for shorter distances, the expansion of the universe is negligible, but for longer distances, it would need to be considered.
00:42:05 - The Importance of Astronomy
The host addresses a listener's question about why astronomy is important and how it benefits humanity. He shares his own experience of realizing the need for science outreach and explains that astronomy is a symbol of an evolved society that goes beyond basic survival needs.
00:43:47 - Astronomy as the End Product of Civilization
The host reflects on a colleague's comment that astronomy is the end product of civilization. He explains that once a society has met its basic needs, astronomy becomes a pursuit that expands knowledge, understanding

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In the vast expanse of the universe, a mysterious cosmic symphony plays out, captivating our senses and challenging our understanding. But what if I told you that this symphony has a twist, an unexpected turn that leaves even the most seasoned astronomers in awe? Imagine, just when we thought we had it all figured out, we discovered that these enigmatic fast radio bursts are not just coming from one place, but from all corners of the cosmos. Brace yourselves, my fellow astrophysics enthusiasts, for the dispersion phenomenon in FRB radiation holds secrets that will unravel the very fabric of our understanding. And as we delve deeper into this cosmic riddle, prepare for a revelation that will leave your mind racing, wondering what lies beyond the reach of our current technology.

In this episode of the Space Nuts podcast, you'll join host Andrew Dunkley and astronomer Professor Fred Watson as they dive into an intriguing topic in the field of extragalactic astronomy. They discuss the fascinating dispersion phenomenon in fast radio burst (FRB) radiation and its implications for our understanding of the universe. You'll learn about the discovery of a distant FRB, FRB 202-2610 A, which turned out to be the most distant ever detected. The researchers also observed a dispersion phenomenon in the burst, where higher frequency waves arrived slightly before lower frequency waves. This discovery sheds light on the interaction between FRB radiation and electrons in the universe, providing valuable insights into the matter distribution in the cosmos. The conversation delves into the missing matter in the universe and the potential hiding places for this elusive substance. So, if you're an astrophysics student or researcher interested in extragalactic phenomena, this episode of Space Nuts is a must-listen. Get ready to expand your knowledge and explore the mysteries of the universe with Andrew and Fred.

In this episode, you will be able to: · Discover the fascinating world of distant fast radio bursts (FRBs) and unravel their mysterious origins. · Gain a deeper understanding of the dispersion phenomenon in FRB radiation, shedding light on how these signals travel through space. · Explore the mystery of missing matter in the universe and uncover the hidden secrets of our cosmic neighborhood. · Uncover the potential artifacts and errors that can occur in astronomical observations, ensuring the accuracy of your research and data. · Join the Space Nuts podcast as they delve into episode 376, where they unravel the wonders of the cosmos and share their contagious enthusiasm for astrophysics. The discovery of the dispersion phenomenon in fast radio bursts opens up a whole new world of possibilities for studying the structure of the universe. - Andrew Dunkley Understanding FRB Dispersion One crucial aspect of FRB research is comprehending the dispersion phenomenon, where high-frequency radio waves arrive slightly ahead of their lower-frequency counterparts. This compelling property, initially demonstrated by Jean-Pierre Macquart, shows that the dispersion of FRB radiation correlates with the distance covered. This novel insight not only deepens our grasp of FRBs but also elucidates the interaction between FRB radiation and electrons across the universe. The resources mentioned in this episode are: · Visit the ESO website (eso.org) and search for the article titled Astronomers Detect Most Distant Fast Radio Burst to Date to read more about the discovery. · Check out the Palomar Observatory website to learn more about the telescope and its history. · Follow Avi LERB, director of the Harvard Smithsonian Institute for Astronomy, for updates on his research and speculations about signals of artificial origin. · Keep an eye out for future studies and breakthroughs in the field of fast radio bursts to stay informed about the latest developments. · Explore the concept of the wow signal and its mysterious origins to satisfy your curiosity about unexplained astronomical phenomena. · Stay tuned to Space Nuts for more fascinating discussions and updates on the world of astronomy. · · Discover the fascinating world of distant fast radio bursts (FRBs) and unravel their mysterious origins. · Gain a deeper understanding of the dispersion phenomenon in FRB radiation, shedding light on how these signals travel through space. · Explore the mystery of missing matter in the universe and uncover the hidden secrets of our cosmic neighborhood. · Uncover the potential artifacts and errors that can occur in astronomical observations, ensuring the accuracy of your research and data. · Join the Space Nuts podcast as they delve into episode 376, where they unravel the wonders of the cosmos and share their contagious enthusiasm for astrophysics. The key moments in this episode are:
00:01:28 - "Discovery of a Distant Fast Radio Burst"
00:06:54 - "The Dispersion Phenomenon of Fast Radio Bursts"
00:09:38 - "Missing Matter in the Universe"
00:10:21 - "Remembering Jean Pierre Macart"
00:18:13 - The Importance of Color in Studying Stars
00:19:22 - Possible Explanations for the Disappearing Stars
00:20:41 - The Possibility of Faulty Photographic Plates
00:24:08 - Evaluation of the Possible Explanations
00:25:15 - Artifacts and Misinterpretations in Astronomy
00:35:35 - The Challenges of Achieving Science Fiction Concepts
00:36:02 - Altitude Measurement on Other Planets
00:38:09 - Apogee and Perigee Heights
00:40:44 - X Spy Satellite Honeycomb Mirror
00:41:36 - Night Sky Comparisons

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Join us, your space-obsessed hosts, as we dive into mind-bending questions, uncover cosmic mysteries, and embark on an astronomical journey that challenges our understanding of the universe. In this episode, you will be able to: · Explore the captivating world of space with the Space Nuts podcast, where you'll uncover fascinating stories and insights from the experts. · Discover the mind-bending effects of gravity on time, as we delve into the intriguing concept of time dilation and how it shapes our understanding of the universe. · Unravel the mysteries of dark matter and its profound impact on the universe, as we dive into the research and theories behind this elusive cosmic substance. · Dive into the mesmerizing characteristics of carbon stars, as we uncover the unique properties and stunning beauty of these celestial objects that shine brightly in the night sky. · Embark on a journey through the fascinating world of orbital geometry and antimatter, and gain a deeper understanding of how these concepts shape our understanding of the universe and its intricacies. The universe is a puzzle waiting to be solved, with dark matter and dark energy as its greatest mysteries. Let's dive into the unknown and unravel the secrets of our cosmic existence. - Andrew Dunkley Exploring the captivating world of space Listeners dive into the captivating world of space in this mysterious and awe-inspiring discussion. We travel through the cosmos, uncovering profound truths and engaging new perspectives. These explorations help us reimagine our role in the universe and understand the vast expanses of space. The resources mentioned in this episode are: · Check out the article from Brookhaven National Laboratory titled Collisions of Light Produce Matter Antimatter from Pure Energy to learn more about the conversion of energy into mass. · Visit the Relativistic Heavy Iron Collider (RHIC) website to explore their research on particle collisions and the creation of matter from energetic photons. · If you're interested in the topic of dark matter and dark energy, delve deeper into the current understanding and theories by reading scientific literature and publications. · Expand your knowledge on the Big Bang and the early universe by exploring resources that explain the concept of time dilation and the potential for trillions of years to pass before the universe expanded. · Consider reading up on the theories and research surrounding the formation of galaxies, including the role of dark matter in galaxy rotation and the formation of spiral arms. · Learn more about the formation of solar systems and the potential impact of the absence of dark matter on their development by exploring scientific articles and books on the subject. · Explore the concept of galaxy clusters and the role of dark matter in their formation by reading scientific literature and research papers. · Consider researching alternative mechanisms for the coalescence of hydrogen and the formation of black holes, as dark matter

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Have you ever heard these myths about space? Prepare to have your mind blown as we debunk three popular misconceptions that will leave you questioning everything you thought you knew about the universe. Get ready for a mind-bending journey into the truth behind the mysteries of space on our next episode of Space Nuts podcast! In this episode, you will be able to: · Explore the fascinating world of asteroids as we delve into the latest sample analysis from asteroid Bennu, uncovering potential clues about the origins of our solar system and the building blocks of life. · Dive into the scientific study of water isotopes and uncover how analyzing their ratios can provide valuable insights into the history of our planet and its potential for supporting life. · Join us as we delve into the thrilling Ninth Planet theory, discussing the evidence and implications of the existence of a hidden world in our solar system, and how it could reshape our understanding of the cosmos. · Discover the latest advancements in lunar and Martian colonization as we explore the concept of living underground on the Moon and Mars, discussing the challenges and potential benefits of this innovative approach to space exploration and habitation. We're living in an era of the golden age of asteroid studies. We may well learn how we got here because of them. - Andrew Dunkley
The analysis of asteroid Bennu samples has been a key highlight in recent space science developments. Extracted by the Osiris Rex spacecraft, the samples show traces of carbon-containing compounds and water-bearing clays. The discovery of these elements, particularly in a carbonaceous asteroid like Bennu, is intriguing and could potentially offer vital insights into the origins of life. The resources mentioned in this episode are: · Visit NASA's website to learn more about the ongoing analysis of the Bennu sample. · Explore the Johnson Space Flight Center's website for updates on the testing of the sample. · Check out Osiris Rex's mission page to discover more about the spacecraft's journey and future missions. · Stay updated on the latest asteroid missions, including the Apophis mission, by following NASA's news releases. · Learn more about the Ryugu mission and compare the results with the Bennu sample by visiting the Japanese Space Agency's website. · Find out more about the Psyche mission and its orbital scan of a metallic asteroid by visiting NASA's mission page. · Keep an eye out for future discoveries and advancements in asteroid studies to gain a better understanding of our solar system's history and potential impact on life on Earth. · Explore the possibilities of finding answers to the origin of life and other intriguing aspects of asteroids by staying informed about ongoing research and analysis. · Support continued exploration and study of asteroids by following and engaging with organizations and scientists involved in these missions. · Consider the potential implications and importance of understanding asteroids in the context of space exploration and our place in the universe.

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Do you want to gain a deeper understanding of the groundbreaking Euclid telescope mission? Are you looking for a solution that will allow you to explore the fascinating world of space exploration and astronomy? Look no further! In this article, I will be revealing the key insights and information about the Euclid telescope mission, providing you with the knowledge and perspective you need to unravel the mysteries of the universe. Embark on this cosmic journey with me and discover the secrets that the Euclid telescope holds, unlocking a whole new level of understanding and appreciation for the vast expanse of space. In this episode, you will be able to: · Discover the fascinating setbacks and challenges faced by the Euclid telescope mission and how they were resolved through innovative software solutions. · Gain a deeper understanding of the upcoming Psyche mission by NASA and its significance in unraveling the mysteries of planetary formation. · Explore the intriguing world of dark photons and muons, and how they shape the fate of time and space in the universe. · Dive into the captivating story of Fred's trip to the UK and the Channel Islands, unraveling the hidden gems and experiences that await. · understand how a fine guidance sensor affected the Euclid telescope mission and the innovative software patch that resolved the issue, shedding light on the complexities of space exploration. Euclid is a telescope on a mission to map the sky, and even a small hiccup won't stop us from exploring the vast unknown. - Andrew Dunkley Innovative Software Patch for Euclid Telescope The solution to the Euclid telescope's problems came through a valuable tool - an innovative software patch. This fix, reminiscent of updates on everyday devices such as smartphones, was used to rectify the issues and get the mission back on track. This showcases the intersection between modern technology and space exploration, enabling continued research and breakthroughs amid potential roadblocks. The resources mentioned in this episode are: · Visit the website to learn more about the Psyche mission and stay updated on its launch. · Check out the Euclid telescope's website for updates on the FGS issue and the software patch. · Explore the Bo's segment on maximum entropy to gain a deeper understanding of the concept. · Listen to John's discussion on the early universe for fascinating insights into its origins. · Discover Al's insights on dark energy and its role in shaping the universe. · Stay tuned for future episodes of Space Nuts for more exciting space news and discussions.

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Hold on tight and prepare for an astronomical surprise that will leave you breathless. Brace yourself for a mind-bending twist in the world of gravitational wave detection and cosmic events. Get ready to witness a discovery so profound, it will shatter our understanding of the universe. But here's the catch: what if this groundbreaking revelation is not what we expect? Stay tuned to find out, as we embark on a cosmic journey that will challenge everything we thought we knew. In this episode, you will be able to: · Explore the groundbreaking advancements in gravitational wave detection and uncover the secrets of cosmic events. · Discover how a galaxy with a strong magnetic field can provide clues to the formation of stars and deepen our understanding of magnetic fields. · Uncover the mysterious Tharsis volcanic region on Mars and its potential role in the formation of water, shedding light on the geological factors that shaped the planet. · Understand the importance of polarization in astronomy and how it can be used as a powerful tool in observations, revealing hidden details about celestial objects. · Dive into the controversial realm of dark matter and modified Newtonian gravity, and explore alternative theories that challenge our current understanding of the universe. Imagine a future where we can detect a million neutron star mergers and hundreds of thousands of black hole collisions every year. The possibilities are mind-boggling. - Andrew Dunkley Tharsis Volcanic Region Connection Investigating the potential correlation between Martian volcanic activity and the Hellas impact could shed light on Mars's geological history and water formation. The link, though hypothetical, could provide astronomers valuable data on the effects of such impacts on seismic activities and the potential subsequent development of life-supporting conditions. This exploration further underscores the need for advanced research, expert consultations, and comprehensive scrutiny of existing theories to answer intricate questions about our universe. The resources mentioned in this episode are: · Check out the new gravitational wave detector, Cosmic Explorer, being developed by MIT. Learn more about its improved sensitivity and potential for detecting a million neutron star mergers and hundreds of thousands of black hole collisions. · Stay updated on the progress of the Cosmic Explorer project as they work towards building a 40-kilometer long laser interferometer for detecting gravitational waves. · Explore the possibilities of Lisa, the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna, a project by the European Space Agency that aims to place mirrors over 100 km apart in space to detect gravitational waves with even greater precision. · Consider the impact of gravitational wave astronomy, which offers a new window into the universe and has the potential to revolutionize our understanding of space and time. · Keep an eye out for future announcements regarding the location of the Cosmic Explorer detector and the funding and development of Lisa. · Stay informed about the latest advancements in gravitational wave research and the exciting discoveries that lie ahead. · Engage with the Space Nuts podcast to join the conversation and ask questions about gravitational waves and other space-related topics. · Subscribe to the Space Nuts podcast to receive regular updates and never miss an episode.

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Do you want to stay up to date with the latest discoveries in our solar system, particularly when it comes to potential new planets? Are you eager to uncover the mysteries hidden in the depths of the Kuiper Belt? If so, we have the solution you've been searching for. In this episode, Fred and I will be revealing the key findings and ongoing search efforts for an elusive celestial body, which could potentially be a new planet in the Kuiper Belt. By diving into this topic, you will gain a profound understanding of the quest to unravel the secrets of our cosmic neighbourhood and get closer to unveiling the existence of an undiscovered planetary world. In this episode, you will be able to: · Venture into an exciting chapter of space exploration identifying the potential new planet in the Kuiper Belt. · Peek at the nearest supernova through the advanced and prestigious James Webb Space Telescope. · Embark on the intriguing search mission for Planet Nine, interpreting its cosmic significance. If you're living in rubbish, you don't get the guernsey. - Andrew Dunkley Exploration of potential new planet: Amidst the vast expanse of the Kuiper Belt, researchers have detected signals suggesting a new planetary object. This fascinating discovery stems from patterns found in the orbits of hitherto-known objects within the belt. If confirmed, this celestial body could either be classified as a dwarf planet like Pluto, or a full-fledged planet, provided it has cleared the debris in its orbit, shifting our perception of the solar system. The resources mentioned in this episode are: · Visit the website of the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) to learn more about their research on dwarf planets and the Kuiper Belt. · Check out the Astronomical Journal, one of the world's leading journals on astronomy, to read the study on the objects in the Kuiper Belt and their orbits. · Explore the Kuiper Belt and learn about the various objects within it, including dwarf planets, asteroids, and more. · Stay informed about the latest discoveries in astronomy by following news sources and publications that report on space exploration and research. · Keep an eye out for updates on the potential ninth planet and its discovery, as scientists continue to study the Kuiper Belt and search for its gravitational influence. · Consider becoming an amateur astronomer and join a community of stargazers who observe celestial objects like Jupiter and Saturn, potentially contributing to scientific discoveries. · Learn more about the James Webb Space Telescope and its capabilities in observing distant objects, including supernovae, by visiting its official website. · Stay updated on the latest news and findings from the James Webb Space Telescope, as it continues to provide new insights into the universe. · Explore the Large Magellanic Cloud and The key moments in this episode are:
00:00:00 - Introduction,
00:02:32 - Discovery of a Potential New Planet in the Kuiper Belt,
00:09:40 - The Definition of a Planet,
00:10:57 - Possibility of a New Planet Replacing Planet Nine,
00:11:23 - Size and Orbit of the Potential New Planet,
00:16:11 - "Supernova 1987 A Discovery",
00:20:46 - "Structure of Supernova Remnants",
00:23:19 - "Light Echoes and Supernova Explorations",
00:26:07 - "Amateur Observations of Supernova Remnants",
00:27:15 - "Neutron Star and Future Observations",
00:32:18 - "Space, Time, and the Hubble Flow",
00:34:24 - "Frozen Universe",
00:35:30 - "Listener Appreciation",
00:36:01 - "Listener Bets",
00:38:50 - "Understanding Light from the Early Universe",

Exploration of potential new planet: Amidst the vast expanse of the Kuiper Belt, researchers have detected signals suggesting a new planetary object. This fascinating discovery stems from patterns found in the orbits of hitherto-known objects within the belt. If confirmed, this celestial body could either be classified as a dwarf planet like Pluto, or a full-fledged planet, provided it has cleared the debris in its orbit, shifting our perception of the solar system. Nearest supernova insights: The recent observation of the closest supernova in modern history by the James Webb Space Telescope provides profound insights into these stellar explosions' nature. Investigating the remnants of these violent outbursts helps us better understand the universe's history and structure. Analysing high-resolution imaging from telescopes like the Webb offers unique opportunities to examine the remnants and aftereffects of these cosmic explosions in unprecedented detail. Hunt for Planet Nine: The enigmatic Planet Nine continues to elude astronomers. Currently, the search is centered around Extreme Trans-Neptunian Objects (ETNOs), deeply entrenched far beyond the sun's reach. The discovery of a new planet in the Kuiper Belt may modify our understanding of what constitutes Planet Nine and could stir up further interest in this intriguing celestial detective story. · www.spacenuts.io · https://www.twitter.com/spacenutspod · https://www.linkedin.com/in/biteszhq · https://www.youtube.com/@spacenutspodcast · https://www.facebook.com/spacenutspodcast

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Step into the enigmatic world of dark energy, black holes, and dark matter, where the universe's secrets lay hidden. Unraveling the mysteries, we stumbled upon a captivating theory: could black holes be the elusive source of dark energy? It was a revelation that sent our imaginations soaring, envisioning a cosmic web expanding at an accelerated pace. But as we dug deeper, the puzzle only grew more intricate, leaving us wondering: what lies within the spaces between these celestial threads? Brace yourself for an awe-inspiring journey, as we delve into the unknown and embrace the boundless fascination of our ever-evolving universe. In this episode, you will be able to: · Explore the puzzling sphere of dark energy, black holes, and dark matter, pushing the boundaries of your learning about space exploration. · Acknowledge the pervasive influence of gravity, developing a nuanced appreciation of its distant gravitational pull. · Ascertain the journey of elements within our solar system, refining your knowledge about the cosmic processes that shape them. · Discover the essence of the Boates Void and corresponding cosmic voids, expanding your perception of these endless expanses abundant in space. · Identify propitious places for potential human colonization, prompting a contemplation Gravity, something that we sort of understand in pockets. - Andrew Dunkley
Trace the origin of elements. Questions about where the elements of our solar system originated from are addressed, revealing to us how these elements have undergone cycles of creation and destruction in various astronomical processes. Tracing the origins of these elements not only paints a vibrant picture of our cosmic history, but also imparts a deeper understanding of the unique chemical makeup of our solar system and the universe beyond. The resources mentioned in this episode are: · Visit our website to access the gravity map from the GOCE mission and explore the variations in gravity across the globe. · Check out the NASA Grace mission website for more information and animations on gravitational anomalies and how they relate to climate and Earth's internal structure. · Learn about the recent experiment where scientists were able to stop a photon and explore the possibilities of light standing still. · Stay updated on the latest research and discoveries about black holes and their connection to the expansion of the universe. · If you're interested in the concept of dark energy and its potential sources, keep an eye out for more information on the role of black holes and their contribution to the phenomenon. · Dive into the fascinating topic of the cosmic web and its filaments by exploring research and theories on the expansion of space between galaxies and how it relates to the overall structure of the universe. · Subscribe to our channel or podcast to stay up to date on the latest episodes and discussions about space and astronomy. · Join our online community to connect with fellow space enthusiasts, ask questions, and engage in discussions about the mysteries of the universe. · Follow us on social media for daily updates, stunning visuals, and interesting articles about space exploration, astronomy

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Does the idea of unraveling the enigmatic origins of solar winds sound familiar? Have you been told to study textbooks or watch documentaries in hopes of understanding, only to be left feeling frustrated and confused? If so, you're not alone. The pain of seeking knowledge, but finding it elusive, can be disheartening. But fear not, because in this podcast episode, we have uncovered groundbreaking discoveries made by the Solar Orbiter, shedding light on the clandestine origins of solar winds. Prepare to finally quench your thirst for understanding and leave the frustration behind. In this episode, you will be able to: · Disentangle the mysteries surrounding the origins of solar winds, thanks to insightful revelations made by the Solar Orbiter. · Extract the coded data from Neptune's dark spot, assessed through state-of-the-art ground-based telescopes. · Draw distinctions between the captivating spots on Uranus and Neptune, revealing their probable causes and importance. · Unearth the cryptic behavior and structure of gas giants and the nature of tempestuous storms weaving within their atmospheres. · Paint a description of the intricate density of nebulae, gauging the feasibility of This is the only opportunity we've got, is to learn what our star is doing, because the other ones are all too far away to study at this level. - Andrew Dunkley Uncovering the origins of solar winds Recent discoveries by the NASA and ESA collaboration, the Solar Orbiter, may offer fresh insights to unravel the enigmatic origins of solar winds. Observations of tiny jets of material spurting from the Sun's surface hint at the potential driving forces behind these solar winds. Harnessing maximum knowledge on this subject is crucial as this phenomena significantly impacts our planet's outer atmospheric conditions. The resources mentioned in this episode are: · Visit bitesz.com for more information on the NASA collaboration and the solar orbiter. · Check out the article on bitesz.com for a detailed explanation of the observations made by the Solar Orbiter. · Learn more about the Great Red Spot on Jupiter and its significance by visiting bitesz.com. · Explore the work of Trevor Barry, an Australian observer of spots on Saturn, and his collaboration with NASA on the Cassini spacecraft mission on bitesz.com. · Discover the latest observations of spots on Neptune made by the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope on Ceraparinal in northern Chile by visiting bitesz.com. · Find out more about the Muse instrument used to study Neptune's spots and its capabilities on bitesz.com. · Experience the stunning imagery and insights provided by the Hubble Space Telescope by visiting the official NASA website. · Stay updated on the latest discoveries and research in the field of astronomy by subscribing to the Space Nuts podcast. · Support the work of the European Southern Observatory and their groundbreaking research by donating to their organization. · Join the Space Nuts community and engage in discussions about space and astronomy on their official social media channels.

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Join us as we delve into the fascinating world of lunar geology and recent ground-penetrating radar discoveries on the Moon, uncovering layers of lava flows and potential insights into the Moon's volcanic history. But just as we start to unravel the mysteries, a shocking discovery on Mars threatens our very existence... What will happen next? Tune in to find out! In this episode, you will be able to: · Delve into the revelations made by ground-penetrating radar on the Moon, leading to new scientific breakthroughs. · Trek through the unchartered journey of the Chang'e 4 mission and its instrumental ground-penetrating radar. · Explore the eclipsed story of the Moon's volcanic activity and its consequences on lunar geology. · Venture into the heart of lunar mysteries where a potential core may exist. · Decode the impacts and threats cast by solar flares and solar storms on Earth's technological infrastructure. Version3: And joining us to talk about all of that is Professor Fred Watson, astronomer at large. Hello, Fred. - Andrew Dunkley In this episode, we explore the recent groundbreaking lunar discoveries made possible due to advances in ground-penetrating radar. Aided by China's Chang'e 4 mission, this tool has allowed scientists to delve deeper into the Moon's crust, providing valuable insights into its geological history and composition. These discoveries have shed light on the moon’s history of volcanic activity, and help illustrate its early history. The resources mentioned in this episode are: · Visit the bitesz.com website to read up on the Chang'e-4 mission and its ground penetrating radar discoveries on the Moon. · Check out the University of Aberdeen's website for more information on their involvement in the lunar geology research. · Follow NASA's updates on the Perseverance rover's findings and observations on Mars. · Explore the NASA website to learn more about the Mastcam and its capabilities in capturing stunning images of Mars. · Stay informed about space exploration news and discoveries by subscribing to the Space Nuts podcast. · Join the conversation and ask your own questions to be featured on an upcoming episode of Space Nuts. · Support the Space Nuts podcast by becoming a patron and gain access to exclusive content and perks. · Keep an eye out for future updates on the Chang'e-4 mission and the Perseverance rover's discoveries as they continue to explore the Moon and Mars.

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In the vast expanse of space, where triumph and discovery often reign, there are moments that grip our hearts with unexpected sorrow. Picture this: a Russian probe, destined for greatness, hurtling towards the moon's surface with anticipation and hope. But then, an unthinkable twist of fate sends it spiraling into an uncontrollable crash. The shockwaves of this failed mission reverberate through the cosmos, leaving us with unanswered questions and a deep longing to uncover the true cause. Join us as we delve into the tragic tale of the Russian probe Lunar 25, where every twist and turn leaves us yearning for closure. In this episode, you will be able to: · Uncover the facts behind the unsuccessful Russian Lunar 25 mission and delve into what went wrong. · Explore the bewildering world of dark energy and the revolutionary new ways it can be measured. · Contemplate potential end-of-the-world scenarios, evaluating their likelihood and impact. · Appreciate the crucial role of international partnerships in the face of space discovery and exploration. · Get an insider's look at future lunar and Mars missions, exploring the plans scientists, engineers, and astronauts are making today. List 2: We all do it. It's not a bad plan, actually. We'll watch with interest. - Andrew Dunkley Exploring End-of-the-World Scenarios In this episode, we will explore the different scenarios that could potentially result in the end-of-the-world scenario. From the rise of artificial intelligence to cosmic events, we touch on possibilities that, while unlikely, provide thought-provoking perspectives about our place in the universe. As we examine these scenarios, we aim to illuminate the fragile nature of existence and the awe-inspiring forces that surround us. The resources mentioned in this episode are: · Check out the Roscosmos website for more information on their lunar missions and future plans. · Learn more about the Lunar 24 mission, the last successful mission in the series, and its achievements. · Stay updated on the latest developments in space exploration by following Jonathan McDowell and his insights on all things space. · Discover the Chandrayaan-3 mission and its goals, including the planned rover exploration of the lunar south pole region. · Explore the concept of using helium-3 as a potential clean nuclear fuel for future energy needs. · Gain a deeper understanding of dark energy and its significance in the universe by reading up on current research and theories. · Keep an eye out for upcoming research papers and studies that delve into measuring dark energy, including the possible use of Andromeda as a tool for measurement. · Stay informed about the latest discoveries and advancements in the field of astronomy and space science by regularly tuning in to Space Nuts and similar podcasts or shows. · Engage with the space science community by joining online forums, attending conferences, or following social media and joining the Space Nuts Podcast group. · New! Follow Space Nuts on Tumblr for all the latest space and astronomy news. https://www.tumblr.com/blog/spacenutspod

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If you're feeling frustrated and discouraged by the lack of progress in understanding the impact of asteroids on Earth, despite your avid interest in astronomy and space exploration, then you are not alone! You may have been tirelessly scouring through scientific articles and documentaries, hoping to gain a deeper comprehension of the subject, only to be left with more questions than answers. Instead of the expected result of an enhanced understanding, you may find yourself overwhelmed by complex theories and conflicting interpretations, leaving you feeling lost and perplexed. In this episode, you will be able to: · Uncover the terrestrial tales told by asteroid impact craters, offering a glimpse into Earth's eventful past. · Unravel the evidence indicative of water on Martian landscape, kindling excitement for the existence of extra-terrestrial life. 'Something that's only 15, 20, maybe 30 km across can so disturb the atmosphere that you lose half the living organisms on the planet... Mind-boggling stuff.' - Andrew Dunkley
To delve into asteroid impact craters and their implications, we investigate the potential discovery of the largest impact crater. Located in Deniliquin region, New South Wales, Australia, its suspected existence highlights the phenomenal energy released during an asteroid impact. Profound understanding of these craters can provide insights into Earth's geological history and our planet's interaction with space bodies, enlightening us about potential threats and helping devise protective measures. The resources mentioned in this episode are: · Check out the article titled 'New Evidence Suggests the World's Largest Known Asteroid Impact Structure is Buried Deep in Southeast Australia' on The Conversation website for more information on the Deniliquin Impact Crater. · Visit the Australian Geographic website to read their article on the Deniliquin Impact Crater and learn more about this potential discovery. · Explore the Curiosity Rover's findings in Gale Crater on Mars, including the discovery of mud cracks and evidence of wet and dry cycles. · Stay updated on the latest news and discoveries from NASA's Mars missions, including the Perseverance Rover's exploration of the Jezero Crater. · Learn more about impact craters and their significance in understanding Earth's history and the formation of celestial bodies. · Consider supporting scientific research and exploration by donating to organizations like NASA or educational institutions involved in space studies. · Stay curious and engaged with the wonders of our universe by continuing to listen to Space Nuts for more fascinating discussions on space and astronomy.

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Does this sound familiar? You've spent countless nights gazing up at the stars, filled with wonder and curiosity about the mysteries of the universe. But despite all the time and effort you've put into researching, you still feel like you're missing something. You've been told to simply read books and watch documentaries, hoping to gain a deeper understanding, but it's left you feeling unsatisfied and longing for more. The pain of not getting the answers you seek is like a void in your knowledge, begging to be filled. In this episode, you will be able to: · Dive deep into the intriguing world of space science and astronomy, while unraveling the mysteries of the universe. · Absorb knowledge about the spectacular phenomena of supernovae and their implications on the cosmos. · Bask in the magnificent effects of black holes on celestial bodies. · Join in the exhilarating race of Mars exploration and the search for the elusive evidence of past life. · Venture into the enigmatic realm of dark matter and dark energy. · Embark on a journey through the groundbreaking research that's shaping the future of astrophysics. Supernovae are not things to be messed with, because they are so energetic, so much happening, and the radiation that they emit across the electromagnetic spectrum and in the particle domain as well, is pretty overwhelming. - Andrew Dunkley Dive into space science In this episode, we deep-dive into the vast universe of space science, tackling several intriguing questions from our listeners. Within these conversations, we shed light on phenomena such as supernovae and the potential effects they might have if they occur close to Earth. By exploring these celestial occurrences, we aim to foster a deeper understanding and appreciation for the mystifying universe we belong to.
#space #astronomy #science #news #podcast #spacenuts

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Do you want to uncover the secrets of ancient metalworking techniques and unravel the mysteries of ancient trade routes? Are you eager to gain a deeper understanding of our ancestors' ability to create remarkable artifacts? In this fascinating exploration, I will reveal the solution to achieving increased knowledge of ancient metalworking techniques and uncovering the intricate web of trade routes that spanned the ancient world. Get ready to unlock the secrets of the past and embark on a journey that will expand your understanding of human ingenuity and connectivity. In this episode, you will be able to: · Delve into how ancient societies utilized meteoritic iron in fashioning arrowheads. · Explore the fascinating findings unveiled by NASA's InSight mission to Mars. · Get a grip on the fast rotation of Mars and its complicated internal dynamics. · Discern the role meteoritic iron held in the evolution of ancient cultures. · Learn about complex topics in astronomy such as tired light and black holes, clarified for easy understanding. The discovery of this ancient arrowhead made from meteoritic iron reminds us of the ingenuity and resourcefulness of our ancestors, and the mysteries that still await us in the depths of history. - Andrew Dunkley
The episode also discusses NASA's InSight mission to Mars, which utilized a seismometer and a special tool, RISE, to study the planet's interior structure. These tools detected Mars quakes and measured the planet's rotation, adding to our understanding of Mars' internal mechanics. It depicts Mars' unique features such as the acceleration of its rotation and the potential non-spherical core, which prompts further investigation and discovery. The resources mentioned in this episode are: · Visit the bitesz.com website to read the full article about the Bronze Age arrowhead made of meteoritic iron. · Explore the Insight mission's findings and discoveries about the rotation of Mars on the NASA website. · Check out the NASA InSight Twitter account for updates and images from the mission. · Learn more about the Twunberg iron meteorite and its composition by conducting a search online. · Stay informed about the latest space news and discoveries by subscribing to the Space Nuts podcast on your favorite podcast platform. · Support the Space Nuts podcast by leaving a positive review and rating on Apple Podcasts or other podcast platforms. · Join the Space Nuts community by following the Space Nuts Facebook page and engaging in discussions with fellow space enthusiasts. · Consider making a donation to NASA or other space organizations to support future missions and research. · Share the Space Nuts podcast with friends and family who have an interest in astronomy and space science.

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Delving into the cosmic vastness, this episode brings to light the intriguing world of space exploration, primarily focusing on the enduring Voyager Two mission. Remaining operational for a staggering 46 years, the spacecraft epitomizes the human spirit's relentless pursuit of knowledge, defying its initial design to function merely for twelve years. A central theme is how these seemingly remote explorations have profound implications for planetary safety, exemplified by efforts to detect potential near-earth objects and asteroids. Discover the incredible world of space exploration with the awe-inspiring Voyager Two mission. Brace yourself for an unexpected twist that will leave you on the edge of your seat. Witness the heart-stopping moment when a minor error causes the spacecraft's antenna to shift away from Earth, setting off a chain of events with far-reaching consequences. Prepare to be captivated as you wait with baited breath for the spacecraft to reset its parameters, leaving you wondering...what happens next? In this episode, you will be able to: · Dive into the captivating world of space exploration, focusing on the wonders of the Voyager Two mission. · Unearth the mysteries of the cosmos through the lens of the Euclid telescope. · Discover the cutting-edge technology redefining our ability to detect and monitor asteroids. · Investigate the intriguing connections between the age of the universe, satellites, and subsurface oceans on moons. · Grapple with the perplexing implications of the Uncertainty Principle in the realm of physics.
'What a triumph for the mission planners and engineers who built Voyager Two! It's been communicating with us for 46 years, and we think we've got at least another decade of communications with it. - Andrew Dunkley
The resources mentioned in this episode are: · Check out the latest news on Voyager Two's snafu and potential rescue efforts. · Learn more about the Tidbinbilla Deep Space Network in Canberra and its role in communicating with Voyager Two. · Stay updated on the progress of Voyager Two's antenna realignment in October. · Explore the Euclid telescope and its mission to study dark matter and dark energy. · Discover the stunning images captured by Euclid and get a glimpse of the universe in visible light. · Keep an eye out for future updates on Euclid's discoveries and findings. · Learn about the algorithm being tested to detect potentially hazardous asteroids and near Earth objects. · Stay informed about the upcoming commissioning of the Vera C. Rubin Observatory and its potential for discovering transient phenomena, including asteroids. · Follow the progress of the algorithm's testing and its effectiveness in identifying asteroids. · Watch the video tutorial on how to use the algorithm and contribute to the search for potentially hazardous asteroids. · The key moments in this episode are:
00:00:00 - Introduction,
00:03:00 - Voyager Two Mishap,
00:07:06 - Remarkable Voyager Two,
00:10:02 - Conclusion and Future Communications,
00:11:17 - Closing Remarks,
00:15:37 - Introduction,
00:16:23 - Testing an Algorithm,
00:18:27 - Transient Phenomena,
00:20:00 - Potentially Hazardous Asteroids,
00:22:11 - The Ruben Telescope,
00:32:23 - How Satellites Move and Cover Distance,
00:35:06 - The Age of the Universe,
00:38:27 - Saltwater Oceans on Enceladus and Europa,
00:39:01 - Origins of Salt in Oceans,
00:49:21 - The Uncertainty Principle,
00:49:35 - Curveballs and Questions,
00:49:48 - Keep the Questions Coming,
00:50:09 - Increased Website Traffic,
00:50:37 - Farewell and Thanks,

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Picture this: a meteorite found in the vast Sahara Desert, not just any ordinary space rock, but one with a composition eerily similar to our own planet. The plot thickens as scientists debate its origins, some proposing volcanic eruptions, while others suggest cataclysmic asteroid impacts. But here's the twist: this meteorite may have been flung from Earth itself, soaring through the cosmos for thousands of years before making its triumphant return. The question remains: how did a piece of Earth escape our gravitational pull and embark on an interstellar journey? In this episode, you will be able to: · Disclose the captivating find of a meteorite in the Sahara Desert, believed to originate from Earth itself. · Delve into the enigmatic world of dark matter stars, considering their profound implications in our grasp of dark matter. · Scrutinize the fascinating interaction between elusive dark matter and the common matter of our everyday life. · Ponder on the profound concepts of time, consciousness, and speculation of the afterlife. · Ascertain the influence of powerful bombs on altering the deadly path of asteroids in the galaxy. The universe is full of mysteries waiting to be discovered, and the James Webb Space Telescope is helping us unveil them. - Andrew Dunkley The resources mentioned in this episode are: · Visit the Space Nuts website to read more about the meteorite discovery in the Sahara Desert. · Check out the Space Nuts website for updates and further analysis on the potential existence of dark matter stars. · Follow the Space Nuts social media channels (Facebook, YouTube, and Rumble) to join the live studio audience and interact with the hosts and other listeners. · Explore the James Webb Space Telescope's official website for more information on its latest discoveries and missions. · Visit the Space Nuts website for additional episodes and content related to astronomy and space exploration. · Subscribe to the Space Nuts podcast on your preferred podcast platform to never miss an episode. · Support the Space Nuts podcast by leaving a positive review and rating on your chosen podcast platform. · Stay updated on the latest space news and discoveries by subscribing to the Space Nuts newsletter on their website. · Consider making a donation to support the ongoing production and research efforts of the Space Nuts podcast. · Share the Space Nuts podcast with your friends and family who are interested in astronomy and space science.

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Unearthing rivers on Mars and Titan has ignited a fire within me, a flame fueled by the tantalizing possibility of life in the most unlikely of places. The shocking discovery of these rivers, once teeming with potential, has shattered our perception of barren landscapes and opened a door to the infinite possibilities of our vast universe. Join me on this extraordinary journey as we delve deeper into the secrets these rivers hold, and uncover the unexpected twist that may forever change our understanding of life beyond Earth. In this episode, you will be able to: · Discover the intriguing mysteries of Martian and Titan's river systems and their potential to host life. · Uncover the enduring nature and evolutionary potential of Mars' ancient rivers. · Delve into detailed comparisons of riveting river systems between Mars and Titan. · Gain valuable insights into cutting-edge computer modelling techniques applied in planetary studies. · Become privy to groundbreaking insights on the age of the Universe and Dr. Gupta's revolutionary model. List 2: · Explore the captivating facets of river systems on foreign worlds such as Mars and Titan and their wondrous possibility of harboring life. · Dive into the secrets of the longevity and evolutionary scope of Martian fluvial dynamics. · Understand how Mars and Titan's river systems mimic but also diverge from each other in fascinating ways. · Embrace the future of planetary studies with innovative computer modelling techniques. · Absorb new, stimulating perspectives on the age-old question of our Universe's age and Dr. Gupta's provocative hypothesis. List 3: · Unravel the enticing enigma of rivers on Mars and Titan, and the exciting prospect of them fostering life. · Investigate the tale of endurance and evolution woven by the rivers that once cut through the Martian landscape. · Grasp the similarities and contrasts of Mars and Titan's riverine terrains. · Upgrade your knowledge of space exploration with the power of advanced computer models. · Embrace the awe-inspiring theories on the Universe's age and be among the first to comprehend Dr. Gupta's enlightening proposal. The key moments in this episode are:
00:00:00 - Introduction,
00:02:27 - Rivers on Mars and the Potential for Life,
00:06:12 - River Deltas and the Perseverance Rover,
00:08:16 - Rivers on Titan and Sediment Flow,
00:11:57 - Possibility of Life in Extreme Environments,
00:17:22 - "The Tension between Galaxies and the Age of the Universe",
00:18:58 - "A New Model for the Age of the Universe",
00:22:24 - "The Tired Light Theory and Expanding Universe",
00:26:59 - "Challenging the Current Cosmological Model",
00:35:48 - "The Galactic Archaeology and Two Disks of Our Galaxy",
00:38:09 - "Tilt of Our Solar System",
00:39:14 - "Tilt of Other Solar Systems",
00:41:32 - "Fred Watson's Musical Inspirations",
00:45:30 - "Safety of Using Black Holes in Gravity Assist",

"The potential for life beyond Earth is immense, as evidenced by the existence of rivers on Mars and Titan. It's a reminder of how vast and varied our universe truly is." - Andrew Dunkley

#astronomy #space #science #news #podcast #spacenuts

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Discover the unexpected twist that ignited our curiosity, the twist that pushed the boundaries of our understanding of the cosmos. Rusty from Donnybrook and Russ from Stylebridge brought forth questions that transformed our podcast into an intergalactic journey, delving into the mysteries of the Milky Way's metallicity profile and the mind-bending concept of our universe residing within a black hole. As we explored these audacious ideas, we found ourselves diving deeper into the enigma of space, forging a bond with our listeners who share our passion for astrobiology. But little did we know, these questions were just the beginning - a beginning that would unravel even more captivating mysteries. Stay tuned to uncover the next twist in this cosmic tale. In this episode, you will be able to: · Get the lowdown on how Metallicity is intertwined with the presence of complex life across our galaxy. · Journey through the awe-inspiring, enigmatic universe of black holes, detailing their size and properties. · Walk through the cosmic annals as you perceive past events due to the speed of light. · Examine the Big Bang, divulging the key contribution of population three stars during this pivotal cosmic event. · Get to grips with the perplexing concepts of Redshift, time dilation, and the paths of space objects. Time Travel in Astronomy: How the Universe Reveals Its Past I think he's actually right...I think he's on the right track, because whilst the formal definition of a black hole...is a point in space with infinite density...that suggests that if its density is infinite, that its dimensions are zero...But I'm thinking that physicists know that 'physics'...never works that way. You can't have something with no volume and no dimensions and yet still exert a gravitational force The resources mentioned in this episode are: · Check out the integrated metallicity profile of the Milky Way published in Nature Astronomy. · Learn more about the metallicity of stars and its importance in the search for life on other planets. · Explore the concept of living inside a giant black hole and the theories surrounding it. · Find out if the entire universe could be a quantum object and what that means for our understanding of reality. · Discover the different sizes of black holes, including supermassive and intermediate black holes. · Learn about the formal definition of a black hole and its dimensions. · Watch the video on YouTube for a visual explanation of black holes. · Consider the implications of black holes on our understanding of physics and the laws of the universe. · Dive deeper into the topic of black holes by reading scientific articles and books on the subject. · Stay tuned for future episodes of the show for more fascinating discussions and questions. The Size of Black Holes Alright, time for a real brain-boggler: Do black holes have a size? Now, this might sound like a straightforward question, but in reality, it's anything but. The nature and properties of black holes are one of the greatest mysteries of our universe. In technical terms, black holes are described as a "singularity," which implies zero dimensions. But could there be more to it than that? Black holes became an engaging topic when Andrew and Fred touched upon how their "size" led to several theories and ideas. Both agreed that the definition and understanding of black holes are fluid, leaving a lot of room for scientific debate. Fred even hinted at the possibility of revisiting the no hair theorem, which describes the limited number of detectable attributes of a black hole. So, despite the name, black holes are anything but an empty subject! Apogee and Earth's Climate Now, let's talk about something a touch closer to home - the Earth's climate. You might have heard the term "apeelian," which refers to when our blue planet is furthest from the Sun. It's a regular, annual occurrence, but does it have a significant effect on our climate? From a layman's perspective, it might seem like it should. But hold onto your hats - the reality is quite different! In engaging conversation with Andrew, Fred clarified a common misconception about the apogee and its impact on our climate. As it turns out, the difference in distance doesn't have much effect at all! The tilt of Earth's axis and seasonal changes have a lot more to do with our climate than our planet's solar proximity. It's one of those delightful bits of information that make you appreciate just how complex and finely balanced our planet's systems are. The Size of Black Holes Alright, time for a real brain-boggler: Do black holes have a size? Now, this might sound like a straightforward question, but in reality, it's anything but. The nature and properties of black holes are one of the greatest mysteries of our universe. In technical terms, black holes are described as a "singularity," which implies zero dimensions. But could there be more to it than that? Black holes became an engaging topic when Andrew and Fred touched upon how their "size" led to several theories and ideas. Both agreed that the definition and understanding of black holes are fluid, leaving a lot of room for scientific debate. Fred even hinted at the possibility of revisiting the no hair theorem, which describes the limited number of detectable attributes of a black hole. So, despite the name, black holes are anything but an empty subject! The key moments in this episode are:
00:00:00 - Introduction,
00:03:14 - Metallicity and Complex Life,
00:07:59 - Looking for Life in Other Galaxies,
00:10:13 - Apogee and Earth's Climate,
00:11:23 - Conclusion,
00:17:23 - The Size of Black Holes,
00:22:54 - Looking Back in Time,
00:26:06 - Light Travel Time,
00:27:18 - Paradigm Shift,
00:28:43 - Uncertainty in Early Universe Models,
00:34:12 - "Redshift and Energy Conservation",
00:37:11 - "Time Dilation and Atomic Frequencies",
00:41:40 - "Origin of Interstellar Objects",
00:44:30 - "Collaboration vs. Competition in Space Exploration",
00:45:18 - "The Changing Landscape of the Space Race",
00:52:27 - Introduction,
00:52:30 - Appreciation for Hugh,
00:52:44 - Conclusion,
00:52:50 - Farewell,
00:53:02 - Podcast Information,

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Have you ever felt the rush of excitement when stumbling upon a hidden gem? Well, let me take you on a journey where the unexpected becomes the norm. Picture this: a space buff lost in deep thoughts about the upcoming Artemis mission to the Moon. The question of power generation in the shadowy craters of the lunar south pole lingers. But then, like a bolt of lightning, a company named Maxar appears on the horizon with their ingenious solution - Lightbender. Mirrors and sunlight intertwine to illuminate the darkness. But what if this lunar enlightenment holds even more secrets? Stay tuned to uncover a twist that will leave you craving for more. In this episode, you will be able to: · Unearth the immense difficulty behind power creation on the Moon and its crucial implications. · Learn about the innovative path Lightbender is paving for electricity generation in the Moon's darkest regions. · Understand the subtle yet influential relationship between Lightbender and heliostat technology. · Imagine broader possibilities thanks to Lightbender, as its potential extends much farther than just the Moon. · Recognize the importance of accessing and harnessing lunar water reserves, a game-changer in furthering space exploration. List 3 - The aim is to have continuous habitation on the Moon. It's a stepping stone to traveling beyond the Moon to other parts of the solar system. This is our future, and it's a future we should all be excited about. - Andrew Dunkley The resources mentioned in this episode are: · Visit Maxar's website to learn more about their Lightbender technology for providing beams of sunlight on the Moon. · Check out NASA's Artemis Project website for updates and information on their mission to send human beings back to the Moon. · Explore the concept of heliostats and how they are used for solar observations. · Discover the Anglo Australian Telescope and its state-of-the-art mirror technology for maximum reflectivity. · Consider installing solar panels on your own roof to take advantage of renewable energy. · Stay updated on the latest news and developments in space exploration by following Space Nuts with Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson. Power Challenges for Moon Missions To have a permanent human presence on the Moon, we can't sidestep the hurdle of generating power in the shadowed areas. Often, potential resources for living lie in such areas, for instance, the water reserves in the deep, often shadowed, craters near the poles. The tricky part is that the science we have today, solar-generated power, needs light. So, getting power to these dark, resourceful spots is a challenge that needs an intelligent solution. That's where something like Lightbender steps in - a technology that has the potential to crack this problem wide open. From Andrew's perspective, he notes that the topic is not just about exploration; it's a matter of survival in an environment that's vastly different from Earth. He compares this situation to the first astronauts who had to deal with the lack of power during moon night, which lasts about 14 Earth days. Understanding these challenges is essential to ensure the successful future of lunar missions. Heliostat and Sun Observations Lightbender isn't born entirely out of nowhere. Fred explained that it draws inspiration from a 19th-century astronomical idea of the heliostat. The heliostat also uses a two-mirror system to keep a steady image of the sun for solar observations. The primary difference lies in the autonomous control and AI of Lightbender to direct the reflected sunlight accurately. Paul was fascinated with the historical link between heliostats and the cutting-edge technology of Lightbender. Delving into the past, it made him appreciate the leaps and bounds humanity has made in technology and the new challenges it can overcome with novel adaptations of age-old inventions. Heliostat and Sun Observations Lightbender isn't born entirely out of nowhere. Fred explained that it draws inspiration from a 19th-century astronomical idea of the heliostat. The heliostat also uses a two-mirror system to keep a steady image of the sun for solar observations. The primary difference lies in the autonomous control and AI of Lightbender to direct the reflected sunlight accurately. Paul was fascinated with the historical link between heliostats and the cutting-edge technology of Lightbender. Delving into the past, it made him appreciate the leaps and bounds humanity has made in technology and the new challenges it can overcome with novel adaptations of age-old inventions.

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If you're feeling frustrated and overwhelmed by the lack of tangible evidence for Planet Nine despite your endless research and late-night discussions, then you are not alone! In this episode, you will be able to: · Traverse the peculiarities of the hypothesized Planet Nine and comprehend its potential impacts on our solar system. · Explore the advanced capabilities of the Vera Rubin Telescope and how it's set to transform the search for elusive celestial bodies. · Discern the urgent need for a structured framework in the burgeoning industry of space tourism and its potential implications. · Unwrap the fundamentals of how atoms emit and absorb light, which is crucial in our interpretation of astronomical observations. · Dissolve any misconceptions about the size of the universe, identifying the difference between the age of the universe and the distance light has traveled. List 2: I want to believe it, I really do. I hope they've found it. - Andrew Dunkley The resources mentioned in this episode are: · Visit theconversation.com to read the article about the potential existence of Planet Nine in our solar system. · Check out the Vera C. Rubin Telescope (formerly LSST) when it starts observations next year to see if it can find evidence of Planet Nine. · Learn more about the Seniors 14 object that fell into the Pacific Ocean in 2014 and its potential connection to Planet Nine. · Stay updated on the ongoing search for Planet Nine by following the observation campaign currently underway. · Consider supporting the International Association for the Advancement of Space Safety to help promote safety in space tourism and exploration. · Explore the possibility of space tourism and the potential risks involved before making any decisions. · Follow the progress of space tourism companies such as Virgin Galactic and Blue Origin to stay informed about the latest developments. · Keep an eye out for future space tourism opportunities that prioritize safety and adhere to strict regulations. · Educate yourself about the risks and challenges of space travel and make informed decisions if and when the opportunity arises. · Support advancements in space technology and exploration by staying engaged and advocating for responsible and safe practices. "Exploring the Outer Edges of the Solar System" So, you're probably wondering about what's out there, right at the edge of our very own Solar System? Well, it's truly a fascinating realm that's still full of mysteries and discoveries to be made. This uncharted frontier, deemed as the 'outer edges', is largely dominated by frozen volatile substances like water, methane, and ammonia. These celestial bodies, often referred to as Trans-Neptunian Objects (TNOs), are believed to have remained untouched since the beginning of our Solar System, making them incredibly valuable to astronomers as they piece together the cosmic puzzle. Now, Andrew Dunkley delves into this very topic during the podcast. His curious mind bubbles over with questions and musings, all tinged with a sense of awe and wonder for the unknown. He draws attention to the curious alignment of some TNOs - suggestive of a possible unseen planetary body nicknamed 'Planet Nine.' Despite the inconclusive evidence and difficult prospect of direct observation, Andrew's excitement is infectious, igniting a curiosity that makes even the farthest reaches of our Solar System seem tantalizingly within reach. "Emission Lines and Spectroscopy" Ever gazed at a sodium vapor streetlight and wondered why it shines so orange? Or pondered why certain colors 'pop' in the spectrum of a star? The concept of emission lines and spectroscopy has the answers. This field of astrophysics uses the spectral properties of light to determine the chemical composition and physical properties of celestial objects. It's a bit like unlocking the star's 'identity card' through the visible and invisible light it emits. Not only does this add an analytical edge to stargazing, but it also provides fundamental insights into the universe’s anatomy. To provide a tangible context, Andrew Dunkley uses the example of sodium vapor streetlights, whose characteristic orange comes from the photon of light emitted by excited sodium atoms. Andrew navigates this complex topic with crystal-clear analogies, making it both comprehensible and captivating. His conversation dives into the sun's behavior, touching upon its photosphere, chromosphere, and even the enigmatic concept of black bodies. By weaving these threads together, Andrew masterfully brings out the intensely scientific yet genuinely stunning aspect of our cosmos. "The Search for Planet Nine" 'Hypothetical' might be the operative word when we talk about 'Planet Nine', but don't let that dull your curiosity. This proposed super-Earth, lurking at the outskirts of our solar system, has got scientists and space enthusiasts on the edge of their seats. It's essentially a cosmic 'Whodunit?,' propelled by unusual TNO alignments and the enduring allure of the unknown. From gravitational tugs to cosmic dances, all threads seem to point towards a master puppeteer, an unseen force – one that fits the billing of a rogue Planet Nine. During the podcast, Andrew Dunkley's take on Planet Nine is much akin to a thrilling treasure hunt. He dives into the resilient hypothesis, the indicative TNO alignments, and the potential game-changing role of the upcoming Vera Rubin Telescope in this quest. The pursuit of Planet Nine, as Andrew explains, is not just about satisfying curiosity; capturing it could drastically alter our understanding of the solar system's architecture and dynamics. He undoubtedly leaves us yearning for more discoveries and eager to join the cosmic manhunt.
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This episode of Space Nuts, the Space News Podcast is brought to you by NordVPN. To check out our special deal just visit www.nordvpn.com/spacenuts - you'll be glad you did if you value your security while online.

In this episode, you will be able to: · Uncover fascinating facts about the cosmos with the Space Nuts podcast. · Understand how groundwater pumping can affect Earth's rotational poles. · Discover the intriguing connection between secondary cosmic radiation and earthquakes. · Explore the concept of cosmic rain and its potential to provide Earth with extra water. · Dive into discussions about visiting intriguing celestial bodies like Mars, Enceladus, Europa, and Alpha Centauri. We learn things about the universe by examining the Earth. - Professor Fred Watson. The resources mentioned in this episode are: · Visit the website for the Daily News about planet Earth to read more about the impact of groundwater usage on the Earth's rotational poles. · Learn more about the Credo project and their findings on the correlation between cosmic radiation and earthquakes by visiting the Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Polish Academy of Sciences website. · Consider donating to organizations that work to support research and initiatives aimed at understanding and mitigating the impact of human activities on the Earth's environment and ecosystems. · Take action to reduce your own carbon footprint by making small changes in your daily habits, such as using reusable bags and containers, reducing energy consumption, and supporting sustainable agriculture and food production practices. · Educate yourself and others about environmental issues and the importance of preserving the Earth's natural resources for future generations. Share what you learn with friends, family, and your community to raise awareness and inspire positive change. Dream Travel Destinations The universe offers an endless array of extraordinary destinations to explore, and the podcast hosts were asked to divulge their dream travel destinations within the solar system and beyond. Fascinating celestial bodies with unique environments can spark the imagination and inspire dreams of expanded cosmic exploration. Andrew Dunkley shared his desire to visit Mars as soon as possible, as well as venturing to the south pole of Enceladus. Professor Fred Watson, on the other hand, would want to travel back in time to experience Mars when it was warm, wet, and potentially teeming with life over 3.8 billion years ago. Watson also expressed interest in visiting Europa, where ice geysers and a potential subsurface ocean offer captivating prospects for exploration. Their contrasting and exciting answers invite listeners to ponder their own celestial dream destinations and emphasize the boundless intrigue that our universe holds. Relationship between Cosmic Radiation and Earthquakes In this fascinating segment, the correlation between secondary cosmic radiation and the intensity of earthquakes is explored. While the study from the Polish Academy of Sciences suggests that there is a connection between these two phenomena, it's essential to note that cosmic rays do not directly cause earthquakes. Instead, changes in the Earth's magnetic field due to disturbances in the planet's core allow more cosmic radiation to penetrate, which might enhance the effect of an earthquake. This incredible connection reveals how various elements in the universe can be interconnected and demonstrates once again the mysterious nature of our world and the cosmos. Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson delve into this phenomenon and clarify that the study focused on the correlation between the changes in the magnetic field and the movement of particles in primary cosmic radiation. They discuss how these alterations are dependent on the dynamics of disturbances within the Earth, which in turn affects the magnetic field. This conversation showcases the complexities of the Earth's magnetic field and offers an interesting insight into a potential connection between cosmic radiation and earthquakes. Understanding these correlations could have significant implications for predicting future earthquakes and other potential natural disasters. Relationship between Cosmic Radiation and Earthquakes In this fascinating segment, the correlation between secondary cosmic radiation and the intensity of earthquakes is explored. While the study from the Polish Academy of Sciences suggests that there is a connection between these two phenomena, it's essential to note that cosmic rays do not directly cause earthquakes. Instead, changes in the Earth's magnetic field due to disturbances in the planet's core allow more cosmic radiation to penetrate, which might enhance the effect of an earthquake. This incredible connection reveals how various elements in the universe can be interconnected and demonstrates once again the mysterious nature of our world and the cosmos. Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson delve into this phenomenon and clarify that the study focused on the correlation between the changes in the magnetic field and the movement of particles in primary cosmic radiation. They discuss how these alterations are dependent on the dynamics of disturbances within the Earth, which in turn affects the magnetic field. This conversation showcases the complexities of the Earth's magnetic field and offers an interesting insight into a potential connection between cosmic radiation and earthquakes. Understanding these correlations could have significant implications for predicting future earthquakes and other potential natural disasters.
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In this episode, you will be able to: · Explore the captivating world of astronomy and deep space ventures. · Unravel the enigma of the galaxy's swiftest stars and binary system marvels. · Get acquainted with space debris issues and Astroscale's groundbreaking Elsa tug. · Investigate the unique phenomena of hybrid eclipses and satellite retirement plans. · Benefit from intriguing listener inquiries about asteroids, the Great Attractor, and light information. The more we learn, the more we realize just how much we don't know. - Andrew Dunkley The resources mentioned in this episode are: · Visit the website phys.org for more information on the topic. · Check out the company Astroscale for their reusable robotic tug called Elsa. · Learn more about the Gaia spacecraft and its ability to measure positions of stars accurately. · Look up J1235 and J927 for more information on the record-breaking stars. · Research more on the topic of space junk and its impact on space travel and the environment. The Number of Active Satellites and the Importance of End-of-Life Strategies In today's space-dominated world, there are approximately 10,000 satellites orbiting the Earth, with about 2,200 of them being classified as defunct. It's crucial that satellites undergo end-of-life strategies to ensure they don't contribute to the growing issue of space debris. While larger satellites can self-destruct, smaller ones and other debris pose a more significant threat. During the episode, Fred and Andrew contextualize the sheer number of active satellites in orbit, which sits at around 7,700. They discuss various proposed solutions for dealing with space debris, such as harpoons and nets, while noting the distinct ability of Astroscale's Elsa to perform multiple missions. The hosts also emphasize the importance of enforcing end-of-life strategies on all satellites today, ensuring that future launches minimize the chance of adding to the space debris dilemma. Potential Solution to Space Junk Space junk has long been a concern for the orbiting and future plan for satellites, and that's why creative and innovative solutions are needed to maintain a safe and efficient space environment for the foreseeable future. One particularly promising approach involves using a ground-based laser that could safely nudge satellites out of orbit, helping to prevent the accumulation of space debris over time. In their conversation, Dunkley and Watson touched on this intriguing technology as a potential solution to space junk. They explore the possibility of using laser technology as a non-destructive means of pushing satellites out of orbit. Additionally, they discuss the importance of inspiring the next generation to pursue careers in science and technology, with programs like Girls in Aviation Day, Einstein First, and Quantum Girls, all aiming to get young people engaged in fields like quantum physics and relativity. Astroscale's Robotic Tug to Deal with Defunct Satellites A Japanese company, Astroscale, is working on a unique and reusable robotic tug named Elsa, designed to alleviate space debris by focusing on defunct satellites. The robotic tug uses a series of rendezvous, retrograde, burn, and repeat patterns as a way of removing dead satellites from orbit. Astroscale has already attracted funding from the UK and European space agencies and has even successfully tested a prototype of their innovative tug. During their discussion, Andrew and Fred delve deeper into how Astroscale's Elsa plans to target around 2,200 defunct satellites in orbit, many of which are still intact and contribute to the growing pollution in Earth's atmosphere. While they acknowledge the importance of end-of-life strategies for satellites and the awareness surrounding space debris, they express some concern regarding the naming conventions of such technologies, such as Elsa and Starlink, playfully wondering if there is some hidden meaning behind them.

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In this episode of the Space Nuts podcast, Professor Fred Watson and I answer the most pressing astronomy and space science questions from our listeners. From the role of moons in creating tides to the speed of light, we explore the vast mysteries of the universe. But one listener's hypothetical scenario involving black holes has us stumped. Tune in to find out why. As a space enthusiast, I was excited to listen to the latest episode of the Space Nuts podcast, where host Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson answered a variety of astronomy and space science questions from their curious listeners. Learn about the properties of dark matter and dark energy and how they affect the universe's expansion. Additionally, the hosts discussed the connection between time and space and how they both play a crucial role in our understanding of cosmology. Moreover, listen to their explanations about tides, speed of spacecraft, and the effects of tumbling in space. Recommended as a podcast that is engaging and informative, and highly recommended to anyone seeking a deep understanding of astronomy and space science. In this episode, you will be able to: · Ponder the mysterious influence of dark matter and dark energy throughout the cosmos. · Investigate how space and time converge in the fascinating realm of space-time. · Scrutinize factors affecting spacecraft velocity and their ability to remain unseen. · Learn about the significant role played by moons and tidal forces in sustaining life on habitable worlds. The resources mentioned in this episode are: · Check out our Patreon page to support the show and get access to exclusive content. · Visit our website to listen to past episodes and browse our merchandise. · Follow us on social media for updates and behind-the-scenes content. · Leave us a review on your podcast platform of choice to help others discover the show. · Sign up for our newsletter to stay up-to-date on all things Space Nuts. · Consider donating to organizations that support space exploration and research, such as the Planetary Society or the International Dark-Sky Association.

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In this episode of Space Nuts, we take a look at the geysers on Enceladus. The James Webb Space Telescope has had another look at them after they've been previously seen elsewhere, and they've found out a bit more about them. And it's amazing. Also, a star that may not be a normal star. This one could be a dark matter star as a matter of fact. We get stuck into that. And we follow up on a couple of things that came up in the last program. And we will be looking at a white dwarf age issue, according to Rusty. And Jeff is asking about what the view would be like from inside a black hole, if we could possibly get inside one. Tunnel vision at the very least, I imagine. That's all coming up in this edition of Space Nuts. Astronomy, Science, Space, and Stuff. Space Nuts Episode 354 with Professor Fred Watson & Andrew Dunkley Download from your favorite podcast distributor or visit our website at www.spacenuts.io For more Space Nuts, visit our websites. Links: https://linktr.ee/biteszHQ New: Listen to Space Nuts on your favorite app with the Universal listen link: https://spacenutspodcast.com/listen
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In this episode of the Space Nuts podcast, I discuss the recent discovery of 62 new moons orbiting Saturn using a telescope. As a space enthusiast, I am excited to learn about this fascinating discovery, which brings the total known moons around Saturn to 145, surpassing Jupiter's 95 moons. I am intrigued by the method used to discover the small satellites, as the cameras on spacecraft Cassini were not capable of identifying them. Professor Fred Watson explains that the distinction between what constitutes a moon is based on its size, composition and orbit. This episode provides an engaging and educational discussion on the latest space science news and developments. As a host, I recommend this episode to anyone who wants to stay updated on recent discoveries.
In this episode, you will be able to:
· Explore the impressive discovery of 62 new moons around Saturn through telescopic advancements. · Delve into the awe-inspiring gamma-ray burst, the universe's largest recorded explosion.
· Gain insights on asteroid protection methods like gravity tractors and kinetic impactors.
· Discuss the inaccuracies in Martian agriculture depicted in popular movies.
· Contemplate the ethical dilemmas and potential hazards of utilizing nuclear weapons in outer space.
#astronomy #space #science #news #spacetime #podcast

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Space Nuts #352
In this episode of Space Nuts, we explore a groundbreaking discovery about how Earth cleans up its own atmosphere, and how it could change the game in mitigating air pollution. But when our host jumps to the wrong planet, we discover stunning new images of Uranus taken by the James Webb Space Telescope and reveal some incredible insights about this mysterious planet. However, our excitement is cut short with a shocking revelation that leaves us wondering, will we ever go back?

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If you're feeling frustrated and disheartened because despite your constant efforts to understand the latest developments in quantum research and wormholes, you still feel light years away from achieving the breakthrough you crave, then you are not alone! In this episode, you will be able to: Explore the intriguing world of wormholes and recent quantum discoveries in outer space research. Understand the crucial role that powerful R25 engines play in launching rockets into space. Connect the dots between the enigmatic forces of black holes and dark energy. Marvel at the Huntsman Telescope's ability to obtain highly-sensitive images from outer space. Differentiate between theoretical and physical wormholes while appreciating their presence in imaginative science-fiction narratives.
The resources mentioned in this episode are: Check out NASA's website for more information on the Space Launch System and upcoming missions. Follow Aerojet Rocketdyne on social media to stay updated on their work and advancements in rocket engine technology. Consider supporting organizations and initiatives that promote and fund research in quantum computing and physics. Explore science fiction books and media that feature wormholes and other theoretical physics concepts. Learn more about the history and development of quantum mechanics and general relativity through online courses or tutorials. Support space exploration and research by advocating for government funding and supporting private companies like SpaceX.
#space #astronomy #science #news #podcast #wormholes #spacenuts

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The Sun's Wobble: Unraveling the Mystery of Solar Movement
If you're feeling frustrated and disheartened by reading countless articles and watching endless videos about black holes without gaining a deeper understanding of human proximity to them, then you are not alone!
In this episode, you will be able to: Unravel the enigmatic influence of black holes on human lives and cosmic occurrences. Gain insight into the formation dynamics of rocky planets and the role gas plays in space. Understand the role of dark energy in driving the universe to expand incessantly. Scrutinize the realism of movie asteroid fields in contrast to real-world examples. Delve into ongoing research into the fabric of spacetime and the pursuit of a quantum gravity theory.
'One day we might be able to get out there and get close to one of these things'. - Andrew Dunkley

The resources mentioned in this episode are: Learn more about the Hubble Law to understand the relationship between the velocity of objects and their distance.
Check out the website of the Chandra X-ray Observatory to view stunning images of the universe. Visit the website of the European Space Agency to learn more about their missions and research. Check out the website of the Subaru Telescope to learn more about their observations of the universe. Check out the website of the Keck Observatory to learn more about their ground-based observations of the universe.
For more from the Space Nuts team plus details on how you can help support the show and share in the rewards, visit our website at www.spacenuts.io or our HQ at www.bitesz.com
#astronomy #space #science #podcast

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Get ready to explore a 10 billion year old mystery! A closely bound duo of energetic quasars, the hallmark of a pair of merging galaxies, have been discovered when the Universe was only 3 billion years old. What secrets do these quasars hold and why have they lasted so long? Join us as we unravel this age-old mystery and uncover the secrets of the cosmos. But be warned, the answers may not be what you expect...
In this episode, you will be able to:
*Uncover the fascinating story behind the discovery of dual quasars from a 10-billion-year-old galaxy merger
*Delve into the enigmatic Lyman alpha radiation bar of light observed on Saturn
*Explore the environmental impact and challenges faced by the groundbreaking Square Kilometre Array radio telescope
*Understand the science of infrared radiation, heat transmission, and black body light emissions *Consider the odds of life existing on Enceladus and other high-pressure ice moons

'Cosmic Noon is one of the hot topics because it's that period when the Universe was just a few billion years old, when star formation was at its peak.' - Fred Watson

The resources mentioned in this episode are:
Visit the Noirlab.edu website to explore the press release about dual quasars blaze bright and learn more about this discovery.
Visit the NSF's Optical and Infrared observatories website to learn more about their ground and space-based telescopes, including the Gemini North Telescope in Hawaii.
Read Fred's book, Cosmic Chronicles or Exploding Stars and Invisible Planets (as it is titled in the United States) for more information on Saturn and other astronomical topics.
Keep an eye out for Andrew's upcoming audio edition of Parallax and check out his other books as well.
For details visit www.spacenutspodcast.com/shop
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In this episode, you will be able to:

• Explore magnetic fields on exoplanets and their fascinating role in supporting life.
• Delve into the reasons behind Virgin Orbit's bankruptcy amid SpaceX's thriving success.
• Uncover the mysterious fast blue optical transient (FBOT) explosions and their significance in space.
• Understand the correlation between Voyager spacecraft's speed and interstellar gas density.
• Engage with the latest news in space science and astronomy to stay updated and informed.

The resources mentioned in this episode are:

• Visit the website phys.org (P-H-Y-S) to read up on the discovery of magnetic fields on exoplanets.
• Learn more about the Liverpool Telescope and its polarimeter equipment by visiting the University of Liverpool's website.
• Explore the University of Sheffield's Department of Physics and Astronomy to learn more about Dr. Justin Mornd's research on FBOT explosions.
• Stay informed about updates on space weather and its potential impact on Earth by following the news from the National Radio Astronomy Observatory.
• Keep an eye on future discoveries and research related to auroras on stars and exoplanets, as well as their potential implications for the search for life in the universe.

Do Exoplanets Have Magnetic Fields?
In this episode, the hosts dive into the topic of magnetic fields on exoplanets and their importance for potentially supporting life. The discussion touches on the role of Earth's magnetic field in shielding the atmosphere and the planet's surface from harmful subatomic particles. For a rocky planet to have a magnetic field, the presence of an iron and nickel core is essential, as it generates a magnetic field as the planet rotates. For life to exist or have the potential to exist on these planets, having a magnetic field could play a crucial role, offering a protective layer against harmful cosmic radiation. Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson highlight the recent discovery of the first exoplanet with a magnetic field, YZ Ceti B, which is located around 12 light-years away and orbits an M-dwarf star. Scientists have used radio emissions from the star to study the interaction between the planet and the star's magnetic field, revealing that YZ Ceti B generates bursts of radio emissions, an indication of it having its own magnetic field. This discovery holds great significance as it suggests that other rocky exoplanets may also have magnetic fields, making them potential candidates for supporting life. However, some exceptions in our own solar system, such as Venus and Mars, challenge this notion.
I'm seeing this thing that no one has seen happen before, which is always a nice thing when you're a working astronomer and you're sitting at a big telescope somewhere and something turns up. - Professor Fred Watson
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In this episode, you will be able to: Uncover the potential for water sources on Mars due to newly discovered glacial remains. Dive into the intricacies of ultra-massive black holes and their impact on gravitational lensing and event horizons. Grasp the complex issue of time travel and how Earth's motion affects pinpointing landing locations. Explore the limitations of telescopes and active sensors in detecting objects beyond our solar system. Ponder the potential of the singularity, faster-than-light travel, and Cherenkov radiation in expanding our universe exploration. The resources mentioned in this episode are: Visit the phys.org website to read more about the discovery of glacial remains on Mars and the potential implications for future exploration. Learn more about gravitational lensing and how it can be used to measure the mass of celestial objects, such as ultra-massive black holes. Explore the Abell 1201 cluster and its ultra-massive black hole, which is 33 billion times more massive than the sun. Compare the ultra-massive black hole at the center of the Abell 1201 cluster to other known black holes, including the supermassive black hole at the center of our own galaxy. Research the different methods used to measure the mass of black holes, such as observing the velocity of material swirling around in their accretion disks.

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In this episode, you will be able to: Unravel the intriguing results of the Chang'e 5 mission and its implications on lunar water resources. Investigate the peculiar characteristics of 'Oumuamua and its potential hydrogen propulsion mechanism. Mitigate Earth's asteroid threats by understanding the process of detecting perilous objects. Analyze the consequences of a mysterious Mars-sized planet's influence on Earth's rotation. Envision the prospects of space exploration with the availability of the moon's bountiful water resources. For more Space Nuts, visit our website or follow us on socials. We're everywhere... Website: https://www.spacenuts.io YouTube: youtube.com/@spacenuts Twitter: @spacenutspodcst Facebook: @SpaceNutspodcast Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/spacenuts.io/ Discord: @SpaceNutsPodcast TikTok: @BiteszHQ
#astronomy #space #science #spacenuts #podcast

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An all-listener questions episode. Hear what's on the minds of our listeners. Explore the mysterious universe and uncover the secrets of dark matter and dark energy with Andrew and Fred. "Matter tells space how to bend. Space tells matter how to move." - John Wheeler Professor Fred Watson is an astronomer and science communicator, best known for his work in the field of astrophysics. He is a regular contributor to numerous science-related media outlets around the globe. Professor Fred Watson was taken aback by Rusty's question about how the rotation curves vary with wavelength. After exploring Einstein's famous theory of gravity, Fred discussed the dangers of the neutron star and the web of dark matter that formed structures in the universe. He explained that dark energy, while being uniform throughout the universe, was the cause of the universe's accelerating expansion. He then discussed the possibility of dark matter black holes, concluding that they should behave the same as normal matter black holes. Finally, he discussed the research done by colleagues in Australia which suggested that the speed of light may have been different in the past. This thought-provoking conversation left Fred and the listeners with questions to ponder. In this episode, you will learn the following: 1. What phenomena would you encounter if you were magically transported to a neutron star? 2. What is the difference between dark matter and dark energy and how do they interact with each other? 3. Could the speed of light or charge of the electron have been different in the past? Resources: For more Space Nuts and how you can help support the show, please visit our website at www.spacenuts.io Connect with us: Facebook: spacenutspodcast YouTube: @spacenutspodcast Twitter: @spacenutspodcst Website: www.spacenuts.io Or look for us on Discord. Loved this episode? Leave us a review and rating here: https://www.bitesz.com/show/space-nuts/reviews/new/

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In this episode of the podcast, Fred Watson embarks on a journey to the National Press Club to attend a big event featuring NASA Administrator Bill Nelson, only to find himself in the wrong place at the wrong time and caught in a thunderstorm. "If you're going to bet on where the most likely place for an eruption to occur on Venus, this would be it. It's the tallest volcano on the planet." Fred Watson was in a hotel room in Canberra when a thunderstorm struck, sending him scrambling to unplug his electronics. While there, he heard about the National Press Club lunch with the NASA administrator, Bill Nelson, and his deputy, Pam Melroy. He managed to get a ticket and attended the event, where he learned about the volcanically active planet Venus. Robert Herrick, a planetary scientist at the University of Alaska, had detected a particular volcanic vent that had changed in shape and size over an eight month period. Professor Herrick suggested that this could be a recent volcanic event; and Trevor Allen's research on the carbonaceous asteroid, 162173 Ryugu, uncovered evidence of uracil, a component of RNA molecules. In this episode, you will learn the following: 1. What is the Veritas mission and how could it further our understanding of volcanoes on Venus?Herrick 2. How did researchers detect uracil in the carbonaceous asteroid 162173 Ryugu? 3. How does the sun's core lose mass and energy and how does it become visible radiation? Connect with us: Facebook: @spacenutspodcast YouTube: @spacenutspodcast Twitter: @spacenutspodcst Website: www.spacenuts.io Loved this episode? Leave us a review and rating here: https://www.bitesz.com/show/space-nuts/reviews/new/ Sponsor Details: This episode is brought to you thanks to the support of NordVPN. To check out the special Space Nuts deals at the moment, just visit www.nordvpn.com/spacenuts and click on the Get the Deal button. Thank you.

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When an ambitious astrophysicist discovers a lone galaxy 9.2 billion light years away, she unravels the mystery of a fossil cluster, uncovering an unexpected twist in the evolution of carbon in the universe. In this episode, learn about astronomy topics - Quasars, Big Bang, and Carbon formation in the universe - from a conversation between Andrew and Fred about Dr. Rebecca Davis' research. They discuss how carbon started forming in the universe, which is important as we are a carbon based life form. The research found that in the early universe there was more cold carbon than warm carbon and it may be due to the first generation of stars. This research also paves the way for future investigations with the Square Kilometer Array to detect neutral hydrogen during a key phase of the universe's history. Furthermore, there is an example of extreme galactic cannibalism, with a distant galaxy called 3 C 297, which appears to be alone in space due to gobbling up all it's neighbours. "During the period when the first stars and galaxies are forming, a lot of heavy elements are forming because we never had carbon before we had stars. One possible reason for this rapid rise is just that we're seeing the products of the first generation of stars." In this episode, you will learn the following: 1. Australian astrophysicists have uncovered a crucial new development in understanding the evolution of carbon in the universe. 2. An extremely distant and old galaxy, 3C 297, is all alone in space, because it ate its friends. 3. Astronomers have discovered the earliest fossil group ever found, suggesting that galaxies gobbling up their partners and friends happened much earlier in the universe than previously thought. Connect with us: Facebook: spacenutspodcast YouTube: @spacenutspodcast Twitter: @spacenutspodcst Website: www.spacenuts.io Loved this episode? Leave us a review and rating on our HQs website at https://www.bitesz.com/show/space-nuts/reviews/new/ - Thank you.

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Hi there, thanks for joining us. This is Space Nuts. I'm your host, Andrew Dunkley. Hope you can stick around. We've got a lot to talk about today. What time is it on the moon? It's moon time.
It could be daytime, could be night-time. It depends where you are, but we're talking about real time.
We'll elaborate in this episode and offer up some solutions. There might be a new way to find Planet Nine. We're going to look at some sunrays on Mars and the dark Big Bang Theory. We'll also be answering some audience questions and much, much more on this episode of Space Nuts. "Throughout human history, exploration has actually been a key driver of improved timekeeping and geodetic reference models." The idea is how do you define time on the Moon. Do you have lots of different time zones, like we have on Earth? Or do you have a single lunar time zone? A joint international effort is now being launched towards achieving this. In this episode, you will learn the following: 1. How is time being defined on the Moon? 2. What is Planet Nine and can we find it? 3. Have Crepuscular Rays been seen on Mars for the first time? For more Space Nuts simply visit our website at www.spacenuts.io where you can find our entire back catalogue, plus learn how you can join our crew and become a supporter and access the rewards that go with that. Come join our elite family. Connect with mus: Facebook: spacenutspodcast YouTube: @spacenutspodcast Twitter: spacenutspodcst Website: www.spacenuts.io Loved this episode? Leave us a review and rating here on either Apple Podcasts or Spotify. It would be enormously helpful. Thank you.
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Experience the awe-inspiring power of the universe with a journey to see the aurora australis and witness spaghettification first-hand! Learn about Aurora displays from this Space Nuts podcast episode featuring Fred Watson and Andrew Dunkley. Apparently, people have been seeing these aurora displays in unusual places due to various plasma bubbles being spat out from the sun. This is not surprising as we are approaching the solar maximum, which is the regular up and down trend in the number of sunspots that appear on the sun. These sunspots are highly intense regions of magnetism that release energy in the form of plasma bubbles which cause the green, red and sometimes purple lights of the aurora. It is unusual for people to be seeing the aurora in places such as the UK, and the best time to look is near the equinox. Plus we’re witnessing a spaghettification first hand, but what exactly is that, and lastly, the Space Station was damaged by a micrometeoroid and a rescue mission is underway. In this episode, you will learn the following: 1. People are seeing the aurora in unexpected places - what is causing this phenomenon? 2. What will happen to the mysterious gas cloud X-7 as it passes closest to a black hole in 2036? 3. An uncrewed rescue mission was sent to the International Space Station - what was the mission and why was it necessary? Connect with us: Facebook: spacenutspodcast YouTube: @spacenutspodcast Twitter: spacenutspodcst Website: www.spacenuts.io Loved this episode? Leave us a review and rating here on Apple Podcasts or Spotify. Thank you. https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/space-nuts/id1080090608 https://open.spotify.com/show/3zSV4WU2cA7iPHGfRkuuHO
#space #astronomy #news #science #spacenuts #podcast

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