In our new series on Hasidism, Sam Biagetti returns to the show to set the stage with a full, fabulous history of Jewish schisms up to the early modern era and the invention of Orthodox Judaisms. Visit our website to ask us questions at xaihowareyou.com and call or Text the Talmud Hotline at 401-484-1619 and leave us a voicemail! Support us on patreon at patreon.com/xaihowareyou. Follow us on twitter @xaihowareyou and @miss_figured. Music by Ben Schreiber.