Jyrki Kallio of the Finnish Institute of International Affairs returns to the podcast to discuss Confucianism in China, including its beginnings in The Analects, key developments by Mencius, and the Ming-Qing reinterpretation of select teachings. Dr. Kallio explains to Satoko Naito the various complexities of Confucianism's internal contradictions as well as its enduring legacy, seen in Beijing's current 'Confucian Revival.'