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Gregor Benton, "Mountain Fires: The Red Army's Three-Year War in South China, 1934-1938," (University of California Press, 1992)

20 min • 20 december 2024

In October 1934, the badly beaten Red Army set out on the Long March from southern and central China, leaving behind a rearguard to fight the overwhelming Nationalist government forces. Three bloody years followed, in which many guerrillas were killed, some abandoned the Revolution, and others deserted to the enemy. When survivors of the lost legions came down from their mountain hideouts in 1937, they regrouped as the New Fourth Army, whose renowned force helped drive the Nationalists from the mainland.
The dramatic story of the Chinese Communists in southern and central China has been hidden in the shadow of the Long March. Now Gregor Benton reconstructs their history, using oral interviews, legends, letters, documents, and local archives to show how they survived terrible isolation and repressive counterrevolution. Shattering myth and propaganda, he exposes both the misery and triumph of the Chinese Communist victory. Benton's definitive work makes an essential contribution to debunking the Mao-centered historiography of the Revolution.


  • East Asian Studies Podcast
  • Chinese History Podcast
  • The Long March history
  • Gregor Benton Chinese Communists
  • New Fourth Army formation
  • Chinese Communists in southern China
  • Mao-centered historiography debunked
  • Red Army guerrilla survival
  • Communist Revolution in China
  • Counterrevolution in central China
  • Chinese guerrilla warfare history
  • Oral histories of Chinese Communists
  • Nationalist vs. Communist forces in China
  • Revolutionary struggles in 1930s China
  • Red Army reorganization in 1937
  • Chinese Communist victory analysis
  • Local archives and Revolution history
  • Myths of the Chinese Revolution
  • Communist isolation during the Revolution
  • New Fourth Army contributions
  • History of the Chinese Civil War
  • Legends and letters of Chinese Revolution
  • Southern China Communist resistance
  • Repressive counterrevolution tactics in China
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