World War One

The story of Captain Fryatt - a civilian naval officer executed by the Germans, and the Royal Navy tactic of deploying 'Q ships'. These resembled British merchant ships, to lure the enemy to the surface, but were actually heavily armed with concealed weapons.

Turkey emerged from the First World War as a new republic, with a secular and modern identity, attempting to break from its Ottoman past. How has this influenced Turkey today? With historians Aksin Somel and Ahmet Kuyas, and novelist Elif Shafak.

In the second part of his documentary looking at the Asian contribution to WW1, Sarfraz Manzoor charts the experiences of soldiers and labourers in Mesopotamia and Gallipoli. The story for India changes as the war wears on. Recruitment becomes more draconian, British officers are killed, leaving a void which is not easy to fill, and the pressure on India for food supplies and the resources of war increases. As Turkey enters the war, German and Turkish propaganda plays on the Muslim soldiers' faith and the British Authorities take very seriously the threat of mutiny.

Sarfraz Manzoor tells the story of the 1.27m men from the Indian Army who fought valiantly in the Great War, through a series of the soldiers' letters written home from Western Front. This first episode of a three part series focuses on the make-up of the army in 1914, including the colonial policy to recruit from what were considered the martial races - communities with a warrior tradition.

Two time Olympic gold medalist Steve Williams tells the story of Frederick "Clegg" Kelly, Olympic rowing champion and one of Britain's leading composers, who lost his life on the battlefield in WW1.

Ex-Northampton Town player Clarke Carlisle tells the story of Walter Tull, the first Afro-Caribbean outfield player in the top division of English football, and the first to be commissioned as an infantry officer in the British Army. Clarke retraces the steps that took Tull from the playing field of Northampton Town to the place where he lost life fighting for his country.

Radio 1's Greg James hears from British troops who served in Afghanistan as they contrast their experiences with those who fought in World War One. Mixing new interviews from Afghanistan veterans with archive of those who endured the trenches, this story brings out the universality of experience of going to war: the joining up, the camaraderie, the killing, the trauma and the loss, as well as asking if all wars change those who fight in them in similar ways.

Woman's Hour goes behind the scenes at new Radio 4 drama Home Front, as it begins its four-year run. Actor Harriet Walter talks about her cameo role as Emmeline Pankhurst, and we hear from the writers about the opportunity to dramatise the domestic lives of people whose stories aren’t told in military history books. Plus Emma Barnett is joined by Home Front editor Jessica Dromgoole and academic Dr Angela K Smith to discuss the war's impact on the lives of women far away from the trenches.

The valiant Sikh contribution, the drama of those first training flights above the meadows of Oxfordshire, and a bittersweet story of two families brought together by love and loss.

Leading Whitehall historian Peter Hennessy examines Britain's secret war planning and preparations before 1914. Drawing on official papers, sound archive, and interviews with historians, Hennessy discusses what was in the minds of Asquith, ministers, officials and top soldiers and sailors, as they prepared for a possible conflict and as they finally took Britain into war in August 1914. He explores tensions between senior military and naval officers, between the Admiralty and the War Office, and within the Cabinet, and shows how debates and divisions shaped the war plans and influenced their effectiveness.

The tank, gas, flame throwers, Zeppelins - the weapons of World War One were like nothing that had been experienced before. At a special event with the British Council, Amanda Vickery and her guests explore the waging of war, its methods and morality, at the German Military Museum in Dresden.

Poet Ruth Padel reflects on German artist Kathe Kollwitz's memorial for her son, who died on the battlefields of the First World War in October 1914. The German painter, printmaker and sculptor created some of the greatest and most searing accounts of the tragedies of poverty, hunger and war in the 20th century. The death of her youngest son Peter prompted a prolonged period of deep depression, but by the end of that year she was turning her thoughts to creating a monument to him and his fallen comrades. The final memorial, entitled The Grieving Parents, was finally completed in 1932 and placed in the cemetery where Peter lay.

Santanu Das discusses Indian poet Sarojini Naidu's 1917 collection The Broken Wing. Born in Hyderabad in 1879, Naidu became known as "the Nightingale of India" for her work as a poet and also as an Indian independence activist. Das reflects on the importance of Naidu's work and on the impact of the First World War on the Indian fight for independence.

BBC Correspondent Lyse Doucet introduces novelist Edith Wharton's reportage from wartime France. Wharton, best known for The Age Of Innocence and The House of Mirth, was granted unique access to the Western front and wrote one of the most evocative and undeservedly neglected accounts of life in France in World War One. In its pages, penned early in the war, are Wharton's painterly descriptions of the country's overnight transformation from peace to war, her deep love for France and its people, and her accounts of the destruction wrought upon the villages and towns in the path of the German invader.

For Russians of director Sergei Eisenstein's generation, the experience of the First World War was overtaken by the revolution of 1917, which took Russia out of the war and plunged it into a bitter civil war from which the infant Bolshevik Soviet state emerged. Eisenstein seized the opportunity of serving in the Red Army to become a radical theatre director, which led him into film as part of the first generation of Soviet film-makers, who would astonish the world in the late 1920s with films like The Battleship Potemkin and October. These films would shape the cultural and political landscape of the interwar years - championed by those who wanted to condemn the Great War as an imperialist struggle, and also foreshadowing the Second World War. Film historian Ian Christie untangles this complex story.

Completed in 1916, Le Feu was the first explicit account of conditions at the front. French soldier Henri Barbusse's novel proved a revelation to a French public sold a sentimental line by the press of the time. Yet Le Feu, with its deep insights into the emotions of men at war, was not seen as damaging to home-front morale. Here was a new kind of writing in which rural dialects and working-class accents conveyed heroism, and could be literary, even transcendent. Dr Heather Jones reflects on Barbusse's novel.

The declaration of war in 1914 was initially met with jubilation by the people of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and, in Vienna, Sigmund Freud shared their mood. But, like his fellow-citizens, Freud expected a quick war. By February 1915, with two of his sons fighting and thousands of injured and traumatised soldiers returning from the front, his feelings had changed. Michael Shapira reflects on Freud's 1915 text, Thoughts for the Times on War and Death.

Professor David Edgerton reflects on a WW1 clarion-call from the British scientific establishment. In a letter to The Times in 1916, many of the great names of British science declared their belief that both academic and applied science were being treated as Cinderella subjects. The Germans, they surmised, had got their act together and were outflanking the British military effort in chemical warfare, armaments and generally taking science more seriously. Edgerton finds out what was going on at the time and looks at how the First World War advanced British science.

In 1924, six years after the end of hostiliies, the painter Otto Dix, who had been a machine-gunner in the German Army, produced his 51 Der Krieg prints. Gruesome, hallucinatory, and terribly frank, these postcards of conflict tell the soldier's ghastly tale. Cartoonist Martin Rowson, whose own work is similarly direct and uncompromising, tells Dix's story and ponders why Der Krieg remains such a powerful statement.

Rose Macaulay is perhaps best remembered for her final novel, The Towers of Trebizond, but her biographer, Sarah LeFanu, has long believed that her earlier 1916 novel, Non-Combatants and Others, is a work of striking originality. She argues for its importance to our understanding of the impact of the First World War, not only on soldiers at the front, but on the entire nation.

CRW Nevinson's painting Paths of Glory is a distant cry from the rallying recruitment posters that appeared at the start of the war. It depicts the bloated corpses of two dead soldiers, stretched out in the mud, against a backdrop of tangled barbed wire somewhere on the Western Front. Unsurprisingly, it was censored at the time. Allan Little considers the continuing power of Nevinson's painting and the role of art both in recruiting soldiers and in denouncing war.

'Oh what a lovely Savas' begins Rana Mitter in this edition of Free Thinking, using the Turkish word for War. Rana and guests discuss the roles of Turkey, India, China and Japan in World War I, and how the very legitimacy of the idea of Empire was possibly the biggest ideological casualty of WW1.

From Paul Nash paintings of blasted tree stumps in the first world war to today's commemorative planting: Paul Gough, Gabriel Hemery and Gail Ritchie join Samira Ahmed to explore woods in war and peacetime.

The First World War shattered the power balance in Europe. As we confront an uncertain world order, who are the great powers today, how has their role changed and where do they now stand in determining geo-politics? Jonathan Powell and historians Margaret MacMillan, Orlando Figes and Adam Tooze explore the Great Powers with Anne McElvoy.

John Buchan's The Thirty-Nine Steps first appeared in Blackwoods Magazine in August and September 1915 and depicts Europe on the edge of war in May and June 1914. It quickly became popular reading in the trenches and on the home front, and 100 years and three film adaptations later, its popularity is enduring. Matthew Sweet talks to biographer Andrew Lownie and scholars Dr Michael Redley and Dr Kate Macdonald about the connections between Buchan's own war experience and The 39 Steps, and to Professors Elleke Boehmer and Terence Ranger about how ideas about empire and adventure play out in the novel.

On the sunny morning of June 28 1914, Gavrilo Princip shot dead the Archduke Ferdinand and his wife Sophie in Sarajevo. Their assassination began a chain of events that would bring the world to war, destroy three empires and lead to the creation of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. Maria Margaronis travels to Belgrade and Sarajevo to unravel the many meanings of Princip then and now, discovering that Princip's past and present remain deeply contested, as current attempts to commemorate both his deeds and his memory book-end a century of conflict.

Matthew Sweet looks at music for films set against the background of WW1, including Joseph Kosma's music for Jean Renoir's masterpiece La Grande Illusion. The First World War prompted a cinematic response even before the War was over and has continued to exercise the film maker's imagination ever since. From Charles Chaplin's Shoulder Arms in 1918 to Steven Spielberg's recent War Horse, stories and commentaries are varied and include some of the great moments in film and film-music.

An epic exploration of the legacy of World War One begins with this panel and audience discussion from Sarajevo. It looks at the drive for nationhood during World War One and its impact on nationalism in Bosnia to this day.

How did composers such as Ralph Vaughan Williams, Alban Berg and Maurice Ravel react to the horrific tragedy of the First World War? Tom Service discusses the effect of World War One on music written in the years following the conflict.

Professor Christopher Clark unpicks the complex sequence of events that led to WW1. Today, how British decision-makers reacted in the 'July Crisis' of 1914.

Christopher Clark continues to unpick the complex sequence of events during the 1914 'July Crisis'. In this programme, Clark explores the dangerous impact of the extension of the Franco-Russian alliance.

Christopher Clark unpicks the complex sequence of events during the 'July Crisis' of 1914. In this programme, why Germany issued a 'blank cheque' to Austria-Hungary for war against Serbia.

Christopher Clark continues to unpick the complex sequence of events leading to WW1. In this programme, how Vienna reacted to the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand.

Prof Christopher Clark unpicks the complex sequence of events that led to the First World War. In the first programme, he travels to Sarajevo to tell the story of extraordinary chances that led to the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand.

The football coach and Derby County football icon stranded in Berlin during World War One and the war poet who wrote in his native Lincolnshire dialect.

The birth of the 'White Feather' campaign in Folkestone, the pill boxes built to repel the German army, and a World War One tipple from French that’s still enjoyed in Burnley today.

Medical innovation from a wartime surgeon, a soldier's satirical spin on World War One, and how a chocolate bar inspired a unique correspondence between a child from Cornwall and a soldier at the Front.

The wartime experiment that aimed to tackle drunkenness in Carlisle, the grandson of Belgium refugees discovers more about his roots, and the story of a Welsh land girl's memories of the city.

The 'Winchester Whisperer' – the secret newspaper produced by the Conscientious Objectors of Winchester Prison, imprisoned for refusing to take up arms and fight.

The first attack on British soil for centuries, the Govan woman who battled for a fair rent for tenants in Glasgow, and the egg collectors of Shropshire who helped alleviate the food crisis.

In 1918, Annie May Martin was a telegraphist working in France. Her role with the Women’s Army Auxiliary Corps was to pass messages in morse code between front line troops and London. In an archive interview, she looks back on her life as a signaller, why they were called the ‘blue and white angels,’ and remembers the hostility she experienced at the hands of French civilians. Her reflections are included in IWM’s Lives of the First World War, launched today to create a digital memorial to mark the lives of more than eight million people in WWI. Project Manager Melanie Donnelly joins Jane Garvey to talk about the scale of the task ahead.

The Newcastle women's football champions who were unbeaten during the war, the Hull shop that bore the brunt of anti-German riots and 'Pack up your troubles in your old kit bag', the Welsh hit that boosted morale on the battlefield.

Over a million Indian soldiers fought alongside the British Army during WW1, and thousands were nursed at the Royal Brighton Pavilion. Over 700 beds were provided in the midst of the building's Regency splendour.

Kate Adie joins in a tribute to Elsie Knocker & Mairi Chisholm, famous nursing heroines of the frontline, and the price a Bristol family paid when their horses were commandeered for the war effort.

How a German spy raised suspicions in Edinburgh; letters home show how a gardener from Gloucestershire's Cowley Manor found frontline life; Lizzie the Elephant does her bit for the war effort in Sheffield. Discover hundreds more WW1 At Home stories at bbc.co.uk/ww1

How a Scarborough home was immortalised in WW1 propaganda, defending the Irish coast from U-boats and how the scouts of Hertfordshire rose to the wartime challenge. Discover hundreds more stories from WW1 At Home at bbc.co.uk/ww1

Three WW1 home front stories: how German spies were executed at the Tower of London, England's Bravest St & production of Birmingham's famous Thunderer whistle. Discover more WW1 At Home stories at bbc.co.uk/ww1

For Radio 4, Francine Stock explores how artists responded to the outbreak of war on either side of the conflict and hears how the publishing world fed the appetite for women's popular fiction.

For Radio 4, Francine Stock explores the music and images of popular culture in Britain, France, Russia and Germany, as fiery patriotism flares and fades in the first weeks and months of war.

Francine Stock begins her exploration of the culture of the Great War in 1914 with the mobilization of the word. For more than 40 years the next war to come had been a staple of fiction. England had been invaded, bombed and conquered before a shot had ever been fired in anger and now the war was upon us. What unfolded in the first weeks in the towns of villages of Belgium turned the war into a cultural struggle for survival and intellectuals and authors were soon seen as crucial to the war effort. From Arnold Bennett to Israel Zangwill, the literary giants of Edwardian England went to war. Producer Mark Burman. Part of WW1 on the BBC - bbc.co.uk/ww1

How a night out to Manchester’s Palace Theatre in 1914 was to change forever the lives of Kitty and her young husband Percy Morter. Looking back, Kitty describes the moment when music hall star Vesta Tilley put her hand on her husband’s shoulder and recruited him to the war effort. The archive interview from 1964 is being made available today through World War One At Home, a BBC and Imperial War Museums partnership. Jane Garvey is joined by Imperial War Museum curator Laura Clouting to talk about the projects. Part of World War One on the BBC. Discover more at bbc.co.uk/ww1

From BBC Radio 4: During the First and Second World War at least 1700 nurses gave their lives in service, yet there is no official memorial to them. Jenni Murray talks to Yvonne McEwen, a historian at Edinburgh University and a former nurse who is leading a campaign for an official memorial for the nurses who served in the wars.

From BBC Radio 4 Responsibility for the Great War has been a fierce battle for meaning ever since 1914. Michael Portillo examines how the history of the origins of the Great War and the issue of war guilt has, since 1914, frequently been a fierce battle for meaning with high stakes. Discover more at bbc.co.uk/ww1

From BBC Radio 4: How the war shaped the lives of a generation of women. While women in their thousands volunteered for war service and the number of women employed went up by more than a million by 1918, what power did women really achieve outside the home and how lasting was it? Joining Jenni Murray, Baroness Shirley Williams on the war's impact on the generation of her mother, Testament of Youth author Vera Brittain; writer and broadcaster Kate Adie; Joanna Bourke, Professor of History at Birkbeck College; and cultural historian Professor Maggie Andrews, University of Worcester. We also hear from Dr Jennian Geddes about the work of doctors Flora Murray and Louisa Garrett Anderson who established and ran the only British army hospital staffed entirely by women, treating wounded soldiers. Part of World War One on the BBC. Discover more at bbc.co.uk/ww1

Michael Portillo reveals how our understanding of the war has been distorted through a century of intellectualising, interpretation and misinterpretation. In this first episode Michael Portillo examines how the German invasion of neutral Belgium in August 1914 transformed Britain's war into a moral cause. Part of World War One on the BBC. Discover more at bbc.co.uk/ww1