Episode 43: The Politicians

While men fight and die on the streets of Paris, France's feckless politicians try to muster the will to take decisive action of their own to address a revolution no one on either side expected.

A quick refresher on important dates so far:

• August 8, 1829: The Polignac ministry is appointed
• Early July, 1830: Marshal Bourmont captures Algiers; opposition candidates win French elections
• Sunday, July 25, 1830: King Charles X and his ministers approve the Four Ordinances
• Monday, July 26, 1830: The Four Ordinances are published in the Moniteur. Journalists draft the Protest of the Forty-Four. Initial protests. A mob attacks Polignac's carriage.
• Tuesday, July 27, 1830: Four newspapers publish in defiance of the Four Ordinances. Protests grow into riots. Marshal Marmont assumes command of Paris. Soldiers open fire on civilians. Initial barricades go up.
• Wednesday, July 28, 1830: Marmont is given dictatorial control of Paris, and sends out his three attack columns. Deputies meet with Marmont. By the end of the night, Marmont's columns all retreat.

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