Mr Obnoxious

Alex Gladstein is the Chief Strategy Officer at the Human Rights Foundation and a leading advocate for Bitcoin's role in promoting freedom.

In this episode, we discuss his work empowering activists under authoritarian regimes, the structural issues facing human rights funding, and how technology like Bitcoin are transforming the fight for liberty. We also get into the impact of peer-to-peer networks like Nostr, the evolution of Ecash, and the digital arms race between oppressive governments and freedom technologies. We cover forgotten global conflicts, the role of Western democracies, and how Bitcoin helps people survive hyperinflation and financial oppression.

Winston Marshall is a musician, cultural commentator, and former member of the band Mumford & Sons.

In this episode, we discuss his journey from rock star to cultural commentator, the challenges of holding conservative opinions in the entertainment industry, and his exit from Mumford & Sons. We also get into the failures of corporate media, the rise of alternative media through podcasts, and the impact of political realignment in the U.S. and the UK. We also cover the ongoing struggle for free speech, the role of populism, and the future of liberty in a world increasingly dominated by censorship and ideological conformity.

David Zell is the Executive Director of the Bitcoin Policy Institute, a think tank focused on the public policy implications of Bitcoin.

In this episode, we discuss the political landscape surrounding Bitcoin, its role as an insurance policy for both individuals and nation-states, how Bitcoin competes against traditional currencies, the global demand for stable money, and its implications for U.S. geopolitical strategy, especially in contrast to authoritarian regimes like China. We also discuss the politicisation of Bitcoin, potential regulatory threats, and how Bitcoin's existence challenges traditional financial systems.

Izabella is the Senior Finance Editor at Politico and the founder editor of The Blind Spot.

In this episode, we discuss the rapid advancement of AI, including how tools like ChatGPT are transforming journalism, the ethics of AI, its role in uncovering hidden information, and whether full transparency will lead to societal improvements or chaos. We also discuss economic stagnation, the collapse of the middle class, and the impact of inflation on daily life. We also get into the over-regulation in Europe, how it’s falling behind in technological innovation, and the parallels between modern challenges and historical examples of power structures and corruption.

Ben Arc is an open-source developer and an advocate in the Bitcoin and Nostr ecosystems.

In this episode, we discuss the shift from centralised platforms like Twitter to decentralized systems, discussing how Nostr allows users to control their data and build communities without corporate interference. We get into Bitcoin’s evolution, synthesizing libertarian and socialist ideologies, the future of soft currencies, and the role of CBDCs in global economies. We also talk about the cultural significance of local currencies like the Welsh pound, the importance of free speech in a digital age, and how AI is transforming both daily life.

Ian Birrell is a renowned British journalist, columnist, and foreign correspondent, known for his work on global conflicts, social justice, and political reform.

In this episode, we discuss the failures of the prison system, whether it's true purpose is punishment or rehabilitation, and how countries like Norway and Texas are tackling recidivism with innovative approaches. We also get into Bitcoin’s role in empowering activists, the impact of social media on political tribalism, and Elon Musk’s controversial approach to free speech as well as the rise of political extremism, the decline of critical thinking, and the challenges of addressing the war on drugs and reforming criminal justice systems.

Fernando Nikolić, Director of Marketing and Communications at Blockstream and a passionate Bitcoin advocate, offers a unique perspective on Argentina's economic turmoil and the libertarian revolution unfolding today.

In this episode, we discuss the history of Argentina, exploring the impact of hyperinflation, political corruption, and the rise of populism. Fernando shares his thoughts on the impact of Juan Perón’s legacy, the devastation caused by decades of mismanagement, and the cultural factors that shaped the country’s economic collapse. We also discuss the rise of Javier Milei, the new libertarian leader, his drastic reforms, and the potential for Argentina to become a global libertarian test case.

Maajid Nawaz is a prominent counter-extremism activist, author, and former Islamist who has dedicated his life to combating radicalization. 

In this episode, we discuss the complexities of modern Britain, the rise of extremism, the impact of divisive rhetoric, and the urgent need to rebuild societal trust. Maajid shares his insights on the weaponization of free speech, the failures of political leadership, and the challenges of integration and identity in a rapidly changing UK. We also get into his personal journey from radicalism to reform, the importance of shared values, and his vision for a new Britain.

Dominic Frisby is a financial writer, comedian, and commentator known for his takes on economics, tax reform, and freedom. Dominic is a vocal advocate for liberty, self-governance, and the importance of sound money.

In this episode, we dive into the state of personal freedom in the modern world and the battle for free speech. We explore the realities of high taxes, the lessons from Argentina’s economic chaos, and how libertarianism offers a path forward. We also look at the erosion of freedoms, the dangers of big government, and why taking control of your own life has never been more critical.

Silkie Carlo is the Director of Big Brother Watch, where she leads efforts to defend civil liberties and protect privacy rights against state surveillance. She is at the forefront of challenging the UK's invasive surveillance laws and advocating for the protection of free speech and personal freedoms. 

In this episode, we dive into the growing government panopticon, the implications of mass surveillance on privacy and democracy, and the battles being fought to protect individual rights in a digital age. We explore the expansion of state power, the impact of technologies like facial recognition, and the threats posed by new laws, as Silkie provides an eye-opening account of the fight against a surveillance state determined to monitor and control.

Allen Farrington is a writer and investor. He co-wrote Bitcoin Is Venice and he’s a co-founder of Axiom, a Bitcoin-focused venture firm.

In this episode, we discuss the distortions caused by fiat money, the consequences of misallocated capital, and the philosophical underpinnings of a Bitcoin standard. We get into how these issues impact both individuals and economies, dissect the flaws of modern capitalism, and discuss how Bitcoin offers a path toward financial sovereignty and a more equitable economic future, as Allen provides a compelling case for why the current system is unsustainable and what can be done to change it.

Anna Chekhovich serves as the Financial Director at Navalny's Anti-Corruption Foundation, where she plays a key role in exposing corruption within Putin's regime and promoting transparency and justice in Russia. She also works as the Nonprofit Bitcoin Adoption Lead at The Human Rights Foundation.

In this episode, we discuss the challenges of fighting corruption inside Russia, the personal risks faced by opposition activists, and the state of civil liberties under Putin's rule. We explore Navalny’s impact, the internal dynamics of Russian politics, and the ongoing struggle for freedom, as Anna offers a first-hand account of life inside a system designed to suppress dissent and maintain control.

Gavin Sathianathan is the CEO of Research Smart and an advocate for medical cannabis and alternative therapies.

In this episode, we dive into the role of cannabis as a treatment for various health conditions, exploring the therapeutic potential of drugs in modern medicine. We discuss the challenges facing patients and practitioners in the current healthcare system and examine how alternative therapies are pushing the boundaries of conventional treatment.

Matthew Pines is the Director of Intelligence at SentinelOne and a National Security Fellow at the Bitcoin Policy Institute.

In this episode, we explore UAPs, simulation theory, remote viewing, and human consciousness. We discuss the potential implications of knowing that aliens are real and what this could mean for humanity - exploring the nature of reality and challenging our understanding of existence, as we discuss the intersection of advanced phenomena and human perception.

That’s a wrap! What Bitcoin Did is over, and what better way to close out the podcast than an episode with three of our favourite Bitcoiners, Jack Mallers, Matt Odell and Harry Sudock. In this one we did a little bit of reminiscing, discussed Bitcoin as hope, how the space is evolving and why we decided to end the podcast.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/what-bitcoin-did

This episode’s sponsors:  IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth CheatCode - Sydney, Australia Oct 25–26 XAPO Bank - The only way to bank your Bitcoin Ledn - Save. Borrow. Trade.

Troy Cross is a Professor of Philosophy and Humanities at Reed College & Chief Editor at The Nakamoto Project. In this interview, we discuss Democratic corruption & conspiracy, how Bitcoin transcends politics, Bitcoin’s morality & perception, and how we reach the next level of adoption.

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Show notes:  https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/who-owns-bitcoin

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth CheatCode - Sydney, Australia Oct 25–26 XAPO Bank - The only way to bank your Bitcoin Ledn - Save. Borrow. Trade.

Jack Mallers is the CEO of Strike. In this interview, we discuss debt as time travel, how Jack would run the US, the broken fiat system, why society is crumbling, proof of work & why the world needs Bitcoin.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/jack-mallers-on-why-bitcoin

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth CheatCode - Sydney, Australia Oct 25–26 XAPO Bank - The only way to bank your Bitcoin Ledn - Save. Borrow. Trade.

Colin Harper is the editor-in-chief at Blockspace Media. In this interview, we discuss Bitcoin conferences and journalism, the evolution of Bitcoin culture, ossification, Nostr and the degradation of political discourse.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-bitcoin-evolution

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth CheatCode - Sydney, Australia Oct 25–26 XAPO Bank - The only way to bank your Bitcoin Ledn - Save. Borrow. Trade.

Harry Sudock is the Chief Strategy Officer at Griid. In this interview, we discuss Bitcoin mining in the US, how the mining industry has been on easy mode, what changed after the recent halving and businesses now have to adapt and level up to survive.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/bitcoin-level-2

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth CheatCode - Sydney, Australia Oct 25–26

Will Reeves is the CEO and a co-founder of Fold. In this interview, we discuss the phase shift that’s happening in Bitcoin right now, the importance of businesses creating satsflow, Fold going public and how Bitcoin is changing the world. 

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/all-in-on-bitcoin-will-reeves

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth CheatCode - Sydney, Australia Oct 25–26 XAPO Bank - The only way to bank your Bitcoin Ledn - Save. Borrow. Trade.

Dylan LeClair is the Director of Bitcoin Strategy at MetaPlanet and Senior Market Analyst at Bitcoin Magazine Pro. In this interview, we discuss Michael Saylor’s Bitcoin strategy, and how they are implementing this at Metaplanet. 

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/microstrategy-metaplanet-real-bedford

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth CheatCode - Sydney, Australia Oct 25–26 XAPO Bank - The only way to bank your Bitcoin Ledn - Save. Borrow. Trade.

Jameson Lopp is the co-founder & CTO of Casa. In this interview, we discuss politicians coming to Bitcoin, how Jameson was swatted, how to think about your Bitcoin security and the rise of physical attacks on Bitcoiners. 

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/protecting-your-bitcoin

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth CheatCode - Sydney, Australia Oct 25–26 XAPO Bank - The only way to bank your Bitcoin Ledn - Save. Borrow. Trade.

American HODL is an OG Bitcoin investor and Erik Cason is a cypherpunk and author of Cryptosovereignty: The Encrypted Political Philosophy of Bitcoin. In this interview, we discuss the transcendent orange political movement, re-forging the American meritocracy, and Bitcoin reformation vs revolution.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/bitcoin-reformation-or-revolution

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth CheatCode - Sydney, Australia Oct 25–26 XAPO Bank - The only way to bank your Bitcoin Ledn - Save. Borrow. Trade.

Mauricio Di Bartolomeo is a Founder & the Chief Strategy Officer of Ledn. In this interview, we discuss mining Bitcoin in Maduro’s Venezuela, the mining crackdown, escaping hyperinflation, shorting fiat, and how the world will come to Bitcoin.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/escaping-hyperinflation

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth CheatCode - Sydney, Australia Oct 25–26 XAPO Bank - The only way to bank your Bitcoin Ledn - Save. Borrow. Trade.

Lyn Alden is a macroeconomist, investment strategist and General Partner at Ego Death Capital. In this interview, we discuss the unwinding of the Japan carry trade, the Fed cutting interest rates, how broken money leads to social unrest and what all of this means for Bitcoin.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/lyn-alden-on-japans-unwinding-us-recession-social-unrest

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth CheatCode - Sydney, Australia Oct 25–26 XAPO Bank - The only way to bank your Bitcoin

Andrew Bailey, is a Professor of Philosophy at Yale-NUS College, Bradley Rettler is a Professor of Philosophy at the University of Wyoming and Craig Warmke is a Professor of Philosophy at Northern Illinois University. In this episode we discuss their book Resistance Money and the global net-benefits of Bitcoin.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/resistance-money

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth CheatCode - Sydney, Australia Oct 25–26 XAPO Bank - The only way to bank your Bitcoin

Eric Yakes is the Managing Partner at Epoch and the Author of The 7th Property: Bitcoin and the Monetary Revolution. In this interview, we discuss the economic theory of marginalism, how this translates to Bitcoin, Bitcoin adoption cycles and the challenges of investing in Bitcoin companies.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/bitcoin-marginalism

This episode’s sponsors:

IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth CheatCode - Sydney, Australia Oct 25–26

Vivek Ramaswamy is an American entrepreneur. In this interview, we discuss fears about America’s current path, burgeoning state power, regulatory capture, dismantling the administrative state, restoring America's prosperity, and why American ideals are fundamentally aligned with Bitcoin.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/will-trump-be-the-first-bitcoin-president

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth CheatCode - Sydney, Australia Oct 25–26

Luke Gromen is the Founder and President of Forest for the Trees and Preston Pysh is a founder of The Investor Podcast Network. In this interview, we discuss the desperate global debt problem, American decline & global monetary strategies, Bitcoin vs dollar milkshake scenarios, and how the US could back treasuries with Bitcoin to alleviate its looming debt burden.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-us-government-needs-bitcoin

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth CheatCode - Sydney, Australia Oct 25–26

Matthew Pines is the Director of Intelligence at SentinelOne and a National Security Fellow at the Bitcoin Policy Institute. In this interview, we discuss geopolitical flashpoints of destabilisation, global nuclear-threat game theory, the implications of extraterrestrial technology, and the nation-state Bitcoin race.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/bitcoin-war-games

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth CheatCode - Sydney, Australia Oct 25–26

Rob Hamilton is a co-founder and the CEO of AnchorWatch. In this interview, we discuss polarisation in geopolitical vs Bitcoin spheres, American ethos and the Bitcoin-Trump alliance, the bitcoin-dollar games being played, Bitcoin leverage attacking the dollar, and Bitcoin’s adoption inflection point.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/bitcoins-inflection-point

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth CheatCode - Sydney, Australia Oct 25–26

Christian Keroles is the Director of Financial Freedom at the Human Rights Foundation. In this interview, we discuss the virality and volatility of the adoption chasm, mental models for hyperbitcoinisation, and the rewards of Bitcoin repricing the world.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/a-mental-framework-for-bitcoin

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth CheatCode - Sydney, Australia Oct 25–26

Brandon Quittem is the VP of Revenue at Swan Bitcoin. In this interview, we discuss The Fourth Turning, how the cycles play out and what they mean, the clear signs we’re in a fourth turning, the possibility of total war and how Bitcoin can be instrumental in the proceeding first turning.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-fourth-turning-is-here

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth CheatCode - Sydney, Australia Oct 25–26

Whitney Webb is an independent investigative journalist and founder of Unlimited Hangout & Mark Goodwin is the author of The Bitcoin Dollar. In this interview, we discuss the Bitcoin dollar system, corruption & compromised elites and proliferating the US dollar hegemony.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-bitcoin-us-dollar-hegemony

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth CheatCode - Sydney, Australia Oct 25–26

Whitney Webb is an independent investigative journalist and founder of Unlimited Hangout & Mark Goodwin is the author of The Bitcoin Dollar. In this interview, we discuss the bitcoin-dollar system, financial terrorism, and how intelligence agencies have captured elites, global finance firms, and tech giants to control a new monetary system.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/whitney-webb-mark-goodwin-on-how-intelligence-agencies-capture-everything

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth CheatCode - Sydney, Australia Oct 25–26

NVK is the founder of Coinkite and a board member at OpenSats. In this interview, we discuss the threat of centralised AI, building a decentralised alternative with Bitcoin, and the power of open source in resisting a surveillance technocracy. 

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/resisting-a-surveillance-technocracy

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth CheatCode - Sydney, Australia Oct 25–26

Charles Guillemet is the Chief Technology Officer at Ledger & Ian Rogers is Chief Experience Officer at Ledger. In this interview, we discuss vulnerabilities and the foundations of secure Bitcoin wallet design, exploits and grey markets, secure silicon vs opensource, and building tools for the future of digital freedom.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-coming-digital-dystopia

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth CheatCode - Sydney, Australia Oct 25–26

Matthew Mežinskis is the creator of the Crypto Voices podcast and Porkopolis Economics. In this interview we discuss the history of central bank debt and crises, money destruction & printing, hyperinflation, and Bitcoin’s base money update and price models. 

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/bitcoin-v-the-us-debt-bomb

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth CheatCode - Sydney, Australia Oct 25–26

The Rational Root is a Bitcoin on-chain & cycle analyst. In this interview, we discuss the Bitcoin ETF flows and how this cycle compares to previous ones, where we are on Root’s spiral chart, the supply dynamics at play and how liquid supply is dropping rapidly.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/is-the-bitcoin-cycle-broken

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth

Marshall Long is the Head of Architecture for Rhodium Enterprises. In this interview, we discuss the risks of mining centralisation from both the miner & pool perspective and how we can mitigate these and the geopolitical arms race for Bitcoin mining.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-bitcoin-mining-arms-race

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth

Aleks Svetski is an entrepreneur, author and Bitcoin advocate. In this interview, we discuss his upcoming book “The Bushido of Bitcoin,” governance & power vacuums, monarchy vs democracy, CEO-kings, and virtues for a Bitcoin world.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/a-bitcoin-society

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth

Checkmate is an on-chain analyst and founder of checkonchain. In this interview, we discuss the Mt.Gox coins that are about to hit the market, where we are in this cycle, ETF flows and the futures cash and carry trade and if Checkmate’s $250k price prediction is still in play.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/bitcoins-coiled-spring-with-checkmate

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth

Michael Goldstein is the co-host of the Noded Podcast and President of the Nakamoto Institute. In this interview, we discuss the re-launch of the Satoshi Nakamoto Institute, ending the fed, libertarianism, monetary economics, and preserving generational Bitcoin values.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/why-bitcoin-takes-all

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth

Michael Malice is an anarchist, author, and podcaster. In this interview, we discuss US & UK elections, Warren’s corruption, Trump’s legal case and whether Texas will secede from the United States.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-dysfunctional-state

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth

niftynei is a CoreLN contributor and a Bitcoin educator. In this interview, we discuss Bitcoin education, Lightning development, sovereignty, ecash, ossification, covenants, time-locks, tokens, and zero-knowledge tech.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-truth-about-bitcoin-scaling

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth

Lyn Alden is a macroeconomist and investment strategist. In this interview, we discuss the role of the Fed and central banks, fractional reserve vs free banking, how bitcoin could change these dynamics and if we should actually end the Federal Reserve System.

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Show notes:  https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/will-bitcoin-end-central-banking-lyn-alden

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth

Casey Rodarmor is a bitcoin developer and the creator of the ordinals, inscriptions, and runes protocols. In this interview, we discuss ordinal theory & inscriptions, the purpose of runes and why these projects have received so much backlash.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/breaking-bitcoin-with-casey-rodarmor

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth

Marty Bent is a Venture Partner at Ten31 and founder of the Bitcoin-focused media company TFTC.io. In this interview, we discuss the state of corporate media, how the deep state is fighting bitcoin and the game theory of Bitcoin.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-bitcoin-white-pill

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth

Erik Voorhees is the founder of Satoshi Dice, ShapeShift & Venice.ai. In this interview, we discuss the size and role of government, the growth of Bitcoin & how it can help restrain the power of the state as well as Venice AI and the future of artificial intelligence.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/erik-voorhees-on-bitcoin-ai

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth

Natalie Smolenski founded and leads the Texas Bitcoin Foundation. In this interview, we discuss AI and its progression towards artificial general intelligence, the implications of AI in warfare, issues of censorship and governance, and the potential for misuse of AI in the future. 

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-ai-threat-to-freedom

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth

Derrick Broze is an investigative journalist, author, documentary filmmaker, and activist. In this interview, we discuss Trump & Bitcoin, the Ross Ulbricht case, the rise of the technocratic state, surveillance & privacy and the AI digital arms race.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-technocratic-state

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth

Tuur Demeester is a Bitcoin investor and economist. In this interview, we discuss government corruption and the spending spiral, the creep of communism, the need to embrace volatility, if we can salvage democracy in a humble revolution, and why 2024 is the year of Bitcoin mass adoption.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-bitcoin-powered-revolution

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth

Zack Voell is the Director of Marketing and Communications at Botanix Labs and Willem Schroe is Co-Founder and CEO at Botanix Labs and the Inventor of the Spiderchain. In this interview, we discuss how and why Botanix are bringing an Ethereum Virtual Machine to Bitcoin, the culture clash and building on Bitcoin.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/everything-is-coming-to-bitcoin

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth

Parker Lewis is a Bitcoin writer and educator and Head of Business Development at Zaprite. In this interview, we discuss scaling self-sovereignty vs sound money, code-changes, covenants, and risks in the regulatory, ETF, mining, and social layers.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/bitcoins-economic-incentives

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth Oslo Freedom Forum - June 3-5

Avik Roy is president of the Foundation for Research on Equal Opportunity think tank and a policy Editor at Forbes. In this interview, we discuss why Trump is supporting Bitcoin & crypto, the power of the growing Bitcoin voter base, and the coming fight with regulators.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/bitcoin-back-on-the-ballot

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth Oslo Freedom Forum - June 3-5

Ben Carman is a co-founder of The Bitcoin Company and contributes to many projects in Bitcoin, and Tony Giorgio is the co-founder and CEO of Mutiny Wallet. In this interview, we discuss the regulatory pressures on bitcoin developers, fighting for inalienable rights, sovereignty and building a robust ecash future.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-fight-for-bitcoin-carman-and-giorgio

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth Oslo Freedom Forum - June 3-5

Michael Saylor is the CEO of MicroStrategy. In this interview, we discuss ossification, user rights, sovereignty, funding Bitcoin development, the political war over digital asset regulation, and the sly roundabout revolution.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/bitcoin-is-forever-money

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth Oslo Freedom Forum - June 3-5

Matt Corallo is a Bitcoin Core developer and ​​open-source engineer at Block/Spiral. In this interview, we discuss wallet software, money laundering, and government, decentralisation and privacy, Bitcoin’s big design challenges, and the path forward.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/an-existential-threat-to-bitcoin

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth Oslo Freedom Forum - June 3-5

Junseth is an OG Bitcoiner and the former co-host of Bitcoin Uncensored. In this show we dissect what started as a scam phishing call to Junseth and turned into an interview of the scammer, how people are vulnerable to scams, and how to protect yourself.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-bitcoin-scammer-uncensored

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth

Daniel Roberts is the co-founder of IREN. In this interview, we discuss surging demand vs power scarcity chokepoints, balance sheet strategies, changing AI & Bitcoin energy use narratives, mining in a bull-run and a multi-decade outlook.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/bitcoin-ai-power-scarcity

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth

Macro Alf is the founder of The Macro Compass, an investment strategy firm. In this interview, we discuss QE & debt in Japan, instability from artificial stability, if a recession is imminent, and the globally managed fiat decline.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/bitcoin-vs-the-fiat-decline

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth

NVK is the founder of Coinkite and a board member at OpenSats. In this interview, we discuss new incentives with increasing attacks on privacy, oppressive vs small government, market stoicism, and how entrepreneurs change the world.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/how-bitcoin-changes-the-world-with-nvk

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth

Lawrence Lepard is an Investment Manager and Austrian Economist and Quoth The Raven is an independent financial researcher. In this interview, we discuss how the dollar could fall, signals in the bond market, what central banks can do, and the debt spiral unwinding.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-fiat-apocalypse

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth

Gloria Zhao is a Bitcoin Core maintainer. In this interview, we discuss upgrading Bitcoin vs ossifying the protocol, ordinals and mempool “spam”, and the theory & ‘power’ of core developers.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-power-of-bitcoin

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth

Jack Mallers is the Founder & CEO of Strike, American HODL is a Bitcoin Educator, Alex Thorn is the Head of Firmwide Research at Galaxy and Calle is a Bitcoin developer working on Cashu. In this interview, we discuss why no one understands Bitcoin, ETFs & centralisation threats and the importance of funding development.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/nobody-understands-bitcoin-mallers-hodl-thorn-calle

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth

Harry Sudock is the Chief Strategy Officer at Griid, Will Roberts is the Co-CEO at IREN, Erik Hersman is the CEO of Gridless, Thomas Pacchia is a Board Member of Stronghold, & Dennis Porter is the CEO of Satoshi Action Fund. In this interview, they discuss bitcoin mining sustainability, accessing stranded energy and the halving.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/bitcoin-mining-a-paradigm-shift-in-energy

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth Consensus - Use code WBD20 to get 20% off your pass

Seth for Privacy is a privacy advocate and Head of Strategy and Marketing at Foundation and Bitcoin Q+A is a Bitcoin educator and Head of Customer Experience at Foundation. In this interview, we discuss the recent indictment against the founders of Samourai Wallet.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/first-they-came-for-samourai

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth Consensus - Use code WBD20 to get 20% off your pass

Andrew Bailey, Bradley Rettler and Craig Warmke are all professors of Philosophy, Allen Farrington is an investor and author of Bitcoin is Venice. In this interview, they discuss Bitcoin in academia, the Resistance Money thesis and the philosophy of money and Bitcoin.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/bitcoin-is-resistance-money

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth Consensus - Use code WBD20 to get 20% off your pass

Lyn Alden is a macroeconomist, Natalie Brunell is the host of the Coin Stories Podcast, Alex Thorn is the Head of Firmwide Research at Galaxy, Thomas Pacchia is co-owner of Pubkey, and Christopher Gordon from Bridge2Bitcoin. In this interview, they discuss how Bitcoin wins, and the CheatCode for business.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/how-bitcoin-wins

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth Consensus - Use code WBD20 to get 20% off your pass

Alex Gladstein is the Chief Strategy Officer at the Human Rights Foundation and Natalie Smolenski founded and leads the Texas Bitcoin Foundation. In this interview, they discuss how Bitcoin is a cheat code for human rights, privacy, sovereignty and the reciprocal loss of trust.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/bitcoin-human-rights

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth

Lyn Alden is a macroeconomist, Preston Pysh is a founder of The Investor Podcast Network, Allen Farrington is the author of Bitcoin Is Venice & Max Hillebrand is an economist & entrepreneur. In this interview, they discuss Bitcoin vs fiat, inflation and why Bitcoin is the best money.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-economics-of-bitcoin

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth

In this episode, we have a panel from the recent CheatCode conference. This panel was titled A CheatCode for Payments, and was hosted by Natalie Brunell, with Calle (Cashu), Obi Nwosu (Fedi) & Ben Arc (LNBits). They discussed the past & present of Ecash, the power of lightning and the future of payments. 

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/a-cheatcode-for-payments

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth

In this interview, American HODL, Preston Pysh, Harry Sudock and Jeff Booth join us from the recent CheatCode conference. We discuss why bitcoin matters, the paradigm shift in money and the transition to a new system.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/a-paradigm-shift-in-money

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth

Oscar Merry is the Founder of Fountain podcasts. In this interview, we discuss how the subscription model on the internet is changing and the power of value for value Bitcoin payments.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-bitcoin-value-for-value-thesis

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth

Freddie New is the Head of Policy at Bitcoin Policy UK. In this interview, we discuss current and proposed legislation affecting Bitcoin and why it often backfires, changing minds on Bitcoin, UK Bitcoin allies and how we win.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/defeating-the-regulators

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Casa - Take control of your digital wealth

Nicholas Bowick is a systems engineer in the aerospace industry. In this interview, we discuss emergent behaviors in complex systems, positive and negative feedback loops and chaos vs systemic antifragility.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/why-bitcoins-design-fixes-money

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here CheatCode - Bedford, UK - April 12-13 Casa - Take control of your digital wealth

Alex Gladstein is Chief Strategy Officer at the Human Rights Foundation. In this interview, we discuss the ultimate bitcoin use cases. How it is used in commerce, for freedom and how it fundamentally changes energy systems.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-ultimate-bitcoin-use-cases

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here CheatCode - Bedford, UK - April 12-13 Casa - Take control of your digital wealth

James Lavish is a macro analyst, and Eric Yakes is the author of The 7th Property. In this interview, we discuss Wall Street’s arrival into Bitcoin, why TradFi struggles to understand it and how Bitcoin is a new paradigm for investors.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/wall-street-embraces-bitcoin

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here CheatCode - Bedford, UK - April 12-13 Casa - Take control of your digital wealth

American HODL is an OG Bitcoin investor. In this interview, we discuss ordinals & ‘spam’, why bitcoin makes for a better world, if Wall Street will attempt to change Bitcoin and why we are still so, so early.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/bitcoin-were-still-early

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here CheatCode - Bedford, UK - April 12-13 Casa - Take control of your digital wealth

Vortex is a developer and OG Bitcoin podcaster. In this interview, we look back at the blocksize wars, talk about the challenges upgrading Bitcoin, the dangers of ossification and get into covenants and LNHance.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/why-we-must-upgrade-bitcoin

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here CheatCode - Bedford, UK - April 12-13 Casa - Take control of your digital wealth

Mark Moss is a serial entrepreneur, author, speaker and host of The Mark Moss Show. In this interview, we discuss how to play the game of money, using debt and inflation to your advantage and how to retire off Bitcoin.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/how-to-play-the-money-game

This episode’s sponsors: Iren - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here CheatCode - Bedford, UK - April 12-13 Casa - Take control of your digital wealth

Bitcoin Mechanic is a Bitcoin educator and Chief Boiling Officer at OCEAN. In this interview, we discuss the issues with arbitrary data on the Bitcoin blockchain, if filters can work as well as OCEAN mining pool and the need for greater decentralisation in mining. 

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-battle-for-bitcoin-with-bitcoin-mechanic

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here CheatCode - Bedford, UK - April 12-13 Casa - Take control of your digital wealth

Andy Edstrom is a financial advisor, and the author of Why Buy Bitcoin.Bitcoin. In this interview, we discuss Michael Saylor’s Bitcoin strategy, Bitcoin vs gold & real estate as well as demand, adoption and the four year cycle. 

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/michael-saylors-bitcoin-moonshot-revisited

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here CheatCode - Bedford, UK - April 12-13 Casa - Take control of your digital wealth

David Seroy is a ZK rollup researcher. In this interview, we discuss the tradeoffs when scaling Bitcoin, the reality of ZK rollups in theory vs in practice as well as, the fee market and MEV on Bitcoin.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-challenge-of-scaling-bitcoin

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here CheatCode - Bedford, UK - April 12-13 Casa - Take control of your digital wealth

Nik Bhatia is the founder of ‘The Bitcoin Layer’ & author of ‘Layered Money’. In this interview, we discuss Bitcoin as an optimal base layer for the financial system, how the largest economic actors may be allocating to Bitcoin, and where the price could go.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/bitcoin-etfs-have-changed-the-game

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here CheatCode - Bedford, UK - April 12-13 Casa - Take control of your digital wealth Bitcoin Policy Summit - Washington, D.C - April 9th, 2024

Grant McCarty is the Co-Executive Director of the Bitcoin Policy Institute. In this interview, we discuss evangelism and the Bitcoin revolution, why BPI is a crucial resource, flawed incentives in the education system, journalism and the shifting perception of Bitcoin.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-maturing-bitcoin-narrative

This episode’s sponsors: Iren - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here CheatCode - Bedford, UK - April 12-13 Casa - Take control of your digital wealth Bitcoin Policy Summit - Washington, D.C - April 9th, 2024

Raphael Zagury is a CIO at Swan Bitcoin. In this interview, we discuss Bitcoin adoption, how the ETFs changed everything, Bitcoin vs real estate and Bitcoin portfolio allocation.  

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-perfect-bitcoin-allocation

This episode’s sponsors: Iren - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here CheatCode - Bedford, UK - April 12-13 Casa - Take control of your digital wealth Bitcoin Policy Summit - Washington, D.C - April 9th, 2024

Dhruv Bansal is a co-founder of Unchained Capital. In this interview, we discuss how Satoshi approached creating Bitcoin, Bitcoin’s deep relationship with time, how markets drive decentralisation, and scaling vs ossification.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/bitcoin-satoshis-vision

This episode’s sponsors: Iren - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here CheatCode - Bedford, UK - April 12-13 Casa - Take control of your digital wealth Bitcoin Policy Summit - Washington, D.C - April 9th, 2024

Samson Mow is the CEO at JAN3, the developer of Aqua Bitcoin, architect of Bitcoin Bonds and CEO at PixelMatic. In this interview, we discuss orange pilling nation states, scaling bitcoin to billions with Liquid and AQUA, and why he thinks Bitcoin could reach $1 million by 2025.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-case-for-1-million-bitcoin

This episode’s sponsors: Iren - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here CheatCode - Bedford, UK - April 12-13

The Rational Root is a Bitcoin on-chain & cycle analyst. In this interview, we discuss the pace of the current bull market, the impact of spot ETFs, what we can expect post-halving, and changing dynamics in the market.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/bitcoins-biggest-bull-run

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here CheatCode - Bedford, UK - April 12-13

Checkmate is Glassnode’s Lead On-chain Analyst and creator of checkonchain. In this interview, we discuss the validity of on-chain data, the different phases of the market, the impact of spot Bitcoin ETFs & how Wall St are coming for your Bitcoin.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-wall-street-bull-market

This episode’s sponsors: Iren - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here CheatCode - Bedford, UK - April 12-13

Grant Gilliam is the co-founder and Managing Partner at Ten31. In this interview, we discuss the state of venture capital in Bitcoin, the importance of sats flow, and Bitcoin treasury strategies.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-bitcoin-strategy

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here CheatCode - Bedford, UK - April 12-13

Doomberg is an anonymous collective producing the world’s most popular financial substack. In this interview, we discuss why 2024 could be bullish for gold, global monetary warfare, the role of Bitcoin and the chaos of the election year.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-year-of-sound-money-with-doomberg

This episode’s sponsors: Iren - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here OpenSats - Support free and open source contributors CheatCode - Bedford, UK - April 12-13 PlebLab - Startup Day - March 14 2023

John Light is a bitcoin researcher working on product at Sovryn and previously the ZK-Rollup Research Fellow at the Human Rights Foundation. In this interview, we discuss rollups on Bitcoin, privacy & scaling and scaling bitcoin in a self sovereign way.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/scaling-bitcoin-privately

This episode’s sponsors: Iren - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably. Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here OpenSats - Support free and open source contributors CheatCode - Bedford, UK - April 12-13 PlebLab - Startup Day - March 14 2024

John Arnold is a Principal at Ten31. In this interview, we compare tradfi to bitcoin, discuss Bitcoin’s total addressable market, why bitcoin is a paradigm shift for businesses and how Bitcoin is eating the world.  

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/bitcoin-is-eating-the-world

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here OpenSats - Support free and open source contributors CheatCode - Bedford, UK - April 12-13

Dennis Porter is the CEO & co-founder of the Satoshi Action Fund. In this interview, we discuss Satoshi Action Fund’s mission, the importance of self custody, working with regulators and the challenges of pushing pro-bitcoin regulation.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-right-to-bitcoin

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here OpenSats - Support free and open source contributors CheatCode - Bedford, UK - April 12-13

Macro Alf is the founder of The Macro Compass, an investment strategy firm. In this interview, we discuss government spending, debt & deficits as well as the death of the dollar and the role of Bitcoin in the macroeconomic environment.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/will-the-dollar-implode

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here OpenSats - Support free and open source contributors CheatCode - Bedford, UK - April 12-13

Shinobi is a pseudonymous Bitcoin educator and the technical editor at Bitcoin Magazine. In this interview, we discuss scaling bitcoin in a self-sovereign way, covenants, OP_CAT and Bitcoin development culture & risks.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-bitcoin-scaling-dilemma

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here OpenSats - Support free and open source contributors CheatCode - Bedford, UK - April 12-13

Quoth The Raven is an independent financial researcher. In this interview, we discuss why he was sceptical about Bitcoin, his distrust in the traditional system, inflation & quantitative easing and what led to him changing his mind on Bitcoin.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-bitcoin-revolution

This episode’s sponsors: IREN - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here CheatCode - Bedford, UK - April 12-13

Whitney Webb is an independent investigative journalist and founder of Unlimited Hangout & Mark Goodwin is Editor in Chief at Bitcoin Magazine. In this interview, we discuss the BlackRock ETF, their plans for a new financial system, media psy-ops & tokenizing everything.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/why-we-shouldnt-trust-blackrock

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here CheatCode - Bedford, UK - April 12-13

Seb Bunney is the co-founder of Looking Glass Education and author of The Hidden Cost of Money. In this interview, we discuss what money is, the effect that broken money has on society, fiat incentives and how Bitcoin fixes this.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-hidden-cost-of-money

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here CheatCode - Bedford, UK - April 12-13

Colin Harper is Head of Research and Content at Luxor Technology. In this interview, we discuss Bitcoin adoption, media FUD, the impact of the halving on miners and we look back at the mining industry in 2023.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/bitcoin-adoption-the-halving-mining

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here

Sam Callahan is the Senior Analyst at Swan Bitcoin and host of Swan Signal. In this interview, we discuss hyperbitcoinisation, the Bank for International Settlement, and the threat of central bank digital currencies.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/bitcoins-cbdc-shadow

This episode’s sponsors:

Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Braiins - Bitcoin Mining Company

Carla Kirk-Cohen is a software engineer working on the Lightning Network at Chaincode Labs & a Board Member at Btrust. In this interview, we discuss bitcoin development & how it is currently funded, development culture & the state of the Lightning Network.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/bitcoin-dev-culture

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Swan Bitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Braiins - Bitcoin Mining Company

Harry Sudock is the Chief Strategy Officer at Griid. In this interview, we discuss the importance of Bitcoin third places, censorship, ETFs & adoption, bitcoin mining and whether Bitcoin has just crossed the Chasm.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/is-bitcoin-crossing-the-chasm-with-harry-sudock

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably SwanBitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Braiins - Bitcoin Mining Company

Preston Pysh is a co-founder of The Investor Podcast Network and Nico Lechuga is a General Partner at Ego Death Capital. In this interview, we discuss Bitcoin’s compound growth, how to gauge bitcoin adoption and how bitcoin is repricing the world.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/repricing-the-world-in-bitcoin

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet SwanBitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan Braiins - Bitcoin Mining Company

Sam Abbassi is the founder and CEO of Hoseki  and Xander Carpousis is Chief Revenue Officer at Hoseki. In this interview, we discuss the launch of the Bitcoin ETFs and the importance of transparency, proof of reserves and gold vs Bitcoin.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/avoiding-the-bitcoin-etf-rug-pull

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence Bitcoin Atlantis - A Bitcoin conference in the Atlantic SwanBitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan

Marty Bent is a Venture Partner at Ten31 and founder of the Bitcoin-focused media company TFTC.io, Harry Sudock is Chief Strategy Officer at Griid and Parker Lewis is a Bitcoin writer and educator and Head of Business Development at Zaprite. In this interview, we discussed bitcoin mining, regulations, ETFs and Bitcoin culture wars.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/live-in-nashville-bent-sudock-lewis

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence Bitcoin Atlantis - A Bitcoin conference in the Atlantic SwanBitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan

Dylan LeClair is a Bitcoin and macro analyst working for Bitcoin Magazine. In this interview, we discuss the pros and cons of spot ETFs, Bitcoin accelerationism and the culture war around ordinals and inscriptions.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/accelerate-bitcoin

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably itcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence Bitcoin Atlantis - A Bitcoin conference in the Atlantic SwanBitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan

Pete Rizzo is the editor of Bitcoin Magazine, and one of Bitcoin’s leading journalists. In this interview, we discuss the role of Ordinals, Inscriptions and BRC20 tokens, whether they are a positive or negative for Bitcoin and the growing divide in Bitcoin culture.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-bullish-case-for-ordinals

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence Bitcoin Atlantis - A Bitcoin conference in the Atlantic SwanBitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan

Dave Smith is a comedian and host of ‘Part Of The Problem Podcast’. In this interview, we discuss libertarianism, government responses to COVID and the political climate in the UK and US. We also reflect on economic challenges facing individuals, particularly the younger generation's struggle with housing affordability, whilst critiquing government control over money and how Bitcoin limits this power. The episode also covers the role of comedians in defending free speech.

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In this episode, I had the privilege of sitting down with the legend that is Dave Smith, comedian, political commentator, and libertarian activist, to explore a myriad of topics that are shaping our world today. From the nuances of libertarianism to the transformative potential of Bitcoin, our conversation delved into the heart of current societal and economic challenges.

We covered the government's response to the pandemic, the influence of experts and politicians, and the pressing need to counter propaganda. The conversation progressed to the role of libertarianism in politics and the common misconceptions that cloud its true essence. We then discussed the societal impacts of social media, the Israel-Palestine conflict, and the rise of feminism.

Economic issues are at the heart of a lot of societies' pivotal problems, such as the growing wealth divide and the impact of inflation on everyday life. We shared stories of individuals struggling to afford housing and basic necessities, despite their hard work. These stories speak to the erosion of the middle class and the direction of society as the concept of money loses its value and the government's control over the money supply is shown to be a charade.

The rising cost of living and its effects led us to the topic of Bitcoin. Dave articulated his support for it as a tool to challenge government control over money, underscoring its potential to prevent wars and promote peace. Our conversation ended with us celebrating the crucial role of comedians in safeguarding freedom of expression, underscoring the importance of challenging authority and advocating for liberty in an ever-changing world.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-orange-pill

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence Bitcoin Atlantis - A Bitcoin conference in the Atlantic SwanBitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan

Hunter Horsley is the Co-founder and CEO of Bitwise. In this interview, we discuss the launch of the Bitcoin ETFs, including the impact on investors and the investment market, and the broader implications for the monetary system and the future of Bitcoin. We talk about regulatory challenges and the importance of educating financial advisors on Bitcoin. The conversation also covers the mechanics of ETFs, the role of authorized participants and the services Bitwise provide.

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The approval of the Bitcoin ETFs marks a historic moment, akin to the launch of the first gold ETF in 2003, and sets the stage for future developments in the ETF space. However, the road to launching a Bitcoin ETF has been fraught with regulatory hurdles and challenges. Hunter Horsley sheds light on the arduous process Bitwise underwent to obtain approval for their ETF.

One of the most significant advantages of a Bitcoin ETF is providing a regulated and disciplined investment option for Bitcoin. Hunter highlights how ETFs offer investors peace of mind and protection against risks, which is particularly beneficial for retirement accounts like IRAs. The introduction of the ETF has also led to a substantial reduction in fees, making Bitcoin investment more accessible and cost-effective.

We discuss how the introduction of Bitcoin ETFs has changed the landscape for financial advisors. Historically, advisors were reluctant to recommend Bitcoin due to its volatility and perceived risks. However, the ETF provides a more secure and familiar investment vehicle, which is shifting attitudes in the market. Hunter stresses the need for education and resources to help advisors incorporate Bitcoin into their clients' portfolios.

Hunter foresees a future where most investment portfolios will include some allocation towards Bitcoin. This shift could introduce a significant new buyer into the market. With the macroeconomic backdrop, potential rate cuts, and the upcoming halving, there is optimism about the setup and potential benefits for investors. There is now real potential for Bitcoin to become a relevant asset for long-term-oriented investors.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/orange-pilling-wall-street

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence Bitcoin Atlantis - A Bitcoin conference in the Atlantic SwanBitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan

Lyn Alden is a macroeconomist and investment strategist. In this interview, we discuss the challenges of promoting Bitcoin and its growing acceptance in mainstream media and finance. We delve into Bitcoin scaling, the trade-offs between self-sovereignty and convenience, and the need for education to onboard new users. The episode also covers Bitcoin's role in countries with economic challenges, the empowerment it offers individuals and its transformative potential in society.

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Promoting Bitcoin is no walk in the park. We, as advocates, face resistance from various entities. The scepticism isn't surprising, given the disruptive nature of Bitcoin, but it underscores the need for persistent education to change perceptions and address the biases that often cloud the true potential of this technology. In this latest podcast with Lyn Alden, we dissect the multifaceted nature of Bitcoin, its challenges, and its profound impact on the global stage.

We discuss the marked shift in how Bitcoin is being portrayed in the media, which could signal a move towards hyperbitcoinization – the point where Bitcoin becomes the predominant form of money globally. We also touched on the impact of ETFs on Bitcoin, which could potentially bring more mainstream acceptance and investment into the cryptocurrency space.

I questioned Lyn regarding one of the most contentious topics surrounding Bitcoin i.e. its environmental impact. The energy consumption narrative has been a sticking point for critics, yet Bitcoin mining can incentivize renewable energy development and provide a use case for excess energy that would otherwise go to waste. Moreover, the positive effects of Bitcoin projects in Africa, where access to energy can be a challenge, demonstrate the nuanced relationship between Bitcoin and the environment.

A significant part of our discussion revolved around the scaling of Bitcoin and the concept of self-sovereignty. As Bitcoin grows, the base chain becomes more expensive to use, raising questions about the trade-offs between self-sovereignty and convenience. We talk about the role of the Lightning Network and the importance of education in onboarding new users. We also cover the concept of "mints", which could revolutionize the way Bitcoin is managed and distributed.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-economics-of-bitcoin-scaling

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence Bitcoin Atlantis - A Bitcoin conference in the Atlantic SwanBitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan

James Seyffart is an analyst for Bloomberg Intelligence covering ETFs, and Alex Thorn is the Head of Firmwide Research at Galaxy. In this interview, we explore the implications of the recently launched Bitcoin ETFs. We delve into the mechanics of ETF trading, analyse how ETFs might reduce Bitcoin's volatility, and speculate on the future introduction of Ethereum ETFs and their potential effects.

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There’s an old joke about waiting ages for a bus only for three to finally arrive at once. Well, after a decade of submissions, arguments and delays, 11 Bitcoin spot ETFs were given the green light by the SEC on Wednesday 10th January, then launched onto the market on Thursday 11th January where they attracted $4.6 billion in investment. This broke records for ETF investment. I have had the chance to speak to Alex Thorn and James Seyffart about this seismic event.

But what exactly are Bitcoin ETFs, and how do they function? In essence, these financial instruments allow investors to buy and sell shares that represent a certain amount of Bitcoin, so individuals can invest in Bitcoin without the complexities of directly buying, storing, and securing the asset. The value of each share is pegged to a fraction of a Bitcoin, making it more accessible to retail traders and opening the door for a broader audience to participate in the Bitcoin market.

One of the most intriguing aspects of Bitcoin ETFs is their potential to dampen the volatility of Bitcoin's spot market. A substantial portion of Bitcoin will now be held in advisor accounts, which are not prone to frequent trading. This shift could lead to more stability in the market, as Bitcoin is placed in "stronger hands." Bitcoin ETFs might also alter the pattern of surges in altcoin prices, as Bitcoin becomes less readily available for quick trades into other cryptocurrencies.

The revolutionary nature of Bitcoin and its potential to empower individuals cannot be overstated. We reflected on the need for broader support from institutions and investors to unlock Bitcoin's full potential. Regulatory challenges, such as proposed AML legislation, pose significant hurdles that could impact competitiveness, market growth and restrictions on Bitcoin's use. It's crucial therefore for ETF issuers to promote the true value of Bitcoin and oppose restrictive legislation.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-arrival-of-bitcoin-etfs

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence Bitcoin Atlantis - A Bitcoin conference in the Atlantic SwanBitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan

Aaron Van Wirdum is a Bitcoin journalist and author of ‘The Genesis Book’. In this interview, we discuss the history of Bitcoin, including the importance of consensus algorithms and public key cryptography, early scepticism towards Bitcoin from cypherpunks, Satoshi's decision to remain anonymous, and its fixed monetary policy. We also talk about the influence of Austrian economics on Bitcoin's foundation, and the significance of privacy in digital transactions.

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The esteemed journalist Aaron Van Wirdum has authored a new book on the origins of Bitcoin called ‘The Genesis Book’. Our discussion naturally focuses on the influence of Austrian economics: Aaron explains how Hayek's ideas about money supply were instrumental in shaping Bitcoin’s principles, and how the cypherpunk movement of the 90s aspired to create technologies beyond government control - echoing Hayek's vision of market-driven money.

We examine the reasons behind the failure of early digital cash projects and the lessons learned that paved the way for Bitcoin's success. Hashcash and its Proof of Work (PoW) concept, developed by Adam Back, was a key innovation contributing to the creation of Bitcoin. Equally important was the role of cypherpunks in exploring electronic scarcity and the transferability of digital cash, particularly Nick Szabo’s efforts in addressing the double spend problem.

Aaron explains how Bitcoin emerged, and the significance of its white paper in introducing a novel approach that integrated currency creation technology and consensus algorithms through PoW. Reflecting on the early days of Bitcoin, we discussed the initial reaction towards Bitcoin's proposal from the cypherpunk movement and the importance of the mailing list. We also touch upon the significance of Satoshi’s anonymity and the timing of Bitcoin's launch.

This episode is a deep dive into the confluence of history, economics, and cryptography that has shaped the world of Bitcoin and digital currency. As we explored the origins, challenges, and innovations that have led us to this point, including the critical Blocksize wars. The journey of Bitcoin is as much about the past as it is about the future. And, it's a narrative that continues to unfold.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-genesis-of-bitcoin

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence Bitcoin Atlantis - A Bitcoin conference in the Atlantic SwanBitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan

Giacomo Zucco is a Bitcoin educator, John Carvalho is CEO of Synonym, and Matt Corallo is a Bitcoin Core developer and open-source engineer at Block/Spiral. In this interview, we discuss how to scale Bitcoin while maintaining self-sovereignty.

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The best way to scale Bitcoin has been a hot topic since its inception. Whether it be through Bitcoin-backed banks as Hal Finney suggested back in 2010, increasing the throughput on the Bitcoin blockchain, layer 2 solutions like the Lightning Network, or federated custodian options like Fedimints.

Over the past year, the surge in Bitcoin transaction fees, largely attributed to the emergence of BRC20 tokens, ordinals, and inscriptions, has once again brought the topic of scaling Bitcoin to the forefront of conversation. High fees have priced smaller transactions out of the market, and the Lightning Network, hailed as a potential solution to scalability challenges, has faced some initial hurdles.

The different scaling solutions all have different trade-offs. Trustlessness and trust minimization are key tenets of Bitcoin, ensuring that users do not need to trust any central authority or third party. The Lightning Network aligns with these principles as it enables trustless, peer-to-peer transactions, reducing the need for custodial services and enhancing individual control over funds.

While Bitcoin's primary focus is on decentralization and self-sovereignty, some developments, such as the concept of the "Wallet of Satoshi" or Bitcoin ETFs, aim to make Bitcoin more accessible and user-friendly to a broader audience. Wallet of Satoshi is a custodial Lightning wallet designed to simplify the user experience, while Bitcoin ETFs provide a means for traditional investors to gain exposure to Bitcoin without directly holding the asset. These developments have the potential to expand Bitcoin's adoption, but may raise concerns about centralization and counterparty risk.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/scaling-bitcoin-with-zucco-carvalho-corallo

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your Bitcoin with confidence Bitcoin Atlantis - A Bitcoin conference in the Atlantic SwanBitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan

Rachel Geyer is Head of Education at Terahash, co-founder of Les Femmes Orange and Vice-Chair of the European Bitcoin Energy Association. In this interview, we delve into Bitcoin's role in addressing energy challenges and fostering sustainable mining practices in Europe. We also discuss the formation of the EBEA, the importance of engaging with policymakers to prevent the banning of PoW and the growth of Bitcoin communities in Europe.

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Rachel Geyer’s story is a testament to the transformative power of Bitcoin. Initially sceptical, her son's enthusiasm for the digital currency in 2017 piqued her interest. Rachel's growing fascination with Bitcoin spurred her to seek opportunities within the industry in her homeland of Germany. Her conviction that individuals should invest their talents domestically, especially in the context of Bitcoin, resonates with the idea that innovation can flourish anywhere.

We discussed the intricacies of Bitcoin within the energy sector. Rachel stressed how individuals within companies could influence decision-makers by showcasing the benefits of Bitcoin mining. She shared Terahash’s approach to showing how Bitcoin mining tackles energy challenges, including working with landfill companies and miners to create long-term, eco-friendly projects; a strategy that could have far-reaching implications for Europe's energy landscape.

Contrary to the perception that Europe lags behind the US in Bitcoin adoption, Rachel provided a compelling argument for Europe's burgeoning Bitcoin scene. She pointed to the growth of meetups and projects in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland, and the development of Bitcoin innovations across the continent. These innovations are crucial for driving adoption and showcasing Europe's unique contributions to the Bitcoin ecosystem.

Rachel also explained how Terahash is building a hash rate market for European investors, and the details behind them helping to establish the European Bitcoin Energy Association to promote the benefits of Bitcoin mining and defend Proof of Work. Collaboration is key, and Rachel emphasised the importance of engaging with policymakers, miners, and energy institutions to develop sustainable solutions.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/bitcoin-in-europe

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence Bitcoin Atlantis - A Bitcoin conference in the Atlantic SwanBitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan

Allen Farrington is the co-author of ‘Bitcoin Is Venice’ and Eric Yakes is the author of ‘The 7th Property’. In this interview, we do a deep dive into the future of the Bitcoin-centric financial system, focusing on self-sovereignty, scalability, and the future of banking. We also explore the potential of Bitcoin to serve as a superior form of money addressing issues of custody and sovereignty, and the separation of money from state influence.

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The development of Bitcoin’s ecosystem is a balancing act: making Bitcoin scale whilst ensuring it maintains its offer as a medium for self-sovereignty. In this podcast, we discuss the current trade offs being debated within the community, focusing on the impact of high transaction costs, whether the Lightning Network equates to true self-sovereignty, a growing concern that UTXO ownership might become a privilege, and the role of covenants.

The underlying issue is the potential for the community to develop a neutral financial system directed by market participants. We discuss the potential for Bitcoin to serve as a better form of money, particularly in terms of its scarcity, its speed and cost of movement benefits, and the potential for shared custody models. We address the risks and trade-offs associated with moving into a Bitcoin-centric financial system, particularly in terms of custody and sovereignty.

Eric and Alan explore the idea of reducing information asymmetry and constraints within economies, and the implications for fractional reserve systems. They emphasize the importance of creating systems that increase information transparency and reduce the likelihood of fraudulent activities. The guests also discuss the proposal for “Ark”, its prospective role in a Bitcoin financial system and its potential to address Lightning liquidity issues.

As we move forward, it's clear that the Bitcoin ecosystem is at a crossroads, with emerging technologies offering both solutions and new challenges. The path to a Bitcoin-centric financial system is fraught with technical, economic, and philosophical questions that require our collective attention and ingenuity. This podcast is a chance to hear how two of the community’s leading thinkers are collaborating to consider these complex issues.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/banking-bitcoin

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence Bitcoin Atlantis - A Bitcoin conference in the Atlantic SwanBitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan

Lyn Alden is a macroeconomist and investment strategist. In this interview, we discuss the success of Lyn's book before delving into the complexities of the current economic landscape, including the correlation between global liquidity and asset prices, notably Bitcoin. The conversation covers the bond market, inflation measures, bank insolvency issues, and the impact of fiscal policies on the economy. Lyn also shares insights on Bitcoin's price cycles.

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Lyn Alden provides a comprehensive overview of the fiscal and monetary forces shaping 2023 in this podcast. She details how the Federal Reserve's tightening measures were counterbalanced by the Treasury's actions, leading to a stabilization in global liquidity measures. This balance is crucial for understanding asset price movements, with Bitcoin's sensitivity to liquidity dynamics serving as a prime example.

We evaluated the Federal Reserve's performance, monetized fiscal deficits and the state of the bond market. Lyn acknowledged the central bank's challenges and the limitations of their tools in addressing fiscal deficits, a primary inflation driver. Despite relying on potentially outdated models and theories, the Fed has shown adaptability in adjusting policies to the economic climate. Albeit, the level of public debt and deficits may limit the central bank's control.

Lyn posits that inflation, driven by unresolved fiscal issues and energy dynamics, could define the next decade. She discussed the historical context of high inflation and the role of gold and Bitcoin as hedges against currency crises, noting the increasing institutional interest in these alternative assets.

We covered the outlook for Bitcoin in 2024, with Lyn underscoring the importance of viewing its price in logarithmic form, revealing a pattern of resilience and potential normalization among institutions. We also discussed the need for scaling solutions in Bitcoin to make interactions with the asset easier, cheaper, and more efficient. Lyn mentioned the possibility of soft forks and covenants, aiming to empower hubs in the Bitcoin network and improve the user experience.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/2024-the-year-of-the-bitcoin-bull

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence Bitcoin Atlantis - A Bitcoin conference in the Atlantic SwanBitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan

Fran Finney is the widow of the legendary Hal Finney, who received the first Bitcoin transaction. In this interview, we discuss her husband's impact, their life together, and his battle with ALS. We also talk about the importance of Bitcoin, the challenges Hal and her faced due to harassment, and the concept of cryopreservation. The conversation also touches on the significance of fundraising for ALS research and how the Bitcoin community can contribute to this cause.

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Hal Finney was not only the first person to receive a Bitcoin transaction (Satoshi sent him 10 Bitcoins in January 2009 as a test), he was also the first person after Satoshi to download and run Bitcoin software. Hal came across the Bitcoin whitepaper through a Cypherpunks mailing list. As a champion of personal privacy, he saw the potential for Bitcoin to provide for censorship-resistant transactions.

Driven by his concerns about government overreach in the digital age, Hal became a pioneer in the world of cryptography, gaining recognition for his part in the development of PGP. He was also part of a band of cypherpunks trying to develop a new form of money providing personal sovereignty. Hal co-authored the first paper detailing the concept of reusable cryptographic proofs of work, which would later be adapted in Bitcoin.

Hal famously walked away from Bitcoin for a full year. During that time he was diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Despite the debilitating nature of the disease, Finney continued to work tirelessly on Bitcoin's development until his passing on August 28, 2014. His untimely death left behind a legacy of innovation and a lasting impact on the foundation of the digital currency landscape.

Despite his personal struggles, Hal Finney's intellect and relentless pursuit of knowledge cemented his place as a legendary figure in the world of cryptography and Bitcoin. In this podcast, I talk to Fran Finney, who is tirelessly committed to honouring his memory by raising funds for ALS victims and advocating for increased understanding of the disease.

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ALS Golden West Running Bitcoin Challenge

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/running-bitcoin-with-fran-finney

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats SwanBitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan

Peter Van Valkenburgh is director of research at Coin Center. In this interview, we discuss Coin Center's role in educating lawmakers, analysing policy proposals, and advocating for reasonable regulations. Peter talks about their current lawsuits against the US Treasury and IRS, challenging the misapplication of tax and sanctions regulations. We also cover the changing dynamics of political support for Bitcoin and the challenges posed by figures like Senator Elizabeth Warren.

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Coin Center has been at the forefront of cryptocurrency policy issues since it launched in 2014. Initially, their work was focused on educating lawmakers about Bitcoin and blockchain technology. They addressed concerns about money laundering, emphasised the importance of privacy and speech rights, and explained the technology's potential. However, over time, Coin Center's work has expanded to include policy research and analysis.

The non-profit group now examines how existing laws apply to crypto, and they promote reasonable regulations that protect innovation and constitutional rights. They also engage in lobbying efforts, presenting Congress with preferred solutions to policy problems. When these efforts are unsuccessful, they resort to lawsuits. Currently, they have two lawsuits against the US Treasury and IRS, challenging tax regulations and sanctions that harm privacy rights.

In this podcast, we discussed the split opinions regarding crypto in US politics. Peter explained that the narrative around digital assets has shifted, partly due to influential figures like Senator Elizabeth Warren taking an anti-crypto stance, and partly due to the reputation damage caused by various actors in the space. We also discussed the emerging regulatory threats such as the use of the Bank Secrecy Act to impose strict regulations on core infrastructure providers.

All of this work obviously has to be paid for. While Coin Center is financially stable, donations are still crucial as there will be more lawsuits and lobbying efforts in the future: for example, Coin Center may raise a future lawsuit challenging legislation that classifies Bitcoin miners as regulated entities. And, you can sign up for Coin Center’s newsletter to find out the other ways you can help them play a crucial role in shaping a robust future for digital assets.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-unconstitutional-attack-on-privacy-with-peter-van-valkenburgh

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats SwanBitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan

Whitney Webb is an independent investigative journalist who founded Unlimited Hangout, which covers intelligence, tech, surveillance and civil liberties. In this interview, we discuss the importance of independent journalism, the challenges of media manipulation and the rise of tyranny. We also talk about the risks of AI, the influence of powerful figures like Elon Musk and the need for public scrutiny, and the potential co-opting of Bitcoin by powerful institutions.

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Whitney Webb left mainstream media to pursue independent investigative journalism, a decision driven by her commitment to sharing accurate information and encouraging readers to do their own research. In this interview, she highlighted the lack of coverage on certain topics by both mainstream and independent media. Whitney also emphasized the need to question the actions of those in power who have never been held accountable.

We discussed the current state of the world, including the potential for global conflict and the rise of tyranny. Many people questioned the motives behind certain decisions made during the pandemic and raised concerns about the manipulation of information and the control exerted by those in power. We delved into the potential dangers of AI controlling and curating online content, as well as the cognitive impact of relying too heavily on AI.

Our conversation shifted to the topic of Elon Musk and his mixed reputation. We questioned his true motivations and the extent of his influence, raising concerns about his ties to the government and his involvement in censorship on Twitter. Whitney highlighted the need to scrutinize the actions of powerful figures like Musk and not blindly trust their words.

Finally, we talked about the potential co-opting of Bitcoin by powerful institutions and the need for people in the Bitcoin space to be aware of this. Whitney focused on the importance of personal responsibility and being aware of the push to regulate the internet and the destruction of the existing financial system. Powerful interests take advantage of events to grab more power, but their power grab can only succeed if we consent and give in to fear and panic.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-end-of-the-world-as-we-know-it

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats SwanBitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan

Jeff Booth is the Author of The Price of Tomorrow & General Partner at Ego Death Capital and Alex Gladstein is Chief Strategy Officer at the Human Rights Foundation. In this interview, we discuss the devastating effects of currency devaluation, the systemic issues of exploitation, debt, and inequality, and the potential of Bitcoin to provide economic hope and empowerment.

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In mid-November, the Malawian government announced a sharp devaluation of its currency, which resulted in instant price increases for commodities such as fuel and electricity of 40%. This has devastating effects on people already struggling to make ends meet. To add further insult, there is a serious lack of transparency in the process. The injustice of the situation is glaring, with no one held accountable for the harm caused by the devaluation.

Our conversation touched on the hidden nature of modern-day slavery disguised as economics. We highlighted how the West's living standards are based on stealing resources and exploiting cheap labour from countries like Malawi. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) plays a role in ensuring cheap goods for the West, but their public statements focus on stabilising the world and reducing poverty.

We also discussed the issue of wages in sub-Saharan African countries, which have not recovered from their peak in the 1970s. The impact of debt and interest payments on these countries' budgets is ruinous, with a significant percentage of their annual budget going towards paying off debt. The entire global economic system is based on theft, and the uncomfortable truth is that the rate of theft influences economic conditions in the West.

Bitcoin, as a decentralised system, reveals the truth about what is happening in the world. Bitcoin allows individuals to protect themselves from devaluation and move into a system that doesn't constantly steal their wages. We were fortunate to see how Bitcoin can bring positive change to countries like Malawi, where Bitcoin mining is enabling a remote village to utilise hydro energy to power the village and generate income.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/bitcoin-a-30000ft-view

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats SwanBitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan

Perianne Boring is the Founder and CEO of the Chamber of Digital Commerce. In this interview, we discuss Senator Elizabeth Warren's stance on crypto, her proposed anti-crypto legislation and the status of Bitcoin ETFs. We talk about the political system, the influence of special interest groups and the need for reform. Perinanne explains why engagement with policymakers is critical, and how she is fighting for the future of Bitcoin and the digital asset industry.

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Senator Warren has made a name for herself as a progressive Democrat who champions consumer protection. Following the Great Financial Crisis, but before entering the Senate, Warren proposed and established the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, and then served as President Obama’s special advisor for the Bureau. Since being elected as a Senator for Massachusetts, she has been a prominent critic of the banking sector.

More recently, Warren has arguably become the staunchest anti-crypto politician, a shift that has left many confused. In this podcast, Perianne Boring uses her knowledge of the system in DC to try and understand Warren’s stance. The working assumption is that some of her motivation is driven by the incentive to generate news coverage, attention and political donations. The result is retrograde proposals such as the ‘Digital Asset Anti-Money Laundering Legislation’.

Organisations such as the Chamber of Digital Commerce, have made great efforts to educate Warren and her office about the industry's efforts to combat illicit finance. However, Senator Warren seemingly lacks an understanding of the technology behind Bitcoin and crypto. The organisations involved are left with the impression that there hasn't been a good-faith effort on Warren’s part to understand the facts and technology.

My discussion with Perianne covered the more fundamental issue of a broken political system and the subsequent negative impact on voter trust in the political process. We discussed the challenges faced by third-party candidates in the current system and the emergence of new political groups. We also cover the mechanisms, such as impeachment or recall, to hold politicians accountable for their actions, and why these aren’t seen as being effective.

Finally, we discussed the vital work being undertaken on the ground in Washington. They are fighting for the future of Bitcoin and the digital asset industry in part by lobbying against policies that could hinder the growth of Bitcoin and blockchain technology in the US. Perianne emphasized the importance of the Bitcoin community having a voice in Washington, as the industry is still relatively small compared to more established legacy industries.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/elizabeth-warrens-anti-bitcoin-agenda

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats SwanBitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan

Erik Hersman is a co-founder of Gridless. In this interview, we discuss Africa, focusing on economic issues like inflation, devaluation and people’s struggles to make a living. We talk about Bitcoin’s potential to create economic opportunities in Africa, the importance of building products that meet the needs of people and provide real value, and the use of mobile money. Finally, we cover Bitcoin mining in Africa and its impact on energy infrastructure.

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On previous podcasts, we’ve had the pleasure of interviewing Erik Hersman to better understand how his company, Gridless, is partnering with East African communities in need of energy to provide subsidised power using Bitcoin mining. Last week we had the incredible honour of being invited to visit one of Gridless’s operational sites in Malawi. This will be included in a forthcoming film we will release in 2024. But, we used the opportunity to record another interview with Erik.

Being here, in person, allowed us to gain a better understanding of the context and ask relevant questions. We were not just discussing abstract concepts; we were seeing them first-hand and interviewing people on the ground. As per our previous podcast with Femi Longe, this interview has provided us with valuable insights into the Bitcoin story in Africa.

We delved into the challenges and complexities of addressing the historical and current inequalities between Western countries and Africa, and why such inequalities are being allowed to perpetuate. Erik and I talk about why there is a belief in the potential of Bitcoin to create economic opportunities in Africa. We covered the challenges of implementing Bitcoin-focused initiatives, the need for a comprehensive plan and how Bitcoin adoption in Africa.

Erik emphasized the importance of building products that meet the needs of people and provide value in their lives, rather than creating products based on assumptions or fantasies. We consider some of the plenty of examples of unique innovations utilising Bitcoin across Africa that address real needs. We also cover the concerns of government surveillance of mobile money that Bitcoin could help address.

Finally, Erik explained how Gridless has helped communities in Kenya and Malawi increase their usage of hydropower. This has led to financial and energy sustainability for such communities, but more fundamentally, it has also provided families with electricity for the first time. Erik emphasised the amazing potential for Bitcoin mining to bootstrap renewable energy infrastructure in Africa. As he stated “There's nothing to fight against here. It's good for everyone.”

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/bitcoin-vs-economic-imperialism

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats SwanBitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan

Femi Longe is program director for Btrust Builders, which educates developers in Africa about Bitcoin. In this interview, we discuss societal issues faced by people in different parts of the world, the economic imperialism hampering emerging economies, and the challenges Africans face in accessing the global financial system. We also talk about the impact of external powers on Africa and the potential of Bitcoin to change the global financial conversation.

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Femi Longe has extensive experience in promoting transformative innovation across Africa to drive social change. It was perhaps inevitable that he would end up working within the Bitcoin ecosystem. Currently, through his work for Btrust Builders, Femi is helping to build a critical mass of Bitcoin and Lightning engineers from the Global South starting with Africa.

This podcast explores how the global system is designed in a way that prevents emerging economies from thriving. The conversation shines a light on the damaging effects of economic imperialism upon the Global South, best expressed in Alex Gladstein's work. External powers, such as the World Bank and IMF, often prioritise their interests over the well-being of African people.

Femi and I also discussed the numerous practical challenges faced by Africans in accessing global commerce. Companies like Western Union and MoneyGram take a significant cut from remittance transactions (with the US government even requesting information on transactions from these platforms), and there are significant limitations placed on Africans trying to access financial services such as PayPal across borders.

Africa’s problems are compounded by the influence of outside powers: the historical fragmentation of Africa by European powers has made it difficult for African countries to come together and collaborate effectively; latterly, international aid to Africa has distorted local markets and influenced government spending, often to benefit Western businesses at the expense of African countries.

Femi sees Bitcoin as an opportunity for Africans to change the conversation and have a stake in the global financial system, as it cannot be controlled by external powers. He aims to empower Africans to engage with Bitcoin as producers, rather than just consumers, by training developers and connecting them to open-source projects. That way Bitcoin can be integrated into real-life scenarios that are important to people.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/bitcoin-in-africa

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats SwanBitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan

Marty Bent is a Venture Partner at Ten31 and founder of the Bitcoin-focused media company TFTC.io, Thomas Pacchia is a Bitcoin entrepreneur and co-owner of the NY Bitcoin bar Pubkey, and James McAvity is the founder and CEO of the Bitcoin Mining company Cormint. In this interview, we discuss Bitcoin’s potential future, its interaction with financial institutions, the challenges and risks of the Bitcoin mining industry, and why Texas is favourable for Bitcoin.

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It is no surprise that a podcast with three eminent Bitcoiners will cover a lot of ground, and yet, the discussions on this show cover a myriad of fascinating topics that are the subject of fervent debate within the community. The initial debate focused on whether users will continue to pay high fees, the operational constraints and cash flow concerns of a growing network, and the issues affecting the adoption of Lightning and Liquid.

We talked about the profitability and health of the mining ecosystem, exploring the idea of miners cooperating to reduce electricity consumption while maintaining the same revenue. We also touched on the possibility of chip manufacturers restricting supply and the potential commodification of ASICs.

Our speakers provided their opinions on the future of Bitcoin and its scalability. We explored the concept of self-sovereignty with Bitcoin, the potential need for multi-institution custody solutions, the importance of maintaining the 21 million supply cap and ensuring mining is sufficiently distributed.

We discussed the potential future of Bitcoin and its interaction with financial institutions, speculating that the institutions offering the best monetary utility, such as fast settlement and low costs, will likely win the battle for user trust. The conversation raised the prospect that Bitcoin exchanges will need exposure to mining in order to provide liquidity to their users.

The impact of the Chinese hashrate and the centralised market for mining hardware and software on the mining industry was covered. Our guests explained the challenges and risks associated with entering the mining industry, specifically, the effect of the upcoming Bitcoin halving, volatile power prices and weather conditions upon Bitcoin mining. We also discussed why Texas is viewed as a favourable environment for the Bitcoin industry.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/bitcoin-mining-game-theory

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats SwanBitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan

Bob Burnett is the Chairman and CEO of Barefoot Mining. In this interview, we discuss his transition from the PC industry to Bitcoin and his passion for Bitcoin mining. Bob explains the complexities of mining, its potential future and the role of fees in sustaining the industry. We also talk about the scarcity of block space in the Bitcoin network, the importance of the Lightning Network, the early years of Bitcoin and the public’s current perception of Bitcoin.

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Bob Burnett shared his fascinating journey, from his work on developing one of the world's first laptop computers to his current involvement in the Bitcoin industry. Bob drew parallels between the personal computer and Bitcoin, emphasizing the role of technologists like Satoshi Nakamoto in pushing society forward and ushering in new eras, and the different motivations of technologists and capitalists.

Bob initially designed Ethereum mining servers but eventually pivoted towards Bitcoin due to his dissatisfaction with Ethereum. He expressed his admiration for the technological brilliance of Bitcoin and the ongoing process of uncovering its layers. Bob shared his passion for Bitcoin mining, and his mission as a technologist and systems “guy” who wants to contribute to building a monetary system that will last for a thousand years.

We discussed the intricacies of the Bitcoin mining industry. Bob explained the mining trilemma, i.e. the challenge of combining the three fundamental factors that need to come together to build a mining site: a consistent and competitive source of energy, mining equipment, and money. We also discussed the impact of changes to Bitcoin’s price on the mining industry, the importance of collaboration, the need for diversity and the dangers of monopolies.

The podcast delved into the scarcity of block space in the Bitcoin network and its implications. Current block space is limited and cannot accommodate everyone who wants to transact on the base layer. This poses a challenge for individuals who want to store their Bitcoin securely and be self-sovereign. We covered the importance of Lightning Network as a solution to allow more people to access and use Bitcoin.

Finally, we reflected on the early years of Bitcoin and the upcoming changes in fees. We also talked about the perception of Bitcoin among those who are unfamiliar with it, and the challenge of bridging the gap between what people think about Bitcoin and the reality. However, in terms of the famous saying “show, don’t tell”, it’s the efforts of people like Bob, working to serve people around the world, that will go a long way to enlightening people on the value of Bitcoin.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-bitcoin-mining-trilemma

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats SwanBitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan

Gary Leland is the founder of the BitBlockBoom Bitcoin conference. In this interview, we discuss the importance of Bitcoin conferences, how to organise, market and run Bitcoin events, and Gary’s path to Bitcoin. We also talk about approaches to Bitcoin investment and spending, our entrepreneurial journeys, travel experiences and approaches to parenting. The conversation concludes with a discussion about football and the offside rule!

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Gary Leland is a seasoned entrepreneur, Bitcoin enthusiast and podcaster with whom I have a lot in common: we have shared experiences, insights, and lessons learned, and we are now both Bitcoin conference organisers! Albeit, I have a long way to go to match Gary’s impact, given the BitBlockBoom event in Texas next year will be his 7th consecutive conference.

The positive influence such conferences have on the Bitcoin community can not be understated. Gary's journey into Bitcoin began at the Texas Bitcoin Conference, which sparked his interest in the concept of Bitcoin as an internet protocol for money. This led him to invest in Bitcoin and become a staunch advocate.

We discussed the importance of Bitcoin in relation to our upcoming events. While the price of Bitcoin can influence ticket sales, we agreed that it alone won't determine the success of the conference. We shared our experiences of selling tickets with Bitcoin and how it has impacted our sales. Gary mentioned that he had more Bitcoin sales for his previous conference, even when the price was down.

Concerning Bitcoin investment and spending, Gary compared his approach to holding onto his Bitcoin to being like a "crack addict," not wanting to dip into his stack unless absolutely necessary! He believes in using Bitcoin for things he couldn't afford otherwise, like gifts for others or a house for himself.

Gary shared his entrepreneurial journey to where he is now, which is a testament to resilience and learning from failures. Gary reflected on how running his Bitcoin event, BitBlockBoom, has given him a different perspective on Bitcoin. He believes that being involved with the event has allowed him to connect with a larger network of people than the average person. It has also connected him to me and allowed me to explain football’s offside rule, so, every silver lining…

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/driving-bitcoin-forward

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats SwanBitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan

John Carvalho is CEO of Synonym, a Bitcoin and Lightning Network service provider. In this interview, we discuss the potential impact of ETFs, the culture of Bitcoin developers, and the risks associated with AI technology. We also talk about the importance of understanding and investing in the Bitcoin protocol, the inefficiency in how relays are handled in the Bitcoin community, and the vision of Synonym for a post-Bitcoin digital economy.

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John Carvalho is one of the Bitcoin industry’s best advocates because of his unwavering commitment to its ideology and his high standards regarding its treatment and development. The last time I interviewed him was over three and a half years ago, so it was an honour to have him back on the podcast to ask him about a variety of current issues important to the Bitcoin community.

The first topic of discussion was Bitcoin ETFs, which John sees this as a corrupting force within the Bitcoin community; he criticises Bitcoiners who only support things they think will increase the value of their holdings. John also fears ETFs could be used by the state or major banks to manipulate the price of Bitcoin. Instead of buying ETFs, he believes people should educate themselves about holding the underlying asset themselves.

John also raises concerns about the increasing fragmentation within the Bitcoin community and how it may be dangerous for the base ethos of Bitcoin. He mentions that the culture of the Bitcoin mailing list has changed, with newer members constantly pushing for complexity and change. He explains that engineers are focused on solving their own problems rather than addressing the needs of Bitcoin users.

We discuss the cultural issues among Bitcoin developers. John suggests some experienced developers may be tired after years of battling and facing criticism. Also, younger developers may be trying to make a name for themselves and leave their mark on Bitcoin, which could contribute to the cultural problem. John acknowledges that not all core developers exhibit this behaviour, but he has had private conversations with some who confirm his observations.

John then brings up his interest in AI development, particularly in using ChatGPT and Midjourney. He mentions seeing both opportunities and fears in the fast-moving AI field. John also explains the concept of the atomic economy, which is Synonym's vision for a post-Bitcoin digital economy. He emphasises that it's not just about hyper-bitcoinization, but about creating a mental model for what replaces big tech, big banks, and big state.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-road-to-digital-serfdom

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats SwanBitcoin - Invest in Bitcoin with Swan

Caitlin Long is the Founder and CEO of Custodia bank. In this interview, we discuss the financial system's instability, the impact of COVID-19, and the role of the Federal Reserve. We talk about the different types of banks, the stability of the banking system, the history of debt reduction by US presidents and the role of interest rates. The podcast also covers the power of federal bank regulators, the divide among Americans on various social issues and the potential of Bitcoin.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has undeniably shaken the financial world. The Federal Reserve played a crucial role in stabilizing the banking system during this period. As with many other central banks, the Fed printed large amounts of money. However, we are still dealing with the serious consequences of the measures taken: high inflation has been generated, long-term treasuries have seen historic sell-offs, and there are concerns over the impact on the US Dollar.

In this podcast with the Wall Street veteran Caitlin Long, we discuss the banking system in the wake of the unprecedented economic events that occurred as a result of the pandemic. We cover the significance of the separation of banking and commerce, and the differentiation between community banks, regional banks, and global systemically important banks. Caitlin explains the interplay between counterparty credit risk, bank runs and banking insolvency.

We discuss the price of borrowing money, which Caitlin views as being the most important price in the economy. It determines how capital is allocated across time and industries. However, A good price of capital is hard to determine, and this price is often manipulated. Further, there has been a recent shift in focus from making money to wealth preservation in light of the devastating effects of inflation on people's lives, which materially affects capital markets.

We also cover Caitlin’s firm Custodia Bank and their Bitcoin custody platform. Despite concerns about the banking system, Caitlin explains that she is building a bank because she believes traditional finance and Bitcoin need to coexist. She discusses the need for a bridge between the two systems to ensure they don't harm each other, whilst marrying their respective attributes: the strong customer protections that come from being a bank with the best form of money.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-debt-tsunami

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats

Steve Barbour is the president of the Bitcoin mining infrastructure company Upstream Data. In this interview, we discuss the intricacies of Bitcoin mining, the potential of off-grid Bitcoin mining for oil companies and the growing economic importance of Bitcoin mining. We also talk about the potential of integrating Bitcoin mining with power generation, the geopolitical implications of the shift in Bitcoin mining dominance from China to the US and the future of this sector.

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As the President of Upstream Data, Steve Barbour’s company specialises in building off-grid Bitcoin mining operations for the oil and gas industry looking to utilise otherwise flared or vented methane emissions. The company started by mining Bitcoin itself, but they have now shifted its focus to selling equipment and services to other companies and individuals interested in self-mining.

The podcast covers a wide range of topics, beginning with the intricacies of Bitcoin mining economics. Steve explains the importance of the swings in hash rate and the hash price and the importance of forecasting for making sound business decisions.

We also delve into the ongoing battle between two subsets of the Bitcoin economy: merchants and miners. While merchants prefer low fees to avoid congestion, miners favour high fees for increased revenue. The role of custodians in the Bitcoin ecosystem is also a critical topic: the importance of self-custody and holding your own keys is clear, but it is also recognized that not everyone will be able to achieve this.

We discussed the importance of building a good reputation in the international mining industry. Upstream Data is also concerned about domestic issues as a Canadian company. We therefore talked about the challenges and frustrations faced by Canada, a resource-rich country that should be wealthy but isn't due to various factors. Steve set out his thoughts on the potential for change within the country.

Finally, Steve set out his view on the future of Bitcoin mining and the important voice miners have in the Bitcoin community. There are potential technology advancements that could impact Bitcoin mining, including material science improvements for semiconductors, which could lead to improved efficiency and new applications.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/bitcoin-mining-economics

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats

Robert F. Kennedy Jr. is a 2024 US presidential candidate. In this interview, we discuss his decision to run independently, his plans to unify the country, and his concerns about the media's role in fueling division. Kennedy discusses the fairness doctrine, the chronic disease epidemic, and the state of the country. We also talk about concerns regarding CBDCs and the potential dangers of AI technologies.

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The Kennedy’s are one of the most significant political families in the history of the United States. Robert F. Kennedy Jr. is the latest in a long line of influential public figures coming from this unique dynasty. Following in the footsteps of his father and uncles, RFK Jr. aspires to run for high office. The podcast starts by discussing his decision to run as an independent presidential candidate, which he feels has enabled him to engage with a broader range of constituents.

RFK Jr. set out his plans to unify the country by addressing the pervasive dishonesty by institutions that were once trustworthy. RFK Jr. shares the concerns of his father that the country has become a military-industrial complex, eroding democracy and leading to a corrupt merger of state and corporate power. RFK Jr. evokes his father's success in uniting people during a similarly divided time in the late 1960s by focusing on common values.

Our conversation also covers the influence of the media, particularly in the context of the repeal of the fairness doctrine in the late 1980’s. RKF Jr. believes that this event had a detrimental impact on the state of the country and the media's role in it: the doctrine was put in place to ensure a well-educated public and prevent the control of media by a single entity; its repeal led to media consolidation and the loss of impartial news reporting.

This conversation with RFK Jr. was a deep dive into the mind of a man who is not afraid to challenge the status quo and speak his truth. His commitment to honesty, unity, and the preservation of freedom is a refreshing perspective in today's political landscape.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/rfk-jr-on-media-us-debt-bitcoin

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats

Vivek Ramaswamy is a 2024 US presidential candidate. In this interview, we discuss Vivek’s decision to run for president, his experiences in the corporate world and his belief in American ideals like free speech and meritocracy. Vivek outlines his plans to reduce government size, address national debt and protect individual wealth. We also talk about the importance of constitutional principles and why he may be the most pro-Bitcoin candidate in American history.

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Vivek Ramaswamy has had a massive impact on the Republican primaries. A relative novice in a field of candidates dominated by Republican big hitters like DeSantis, Haley, Christie and Pence, Vivek has rapidly taken his place amongst the leading contenders for the Republican presidential nomination with a largely self-funded campaign. In some polls, Vivek has placed second behind Trump.

A former biotech CEO, Vivek has decided to enter politics as a means to drive change. He states this decision came after witnessing a suffocating environment in corporate America. Vivek's journey into politics is not a conventional one. He is not a career politician, nor does he come from a high-profile business background. Instead, he believes he is an outsider with a unique set of attributes who can offer a viable alternative to the status quo.

We discuss his belief that a strand of progressivism has been weaponized as a deflection tool by those in power to avoid accountability for their failures. Vivek emphasises that his critique of “woke” ideology is not specifically directed at the left, but is based on a reaction to the dangers posed by the merger of state, corporate, and institutional power. All the while, the critical issues being faced by the country, such as drug addiction and the neglect of cities, continue to exacerbate.

Vivek outlines his plan to reduce the size of the federal government by 75% and suggests that the US president has the power to do so on day one. He believes in zero-based budgeting and illustrates the need to reassess the necessity of each budget item from the ground up. He also criticises the trillions of dollars spent on foreign wars and proposes a policy of not providing foreign aid to countries with lower national debt per capita than the United States.

We also discuss the importance of protecting individual wealth and Vivek’s advocacy for Bitcoin. His comprehensive crypto policy includes restoring constitutional principles such as protecting the freedom to code, financial self-reliance and the freedom to innovate. And, for a community where signal is everything, it’s important to note that he’s the first Republican politician to enable Bitcoin lightning donations, and he could also be the first-ever presidential candidate to own Bitcoin.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/bitcoin-on-the-ballot

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats

Stephan Livera is the host of the Stephan Livera Podcast, and head of education at Swan Bitcoin. In this interview, we discuss Argentina’s newly elected Libertarian President, Javier Milei. We talk about his policies, dollarisation, abolition of the central bank and whether he can truly tame Argentina's inflation problem.

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A few days ago Javier Milei became the world's first anarcho-capitalist leader after his success in Argentina's recent elections. The win signals a big shift in the country's political ideology and economic ambition. His campaign promised to bring libertarian principles for a nation tired of economic troubles & ready for change.

Milei ran his campaign on defunding and dismantling government bureaucracies, abolition of the central bank, and a mass privatisation of state enterprises and dollarization, in an attempt to stabilise Argentina's chronic high-inflation. While these are radical changes, radical may be exactly what Argentina needs and he struck a chord with voters desperate for a departure from perpetual economic crises.

As perhaps the most well-known libertarian politician since Ron Paul, all eyes will be on Milei over the next four years. Can he bring economic stability to Argentina? Will he be able to navigate the political structures without becoming corrupted? Will he really follow through on dismantling the government? And, will this usher in a new wave of Libertarian politicians across the world?

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/mileis-argentine-revolution

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats

Steven McClurg is a Co-Founder of Valkyrie Investments. In this interview, we discuss the North American Bitcoin Summit, speculation about SEC approval of Bitcoin ETFs, and the potential advantages of having the first approved ETF. The conversation also covers the US government's debt and its effect on the economy, the concept of inflation and its potential impact, the influence of BlackRock and state involvement in Bitcoin, and future Bitcoin adoption.

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One of the hot topics at the North American Bitcoin Summit was the speculation surrounding the approval of Bitcoin ETFs by the SEC. I was fortunate to be able to have a new interview with Valkyrie Investments CIO Steven McClurg, who provided insight into the SEC's decision-making process, how the SEC will likely batch the approval of ETFs, the role of BlackRock in changing the SEC's stance, and the impact of the speculation on Bitcoin’s price.

Our conversation moved on to cover the US government's debt and its impact on the economy. The elephant in the room is the increasing pressure debt servicing applies to the US government finances, particularly in the wake of interest rate rises. Steve focused on the concern that the government seems to have little political incentives to solve the debt problem, as politicians are focused on getting reelected rather than addressing long-term issues.

We discussed the compounding effect of inflation, and how even a small increase in inflation can have significant consequences over time. The rising costs of groceries, fuel, and housing, are materially affecting people's ability to invest and save. Whilst we are veterans of believing Bitcoin provides financial protection, it seems like prominent financiers such as Larry Fink, BlackRock’s CEO, are also considering Bitcoin as a solution to the current economic situation.

The podcast concluded with a discussion on the potential for government investment in Bitcoin. We speculated on the amount of Bitcoin owned by El Salvador and its potential value. We touched on the seizure of Bitcoin by US police and how the government has dealt with these seizures. Finally, Steve and I talked about whether other countries are likely to be acquiring Bitcoin. It may be very soon that all countries realise that they don’t have enough!

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/macro-fed-pivot-bitcoin

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats

Parker Lewis is a Bitcoin writer and educator and Head of Business Development at Zaprite. In this interview, we discuss the 2023 North American Blockchain Summit in Fort Worth, the benefits and challenges of Bitcoin payments, and the potential of Bitcoin becoming a critical rail for global payments. We also talk about the risks of the traditional banking system, the urgency needed to fix the current monetary system, and how Bitcoin's fixed supply could potentially help.

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This is another podcast I have made in the shadow of the impressive North American Blockchain Summit 2023 in Fort Worth, Texas. It’s a great opportunity to catch up with some of the best minds within Bitcoin such as the amazing Parker Lewis!

We got quickly into the weeds of Bitcoin payments and the challenges of managing multiple lightning wallets for different purposes. Parker set out how the product he’s helping develop, Zaprite, aims to resolve this problem by providing a seamless payment experience, allowing funds to be directed to different lightning wallets or accounts. We also touched on the importance of creating a unified experience between fiat and Bitcoin payments to encourage adoption.

Our discussion delved into the risks and challenges associated with traditional banking systems and the importance of Bitcoin as a solution. The system needs resilience, which Bitcoin provides. Further, the speed and simplicity of Bitcoin stands in stark contrast to the inefficiencies and delays involved in traditional banking. Parker explained that Bitcoin also serves as insurance at an individual level for currency failure and as an insurance policy for businesses.

We explored the concept of the 21 million fixed supply of Bitcoin, and that by understanding why Bitcoin solves the problem of purchasing power, people can then understand how it can also solve other problems, such as the risk of banks failing, the fragility of the legacy payment system and providing an actual solution to inflation.

Parker believes there is an urgent need to fix the current monetary system, comparing it to a flood requiring immediate attention. He believes that those who understand Bitcoin should prioritise working on it rather than other projects. This podcast is therefore a call to arms for those who value the importance of Bitcoin in today's digital age. Bitcoin has the potential to not only revolutionise traditional banking but to save the monetary system as a whole.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/bitcoin-for-banking-failures

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats

Lee Bratcher is the President of the Texas Blockchain Council. In this interview, we discuss Bitcoin mining in Texas, the North American Blockchain Summit 2023 and the regulatory challenges miners face. We also talk about the potential impact of politicians embracing Bitcoin, the importance of mainstream media presence at the upcoming conference, and efforts to attract professionals to Bitcoin events.

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This podcast was made before the start of the Texas Bitcoin Summit in Fort Worth, which started yesterday and runs through until Friday. The summit is expected to be the biggest one yet, with over a thousand attendees and a focus on mining. And this year the Texas Blockchain Council has excelled at attracting some major political figures, including RFK, Vivek Ramaswamy, Ted Cruz, Cynthia Lummis, Andrew Yang and Warren Davidson.

Texas seems to understand Bitcoin better than other states, which is attributable in part to the independent thinking and educational efforts in the state. The Texas Bitcoin mining industry is a catalyst for Bitcoin mining across the world, leading the way in developing use cases such as demand response grid balancing services and the incentivisation for the build-out of renewable energy.

However, the path to wider acceptance of mining in Texas has not been foregone, and the future is still uncertain. The challenges the industry has faced have been significant. For example, Senate Bill 1751 in Texas sought to ban miners from the very same ancillary services that have benefitted ERCOT’s grid balancing objectives. These efforts have been pushed by traditional legacy industries in Texas aided by their strategy of regulatory capture.

Traditional industries such as steel mills and petrochemical refineries have been frustrated by Bitcoin miners bidding down the price for demand response services (which in turn has benefits consumers). The bill passed unanimously in the Senate. The fact the bill was ultimately killed in the House was thanks in large part to the efforts of the Texas Blockchain Council under Lee Bratcher’s presidency.

The issue highlights the problem of getting a political consensus on Bitcoin. Elizabeth Warren, for one, makes it difficult for Democrats to openly support Bitcoin. However, a few Democrats are showing a more practical and nuanced understanding. And, being anti-Bitcoin will become a risky position to take in the future due to generational-led shifts in opinions. Until then, it’s up to bodies like the Texas Blockchain Council to continue to fight for Bitcoin.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/ensuring-bitcoin-wins

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats

Robert Breedlove is a philosopher and podcaster within the Bitcoin space. In this interview, we discuss the Alliance for Responsible Citizenship (ARC) conference, the anti-woke movement, cultural Marxism, and the origins of certain ideologies. We also delve into the impact of COVID-19, the role of politics in societal change, the influence of taxation and inflation on the economy, and the potential of Bitcoin as a solution to many of these issues.

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Normative behaviour in society at any one time may be codified such that it appears to be a natural law: behaviour, dress, language, and demeanour are perceived to be as fixed as biological traits. However, culture is merely a template for expectations in a social group. Acceptable conduct is malleable. The history of civilisation is full of profound shifts in cultural social behaviour and societal norms.

It is not uncommon for marginal groups within society to test the paradigm. However, we do appear to be at a rare inflection point. Society is split between two equally powerful ideologies, both of which lay claim to the cultural elite mantle. Wokeism, whilst being criticised by some as being a lazy pejorative for a wide range of progressive liberal opinions, does have roots in an understandable backlash against the promotion of identity politics and cancel culture.

Robert Breedlove however views wokeism as another form of cultural Marxism funded by the state. In this podcast, he suggested that it is a divide-and-conquer strategy to create a demand for stronger governance. We discussed whether the development of these ideologies is organic or intentional. Robert leaned towards the latter, comparing it to the romantic lies told throughout history to justify theft.

Robert explained his perspective on the influence of Marxism on the social institutions of the West. He believes that Marxism seeks to abolish private property, which he sees as the foundation of civilization and justice. He also connects the rise of cultural Marxism with the increasing violation of private property rights.

When asked about the solution to these issues, Robert proposed that making property harder to violate is crucial. He sees Bitcoin as a potential solution, as it provides inviolable private property rights. With a Bitcoin standard, the state's ability to print money would be limited, reducing their revenue source and potentially leading to a more peaceful and prosperous world by creating less incentive for people to politic and more incentive for them to produce.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/life-liberty-the-pursuit-of-bitcoin

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats

Alex Thorn is the Head of Firmwide Research at Galaxy. In this interview, we discuss a range of topics including Galaxy’s sponsorship of Real Bedford FC, the growing trend of Bitcoin sponsorship in sports and the current state of the hip-hop music industry. We also talk about Bitcoin, including factors influencing its price, the potential approval of a Bitcoin spot price ETF(s), the importance of Bitcoin ownership and its role as a medium of exchange.

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Full disclosure, Galaxy became the first official sponsor of Real Bedford Ladies FC in the summer, allowing them to have professional coaching and for players to get paid for the first time. This has boosted the team: they are currently top of their league having won all their matches, and this Sunday they play in the first round of the world-famous FA Cup. I talked about this and the growing trend of Bitcoin sponsorship in sports with Alex Thorn.

We also talked about Bitcoin and the potential factors influencing its price action: for example, there is a correlation between Bitcoin price and US economic policy. We discussed the impact of the upcoming halving event, for which there is growing anticipation. And we pondered the question of when to sell Bitcoin in the context of other investment opportunities; now might not be the right time to sell Bitcoin due to its potential for growth.

The podcast covered the recent SEC amendments regarding Bitcoin spot price ETFs, involving additional risk disclosures for investors, possibly indicating a shift in SEC behaviour towards Bitcoin. We touched on the potential impact of a Bitcoin spot price ETF, with increased adoption and price growth tempered by concerns about institutionalization. We also considered the impact on Grayscale's business model, noting that lower fees in ETFs could affect their profitability.

Finally, the discussion emphasized the importance of educating others about Bitcoin's value and fundamental features. Widespread understanding and adoption of the underlying principles of Bitcoin are crucial for its long-term success. Alex encourages Bitcoin enthusiasts to continue spreading awareness and discussing its values with friends, family, and potential investors.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/is-the-bull-market-back

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats

Jesse Myers is co-founder and COO of Onramp Bitcoin. In this interview, we discuss Bitcoin’s potential growth, adoption and valuation, and the implications of Bitcoin’s price accelerating. We also talk about the risks associated with bonds, the concept of money, and the hurdle of convincing people to buy Bitcoin. Jesse also introduces ‘Onramp’, a Bitcoin asset management platform built on multi-institution custody.

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Many investors are still bullish on Bitcoin's transparent and rigid monetary policy: its increasing scarcity will attract more value to it, potentially making it a better store of value than gold. Some are expecting a transfer of wealth out of bonds into Bitcoin, as Bitcoin slowly becomes considered a lower-risk asset; this is in the context of bonds continuing to show significant signs of stress due to burgeoning sovereign debt and inflationary headwinds.

It is in the context of this expected inflow of capital into Bitcoin by individuals and organisations that aren’t prepared or willing to secure private keys, that Jesse Myers co-founded Onramp Bitcoin, a trust-minimized form of custody. Their multi-institution custody eliminates counterparty risk without requiring individuals to hold their own keys.

In the podcast, Jesse explained the multiplier effect of capital inflows into Bitcoin and how it could impact its valuation, whilst emphasizing the importance of remaining grounded in the total global asset landscape and not assuming unrealistic valuations for Bitcoin. We also discussed how Bitcoin can shift value back to ‘good money’, and further how it starts to become a dominant form of currency.

We discussed how the path of Bitcoin adoption will manifest i.e. whether its growth is likely to be gradual or exponential. We discussed the implications in the interim period of governments continuing to print money to pay off debt, and the potential redistribution of wealth to Bitcoiners who have planned differently. We also considered the possibility and implications of fiat currencies failing and the world finally turning to Bitcoin as a solution.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/bitcoins-full-potential-value

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats

Luke Gromen is the Founder and President of Forest for the Trees (FFTT). In this interview, we discuss the state of the economy, government borrowing and the bond market. We explore the implications of increased US government borrowing and spending on debt and taxes. We also talk about cycles of quantitative easing, a comparison of the economies of Argentina and the US, the impacts of inflation on different groups and investment strategies during a recession.

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Luke Gromen has been praised by former clients and colleagues as having a "unique ability to connect the dots". Well, there are lots of dots at the moment, and none of them are static. The economy still seems like it’s in a perilous state with debt levels seemingly out of control. We discussed whether there is a limit to how much money the Treasury can borrow, and how the bond market might be signalling that the Fed needs to restrict borrowing.

We talked about how debt has ballooned as a result of the reliance on quantitative easing (QE) as a means to bring down interest rates. As Luke explained, this tool results in inflation, the need to raise interest rates again, then rinse and repeat. This cycle has been ongoing since 2014 when global central banks stopped growing their holdings of reserves.

The issue is who will buy the US’s burgeoning debt? Many expect the US to follow Japan’s model if the Fed starts buying bonds. However, Luke stated that the US risks mirroring Argentina’s economic situation as US government debt is financed mostly by foreign entities. This significantly hinders the US government's flexibility: it constrains money printing, adds upside risk to bond rates and makes containing a spiralling debt burden much more difficult.

The economic system's evolution over the past 30 years has contributed to growing wealth inequality and unrest. We discussed how these issues are manifesting in the US, suggesting that it is likely to be due to the hollowing out of the middle and working classes by successive governments from both sides of the aisle.

The result is a more comprehensive welfare budget, which increases the tax burden. But, given that GDP growth lags behind inflation and consumer spending is down, increased government spending requires more debt. Money printing for entitlements only adds more fuel to the inflationary fire. It is little surprise that Luke remains bullish on Bitcoin.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/bitcoin-vs-the-infinite-money-printer

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats

Mark Moss is a serial entrepreneur, author, speaker and host of The Mark Moss Show. In this interview, we discuss Bitcoin, the challenges of building in a bear market, the convergence of political, financial, and tech cycles, the concept of generational theory, the current political landscape, and the influence of tech on society. We also talk about the impact of AI on business and jobs, the relationship between religion and morality, and the future of global currencies.

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Mark Moss is a regular and popular guest, and we had an engaging conversation that spanned a variety of topics. We started by discussing a subject Mark is well known for focusing on - the concept of cycles. Political, financial, and technological revolutions have converged at pivotal moments in human history. Mark believes that we’re living through such a convergence now and that by understanding these cycles we can better comprehend the state of the world.

We discussed the concept of generational theory and how it relates to human nature, referencing a book called "The Pendulum" that explores the idea of swings between centralization and decentralization through history. We also delved into the current political climate and the potential for a material ‘regime change’, in the context of a continuing growth in scale and capacity of the administrative state where non-elected officials hold significant power.

The discussion covered how technology has changed the way people communicate and organize. We mentioned that the current form of government is no longer compatible with the world we are entering, as it was designed to manage large corporations and treat people as collectives rather than as individuals. Today, information is being liberated through technology; this resultant access to information is problematic for authority figures.

Mark explained his perspective on the impact of technology, specifically AI, on business, industry, and jobs. He mentioned his experience in internet businesses in witnessing the evolution of technology. Mark believes that AI is a continuation of the technological revolution that started with the internet, which democratized and commoditized technical workers, leading to the availability of skilled workers from different countries at lower costs.

Finally, we discussed the potential future of global currencies. In particular, the growing influence of BRICS nations and the expectation they will launch a new gold-backed currency. And, we discussed the potential impact of CBDCs on global trade and control. On the flip side, stablecoins are growing in popularity and allow countries like Argentina to access the dollar market. We discussed stablecoins' potential impact and the control that comes with them.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-fight-for-bitcoin-against-cbdcs

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats

Erik Cason is a cypherpunk and author of Cryptosovereignty: The Encrypted Political Philosophy of Bitcoin. In this interview, we discuss his book, philosophy, censorship in academia, and Erik's personal journey from socialism to anarchism. We also talk about technology’s use for state control and violence, the potential of Bitcoin to decentralize power, the philosophical implications of Bitcoin, the potential of living in a virtual world and the nature of consciousness.

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Erik Cason is a philosopher, cypherpunk, crypto-anarchist, educator and author. He has just published a book exploring the intersection of Bitcoin, sovereignty, and cryptography in the 21st century. The book’s basis was a series of essays Eric has produced over the years that have focused on the philosophical and sociological aspects of cryptography and Bitcoin.

Eric shared his journey from the Occupy Wall Street movement to discovering Bitcoin and embracing anarchism. His experience of being beaten by the police during a protest led to his realization that the state cannot be relied upon for help. We also discussed the accountability of police officers when they use their firearms, comparing the UK to the US.

Our discussion touched on the dangers of a monopoly on violence by the state, mentioning historical genocides and the efficiency of the current Chinese Uighur genocide in eradicating a people's culture. We talked about the normalization of weapons of mass destruction and the potential for a nuclear holocaust. We debated whether Bitcoin can end wars versus the concept of an "infinity war" perpetuated by the state.

Eric suggested that Bitcoin represents a return to truth in a world that has become nihilistic and devoid of values. He talked about how through advanced mathematics and cryptography, Bitcoin allows for a monetary system that enables true accountability. Bitcoin is a radical way of regaining control over money and limiting the overbearing nature of governments, allowing individuals to make ethical choices even in the face of destruction.

Eric fundamentally believes that Satoshi Nakamoto opened up a new frontier for warfare on the internet and provided a space for rebellion movements to operate against oppressive states. That tool still relies on humans who believe in freedom, taking agency: it is vitally important for everyone to take responsibility for addressing societal issues to ensure a better future for our children.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/how-bitcoin-fights-tyranny

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats

Daniel Roberts is the co-founder of Iris Energy. In this interview, we discuss misconceptions about energy consumption in Bitcoin mining and the resultant impact on the value and perception of Bitcoin. We also talk about Iris Energy's commitment to using 100% renewable energy, Bitcoin mining stabilizing the energy grid in Texas, the downside protection of low-cost Bitcoin mining, the challenges of scaling Bitcoin mining, and the correlation between Bitcoin mining and AI.

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Iris Energy is Australia’s largest homegrown Bitcoin miner, and full disclosure, the lead sponsor of What Bitcoin Did. It is an unabashed advocate of decarbonisation, with a commitment to power its operations using 100% renewable energy. It is one of the market leaders in targeting under-utilised renewable energy sources. And, whilst its core business is Bitcoin mining, the company is expanding its next-generation data centres to target the generative AI market.

Despite the proven positive contribution to supporting energy grids, mitigating climate change and supporting communities with well-paying professional jobs, Bitcoin mining FUD is still affecting the perception of the industry within influential groups. With Iris Energy’s co-founder Daniel Roberts, we discuss the common misconceptions of Bitcoin mining’s energy consumption, and why these misunderstandings still gain traction in the media.

We talked about the challenges of scaling Bitcoin mining: mining companies like Iris have to manage the physical limitations of increasing power consumption and the difficulty of developing large-scale energy infrastructure. They also have to hedge against price volatility. However, Daniel explains how low-cost miners have a unique downside protection that further incentivises the drive to exploit cheap energy sources.

The podcast also covers Iris’s expansion into supporting demand for AI computation. Daniel explains the correlation between the needs for Bitcoin mining and AI, and how their approach is not solely focused on Bitcoin mining but rather on building power-dense data centres optimized for various digital demand drivers. This means the competitive advantage in the industry has shifted from chip manufacturers to those who can build large-scale infrastructure businesses.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-economics-of-ai-bitcoin-mining

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats

Matthew Pines is the Director of Intelligence at Krebs Stamos Group and a Fellow at Bitcoin Policy Institute. Chester Ney is IT Director for environmental consulting firm ALL4. In this interview, we discuss the disruptive impact of AI technology on various industries, the potential risks it poses and the geopolitical implications of AI development. We also talk about the use of AI in cybersecurity and its potential use as a tool to communicate with non-human intelligence.

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ChatGPT, the AI chatbot built on top of OpenAI's developing large language models (LLMs), was launched in November 2022. It was a realisation of a theoretical advancement that some had imagined would forever remain elusively out of reach. The software was debatedly the most explicit illustration of Arthur C Clarke’s famous quote that “Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic.” The response to the launch went inevitably viral.

However, the awe and wonder were quickly replaced by concerns about the real-world impacts. In terms of coding, ChatGPT could automate and improve on numerous human-based coding tasks. With the upcoming release of the GPT-5 LLM, and competitor products, there is the potential that human software developers could be replaced entirely. And this is just the impact on coding. In reality, AI is and will increasingly have massively disruptive impacts on all jobs.

Job roles in the future may still have the same titles, but the day-to-day tasks involved in their fulfilment are likely to be radically different. AI will enable a tighter feedback loop between ideation, testing, and generation, such that development cycles will see rapid acceleration with huge resultant gains in productivity. Jobs may shift towards designing products and user interfaces. Plus, there will be new jobs involved in curating and securing AI systems.

The jury is out on whether AI may not pose a world-ending risk. It is more probable that AI will lead to problematic socioeconomic and cybersecurity issues. It will undoubtedly increase volatility in the labour market, and, improve tools for malign actors in the digital space. Nevertheless, it is hard to predict the impact of the expected advance of AI systems becoming capable of self-improvement. This could lead to a utopian takeoff or an existential crisis.

Then there are the known unknowns: it is inevitable that AI will enable civilisation to do incredible things in the future and at increasingly rapid speed. This will then lead to the unknown unknowns: the unimaginable impacts of the race towards a singularity. What will the impact be on society? Will AI intersect with a disclosure of non-human intelligence? Will AI enable us to communicate with such entities? Will AI fundamentally change what it is to be human? Sleep well!!!

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-economic-impact-of-ai

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats

Pierre Rochard is a VP of Research at Riot Platforms and Morgen Rochard is the founder and lead financial planner of Origin Wealth Advisers LLC. In this interview, we discuss the potential of Bitcoin, its growing legitimacy, the importance of using it responsibly and the misconceptions surrounding it. We also discuss the potential impact of a Bitcoin ETF, the role of stablecoins, and the state of the global economy.

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Pierre & Morgen Rochard have expertise across both the technical and financial aspects of Bitcoin. It was therefore an opportune moment to take a deep dive into where we currently are in relation to Bitcoin’s purpose, its security and susceptibility to attack, its role as part of an investment portfolio, and its fundamental role as a new form of money.

We discussed Pierre’s evolved perspective on the interaction of transaction fees, energy use and security. Fundamentally, does the brilliance of Bitcoin’s original design and the game theory behind a 51% attack, mean that it is unlikely to be attacked? Therefore, is the effort in trying to ensure transaction fees are high enough to increase security becomes moot?

Further, we talk about the importance of using Bitcoin responsibly and in a way that can make the world a better place. Should the freedom provided by Bitcoin be used to make positive choices and improve the world, rather than for non-essential purposes like putting jpegs on the blockchain? If blockspace is a scarce and valuable commodity, should there be a moral consensus on how it is used?

Morgan shared her perspective on investing in Bitcoin and the general advice to consider it as a long-term savings asset. Morgan advises against using leverage and suggests a 30-50% allocation as being appropriate for most people. We also discussed the topic of adoption and whether it needs to be at a slow pace to enable the rebalancing of portfolios. This is important as people realize that Bitcoin is a backup plan in case the fiat economy fails.

We discussed the growing legitimacy of Bitcoin within important groups. This reinforces the importance of investing in education and public policy to fight misconceptions and ensure that the truth about Bitcoin is being shared. We also touched on the potential impact of a Bitcoin ETF, highlighting the limitations of ETFs, and the importance of encouraging individuals to own Bitcoin outright and holding their own keys.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/bitcoin-financial-advice

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats

Christian Decker is a researcher and developer at Blockstream. In this interview, we discuss the evolution of the Lightning Network and the challenges of making it more user-friendly. Decker introduces Blockstream’s new service, Greenlight, which simplifies the management and security of running a Lightning node. We also discuss the concept of covenants in Bitcoin and how they can be used to restrict the spending of funds.

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I first interviewed Christian Decker about the Lightning Network in April 2019. Over the past four and a half years, the Lightning Network has made significant strides in terms of its technical development, to the satisfaction of many of those working on it. However, the challenge of making the Lightning Network more accessible to non-technical users remains as the potential means to accelerate wider adoption.

The current situation is that users require a deep understanding of Bitcoin and Lightning, which can obviously be off-putting for many. This led to the development by Christian of Blockstream’s new product, Greenlight, which aims to simplify the management and security burdens of running a Lightning node. It aims to provide a non-custodial Lightning-as-a-service, predicated on Blockstream's commitment to transparency and user empowerment.

Greenlight was born out of the need to bridge the gap between custodial and non-custodial solutions. It provides a user-friendly onboarding experience, allowing users to have their own Lightning node while Blockstream's servers handle the operational processes. The keys remain on the user's device, ensuring security. It has been designed as a tool for all users: from end users who need assistance with managing their funds and channels on the Lightning Network, to app developers who struggle with integrating Lightning into their applications.

However, whilst Greenlight makes the Lightning Network more accessible, it doesn't necessarily make it more decentralized. There is still a level of centralisation in infrastructure and traffic monitoring. The goal is to educate users and empower them to run their own nodes, thus increasing their self-sovereignty on the Lightning Network.

Our conversation was a deep dive into the evolution of Bitcoin and the Lightning Network and the exciting future that lies ahead with services like Greenlight. As the community continues to explore and innovate, the goal remains the same: to make these technologies more accessible and empower users to take control of their financial future.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/scaling-bitcoin

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats

Lyn Alden is a macroeconomist and investment strategist, and Natalie Smolenski founded and leads the Texas Bitcoin Foundation. In this interview, we discuss the impact of digital currencies on government control, the breakdown of the US system of checks and balances, and the increasing influence of central governments. We also talk about the complexity of the monetary system, the current state of the financial system, and the future of Bitcoin.

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Lyn Alden and Natalue Smolenski are both acclaimed as peer leaders within their respective fields. I feel this is because they can provide engaging clarity to complex issues. However, I also feel that it is their ability to be authoritative, honest and calm, within an industry full of noise, miss truths and hidden agendas, that has led to them developing loyal followings. It was an honour to have these two heavyweights of the community coming together on the show.

Our conversation began with a discussion on the concept called the "narrow corridor of liberty," which Natalie explained as a theory describing the balance between the state and society in terms of technological advancements, and the race for liberty to stay ahead of tyranny. We then talked about how this applies to the race between Bitcoin and Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs).

The conversation took a turn towards the challenges of explaining the upcoming financial challenges to friends and family, in the context of the need to rethink governance in a digital world to prevent excessive government control. The system of checks and balances in the United States has broken down, with laws now being made through federal agencies instead of Congress. These agencies are often not accountable to the American people.

Lyn talked about the correlation between the breakdown of the financial system and Increased government control. She emphasized the complexity and opacity of the money system, which fuels political polarization and distracts people from focusing on the real issues. Those in power may want to divert attention from the money system, whilst corporate interests have an undue influence on government decisions.

The need for reforms is readily apparent e.g. lobbyists' influence, Congress members trading stocks and the lack of term limits. But, the fundamental issue is the risks resulting from a concentration of power. Decentralisation is a bedrock of Bitcoin’s development, so there is real excitement that those pushing for change finally have a powerful tool with which to enact real and meaningful change. That is why Bitcoin has people of the calibre of Lyn and Natalie.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/are-central-banks-losing-control

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats

In this episode, we are joined by Steve Lee, the Lead at Spiral, Haley Berkoe, PM at Spiral and… Bitcoin. We discuss whether Bitcoin has a branding issue, and how we can step outside of our little bubble and reach the next wave of bitcoiners.

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Understanding Bitcoin takes proof-of-work. It's a paradigm shift in conceptualizing money - a fundamental rethinking of what constitutes value, security, and freedom. It challenges the status quo, urging a questioning of the trust we place in institutions and the way we perceive economic power structures.

Bitcoiners can be an intimidating group of people. They represent a necessary defense mechanism; guarding the sanctity of the protocol, protecting it from dilution or corruption. This resilience forms a crucible that forges steadfastness against external pressures, preserving the revolutionary aspects of Bitcoin against all attempts to co-opt or unduly influence them.

However, while the guardianship of this culture is paramount, there lies an equally crucial need to open the gates to broader understanding and adoption. To truly realize its revolutionary potential, Bitcoin must be demystified and made accessible to the masses. This is exactly what Spiral's "Who Is Bitcoin," aims to achieve. They have adopted a lighter, more humorous approach to educational content. By meeting people where they are at and, hopefully, ushering in a new wave of bitcoiners.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/here-comes-bitcoin

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats

Today we have two representatives of the Bitcoin mining firm Luxor Technologies: Nick Hansen, CEO, and Matthew Williams, Head of Derivatives. In this interview, we discuss derivative trading, the potential impact of the BlackRock ETF on the market, the challenges Bitcoin miners face, the political and economic situation in Argentina, and the importance of hedging in business operations.

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Bitcoin’s price has been relatively stable for well over a year. Whilst prices have recovered from the cycle lows seen in November 2022, the rapid price swings, which have been a feature of the market since its launch, have subsided. Nevertheless, a series of events are aligning that raise the prospect of a renewed period of volatility in the near future: the approval of a spot ETF, the Bitcoin halving, and further macro shocks.

The issue for capital investment in the Bitcoin mining space is that such volatility distorts and stresses normal business management practices. There have been numerous mining companies that have suffered existential crises because they have over-extended at the wrong time, or, they have had ineffective hedging strategies. Luxor aims to help improve the cost of capital for Bitcoin miners through the introduction of new derivative products.

Luxor’s strategy is predicated on hashrate being treated as an asset class; miners are able to sell their hashrate forward, guaranteeing a return. The contracts are determined by an agreed hashprice, which is a function of various variables: the block subsidy, transaction fees, network difficulty, and bitcoin price. These contracts are then tradable as derivatives, which enables investors to gain exposure to Bitcoin mining without needing to be physically involved.

Luxor is also working on additional financial products, including what will be a controversial yield instrument. There is still significant hesitancy in the community around such markets, and it will take time to build liquidity. Perhaps a new approach can renew demand for lending. And, if anyone can pull this off, who better than a diversified company that weathered a brutal bear market that aggressively showed who was naked when the tide went out?

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/bitcoin-mining-adapt-or-die

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats

Preston Pysh is a co-founder of The Investor Podcast Network and James Lavish is a macro analyst. In this interview, we discuss the US’s increasing debt and its impact on the economy, as well as the cycle of debt and inflation that many people find themselves trapped in. We also talk about the challenges of promoting Bitcoin adoption in economically unstable countries and the need for stable currencies in those countries.

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US national debt has increased over 80 times in the last 100 years, rising from $404bn in 1923 to $33.17tn in 2023. In the 1920’s the US was paying off debt used to finance the country’s involvement in WW1 that had resulted in its debt to GDP ratio surging to 33% by 1919; by 1923 this ratio had been reduced to around 25%. Today, debt to GDP is over 120%, higher than after WW2.

The current issue is a result of two main structural economic problems that have manifested since the 1970s. Firstly, debt increased rapidly, from just under $3tn in 1971, to over $10tn in 2000, and to $20tn in 2010. However, GDP grew at a much slower rate over this period. Central Banks have therefore had to let inflation rise to cover the gap, with interest rates being the tool they use to control inflationary pressures.

Inflation is effectively a tax that disproportionately affects the poorest people in society. As vining costs rise, personal debt climbs: people struggle to keep up with their expenses due to inflation and resort to using credit cards. Increasing interest rates only worsens their financial situation. As their credit deteriorates, they are offered even higher interest rates, creating a vicious cycle that often leads to bankruptcy. Many people are trapped.

The real problem is that the national debt, believed by many to have reached unsustainable levels, doesn’t look set to be reduced anytime soon. For example, there has been a staggering increase in the national debt over the past two weeks amounting to $500bn. This debt is used to pay for government activities and funding numerous programs. But increasingly, it is needed to also pay the interest on that debt that is expected to be $663bn this year and $1.4tn by 2033.

Credible people on Wall Street are discussing the debt spiral. Corporate earnings are expected to decrease due to the lagging effect of the Fed raising rates. Private investors are also starting to wake up to the fact that debt and inflation will have an increasingly erosive impact on wealth. Owning assets like gold, silver, and Bitcoin can help protect against it. It is more important than ever to understand the situation that is evolving.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-debt-spiral

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats

David Marcus is CEO & co-founder of Lightspark, a Lightning Network payments protocol. In this interview, we discuss his career in the payments industry and former role as head of Facebook's Libra project, his frustration with the current financial system, how Lightspark is focusing on addressing the challenges of the Lightning Network, the potential impact of real-time payment systems and the scalability of Bitcoin.

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David Marcus' journey into the payments industry began at the age of 23 when he started his first company after working at a bank. He built a successful telco company in Switzerland and later started another company focused on mobile payments. His journey took him to Silicon Valley, where his company was eventually acquired by PayPal.

Despite his success, Marcus feels frustrated with the state of payments and the lack of an open and interoperable protocol for money on the internet. He believes that money is an important aspect of people's lives and how they measure success. He sees a lot of injustice in the current financial system and feels passionate about improving it.

Our conversation covers David’s role in heading Facebook's involvement in the payments space, particularly with the development of Libra, a payment system designed to reach billions of people. We talked about the challenges and pushback the project faced, and how the Libra project was a significant part of Marcus' journey in building his current company, Lightspark.

David has come to the conviction that Bitcoin is the only form of neutral internet money, which stems from his experience trying to build a technology that could scale and provide a stable form of digital money. He believes that a real-time global payment systems, similar to sending an email or text message, combined with the decentralization and liquidity of Bitcoin, can unleash a significant increase in global GDP. Scaling issues will be a major challenge as adoption increases.

Lightspark seeks to help address these limitations by focusing on the usability and operational challenges of the Lightning network, such as liquidity management and route finding. They have developed technology to simplify Lightning's channel-based system, making it easier to spin up and maintain Lightning Network nodes, allowing for faster and cheaper bitcoin movement. There are also other potential innovations that could greatly enhance Bitcoin’s use as a payments rail.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/building-the-global-financial-system

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats

Joseph Wang is a former senior treasury trader at the Fed who now runs Fedguy.com, a research blog on financial markets. In this interview, we discuss his experience working on the Fed's treasury trading desk, the role of central banks and how this has expanded over time, the relationship between the Fed and the Treasury, quantitative easing, deficit spending, the growing national debt, and the benefits of decentralisation.

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The Federal Reserve is the United States Central Bank. Established in 1913 after a series of banking panics, its primary purpose was to provide a more stable and reliable banking system by regulating financial institutions, providing banking services to the government, and promoting financial stability. However, the Fed’s role has expanded over time to encompass market interventions in response to economic fluctuations and financial crises.

One crucial aspect of the Fed's remit is the implementation of monetary policy. Through tools such as open market operations, reserve requirements, and interest rate adjustments, the Fed seeks to control inflation, stabilise prices, and promote maximum employment. As the economy has become more complex, so has the Fed’s toolkit to address emerging challenges to include extreme actions such as becoming the lender of last resort and quantitative easing.

A popular criticism is that the Fed’s actions have materially affected the state’s increasing and unsustainable deficit and debt growth. Whilst the Fed does not have the power to directly increase or decrease deficits, it can indirectly contribute to deficits through its monetary policy actions. Regarding the national debt, the Fed currently owns significant amounts of U.S. government bonds, resulting from its efforts to stabilise the economy during times of crisis.

A more fundamental issue is the Fed’s potential role as the centralised authority in the control of money. CBDCs provide for the complete digitisation of money and the disintermediation of retail banks, which would provide the Fed with even more capacity to affect monetary policy. Despite the risks to personal sovereignty, such power would be too tempting for central bankers to forgo. Essentially, decentralisation is needed to keep the Fed in check. All roads lead to Bitcoin!

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/how-the-federal-reserve-works

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats

William Casarin is a Bitcoin Core, Lightning Network and Nostr developer. In this wide-ranging interview, we discuss the current debate over Canadian state control over media and the disillusionment of its citizens, the advantages of using Bitcoin in the context of current banking constraints, the potential of decentralized social media platforms such as Nostr, and the benefits and challenges of AI.

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William Casarin is one of the band of amazing developers within our community who ensure the cogs of Bitcoin-related machines keep working. Our conversation began with a discussion about the current situation in Canada amid concerns about state control of the media. We also touched on the decline of Canada and the disillusionment of its citizens, especially after a trucker protest revealed the true nature of the politicians.

We then shifted our conversation to our experiences with banks, which can be invasive and unreliable, and the advantages of using Bitcoin. Banks today restrict financial liberty: there are serious questions regarding their overreach in implementing KYC and AML checks. Whilst running businesses on a Bitcoin standard has advantages, there are real challenges as most businesses still require access to fiat currency and associated payment channels.

William then shared his vision of creating a level playing field for free speech online and mentioned the progress being made in decentralised social media platforms such as Nostr. He highlighted the complementarity between Bitcoin and free speech, as both are protocols that promote freedom and autonomy.

We also discussed the use of AI in various fields. AI can be used to accelerate intelligence and make tasks more efficient, such as generating assets for video games. However, there are serious concerns about overreliance on AI and the potential dangers it may pose. Cryptography will be an important tool in dealing with the security risks associated with AI, despite states such as the UK seeking to ban end-to-end encryption.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/decentralise-everything

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats

Steven Lubka is Managing Director of Private Client Services at Swan Bitcoin. In this interview, they discuss recent developments in the legal disputes between Peter and Craig Wright. Then, in the build-up to the Pacific Bitcoin Festival, they talk about various topics such as Bitcoin’s community, the importance of financial stability, the cultural revolution brought about by Bitcoin, and the need for a positive vision of the future.

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Ahead of the Pacific Bitcoin Festival, the podcast was a great opportunity to catch up with one of the show’s favourite guests, the peripatetic Bitcoiner Steven Lubka! In light of recent developments, the conversation kicked off with an update on Peter’s ongoing litigation involving Craig Wright. This litigation is still live, and in time Peter will be able to tell the full story, but, it seems like we’re definitely a lot closer to the end given the events of the past week.

The conversation then shifted to our experiences within the Bitcoin community. We have both felt a strong sense of unity and passion within this community, a stark contrast to other industries. Bitcoiners tend to have multiple interests and go deep into various fields. Further, the community remained unfazed by the volatility, focusing more on the cultural revolution brought about by Bitcoin rather than its monetary value.

As we delved deeper into the conversation, we reflected on the concept of time and its scarcity.

We also discussed the importance of financial stability and its impact on one's ability to make meaningful choices in life. Financial constraints can limit one's ability to reevaluate their life and make different choices. We acknowledged the devastating effects of financial instability, citing examples from countries like Argentina and Lebanon.

Towards the end of our conversation, we touched on how the mechanics and structure of a monetary system can shape human culture and emphasized the need for meaning and hope in society and the dangers of nihilism. We also discussed the possibility and impact of Bitcoin ending and our confidence that the community assembled around Bitcoin will continue to change the world regardless of the outcome of Bitcoin itself.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/bitcoins-cultural-revolution

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats

Mike Brock is the lead at TBD, the Bitcoin-focused subsidiary of Block. In this interview, we discuss Bitcoin’s limitations in solving complex societal problems, counter-arguments to the narrative that monetary flexibility leads to falling living standards and wasteful investments, the complexities and risks of Bitcoin’s widespread adoption, and why, despite certain limitations, Bitcoin still has the potential to be the most important monetary asset in human history.

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The Bitcoin community has had to harden itself against attacks from outside, by those either too ignorant or too invested in the incumbent system to allow themselves to understand the brilliance of the innovation. However, not all of those who raise issues counter to mainstream Bitcoin opinion are either attacking the innovation or the community. Some opinions are manifestly good faith attempts to sharpen the arguments needed to help wider Bitcoin adoption.

Mike Brock is someone who sits in this camp: he is an unapologetic advocate for Bitcoin but doesn’t necessarily agree with what could be framed as Bitcoin orthodoxy. In this podcast, we discuss in more detail the concerns around groupthink on certain issues, which is in turn leading to a branding issue that seems to be affecting wider adoption.

Specifically, is there a misconception in the Bitcoin community that Bitcoin has already won and will replace the US dollar? Has loose monetary policy since 1971 actually resulted in reduced living standards and significantly poor corporate investment behaviour? Are inflationary metrics providing a real understanding of consumer experiences? And, will a strict monetary policy have a net positive or negative influence on economies and societies?

Consideration of the arguments for and against deflationary or inflationary currencies enables Bitcoin’s true potential to be honed. However, even if Bitcoin has a long way to go before challenging the dominance of the US dollar, it has the potential to immediately help lift millions of people out of poverty by providing open, effective and cheap financial infrastructure. This means Bitcoin has a compelling narrative even within mainstream economic and political assumptions.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/hyperbitcoinisation-cant-happen

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats

Peter St Onge is an Economist at the Heritage Foundation and a Fellow at the Mises Institute. In this interview, we discuss the burden of excessive government control, corruption & the erosion of trust in institutions, the influence of activists on government decisions, & reducing the size of government. Using examples from Argentina & Lebanon, we talk about the resilience of normal people in the face of a collapsing state, & the challenges of scaling anarchic systems.

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What Bitcoin Did makes films, which are published on YouTube under the banner “Follow the Money”. Through the experiences of everyday people, and through the lens of new kinds of currency like Bitcoin, these films explore what money is, who controls it — and how new forms of it could help create a better, more equitable future for us all. So far, 3 films have been released, covering Bitcoin’s legalisation in El Salvador, inflation in the UK and Bitcoin mining in Texas.

There are currently 2 further films in post-production: a film about the impact of triple-digit inflation on Argentinians, and a film about the impact of the economic crisis on the Lebanese. These films have had a profound effect on me, providing me with a unique perspective on the role of government.

Making these films has spotlighted obvious negative issues emanating from bloated & corrupt states being allowed to thrive. But there are also unexpected positive experiences showing normal people's capacity to show agency & develop innovative methods of self-reliance in the face of a collapsing state. I was eager to share my experiences with Peter St Onge, who I knew could understand and contextualise my observations and insights.

We delved into our philosophical beliefs on the size of government and the potential of Bitcoin. Initially, I dismissed libertarian ideas, but my experiences in these countries have challenged this thinking. We discussed the difficulties and potential risks of eliminating the state, acknowledging the natural tendency for people to organise and create rules. We also touched on the role of democracy and the potential problems that arise when the political unit becomes too large.

In both countries, I observed the effects of severe economic strain on different social classes. The poor are obviously massively disadvantaged in these situations, and I was witness to many heartbreaking stories. However, the incredibly inspiring stories of resilience and organisation in the face of adversity reinforced my belief in the potential of people when they are not burdened by excessive government control.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-free-market-for-money

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats

Jeff Booth is the Author of The Price of Tomorrow & CEO/Chairman of Ego Death Capital. George Gammon is an investor, macroeconomics expert & host of The Rebel Capitalist Show. We discuss Bitcoin’s role in the world: its role as a hedge against the tradfi system, its disruptive potential & ability to reprice everything, & the challenges & consequences of a Bitcoin-dominated world.

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Jeff Booth, an entrepreneur, technologist, & author of the book ‘The Price of Tomorrow’, is a visionary in the Bitcoin field & a regular guest on this show. But, it’s been nearly 3 years since I interviewed the amazing George Gammon, renowned for his ‘The Rebel Capitalist Show’ podcast. This conversation was born out of a Twitter exchange, and it quickly became apparent that they share more common ground than many might have initially assumed.

Many believe that George is anti-Bitcoin, but that’s not the case. His stance on Bitcoin is pragmatic. George believes in the importance of owning Bitcoin for purchasing power outside of the traditional system, especially with the rise of central bank digital currencies. And yet, he emphasizes the importance of probabilities and trade-offs in discussions about Bitcoin and he doesn't necessarily see it as a guaranteed path to wealth.

Jeff's views align with George's on many fronts: they both expressed their belief in the potential of Bitcoin. The differences between the 2 guests lie in the perceived probabilities of hyperbitcoinisation. Jeff sees Bitcoin's potential to reprice the existing system if it remains decentralized and secure. In this event, one needs to imagine a world where value is priced in Bitcoin, not where Bitcoin is priced in dollars.

Jeff promotes a future where prices will fall forever against a fixed number of units of currency, a stark contrast to the current system. This will affect the appreciation of Bitcoin in different economic scenarios. While Bitcoin may currently be seen as a high-risk asset with the potential for significant returns, in a world where goods and services experience deflation, Bitcoin's appreciation may be less pronounced.

This show was another inspirational war cry for Bitcoin from two esteemed guests. Jeff couldn't imagine putting his time & money anywhere else due to the high returns he expects. George believes that even if Bitcoin doesn't become a global currency or faces challenges like fractional reserve usage and inflation, there is still massive value in its ability to enable transactions outside of the existing system. It highlights that everyone should consider the potential benefits of Bitcoin.

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-bitcoin-debate

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats

Daniel Batten is an author, analyst, environmental campaigner and investor in ClimateTech. In this interview, we discuss the challenges of convincing people about climate change, the importance of trust in government, and the potential positive impact of Bitcoin mining on the environment. We also talk about Daniel’s focus on accelerating Bitcoin mining’s use in reducing global landfill methane emissions.

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Bitcoin mining requires powerful computer hardware and consumes a considerable amount of electricity. In some locations, this energy is primarily sourced from fossil fuels. Critics claim that this leads to excessive carbon emissions and contributes to climate change. This is obviously a simplistic and false narrative; the true situation may at first seem counterintuitive, but Bitcoin is actually a powerful tool in the fight against climate change.

Bitcoin mining incentivizes the use of renewable energy sources. Miners often seek areas with abundant cheap electricity, which lends itself to seeking out renewable sources of energy. This results in mining subsidising the build-out of renewable energy sources, which in turn facilitates the development of reliable and sustainable energy grids.

But, perhaps the most exciting application of Bitcoin mining is in the use of waste methane. Around 30% of the rise in global temperatures is estimated to be due to methane emissions, and methane has 80 times more warming power than carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Further, 11% of global methane emissions come from landfill sites. The World Bank estimates that landfill emissions will grow 70% by 2050.

As we heard in our podcast last year with Vespene Energy’s Adam Wright, waste methane is an amazing energy source for Bitcoin mining. The waste output is carbon dioxide, which is 80 times less potent than the methane input. Daniel Batten is seeking to accelerate the build-out of such technology. The aim is to generate 32 megawatts of power from landfills, offsetting the equivalent of 4 million tonnes of carbon dioxide. That’s 10% of Bitcoin’s carbon footprint!

In this podcast, Daniel explains the opportunities and challenges behind scaling up Bitcoin mining’s carbon-offsetting potential. The fund he co-founded, CH4 Capital, has a mission to offset 2% of global greenhouse emissions with a $500 million investment. The exciting thing for Bitcoiners is that using methane emissions from landfills is obviously just one of a number of sustainable applications. It’s just a matter of time before Greenpeace gets orange-pilled!

Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/making-bitcoin-carbon-negative

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats

Nik Bhatia is the founder of ‘The Bitcoin Layer’ & author of ‘Layered Money’. This interview delves into Nik's work in the Bitcoin industry and his background in trading interest rates. We discuss the impact of low-interest rates on the economy, the relationship between inflation and interest rates, and the impact of central bank actions on markets. The conversation expands to include global recessions, the Chinese economy, and the future of Bitcoin.

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The unprecedented period of low-interest rates that followed the 2008-09 financial crisis was deemed a golden opportunity for those leveraging debt. However, this environment hid many significant dangers. Chief among them was the encouragement of irrational investments. The problem comes, as we have seen, when this period of low interest ends. A reasonable cost of capital provides a check on such behaviour.

Interest rates are influenced by both the market and central banks, with central banks often lagging behind market movements. When the central bank raises rates, they are adjusting the target rates for various lending markets. There is therefore an interplay between central bank actions and market forces in determining interest rates. In addition, there is feedback as investors anticipate interest rate hikes and adjust their investments accordingly.

As we have seen, central banks have used interest rates to temper inflation. This is a crude tool and can risk tipping economies into recession. Purchasing Managers' Indexes (PMIs) can be used to analyse economic activity at the nation-state level; the PMIs in Europe are all in contractionary territory, indicating a deteriorating economy. The issue is, that in our globalised economy, such problems leak into other economies, such as China.

The underlying issue in such a situation is the significant risks associated with the traditional financial instruments of the fiat economy. Financial institutions' liabilities are approaching concerning levels. The problem is that such liabilities are essentially infinite. This is why Bitcoin’s value tends to rise when central banks implement easing measures, as many can see the eventual unwinding of the fiat system. The question is how close are we to this unwinding?

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Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-breaking-of-the-global-economy

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats

Checkmate is Glassnode’s Lead On-chain Analyst and creator of checkonchain. In this interview, we discuss Bitcoin investing and market analysis, Bitcoin as a hedge against inflation and housing market bubbles, the current economic situation, the potential future role of Bitcoin as a settlement currency for nation-states, and the power and unstoppable nature of Bitcoin.

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Checkmate is one of the best on-chain analysts, leading Glassnode’s on-chain research and data analysis, and also creating checkonchain to provide a suite of Bitcoin on-chain charts. This show’s discussion therefore focused on the Bitcoin market and trends, including the impacts of Luna and FTX on market sentiment. We also delved into the concept of profit and how it can be measured, and the importance of understanding market indicators and making informed decisions.

Our conversation also took in the macroeconomic situation. We discussed the housing market and the potential risks involved in buying a house. We discussed the high ratio of median house prices to median income in Australia, Canada, and New Zealand, referring to it as a "Ponzi scheme." We also considered the current economic situation: its challenges and the need for individuals to be aware of how the system works.

Specifically, people need to be aware of the impact of inflation and taxes on their finances. Whilst Bitcoin is a hedge for some, others feel the need to speculate and gamble on markets in the fiat system. Argentina is a valuable example in this context, as Argentinians need to manage their money in the face of triple-digit inflation. As people’s wealth can rapidly evaporate in such circumstances, it brings into sharp relief the concept of money as a proxy for time.

Towards the end of our conversation, we talked about the power and unstoppable nature of Bitcoin: Bitcoin's design assumes human greed and self-interest, which makes it a powerful and unstoppable organism. Checkmate also provided his opinion on the potential future role of Bitcoin as a settlement currency for nation-states, speculating that nation-states may start testing Bitcoin as a liquid layer on top of their gold reserves, driven by the involvement of oil producers.

Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/all-roads-lead-to-bitcoin

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats

On September 9th What Bitcoin Did hosted a live show in Sydney. In this second of two podcasts, the guests were the founder of The Bitcoin Layer & Author of Layered Money Nik Bhatia, & and Bitcoin analyst & partner at Crest Willy Woo. Across these interviews, we discussed various topics related to Bitcoin, including its Bitcoin's volatility, its potential as a global currency and the prospects for Bitcoin's global adoption. The show includes the Q&A from the event.

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This is the second of two podcasts sharing interviews from What Bitcoin Did’s first Australian live show that was recorded in Sydney. However, this show is with 2 regular guests of the podcast who always bring unique and invaluable insights into Bitcoin’s evolution: Nik Bhatia and Willy Woo.

Nik is an adjunct Professor of Finance at the University of Southern California. We talk about how he has introduced Bitcoin into the curriculum following the success of his book “Layered Money”. Nik’s course covers the technical aspects of Bitcoin, starting with the white paper and delving into topics like blockchain, mining, and cryptography. He also contextualizes Bitcoin within the broader financial world and discusses its valuation and differences from other cryptocurrencies.

Nik also highlights his divergent opinions about Bitcoin. He doesn’t think it is a magic bullet: Nik believes it will take mass adoption for it to start fixing things in the economic system. And yet, Nik is passionate about Bitcoin’s incredible potential, particularly in non-US and non-western countries. The discovery of Bitcoin as a tool for financial empowerment in these regions is arguably the most exciting thing about Satoshi’s innovation.

Willy has long provided great analysis of Bitcoin’s price performance. In this show, he discusses the volatility of Bitcoin returns. Willy explains that Bitcoin has historically had high volatility but is now converging with other macro assets in terms of trading range. He attributes this to the financialization of Bitcoin, with the introduction of futures and other paper markets. However, he expresses concern about the control these paper markets have over the price of Bitcoin.

The conversation with Willy then shifts to Bitcoin's potential as a global currency. While lower volatility may be desirable for stability, it may not be ideal for Bitcoin's growth and adoption as a global currency. We discuss the current state of the fiat system and the potential collapse of traditional currencies, which could further drive the adoption of Bitcoin. Then, the floor was open to a Q&A with all five of my live show guests, which made clear there's always plenty to discuss!

Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/macroeconomics-on-chain-data-with-nik-bhatia-willy-woo-wbd-live-in-sydney

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence OrangePillApp - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats

On September 9th What Bitcoin Did hosted a live show in Sydney. In this first of two podcasts, the guests were the Co-Founder & Co-CEO of Iris Energy Daniel Roberts, Glassnode’s Lead On-chain Analyst Checkmate, & the Open Software & Lightning Network developer Rusty Russell. Across these interviews, we discussed various topics related to Bitcoin, including its meaning, its impact on people's thinking, and its potential to reshape the financial system.

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What Bitcoin Did’s live events are a growing part of our work. We’ve been incredibly fortunate to host shows across the US and in the UK. Now, we’ve had the huge honour of hosting a show in Sydney Australia. It is important to extend our reach into new geographies, as the number of talented people working in Bitcoin obviously extends to all corners of the world. But importantly, each geography has invaluable perspectives.

This show, as with all the live shows, covered a huge amount of ground. The conversation commenced with Checkmate providing his views on the meaning of Bitcoin. He described money as time and saw Bitcoin as a source of hope and an opportunity to think differently. Further, Checkmate believes that Bitcoin can reshape our understanding of money and its role in society.

Rusty Russell, a civil engineer turned Bitcoin advocate, shared his journey from scepticism about finance to working in the field. He explained that as an engineer, he views the world from a problem-solving perspective, which differs from the traditional economic viewpoint. He believes that Bitcoin defies logic for traditional economists because it is too simple and elegant for them to understand.

Daniel Roberts and I talked about Iris Energy, a Bitcoin mining company that supports What Bitcoin Did. Daniel explained Bitcoin mining’s opportunity in the context of the energy market, and how Bitcoin mining acts as a demand-side battery allowing miners to adjust their energy consumption based on market pricing. We addressed the misconception that Bitcoin miners are exploiting the energy grid, emphasising that they are part of a functioning market and contribute to grid stability.

The show also covered many other important topics, including the value of data to trading Bitcoin, patterns of behaviour in the Bitcoin market, the Potential of next-generation computing and AI for Bitcoin mining, the different stages of Bitcoin's development, and the potential risks and uncertainties associated with stablecoins. Watch out for the second show which has the discussion with the equally awesome pairing of Nik Bhatia and Willy Woo.

Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/wbd-live-in-sydney-pt-1

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence Orange Pill App - Stack Friends Who Stack Sats

Steven Nelkovski is the CEO of Perth Heat and Patrick O’Sullivan is the Chief Bitcoin Officer. In this interview, we discuss sports teams adopting a Bitcoin standard, why it’s important to meet people where they are at and how Bitcoin changes the economics of sport.

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Perth Heat is a professional baseball team based in Perth, Western Australia. It is a foundation member of the Australian Baseball League, and is the most successful team in ABL history, having won 15 Claxton Shields championships.

In November 2021, the Perth Heat became the first team in world sport to operate on a Bitcoin Standard. They pay their players and staff in Bitcoin, accept Bitcoin payments for sponsorships, merchandise, and ballpark concessions and of course holds Bitcoin on its balance sheet.

Bitcoin will disrupt every industry, and sports is no different. Being early not only puts your team on the map to the global bitcoin audience, but the economic incentives are clear, teams like Perth Heat and Real Bedford have first mover advantages and are front-running the bigger clubs that will inevitably adopt Bitcoin.

Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/orange-pilling-through-sport

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence

Michael Dunworth is the co-founder of Wyre Payments. In this interview, we discuss Bitcoin, private keys and the role of technology in advancing human understanding. We also talk about the significance of security, identity, and the evolving nature of society in the digital age, when the challenges of distinguishing real from fake is becoming increasingly difficult.

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The internet has been transformative. But, could its benefits soon be outweighed by its disbenefits? Whilst it has enabled people to connect across the world in real-time, ironically, digital technology has had a significant negative impact on human connection and community. People are increasingly finding meaningful connections with disparate online communities at the expense of developing connections with people in their immediate surroundings.

Then there are the technical challenges. Technology has made it easier for impersonation and deepfake scams such that distinguishing real content from fake content has become increasingly difficult. There are plenty of examples of fake conversations involving well-known figures like Steve Jobs and Mark Zuckerberg, which can deceive people into believing false information. The nature of identity in the digital age is therefore evolving quickly.

There is a need for identity verification. Potential solutions are being developed. A worrying number of these involve centralised control of the verification process. There are obviously huge second-order risks of this approach. Could public key cryptography be part of the solution to verify the authenticity of digital content without harming privacy? Could Bitcoin secure more than just monetary value?

But, how do we combat the atomisation of society caused by the internet? Will people regain a valuation in the importance of local communities, human connection and hard work, or, will technology continue to inflict damage on individuals, communities and the nation-state? Technology advances human understanding. But, it’s also swallowing humanity.

Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/solving-the-unsolvable-problems

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence

Peter Dunworth runs a multi-family office for high-net-worth families. In this interview, we discuss Bitcoin in Australia, and the reluctance of banks to embrace it despite it being the world’s most undervalued collateral. We also talk about the negative impact of state expenditure and taxation on inflation and the economy, and how markets are going to form around Bitcoin. 

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Australia should be a natural home for Bitcoin. Back in 2013, the governor of the Reserve Bank of Australia (Australia’s central bank) stated “There would be nothing to stop people in this country deciding to transact in some other currency in a shop if they wanted to. There’s no law against that, so we do have competing currencies.” This sentiment provides content for the mild approach the Australian government has historically employed to Bitcoin regulation.

As Bitcoin and digital assets mature there are demands for legislation from some prominent Australian politicians. However, as in the US, regulators are struggling to determine how to deal with Bitcoin in comparison to other digital assets. The Australian Securities and Investments Commission, the Australian version of the SEC, does not currently deem Bitcoin to be a financial product. 

This lack of regulatory clarity is why Bitcoin is yet to be fully embraced by mainstream banking in Australia. Whilst Bitcoin transactions are allowed, there are increasingly onerous banking limitations on transacting with exchanges. Essentially, banks don’t want money leaking out of their control as this reduces their ability to increase the flow of money through fractional reserve banking.

It is Peter Dunworth’s opinion though that we could be at a tipping point. Bitcoin, according to Peter, is the world’s most undervalued collateral. Banks will eventually lean into this as they will be able to add it to their balance sheets and solve their current capital adequacy problems. They will then be able to leverage it as any other balance sheet asset for loans. This is why Peter believes that, in terms of the future, Bitcoin is chronically undervalued.

Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/valuing-bitcoin

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence

L0la L33tz is a privacy advocate and writer. In this interview, we discuss her recent article about flaws in Chainalysis blockchain analysis software. They discuss the impact of such issues in the case against Roman Sterlingoff, who has been held in jail based on Chainalysis' evidence, the need for regulation in the blockchain surveillance industry, and Coindesk’s subsequent hesitance over L0la’s worthy article amid a conflict of interest.

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Roman Sterlingov has been in jail for 2 years. He has been accused of running Bitcoin Fog, a Bitcoin mixer, and laundering $334 million. No evidence has been found on any computer, thumb drive or server that links Roman to the crimes he’s accused of. The evidence that does exist has been produced by the blockchain forensics company Chainanalysis.

The DoJ’s case against Roman is progressing. As part of a court hearing on the admissibility of expert testimony, Chainalysis’s head of investigation testified that there was no scientific evidence for the accuracy of their software. This is obviously a significant revelation that tests law enforcement's belief that such analysis can be used to censor transactions and imprison people.

Chainalysis has thus far failed to provide key validating data and peer-reviewed studies. There are also significant doubts about the heuristics used by Chainalysis, such as the co-spend heuristic, which assumes that all inputs in a transaction belong to the same person. This heuristic fails when technologies like coin joins are used, where multiple people contribute inputs to a transaction.

An underlying problem is the complete lack of regulation in the blockchain surveillance industry. There should be open-source transparency as such analysis is being used to deny people their liberty and seize their assets. But, the companies involved are driven by profit and they seek to protect their intellectual property.

This has bled into the reporting on the case. CoinDesk, whose parent company is an investor in Chainalysis, initially retracted an article on this case by L0la L33tz without informing her. They later republished it. But, it calls into question some of the material conflicts of interest within the industry. To avoid a powerful nexus of special interests, it is vital that independent journalists like L0la L33tz are supported in their efforts to shine a light on such systems.

Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/is-chainalysis-prosecuting-innocent-people

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence

Lyn Alden is a macroeconomist and investment strategist. This interview is the final of three shows where we discuss Lyn’s amazing new book: Broken Money. In this show, we recap the flaws in the modern financial system, and then we discuss the potential of Bitcoin as a decentralised solution with its ability to allow hard asset money to move globally at speed.

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It is becoming increasingly clear, even to people without expertise in monetary or fiscal matters, that the current economic system is in need of urgent reform. The money supply continues to inflate, rewarding large, well-connected entities at the expense of smaller ones, with liabilities shifting from the private to the public sector. At the state level, many countries are facing serious challenges in accumulating capital and making global payments. In short, money is broken.

At a more fundamental level, there are serious technical limitations with current forms of money. Humans have been trying to make gold and silver easier to use for thousands of years, leading to the development of various banking tools. However, the increasing level of abstraction in these tools has caused major issues, especially with the rise of telecommunications. This has led to the current system where physical money is too slow for the modern global economy.

Bitcoin is a potential solution to all these issues. It is different from previous monetary innovations as it allows hard asset money to move globally at the speed of digital communications, which could revolutionise the financial system. It is unsurprising that it has emerged at the end of the long-term debt cycle, as an innovation that unified various technical concepts developed over previous decades, with the aim of creating a form of money suitable for the digital age.

But perhaps more important than the technical aspects of Bitcoin is the rigid and predictable monetary policy, which consists of two simple rules: a fixed limit of 21 million coins and a halving of the inflation rate every 210,000 blocks (approximately every four years). Its decentralised nature protects this monetary policy from being corrupted. This simplicity contrasts starkly with the complex and convoluted monetary policies of central banks and governments.

Bitcoin therefore offers a global, decentralised ledger that allows for easy cross-border transactions and protects against debasement. Whilst its advantages are more immediately obvious to the people and governments in developing countries, Bitcoin’s importance extends to all people and all countries. There are always risks to Bitcoin that the community needs to be prepared for, so it is vital to educate people about Bitcoin and its long-term potential.

Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/how-bitcoin-fixes-money

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence

Lyn Alden is a macroeconomist and investment strategist. This interview is the second of three shows where we discuss Lyn’s amazing new book: Broken Money. In this show, we explore the concept of hard money, the ascendancy of paper money and the transition from gold-backed currency to fiat currency. We talk about the birth of banks, fractional reserve lending, central banks, the flaws of the Bretton Woods system, and the impact of the petrodollar.

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Historically, hard money like gold has been considered the ideal form of money due to its scarcity & durability. However, another aspect to consider is utility. Paper money, despite not being as hard as gold, became dominant because of its convenience and speed. Speed is perhaps one of the most important functions people demand in money: throughout history, humans have sought to make money more portable and efficient.

At the same time as money was evolving, so were the institutions associated with managing money. Banks can be traced back hundreds of years with the provision of credit and the increased portability of money. The modern form of banks emerged in Europe over the past few centuries; the importance of banking to the functions of the state led to the development of central banks that financed governments, particularly during times of war.

The demand for speed opened the door for the introduction of fiat currency, which offered faster and more convenient transactions. Government legal tender laws and taxes on non-monetary assets further solidified the dominance of fiat currency. But, this also opened up the distortion of money as a result of greed and abuse. The speed arbitrage provided by fiat currency has allowed for more manipulation and corruption.

The evolution of fiat currency led to the emergence of the petrodollar: the United States sought to replace gold with the dollar and maintain its economic and military dominance by enabling the dollar to become the global reserve currency. However, this has negatively impacted countries outside of the US, and it’s also now affecting the US. The future of money needs a reboot. The development of a decentralized alternative will be the focus of the final show of this series.

Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/how-money-broke

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence

Lyn Alden is a macroeconomist and investment strategist. In this interview, we discuss Lyn’s amazing new book: Broken Money. This show, the first in a series of three shows, delves into the history of money: the concept of money as a ledger, its different forms throughout history, as well as the properties that make a commodity suitable for use as money.

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One of the key concepts Lyn explores is the idea of money as a ledger, of which there are three main forms: commodity money, governed by the specific properties of the physical commodity being used as money; bank money, which is a ledger governed by nation states and managed by central banks; and, open-source money like Bitcoin, where the ledger is governed by the users, who create and maintain the rules of the system. But how did money develop?

Money emerged as an innovation to solve the problems of barter, where the limitations of the double coincidence of wants and lack of trust between traders made transactions difficult. Money emerged as a liquid accounting system making transactions more efficient. Different cultures used various commodities as forms of money throughout history, including shell beads, cocoa, salt, and furs.

Each type of commodity used as money had unique properties that made them suitable, such as divisibility and the ability for them to be recombined. As technology advanced, people were able to produce more of these commodities, which led to their devaluation. However, two commodities that were difficult to devalue were silver and gold. These precious metals were rarer and had a natural difficulty adjustment, making them more suitable as money.

As important as the technology of money was the evolution of the theory of money. Two competing theories of money emerged: commodity theory and credit theory. Commodity theorists believed that barter was the precursor to money. However, credit as a form of money has been found in modern hunter-gatherer societies and used as an effective way of circumventing the need for commodities as money.

The current paradigm is seeing bank money and credit theory coming under significant strain. Every system controlled by human administrators degrades over time, with most currencies experiencing high inflation or even hyperinflation within a human lifetime. However, despite attempts to find alternatives like the dollar or Bitcoin, nothing quite fills the void left by the local currency. How money broke will be the focus of the next show.

Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-emergence-of-money

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Ledn - Financial services for Bitcoin hodlers Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence

Matthew Mežinskis is the creator of the Crypto Voices podcast and Porkopolis Economics website. In this interview, we discuss the concept of base money, a comparison of global currency valuations (including Bitcoin), COVID-19’s impact on the monetary base, limitations of the current monetary system, government debt, inflation, political problems, and the need for change.

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There are quite rightly real concerns over the societal implications of Central Bank Digital Currencies particularly in relation to the capacity it will give governments to erode democratic principles. However, there are already serious concerns regarding the existing system. The transmission of monetary policy, that is, the impact of central bank policy decisions on the economy, is significant. And yet, these policy decisions are done behind closed doors.

Around two-thirds of the United States’ monetary base is digital: equating to 20 trillion dollars. Central banks add and remove trillions of dollars from the monetary system through keystrokes and computer strokes, increasing and reducing the bank reserves by increasingly eye-watering amounts. The latest changes have removed material liquidity from the banking system. This has caused interest rates to rise, which has resulted in banking collapses and a cost of living crisis.

Some are calling for central banks to be abolished, such as Javier Milei, the libertarian candidate leading Argentinia’s presidential polls. However, central banks are closely entwined to the global economy; there is no easy way to surgically remove them without causing collateral damage to the real economy. Yet, if central banks continue on their current path there will be more currency collapses and a concentration of value in a narrowing set of global currencies.

The monetary system is therefore becoming a cartel controlled by a small elite who are benefiting from this situation whilst the majority suffer. There is growing dissatisfaction with this situation and a desire for change among the general population. Bitcoin can play a role in such a change: it both offers a more efficient and less restrictive alternative, but also, educates people as to the nature of the problem with a centralized monetary system.

Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/how-central-banks-broke-money

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Ledn - Financial services for Bitcoin hodlers Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence

Konstantin Kisin is a Russian-British satirist, podcaster, author and political commentator. In this interview, we discuss politics, freedom of expression, and the influence of American discourse on the UK. We also talk about the importance of rational and reasonable discussions, the challenges of self-censorship and the connection between economic issues and "wokeism".

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Cancel culture, the practice of publicly shaming or boycotting individuals or organizations deemed to have said or done something objectionable is a phenomenon that has gained prominence in recent years. The exact beginnings of cancel culture are hard to pinpoint, as public backlash and boycotts have occurred throughout history. However, the rise of social media platforms in the late 2000s and early 2010s significantly amplified cancel culture's influence.

The problem is the impact cancel culture has in shaping societal discourse and accountability. Supporters view it as a way to hold people responsible for their actions, promote social justice, and challenge systemic issues. They argue that cancelling figures or entities who promote harmful ideas helps to create a more inclusive and equitable society. It can also serve as a form of empowerment for marginalized groups.

And yet, cancel culture has faced strong and growing criticism in recent years for its significant negative impacts. The practice often lacks nuance or fairness, leading to disproportionate consequences for minor offences or misunderstandings without due process. Further, it fosters a culture of fear and self-censorship, as individuals may be afraid to express unpopular opinions or engage in critical discussions for fear of being cancelled.

Perhaps the most minacious consequence is that cancel culture can lead to further polarization in society as people retreat into echo chambers and become more resistant to differing viewpoints. The effect is to critically hinder open dialogue and mutual understanding. Rather than engaging in constructive dialogue, people are being prevented the opportunity to engage in rational and reasonable debate. If we want to remain free we must be prepared to be offended.

Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-growing-culture-war

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Ledn - Financial services for Bitcoin hodlers Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence

Ben Arc is a free open-source software advocate and founder of LNbits. In this interview, we discuss a range of subjects covering poverty, politics, and technology. We talk about the value of hard work, the impact of Brexit, the potential of decentralized platforms like Nostr, privacy concerns, censorship on social media platforms, and the importance of freedom of speech.

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Ben Arc is one of the Bitcoin community's most unheralded heroes’: there are numerous occasions when LNbits, which he co-founded, has been mentioned as a vital cog in the development of new Bitcoin software and hardware across the world, particularly in Africa. Then there is Ben’s leading development in the censor-resistant social network Nostr. And, he was an OG Bitcoin progressive pushing against the dogma that Bitcoin was solely a libertarian tool.

In this great podcast, we discuss a range of subjects close to Ben’s heart that fall into the big buckets of politics and technology. Ben has a personal experience of poverty, which has shaped his political views. We talk about this and the most important political event to have affected the UK in our lifetimes, Brexit, which has dominated headlines for years and still continues to divide opinion.

We then focus on Ben’s opinions of the potential for decentralized platforms to resist censorship and government interference. Nostr was developed out of an LNbits proof of concept application for a decentralized peer-to-peer marketplace. It has morphed into a technology that's not only revolutionizing the way developers build applications but also facilitates a censorship-resistant global social network.

In an era of increasing digital censorship, alternative platforms that prioritize freedom of speech are more important than ever. With the backing of influential figures like Jack Dorsey, Nostr could become a dominant platform in the tech world that disintermediates middlemen and tackles censorship. And it shows the potential of Bitcoin to continue to revolutionize industries.

Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/what-nostr-did

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Ledn - Financial services for Bitcoin hodlers Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence

Nigel Farage is a prominent British broadcaster and former politician. In this interview, in the wake of the controversial closure of Nigel’s bank account that led to the resignation of the CEO of Natwest Bank, we discuss the importance of individual sovereignty and the control of money by the state. We also discuss the growing concern over CBDCs and the critical importance of cash.

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In June 2023, Nigel Farage had his Coutts UK bank account unexpectedly closed. He firmly believed that this action was a result of political persecution. This sparked a heated debate, with prominent politicians, such as the UK’s Chancellor of the Exchequer Jeremy Hunt, expressing concerns about the denial of financial services to those who engage in lawful free speech.

The BBC reported in early July that Farage's Coutts account had been shut down because he didn't meet the bank’s minimum investment threshold. However, this version of events was untrue. Farage had obtained a document (through a subject access request to Coutts) revealing that the closure of his accounts was in fact due to his political views not aligning with the bank's values.

The CEO of the NatWest Group, Dame Alison Rose, was the source for the BBC’s initial incorrect story. Natwest, the owner of Coutts, is one of the major UK banks. The British Government bailed out the banking group during the Global Financial Crisis, and they still own 39% of the company. Responding to the mounting pressure, Dame Rose resigned on July 25, 2023.

These unfolding events shed light on the challenges faced by individuals when financial institutions seemingly conflate personal beliefs with the provision of banking services. The situation underscores the importance of upholding freedom of speech and the need for transparency and accountability within the banking sector.

Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-debanking-of-nigel-farage

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Ledn - Financial services for Bitcoin hodlers Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence

Samantha De Waal is a 12-year-old lifetime Bitcoiner. In this interview, we discuss her experiences as a Bitcoiner, including her challenges in being taken seriously as a young advocate. We also talk about the importance of considering children's needs and perspectives in the Bitcoin community and more generally in society.

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According to the United Nations, in 2023, there are approximately 2.4 billion people aged 0-18 years worldwide. This represents around 30% of the total global population. As they represent a substantial proportion of humanity, it is imperative to consider their perspectives. And yet, children and young adults find it hard to be heard in any of the debates on the major issues the world currently faces; these issues we are expecting them to handle in the near future.

Too often we all belittle the views of those under 18. Anyone who has forthright opinions is deemed to be parroting a mentor's opinions rather than their own. Whilst it is true that life experience counts for a lot in terms of developing wisdom, those younger than ourselves have significantly important views and ideas born of experiences unique to those older than themselves.

Generation Z, or Zoomers, are digital natives. Being born into a society rooted in the advances of the internet means that they are incredibly more comfortable with the digital revolution than previous generations. Such confidence only improves over time: the current generation, Generation Alpha, will exceed the abilities of Zoomers. And each generation is less encumbered with the traditions of the past and more open to change.

It is from such young people that the solutions to the coming crises will emerge, including the impending economic crisis. It is therefore imperative that they are included in the important conversations that are taking place, and that they are given time to express themselves. For the Bitcoin community, this means giving space for discussion in podcasts, conferences and articles. It also means accounting for their specific needs to help them embrace Bitcoin.

Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/orange-pilling-your-kids

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Ledn - Financial services for Bitcoin hodlers Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence

Doomberg is an anonymous collective producing the world’s most popular financial substack. In this interview, we discuss the state of scientific research in the context of the potential game-changing implications that a room-temperature superconductor may have been developed. We talk about the framework for evaluating such claims, the importance of critical thinking, and a range of other current topics of debate.

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In the digital age, reducing the electrical resistance of conducting materials is one of the major problems scientists are working on; such resistance leads to energy loss in the form of heat, and thereby, the inefficient transmission of electricity and increased costs. The US energy grid loses about 5% of electricity through transmission lines due to such resistance, enough energy to power the whole of Central America 4 times over.

The innovation that overcomes the resistance issue is superconductivity: the phenomenon where certain materials can conduct electric current with zero resistance so there is no energy loss due to resistance and no heat generation. Further, superconductors can carry electric current indefinitely without any degradation of the signal, making them incredibly efficient.

Superconductivity’s impact on technological progress is significant. It enables the development of more efficient electrical systems beyond power transmission: it has revolutionized fields such as medical imaging, particle accelerators and quantum computing. It could also lead to breakthroughs in fields like transportation, where superconducting materials could create highly efficient electric motors or levitation systems for maglev trains.

However, traditional superconductors require extremely low temperatures, often near absolute zero, making their implementation and maintenance expensive and impractical. If superconductivity could be achieved at or close to room temperature, it could herald a new technology revolution. So, when South Korean researchers recently announced the discovery of a new room-temperature superconductor material called LK 99, ‘X’ (i.e. Twitter) went crazy.

However, there is a massive gap between claims of scientific breakthrough and peer-reviewed validation. Unfortunately, in this case, other researchers are struggling to replicate the original work. As such, whilst the excitement around such news is obviously merited, we need all to remain rooted in the methodical scientific method, which is predicated on scepticism. As Carl Sagan stated, “extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence”.

Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-breakdown-of-trust-with-doomberg

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Ledn - Financial services for Bitcoin hodlers Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence

In this interview with Parker Lewis, we discuss the book he is currently writing, the Bitcoin scenes in Austin and Nashville, the triggers for a significant shift in Bitcoin adoption, the potential effects of hyperinflation, and how governments may seek to regulate and tax Bitcoin.

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Everyone has their own Bitcoin journey. However, each journey takes a very similar route: cynical awareness, dabbling, investing, rabbit hole, awareness, getting burnt, realisation, all in, obsession. Gradually, then suddenly. The process explains the rationale behind hodling, but also, why adoption takes time. Bitcoin requires effort before the payoff can begin. Proof of work.

Understanding Bitcoin also requires a fundamental change of perspective. Society long ago jettisoned the logic of adhering to a low-time preference; the modern consumerist fiat system is predicated on living for the now. The intellectual and moral hollowness of this approach is manifest in the multitude of major issues confronting our society today.

We need a realignment with a more mature ideology best imagined by the famous Greek proverb ‘Society grows when men plant trees that they know they will never sit under’. This realignment may result more from necessity rather than an awakening: the seeds of hyperinflation have been sown into the economic fabric of most nations, and we’re starting to see the edifice crumble. Those who adopt Bitcoin first will be best placed to weather the coming storms.

There is a flip side risk for those who hold Bitcoin. History is littered with examples of the state confiscating private wealth. This risk is obviously most acute when the state’s coffers have run dry. The fact is that global debt is now at an all-time high; further, deficits keep increasing. Now, with rising interest rates, debt levels are becoming unmanageable. A reckoning is coming. Prepare accordingly.

Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/will-blackrock-be-bitcoins-suddenly-moment 

This episode’s sponsors:

Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Ledn - Financial services for Bitcoin hodlers Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence

Tony Giorgio is the co-founder and CEO of Mutiny Wallet, a self-custodial lightning wallet. In this interview, we discuss the privacy implications of using Lightning Network, challenges faced by Mutiny, the concept of coin swaps, the web-based nature of Mutiny, the Lightning Service Provider (LSP) model, and the potential future developments of Mutiny.

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Just over three weeks ago Mutiny launched what it refers to as the “first self-custodial lightning wallet that runs on the web.” Being web-based means that Mutiny can innovate without the restrictions that can and are placed on wallets distributed via app stores. In this fascinating podcast, Mutiny’s co-founder and CEO Tony Giorgio sets out the background, challenges and future for Mutiny.

Mutiny started as a hackathon project that the founders developed whilst working at Voltage, the Bitcoin-focused infrastructure provider. Voltage supported the founders by allowing them to develop Mutiny whilst also building the lightning service provider for Voltage, which now also powers Mutiny!

Tony discusses the challenges faced with interoperability on lightning nodes, having intuitive payment functionality for non-technical users, and the difficulties of enabling automatic software updates. Tony also explains the concept of coin swaps, how Mutiny utilizes lightning as a contract layer for these transactions, and how this approach eliminates the need for a middleman and allows users to control their funds in new ways.

Tony finally covers the advanced features of Mutiny wallet: integrating cold storage, social tipping, facilitating wallet connections, and other innovative features such as enabling people to manage subscriptions on top of Lightning. Then there are Mutiny’s future plans like integrating e-cash and allowing users to easily transition from a custodial to a non-custodial lightning transaction. It’s an exciting project, to say the least.

Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/the-bitcoin-mutiny

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Ledn - Financial services for Bitcoin hodlers Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence

Macro Alf is the founder of The Macro Compass, an investment strategy firm. In this interview, we discuss different types of bank money, QE, deficits, money printing, and whether a debt spiral is looming.

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What constitutes ‘money printing’ is a hotly contested topic and something we have convered on the show numerous times. The debate among economists of what  "money printing" is and its impact on the ‘real economy’ revolves around two key ideas: the definition of money printing and its actual influence on the economy. 

While some experts equate money printing with direct central bank action like quantitative easing, others take into account broader credit creation and the impact that has on the broader money supply and the economy.

The delineation between the financial sector and the real economy is the crucial proponent and while some economists view money printing as primarily affecting asset prices and financial markets, with limited direct impact on the production of goods and services. Others stress that adding liquidity to the system is enough to create financial stability and increase confidence in the economy, therefore, affecting consumer and business decisions, and again, the ‘real economy’.

In this episode, we get to the bottom of money creation, how it impacts the economy and the role of central banks in managing an economy.

Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/money-printing-the-debt-spiral

This episode’s sponsors:

Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Ledn - Financial services for Bitcoin hodlers Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence

American HODL is an OG Bitcoiner who has been promoting the innovation for over 8 years. In this interview, we discuss a whole range of topics from free speech, the idea of a Bitcoin citadel, scaling Bitcoin and the race to hyperbitcoinisation.

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Back in June, American HODL tweeted “If you’re new, you may not know that [Balaji Srinivasan] offered up the concept of voice vs exit back in ‘15. Voice = interior reform. Exit = voting with feet. Since then exit has become the rallying cry for many. Balaji and other proponents have already left. Here’s why I’m staying…”

Is the concept of voting with your feet and leaving the city, state or country that is your home defeatist? Instead, should we be concentrating on staying, and reforming our own communities?

The degree to which a distorted currency distorts reality is certainly underappreciated outside of Bitcoin, and the wide ranging implications of Bitcoin as a global monetary system are yet to be seen, but rather than exiting the system, by staying and cleaning it up we will see what Bitcoin can actually fix.

Show notes: https://www.whatbitcoindid.com/podcast/what-does-bitcoin-fix

This episode’s sponsors:

Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Ledn - Financial services for Bitcoin hodlers Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your Bitcoin with confidence

Marty Bent is a Venture Partner at Ten31, founder of the Bitcoin-focused media company TFTC.io, and Director of Cathedra Bitcoin. In this interview, we discuss the potential implementation of a global financial system based on CBDCs and the role of the Bank of International Settlements (BIS). We also talk about the potential role of Bitcoin in fighting against state actors.

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CBDCs are the unwanted concomitants of Satoshi’s innovation: the state’s answer to the settlement improvements offered by Bitcoin, without any of the fundamental design features predicated on protecting individuals in the digital age. They represent everything Satoshi was working against: the chance for the state to fully capture and control people’s use of money with all of the inherent dangers to democracy and individual liberty that this brings.

Technological developments akin to CBDCs were always going to manifest, but, it is obviously not a coincidence that work on them accelerated in the shadow of Bitcoin. For over a century, governments, central banks and other centralising institutions have had an unfettered ability to control and manipulate money; money printing and inflation rigged the system in favour of the dealer. Bitcoin offers a chance for a new and fairer system.

Whilst it is easier for those with knowledge to identify the extreme contrast between the two forms of money, it is also clear how and why people believe CBDCs are a good idea. The state has an asymmetric power in pushing narratives; promoting the benefits of having the utility of instant digital transactions that safeguards against paedophiles, terrorists and money launders, will certainly seem like an incontestable advancement. It’s just that we know this isn’t the purpose.

The ring leader in this global effort to retain central authority over money is being led by the Bank of International Settlements. The BIS is behind a number of pilot projects that sound like they were devised by a megalomaniac James Bond villain (Project Rosalind, Project Polaris). Playing the role of Blofeld is Agustín Carstens.

In 2022 Mr Carstens stated “the soul of money belongs neither to a big tech nor to an anonymous ledger. The soul of money is trust… central banks have been and continue to be the institutions best placed to provide trust in the digital age.” Carstens believes that technology can’t make trusted money. He is expecting us to ignore the evidence of history where institutions have repeatedly abused the trust bestowed on them. And he is asking us to ignore Bitcoin.

This episode’s sponsors:

Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Ledn - Financial services for Bitcoin hodlers Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence

Tuur Demeester is a Bitcoin investor and economist. In this interview, we discuss the significance of Bitcoin as a sound and auditable form of money, the impact of BlackRock embracing Bitcoin, and the importance of understanding the financial system. Tuur shares his insights as an early adopter of Bitcoin and reflects on its progress over the years. We also discuss addiction treatment.

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Given that Bitcoin is now being promoted by the world’s largest asset manager, it is easy to forget how nascent the innovation still is. In the early days of Bitcoin, just over a decade ago, understanding Bitcoin was a challenge. And yet, despite the uncertainties, such as how Bitcoin would scale and the potential attack vectors, the signal was clear - Bitcoin was driven by engineers, not money.

The role of cypherpunks should not be underestimated: it was their diligent work in seeking to protect privacy and human rights in the digital space that provided the solid basis for Bitcoin. Fast forward to today, and we see increased adoption and improved understanding of Bitcoin's vulnerabilities. It's exciting to witness this combination of increased adoption and improved understanding.

In this podcast, Tuur Demeester discusses the resistance and challenges that Bitcoin faces, especially from those who have built wealth and status within traditional financial systems. Further, we discuss Bitcoin’s evolving narrative, particularly in relation to environmental concerns, and how the changing narrative will be assisted by BlackRock’s endorsement of Bitcoin which could force mainstream media outlets to reconsider their negative stance.

Tuur outlines the importance of asking simple questions to understand the financial system, such as where money comes from and what determines the price of money. Through this lens, one is better able to appreciate Bitcoin’s role as an insurance policy. Tuur also discusses the threats to Bitcoin's expansion, highlighting the importance of not losing track of the principles and values that got us here. We also have a fascinating discussion about addiction treatment.

This episode’s sponsors:

Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Ledn - Financial services for Bitcoin hodlers Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence

Marty Bent is a Venture Partner at Ten31, founder of the Bitcoin-focused media company TFTC.io, and Director of Cathedra Bitcoin, and Grant Gilliam is a co-founder and Managing Partner at Ten31. In this interview, we discuss investing in Bitcoin and Bitcoin-associated ventures, including the specifics of investing in Bitcoin mining.

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VC funds within the crypto space have developed a bad reputation over recent years. However, Ten31 is an investment fund with a major difference: it was formed by Bitcoiners dedicated to supporting Bitcoiners. Whilst obviously being business driven, it is also mission-driven in supporting companies that are building infrastructure and bringing utility to the Bitcoin network.

It is therefore a unique source of investment for entrepreneurs as both sides of the table share the same vision i.e. Bitcoin is a paradigm-shifting technology that will be the basis of future economic value. The Bitcoin focus is an explicit feature of the company: the fund is named after the date of Satoshi’s whitepaper, whilst the logo is a hat tip to the proof of work diagram within it.

Since the fund's inception, Ten31 has directed more than $100 million in equity to companies building on Bitcoin and the Lightning Network. Grant Gilliam and Marty Bent set out their experience of investing in Bitcoin companies: the challenges, the benefit of valuing such companies in Bitcoin, and the importance of having Bitcoin on the balance sheet.

The discussion also focuses on the investment opportunities within the Bitcoin mining industry. Mining has a low barrier to entry, making it an attractive business for many. Further opportunities are developing through the convergence of the energy sector and the bitcoin mining industry, which is happening in real-time. Ten31 believe that those Bitcoin mining companies with the right calibre of people will accrue significant value.

This episode’s sponsors:

Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Ledn - Financial services for Bitcoin hodlers Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence

Car González is the co-founder of Pleb Lab, a Bitcoin accelerator in Austin. In this interview, we discuss the Bitcoin community in Austin, why he decided to start Pleb Lab, how to grow Bitcoin development and the importance of third spaces for Bitcoiners.

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Building businesses is hard. Many brilliant ideas often don’t make it through the first year - it’s not their concept or even their people that’s the problem, they’re just not robust enough to survive. This is where accelerators come in - providing support when companies often need it most.

They play an important role for startups by providing expertise & resources to early-stage companies. These programs offer an environment where startups receive mentorship, gaining invaluable insights and guidance to navigate the challenges of business development.

Businesses in Bitcoin are no different. The need for Bitcoin-specific spaces is critical, and in 2021, Pleb Lab was founded to address this market. They created a hacker space and accelerator that supports early-stage Bitcoin startups and developers.

This episode’s sponsors:

Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Ledn - Financial services for Bitcoin hodlers Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your Bitcoin with confidence

Jeff Ross is the Founder & CEO of Vailshire Capital Management. In this interview, we discuss Jeff’s twin expertise in finance and medicine, the impact of AI, and the importance of personal responsibility. We also talk about the state of the global economy, liquidity in the Bitcoin market, the benefits of the state having Bitcoin as a reserve asset, and the changing narrative around Bitcoin.

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One of the powerful libertarian ideas aligned with Bitcoin is personal sovereignty: the rights of the individual including the protection of property rights. Advocates of this belief espouse it has a vital corollary where sovereign individuals also accept personal responsibility, in showing agency to better themselves and being accountable for their actions.

In modern society, there does seem to be an increasing problem of people relinquishing themselves of such responsibility, manifested in poor financial and health choices. Whilst it is true that a significant number of citizens can find themselves facing difficult life choices through no fault of their own, there equally needs to be an acceptance that too many are willing to throw caution to the wind and the states can’t be expected to automatically pick up the pieces.

The problem for society today is that the state could quite quickly become unable to provide the support citizens have until now taken for granted. Governments are struggling to manage their debt obligations with rampant inflation leading to rising interest rates. At the same time, we are in the midst of a global manufacturing crisis.

One strategy Jeff Ross thinks governments could apply is the adoption of Bitcoin as a reserve asset. This could both strengthen economies, whilst also creating an honest unit of account. It is a rare option that provides a potential path to growth, the reduction of debt and protects future generations. But, such a transition is far from certain. Those unprepared therefore face significant risks. If governments can’t be responsible, then it’s the role of the individual to protect themselves.

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Ledn - Financial services for Bitcoin hodlers Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence

Alex Leishman is a Founder, CEO, & CTO of River Financial. In this interview, we discuss the case of Prime Trust, a crypto infrastructure company, that’s been placed into receivership following key management errors that resulted in it losing customer funds. We talk about the challenges of asset custody in the Bitcoin industry and the benefits and complexities of building a regulated business.

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Key management is the Achilles' heel for most Bitcoiners. We all know the importance of having a diligent process for safeguarding seed phrases, and yet, many people have experienced material loss as a result of losing access to keys. Currently, around 4 million Bitcoin, over 20% of the available supply, are estimated to have been lost. The concerning thing is that this isn’t just a result of individuals making errors: there are businesses that are also culpable.

Prime Trust is a crypto services company that provided APIs and plug and play widgets for digital asset companies seeking backend infrastructure. A court in Nevada has just placed it in receivership citing operational instability and insolvency risks. The root issue is that Prime Trust accidentally lost access to wallets containing tens of millions of dollars in assets. Not your keys not your coins for the millionth time.

Custody is hard. But, it’s the same old basic lessons that underpin sound custody solutions. Avoid complexity. Have robust processes. Think about the long term rather than taking expeditious shortcuts. Target self-custody. However, these are lessons that are somewhat alien to the fiat ideology of “move fast and break things”. The community, therefore, needs to educate the new investor class that will be attracted to Bitcoin in the next bull market.

This episode’s sponsors:

Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Ledn - Financial services for Bitcoin hodlers Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence

Alex Thorn is Head of Firmwide Research at Galaxy. In this interview, we discuss Bitcoin Park and others' efforts to promote Bitcoin, the impact of BlackRock's involvement in Bitcoin, and the legal battle between Coinbase and the SEC. We also talk about the need for education and inclusivity for Bitcoin, the importance of maintaining decentralization, and the impact of Bitcoin on the future.

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BlackRock is the world’s largest asset manager, with AUM in excess of $9 trillion. So, the news that they were throwing their hat into the spot Bitcoin ETF ring has unsurprisingly caused excitement and concern within the Bitcoin community. If BlackRock is successful it will materially widen access to Bitcoin, and significantly increase the buying pressure.

In terms of signal, this is perhaps the most important event in the validation of Bitcoin as an asset. Larry Fink, BlackRock’s CEO, has changed tack and is now endorsing Bitcoin as digital gold. Such comments penetrate more than those of other commentators and provide unparalleled credence to Bitcoin amongst the professional investing class.

The pressure on the SEC will only now increase as they review the latest batch of Bitcoin spot ETF applications. This is at a time when they are involved in a number of critical legal disputes, including their battle against Coinbase. The SEC’s approach - failing to provide formal rulemaking for the crypto markets whilst operating a divide-and-rule approach to individual companies - is "extremely stifling" to say the least.

That said, whilst increased engagement from traditional asset managers is welcomed, it also comes with material risks. There are rightfully severe concerns about their involvement's impact on efforts to promote self-custody and strengthen decentralisation. It is vital that those managing or advising new investments are educated on Bitcoin’s unique characteristics in ways that appeal, and that they are welcomed into the Bitcoin community.

Bitcoin needs to be understood and embraced by mainstream culture in order to achieve widespread adoption. The community, therefore, needs to make Bitcoin accessible to a diverse group of people, regardless of their backgrounds, experiences, geographies, and ideologies. At the same time, Bitcoin’s core values need to be protected. Strong, principled voices like Marty Bent, Stephan Livera, and Matt Odell, need to continue educating and guiding the community.

This episode’s sponsors:

Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Ledn - Financial services for Bitcoin hodlers Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence

Matthew Pines is the Director of Intelligence at the Krebs Stamos Group and a Fellow at the Bitcoin Policy Institute specializing in national security. In this interview, we discuss the growing sense that the US government may imminently disclose the existence of craft of non-human origin and that it actually possesses intact and partially intact examples of such craft.

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On July 26th, next Wednesday, the Republican-led House Oversight Committee will hold a hearing on unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAPs), a new term government agencies use for UFOs. Many believe that this change in nomenclature and the hearing is part of a process aimed at preparing the public for disclosure that the existence of non-human technology is real and that US government agencies and corporations may have retrieved craft of non-human origin.

Until recently, UAPs/UFOs were considered a fringe topic. Those in political circles and mainstream media organisations would publicly avoid the subject: it was officially ridiculed, and those who engaged in it risked career suicide. Now, it has suddenly become acceptable to seriously discuss the matter. On Monday (17th July), the White House itself stated UAPs are a "real issue" having "an impact" on the United States Air Force.

What changed?

Matthew Pines take us through the mechanisms of government bureaucracy in terms of official secrets: who gets clearances and the ‘need to know’. Matthew then takes us through the recent extraordinary whistleblower claims of a government coverup in relation to UAPs, why some within the government now feel enabled and compelled to come forward with extraordinary claims, and an effort to silence them.

It’s not hyperbolic to state that if such claims are publicly substantiated, it will be the biggest event in human history. It is telling that esteemed people who have close knowledge of this subject matter, including prominent politicians, high-ranking officials and qualified professionals, give credence to the UAP phenomenon. We wait with bated breath to see if these extraordinary claims are backed with extraordinary evidence.

This episode’s sponsors:

Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Ledn - Financial services for Bitcoin hodlers Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence

Preston Pysh is a co-founder of The Investor Podcast Network, and Matt Odell is host of Citadel Dispatch, co-host of Rabbit Hole Recap, managing partner at Ten31 and co-founder of OpenSats and Bitcoin Park. In this interview, we discuss Bitcoin’s impact on privacy, freedom, and the financial system. We also talk about the impact and risks of BlackRock’s involvement in Bitcoin, the challenges faced by energy companies adopting Bitcoin, and Bitcoin’s potential to massively reorganize wealth.

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This is another What Bitcoin Did live show, this time held in Bitcoin Park in Nashville, with two heavyweights of the Bitcoin community: Preston Pysh and Matt Odell. As ever for a live show, we used the opportunity to cover a range of topics. But, the show focused on two main issues: the perennial concern about whether enough users recognize the critical need for privacy to maintain freedom in the digital age; and a new concern regarding BlackRock’s impact on Bitcoin.

There are significant risks associated with centralized control and surveillance by governments and corporations, but, the iterative eroding of rights means that these systemic risks are often underappreciated. Most people prioritize convenience and are not actively seeking out privacy-oriented tools. To avoid a dystopian future with limited freedom people need to be empowered with both education and user-friendly tools.

Further, the lead in promoting and facilitating privacy lies with individuals outside of established multinational tech platforms; grassroots adoption of freedom tech is key to the success of this mission. The oligarchs who control large tech platforms, whilst promoting principles predicated on freedom of expression, actually prioritize the massive collection of data and control. Having a trustless system means just that: we shouldn’t need to rely on the word of any one person.

The concern about BlackRock’s proposed Bitcoin ETF also covers the concern regarding privacy and centralised control. In essence, will BlackRock’s involvement increase adoption and strengthen Bitcoin, or, will the reliance on a centralised company to hold a large concentration of paper promises weaken Bitcoin? BlackRock’s power will spread interest in Bitcoin, but will also certainly erode the ongoing push for self-custody.

Further, are concerns about BlackRock dominating Bitcoin and forcing a hard fork overstated? Certainly, BlackRock could exert influence on Bitcoin, particularly from a regulatory standpoint. But, Bitcoin is resistant to change, and, there is already a significantly strong and cohesive community of hodlers. A major legacy financial institution trying to exert its influence on Bitcoin could yet be Bitcoin’s biggest and most important battle.

This episode’s sponsors: Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Ledn - Financial services for Bitcoin hodlers Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence

Matt Odell is host of Citadel Dispatch, co-host of Rabbit Hole Recap, managing partner at Ten31 and co-founder of OpenSats and Bitcoin Park. In this interview, we discuss Bitcoin conferences and podcasts, the importance of decentralized tech, the implications of identity verification on social media, Nostr’s potential as a censorship-resistant social network, and the involvement of BlackRock in Bitcoin.

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Matt Odell is the Bitcoiners Bitcoiner: mission-driven, innovative, generous and yet unyielding in his expectations of the community. Given he’s a fellow podcaster and conference veteran, it was an invaluable opportunity to talk shop, but his wide-ranging expertise means we could again cover a plethora of current hot topics.

Matt discussed his views on the surge in global Bitcoin conferences and the changing landscape of Bitcoin podcasts. The boom in events, catering to various niches within the Bitcoin community, is a testament to the growth and diversity of this space. Podcasts too need to stand out from the crowd, whilst taking on mainstream content providers in terms of interviewing adroitness and production quality.

We discussed the pros and cons of having a blue checkmark on Twitter: whilst it can help users identify and connect with influential people, there are material concerns about the current identity verification system. The corollary to concerns about traditional social media companies is the potential to disintermediate these closed centralised systems with innovations like Nostr. Together with Bitcoin, Nostr could be a powerful tool for freedom movements.

Matt covered the critical importance of educating people on the risks and benefits of decentralization. Individuals with platforms and audiences should explain these risks to lessen the impact and pain that people may experience in a dark dystopian future where censorship and control are prevalent.

Finally, Matt provided his take on BlackRock's involvement in Bitcoin. Blackrock is the institution that Bitcoin was designed to resist. However, their involvement is a paradigm shift for Bitcoin’s narrative. Nevertheless, there are risks tied to the proposed Blackrock Bitcoin ETF. It's essential to learn how to hold self-custody of your Bitcoin instead of buying a paper claim. And further, it’s important Blackrock understand they can’t control Bitcoin.

This episode’s sponsors:

Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Ledn - Financial services for Bitcoin hodlers Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence

Dennis Porter is the CEO & co-founder of the Satoshi Action Fund. In this interview, we discuss the intersection of Bitcoin and politics, and how the Satoshi Action Fund is orange-pilling states. Dennis outlines the success the fund is having in changing policy towards Bitcoin mining across multiple jurisdictions by focusing on its clear and direct economic and energy benefits.

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Over the past few months, a number of states have been passing laws protecting the right to mine Bitcoin mining. As the success of the US experiment is predicated on the protection of reserved powers within the states, the passing of such laws has the power to determine the trajectory of Bitcoin mining within the US. A number of advocacy bodies are behind this movement. Front and centre is the Satoshi Action Fund.

Dennis Porter, CEO and co-founder of the Fund describes his experience of orange pilling states. He discusses the importance of education. Bitcoin obviously takes time to learn and understand. This means advocates need to dedicate time and identify the right people to focus on. He sets out the strategy of finding and focusing on attractors who are open to learning and ignoring detractors who have already solidified an opinion.

Dennis also sets out what Bitcoiners should expect in return from politicians. Bitcoiners are now a powerful voting block, so we need to demand more than mere lip service from politicians who claim to support Bitcoin. We should strive for a transition from empty promises to the introduction and passing of policies that truly benefit Bitcoin and its community.

Dennis encourages all of us to participate in the political system: active participation is the best way of creating a better environment for Bitcoin. His inspiration is drawn from the founding fathers of the United States, who fought for independence through their political engagement. By getting involved, we can shape policy decisions that facilitate the growth and acceptance of Bitcoin.

This episode’s sponsors:

Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Ledn - Financial services for Bitcoin hodlers Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence

Junseth is an OG Bitcoiner and the former co-host of Bitcoin Uncensored. In this wide ranging interview, we discuss Bitcoin volatility and it’s repetitive cycles, the ossification of the Bitcoin protocol and the current state of development, Bitcoin anonymity and privacy, the profitability of mining, and Bitcoin’s future as an alternative to traditional money in a world of global collapse.

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Bitcoin’s development over the past 14 years has been both phenomenal and revelatory. Apart from Hal Finney, nobody saw its significant influence on the energy sector. Furthermore, nobody foresaw the impact of ordinals. That’s why, as we contemplate the potential for Bitcoin to enter a new and significant bull market cycle, questions as to what Bitcoin is and will become are as fascinating as at any time since its launch in January 2009.

The debates over the protocol's conservative development are as impassioned as ever. Questions over the persistence of Bitcoin’s price cycles continue to produce significant amounts of content. The complex challenges of maintaining privacy, and the associated misconceptions of average users, endure. The resilient strength of the mining industry never ceases to amaze.

However, the bigger picture is still focused on the singular issue of the basic right to transact. The traditional notion of currency control places the state as the arbiter of money. Yet, the past decade has witnessed central banks exerting ever greater control of financial systems and the weaponisation of money by the state. Bitcoin was designed as a vital alternative as trust in traditional processes erodes.

Given its power to disintermediate powerful centralised institutions, the primary concern of Bitcoiners is whether governments will seek to control, limit or ban it. Bitcoiners believe that the state's regulation of money should be limited, allowing individuals to freely hold and transact any form of currency. Further, these rights should be codified into a Second Amendment right to hold Bitcoin. We’re back to the cypherpunk philosophy: freedom to transact is freedom of speech.

This episode’s sponsors:

Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Ledn - Financial services for Bitcoin hodlers Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence

Linda Parker is CEO and Maddison Clyne is an Associate Director for Women in Distress. In this interview, we discuss their work aiding survivors of domestic violence and their interest in Bitcoin as a means of financial empowerment. They talk about the rise in domestic violence during the pandemic, the challenges faced by survivors, and the importance of education.

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According to a CDC survey, around 41% of women and 26% of men in the U.S. have experienced sexual violence, physical violence, and/or stalking by an intimate partner. It affects millions or people every year. It is a significant public health issue that has devastating physical, emotional, and psychological effects on individuals and families. U.S. crime reports suggest that about 1 in 5 homicide victims are killed by an intimate partner.

Having access to resources and support can can be life-changing for victims. However, there is a critical lack of provision. One organisation providing this much-needed support is Women In Distress of Broward County: it is a nonprofit organization dedicated to providing support and services to individuals experiencing domestic violence in Broward County, Florida. Their mission is to empower and advocate for victims while promoting a violence-free community.

Women In Distress seeks to mitigate the cycle of abuse, power and control dynamics within relationships, societal stigma and shame surrounding domestic violence, and the huge barriers survivors can face when trying to leave an abusive relationship. By offering an array of services, education, and community collaboration, Women In Distress strives to create a society where domestic violence is not tolerated and survivors can rebuild their lives.

The organization offers a range of comprehensive services to survivors of domestic violence, which include a 24-hour crisis hotline, counselling and therapy, support groups, legal advocacy, and assistance with obtaining restraining orders. Women In Distress also provides specialized programs for children who have witnessed or experienced domestic violence, as well as outreach and education initiatives to raise awareness. If you are able to donate please do so.

This episode’s sponsors:

Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Ledn - Financial services for Bitcoin hodlers Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence

Robert Breedlove is a philosopher and podcaster within the Bitcoin space. In this wide-ranging interview, we discuss the consequences of the middle class getting destroyed, the hubris of central planning, games of mimetic desire, how Bitcoin is a high-trust environment, Bitcoin’s enemies, fasting and living life beyond the ego.

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Robert Breedlove has cemented a role as one of the fiercest freedom maximalists within the Bitcoin space. He is a powerful advocate for decentralization, Bitcoin, and the principles of sound money. And, he is also a fellow podcaster, hosting the "What is Money?" podcast, which explores economics, technology, and financial philosophy from a sound money perspective.

The interview delves into the impact of economic factors on culture and politics, and whether growing divisiveness in the US and other countries is a result of the destruction of the middle class and the erosion of property rights. We discuss the consequences of poor incentives, the misallocation of capital, taxation and government.

We opine on the advantages and disadvantages of currency and the effects of money printing. The discussion considers the need for a hard reset or a wake-up call to address the flaws of our current economic paradigms, predicated on a “colossal hubris” of thinking the world is a compliant machine enabling the global economic systems to be planned in advance.

Robert also explains the concept of mimetic desire and its impact on our work and personal lives. We explore the importance of staying true to oneself, and finding inspiration while avoiding becoming too similar to others. We finish on the benefits of fasting and living life beyond the ego. As I stated, this is a comprehensive show!

This episode’s sponsors:

Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Ledn - Financial services for Bitcoin hodlers Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence

Balaji Srinivasan is an angel investor, tech founder, and author of ‘The Network State’. In this interview, we discuss the idea of starting new countries ("network states”), based on social networks built around a shared ideal that can monetize effectively. We also talk about how and why the media ignores major global news stories, and how to prepare for the coming collapse.

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In the past 14 years, we have seen a powerful global community built around a shared ideal. Bitcoin is obviously much more than a technical innovation: it is a vision of building a new economic paradigm from the bottom up, which shifts the centre of power from the state to the individual. Being open-sourced, leaderless and decentralised, it has proven that there are new ways for people to connect, contribute and collaborate to build new systems.

Balaji Srinivasan’s latest book takes this revolution one step further, and explores the idea of starting new countries, or what he calls "network states." These network states can be formed by a group of people connected through a social network, with their own income, real estate, and even their own ideological platforms. It's like a political party, but working outside of the limits of national boundaries.

The measure of success for these network states lies in their ability to materialise their online presence into the physical world: “You do meetups and eventually you go from crowdfunding brunches to crowdfunding buildings.” It challenges the traditional notion of what a country is and opens up possibilities for new forms of governance and community-building.

As legacy nations resort to ever more authoritarian methods to protect the fiat system, the importance of allocation, location and organisation to individuals will become more apparent. But, this is more than a theory. Balaji is allocating a material amount of capital to funding startup ‘Network State’ communities. The aim is to create frontier societies, providing alternatives to failed states and attracting ambitious individuals seeking a new kind of society.

This episode’s sponsors:

Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Ledn - Financial services for Bitcoin hodlers Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence

Aaron Daniel is an Appellate attorney and author of The Bitcoin Brief, a newsletter analysing Bitcoin’s effect on law and society. In this interview, we discuss how justice in arbitration can be applied in a Hyperbitcoinised World. We talk about systemic issues with current legal systems, and how using Bitcoin tools like Fedimint can enable arbitration to become decentralised.

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Despite the limitations of our legal systems, at least there are established bodies recognised as intermediaries for dispute resolution, and methods for enforcing judgements on debtors. Aaron Daniels, an attorney and Bitcoiner, has been examining what happens in a hyperbitcoinised world that has circumvented centralised authorities undertaking enforcement action.

Aaron has given serious consideration to the concept of anchoring dispute resolution systems into Bitcoin. He is looking at the tools being developed, such as Fedimint, and other systems using escrow agents, arbitration panels and oracles. The emerging ideas promise a new set of arbitration services that are transparent, efficient, affordable, inclusive and localised.

This then turns the tables back on the current legal system and focuses on its limitations. It is a system that has become increasingly costly that reinforces societal inequalities. Lack of access to justice based on cost is one of society's more pernicious issues. It results in an asymmetric balance of power in favour of those who have resources against those that don’t. Further, it is a system based on archaic centralised rules that don’t work for many communities.

So, we could be on the cusp of a new and evolving set of arbitration services, linked to Bitcoin, that provide individuals with a fair and transparent environment for dispute resolution. And, it is a sign of a mature system that people are putting serious time into working on these issues.

This episode’s sponsors:

Iris Energy - Bitcoin Mining. Done Sustainably Ledn - Financial services for Bitcoin hodlers Bitcasino - The Future of Gaming is here Ledger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware wallet Wasabi Wallet - Privacy by default Unchained - Secure your bitcoin with confidence Incogni - Personal Information Removal Service

Conor Okus is Product Manager at Spiral. In this interview, we discuss his journey from being a footballer to becoming a Bitcoiner, Real Bedford and the alignment of Bitcoin with a grassroots football club, his current role at Spiral managing the grant programme for developers, and his view on the benefits of open source development of Bitcoin.

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Bitcoin has been making waves in various industries, and sports is no exception. Conor Okus is a footballer [a.k.a. Soccer player!] who found Bitcoin. Peter is a Bitcoiner who came back to football. They met in the middle when Conor provided Pete with advice and support in establishing Real Bedford.

Real Bedford is using Bitcoin in various ways, such as a treasury reserve asset and for educational efforts. They plan to incorporate it into football games by tipping players with QR codes. The grassroots movement of Bitcoin aligns with Real Bedford's grassroots approach to football, making it a perfect fit.

Conor and Pete discuss a new wave of football and sports teams based on ideas that resonate with dispersed communities, and the challenges of setting up a new football club. They also talk about the downside of vested interests looking to exploit sport and fan bases for selfish means.

Now Conor lives and works in the US as part of the Spiral team, managing an invaluable grant programme for developers. Conor then shares his experience and expertise in supporting open-source Bitcoin development, scaling Bitcoin transactions through lightning, the importance of the user experience in Bitcoin, and fostering an innovative open-source design community.

Margot Paez is a Bitcoin Mining consultant & Troy Cross is a Professor of Philosophy, and both are Fellows at BPI. In this interview, we discuss the fracturing of political movements (particularly the progressives), why the left is in favour of CBDCs, how Bitcoin is a political tool, the Bitcoin Policy Summit, Bitcoin’s image problem, and the issues and strengths of higher education.

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On this episode, we welcome back two eminent friends of the show: Margot Paez and Troy Cross. At the start of 2022, What Bitcoin Did actively searched for progressive voices within the community. It was soon apparent that there was a huge untapped well of thoughtful and brilliant people who had identified the powerful impact Bitcoin could have in supporting progressive causes.

However, it is apparent that there is now a shift happening within the left: a fracturing of beliefs and approaches. Some progressives within Bitcoin are starting to align themselves with a more holistic ideology predicated on financial fairness, which is open to debate and collaboration with those on the other side of the aisle.

At the root of this conversion is the belief that the promotion and use of Bitcoin itself is a political act. As Margot states: “it’s an act of defiance”, but an act of defiance with teeth. Finally, activists have a tool that can take on the established centres of power. But, if we are to accelerate adoption and battle those who work against Bitcoin, education and advocacy still require a solid evidence base.

Unfortunately, the FUD directed at Bitcoin has left an ingrained stain in the minds of many progressives. Margot, one of the main people within our community looking to bring academic rigour to support the claims being made about Bitcoin’s societal benefits, has suffered directly as a result of this. She has effectively been kicked out of university because of her desire to study Bitcoin, by people with a progressive ideology.

We must all do what we can to support people like Margot and Troy. They are the ones providing the Bitcoin movement with the analytical heft needed to protect it from institutional attacks. They do it quietly and diligently, pushing against stiff headwinds. We owe them a massive debt of gratitude.

Erik Hersman is the co-founder of Gridless, & Marshall Long is the Head of Architecture for Rhodium Enterprises. In this interview, we discuss Bitcoin in Africa: the need, the use and the support the wider community can give. We also talk about energy poverty in Africa, Bitcoin’s role in supporting mini-grids, and how Gridless’s business model & Marshall’s financing plan accelerate this process.

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There are around 800 million people in the world without access to electricity. Around 75`% of those live in Sub-Saharan Africa. Given populations are distributed over vast areas in Africa, and governments have limited access to capital, grid connections can be economically unviable. But mini-grids are also challenging because of the difficulty of getting a return on the high initial investment costs: demand in these poor communities takes time to build.

To date, the only option has been well-meaning but unsustainable charitable ventures that can have unintended negative second-order effects. But then Bitcoin mining showed how curtailed energy can be monetised, and a problem has suddenly become an opportunity. It is estimated Africa could produce 2.5 million terawatt hours of wind and solar energy per year (the US uses around 4,000 terawatt hours of energy per year). The business opportunity is huge.

In the fascinating interview, Eric Hesman of Gridless discusses how his company is partnering with communities in need of energy to provide subsidised power. Marshall Long sets out how his family office is helping with much-needed finance for energy projects in Africa that utilise Bitcoin mining. Together they set out the transformational impact such initiatives could have for the continent.

Alex Gladstein is Chief Strategy Officer at the Human Rights Foundation & Natalie Smolenski is an Executive Director of the Texas Bitcoin Foundation. In this interview, we discuss Alex’s new book: ‘Hidden Repression: How the IMF and World Bank Sell Exploitation as Development’. We talk about debt traps, western support for dictators, US and UK culpability, and what freedom means.

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The IMF and World Bank were originally created to stabilize exchange rates and fund infrastructure in war-torn countries. Alex Gladstein’s work found that there was a pivot in this mission in the late 1960s. The new mission was to target and exploit poor countries for the benefit of the West, neocolonialism replacing colonialism, debt replacing the sword.

These institutions have been incredibly harmful to poor countries, but also incredibly beneficial for the West through interest payments, extraction of resources and labour, and control of markets. This has been done with only a limited need for military intervention and subjugation through physical means. The wheels of this process have been oiled by the co-option of dictactors in on the steal.

Bitcoin is a way out and may bring some justice. However, there must also be a reckoning with the damage done to poor countries by these exploitative policies. The IMF and World Bank have repeatedly prevented free markets from working normally in such countries forcing them deeper into debt. And when the country has inevitably defaulted, damaging structural adjustments have been imposed limiting government expenditure and hurting the most vulnerable.

As Alex Gladstein asserts, changing the monetary paradigm, with the growth of Bitcoin, could break the current system and give hope for a more sustainable future. But in that process, we have to be clear about what we need to repair. As Natalie Smolenski states, without a programme of debt cancellation then we could enter a period of significant geopolitical stress.

Allen Farrington is a professional investor and the co-author of Bitcoin Is Venice. In this interview, we discuss the problems with fiat, or as Allen characterizes it “fiat fuckery”. We talk about how money printing leads to inflation and a misallocation of capital, the complexity of the fiat system hiding the resultant theft of capital, the slow demise of pension funds, and the confusion around what growth is and isn’t.

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Fiat currency experiments started centuries ago often resulting in catastrophic failure; since fiat has been ubiquitously assimilated into national economies. Whilst Bitcoiners are well versed in the inherent weaknesses of fiat currencies, there is a general ignorance of the long-lasting consequences for economies and citizens of maintaining an unbending faith in fiat money. Reducing this ignorance is perhaps the best way to grow Bitcoin’s adoption.

The obvious problem with fiat currency is the tendency for governments to print money to tackle economic exigencies. The impact of this money printing is often inflation, in which prices rise faster than wages and the purchasing power of money is reduced. Eventually, the currency can be debased, causing individuals to lose money without even realising it.

There is cruelty at the heart of this process: the complex nature of the fiat economic system means individuals can easily lose money without even knowing it. Many investors make decisions that are far too complicated for them to understand, and so it is easy to get caught up in financial schemes that value money to the detriment of the individual.

But, it is the second-order effect of this inflationary impact that is most pernicious. Businesses and investors are seeking to add value, and the inflation rate is the baseline for any return. When inflation increases, this puts pressure on those seeking investments to match or exceed it. The result is investments made in increasingly more speculative projects. This is the misallocation of capital, which starves more productive uses of capital.

The obvious topic of conversation following this is how Bitcoin mitigates these problems. This is a question to be debated with Allen Farrington for a future episode. However, understanding what Allen calls “fiat fuckery” is a sound basis for building the why of Bitcoin.

The Rational Root is a Bitcoin on-chain & cycle analyst. In this interview, 9 months on from our last interview, we look into the various Bitcoin price models Root has developed. We again review his Bitcoin Spiral Models, Bitcoin Hodl price models and Bitcoin halving & cycle charts. We discuss the growing evidence of Bitcoin scarcity, and bullish cases as we approach the next halving.

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In his first interview on What Bitcoin Did last August, the Rational Root made prescient predictions about Bitcoin bear market lows that occurred a few months later. The caveat is that he also stated “You always have to be a bit sceptical about models that predict the future, they can be wrong.” Nevertheless, the models Rational Root has developed have some conspicuous patterns that are worth consideration.

The Bitcoin Spiral chart Rational Root uses is incredibly powerful. It clearly shows a correlation between Bitcoin's price and the halving events. Extrapolating this pattern forward suggests we could be on the cusp of a new bullish price triggered by next year's halving. This phase is predicted to see a material price appreciation between $100,000 and $1 million in the next cycle.

We also debate whether Bitcoin is now correlated with other more significant asset markets, in particular the S&P 500. In essence, is there a correlation between Bitcoin’s price and risk appetite in the investment market? If such a link has been established, and a rescission occurs, this could lead to a deviation from the Bitcoin halving cycle patterns.

But perhaps the most bullish analysis Rational Root has undertaken involves the assessment of demand and supply indicators, such as his "Hodl Model", which predicts the growth rate of illiquid supply in Bitcoin. It’s simple economics that price is affected by the relationship between demand and supply, and, as Rational Root states “Bitcoin is becoming more scarce, and this data is not being paid attention to by many people."

Matt Corallo is a Bitcoin Core developer and open-source engineer at Block/Spiral. In this interview, we discuss the nexus of ordinals, mining rewards & decentralisation risks. We also talk about the impact of a permanent high fee environment on digital transactions, the challenges faced by Bitcoin wallet developers, and the new wave of talent working on Bitcoin Core.

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Bitcoin has come a long way since its inception, but it continues to evolve. The past few months have seen significant discussion regarding the recent development of ordinals, mining rewards, and the challenges of maintaining mining decentralization. In essence, there is a continual battle to ensure Bitcoin’s infrastructure is fit for purpose in enabling an uncensorable, trustless settlement of transactions.

These challenges are an inevitable part of the development of innovation. Each issue requires a solution, which in turn, leads to new issues. For example, the impact of a high fee environment has been to highlight limitations and risks with the Lightning Network. Then there are the UX issues associated with wallets and issues in relation to compatibility across different protocols.

Whilst each of these technical issues requires discussion and understanding, the wider perspective is that there is a perpetual need to improve Bitcoin's infrastructure and continue to maintain its security and decentralisation. Therefore, we need the right environment for developers to learn, collaborate and deliver. And, the wider community needs to be supportive and nurture this talent, protecting them from toxic attacks and iniquitous litigation.

There are certainly a number of big organizations out there who understand this and are modestly and diligently working to support people like Matt and others, to allow them in turn to support Bitcoin and the needs of the whole community. And it is certainly encouraging to hear that there is a new wave of developing talent being brought into the Bitcoin Core “team”.

Whilst this interview reinforces the fact that we can never take the huge efforts being applied for granted, it is still amazing to see the strides being made in the world’s most successful open-source project. That we can collaborate voluntarily across the internet to change the world of money, in the face of massive challenges, should leave us all in awe.

Peter St Onge is an Economist at the Heritage Foundation and a Fellow at the Mises Institute. In this interview, we discuss the differences between Keynesian and Austrian economics, the role of marketing in shaping public opinion, and the potential of Bitcoin to displace central banks and cut off one of the main channels that governments use to seize people's resources.

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Keynesian economics developed in the wake of the Great Depression of the 1930s. Its aim was to stabilise the volatility caused by market forces through the application of government and central bank resources. Its critics state it has opened up a range of tools that governments have exploited for short-term gain, whilst building up ever greater problems for future generations.

Keynes was mocked by major contemporary figures. Winston Churchill, who didn’t believe that state borrowing and expenditure could provide permanent additional employment, famously once said “If you put two economists in a room, you get two opinions, unless one of them is Lord Keynes, in which case you get three opinions.”

And yet, governments, on both sides of the political debate, seem to be currently addicted to greater monetary and fiscal interventions in the economy than at any time since the 1930s. Such actions started in 2008, but have continued apace since. They are a major factor in why global debt now stands at an eye-watering $305 trillion.

Hayek, the famous Austrian economist, foresaw the coming crisis, concluding that monetary policy only does harm to an economy. In 1976 he called for the denationalisation of money. In a famous 1984 interview, he stated “I don't believe that we should ever have a good money again before we take the thing out of the hands of government… all we can do is by some sly or roundabout way introduce something they can't stop.” Hayek essentially foresaw Bitcoin.

Unsurprisingly, Bitcoin’s trajectory, as an incorruptible digital hard money, started as the deflated global economy was patched up with Keynesian policies in 2009. Over 14 years later, as these policies become ever more unsustainable, it seems like we’re on the cusp of a swing of mainstream opinion away from Keynesian policies, to policies predicated on Austrian economic principles. And Bitcoin could be the centre of this new paradigm.

Jeff Snider is Head of Global Research at Atlas Financial Advisors and Lyn Alden is a macroeconomist and investment strategist. In this interview, they debate whether QE is money printing, if the Treasury market broke in early 2020, dollar shortages, whether there’s an ideal form of money, the importance of Bitcoin, and the problems with central and commercial banks.

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Lyn Alden and Jeff Snyder are two of the popular economic experts in the Bitcoin space at the moment. They bring much-needed clarity to discussions on economic and financial systems that are lacking in mainstream media. They do, however, disagree on some fundamental issues. This show is a fascinating discourse between two heavyweights who are at the top of their game.

The discussion starts with a debate on the mechanics and implications of quantitative easing (QE), and the role of central banks and commercial banks in money circulation. Lyn and Jeff explore whether QE constitutes money printing, the impact of fiscal deficits on inflation, and the liquidity problems in the treasury market.

The discussion then focuses on the emergence and acceptance of different currencies in the global market (including Bitcoin), the role of central banks, the importance of a currency's availability and infrastructure in its acceptance, and the challenges of achieving a self-contained monetary system without central banks or authorities.

Lyn and Jeff cover the relationship between debt and economic growth, the concept of a "bail-in," and the need for a sensical monetary structure with the right rules and parameters. They also consider whether there is an ideal money, or, whether the monetary system needs to be dynamic such that it can evolve and adapt to a changing world where new demands arise.

Troy Cross is a Professor of Philosopher and Fellow at BPI, and Harry Sudock is Chief Strategy Officer at Griid. This interview was a live recording made at the Bitcoin 2023 Conference in Miami, where we discussed Bitcoin mining: the industry’s rapid evolution, how it’s optimising other markets, and why its relentless search for cheap energy will facilitate human flourishing.

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Bitcoin mining has been the subject of much controversy and debate in mainstream media. The infamous New York Times (NYT) article in April still casts a shadow over the industry: the piece characterised Bitcoin mining as an exploitative parasite feeding off cheap energy at the expense of local users and the environment. And yet, Bitcoin mining is the exact opposite.

As Troy Cross states in this live interview, when people get to hear the truth about Bitcoin mining's impact on energy systems it “blows their minds!” Harry Sudock adds more colour by explaining how Bitcoin mining is a black hole that sucks in economic utility and spits it out in its most efficient form, making it a revolutionary tool for human flourishing.

Both speakers criticize the media for pushing a biased agenda and cherry-picking data to fit a preconceived narrative. They argue that the truth about Bitcoin mining's impact on energy systems is more complex than the media portrays, but, this doesn’t provide the clickbait media outlets are after. The irony is that the NYT’s mission is “to seek the truth and help people understand the world.”

However, we are optimistic that the tide will soon turn. With this show, both Harry and Troy have been on What Bitcoin Did now a combined 13 times (lucky for us!), and they continue to blow our minds with their tales of the possible worlds opened up by the race for cheap and abundant energy. The other side just doesn’t have the calibre of persuasive, authentic and enthusiastic voices we have.

Jason Maier is a teacher and the author of ‘A Progressive’s Case for Bitcoin’. In this interview, we discuss the importance of teaching money and Bitcoin in schools, the future of education in the shadow of AI, and the challenges of having a public persona. We also talk about the feedback Jason has received since publishing his book and Bitcoin’s potential to bring people together.

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It is a common feature of any orange pilling exercise that most people are blissfully ignorant of the inherent weakness and structurally unjust nature of the monetary system. And yet, school curriculums are shockingly devoid of requiring schools to provide even rudimentary information on how economies, money and individuals interact. We are a financially illiterate generation.

Then there is the impact of technological changes on students. AI is rapidly changing the world in ways forecasters are struggling to predict. It is obvious that most schools aren’t equipping students to enter a world of constant technological revolution. A world in which Bitcoin may play a significant role.

Therefore, as the world continues to evolve, the need for education that prepares students for the future is becoming increasingly essential. Students are generally receptive to new ideas and have the agility in being able to develop the skills required to exploit new opportunities opened up by technology. The issue is with the conservative nature of the education system, which in turn is heavily influenced by biases and misconceptions.

In this podcast, Jason Maeir shares his experiences in educating students about Bitcoin, and the influence of the emerging properties of AI upon education. There is a fundamental need to change educational principles away from rote learning (i.e. knowing stuff) to developing more holistic skills such as critical thinking, problem-solving and creativity. These have been traditionally seen as ‘soft skills’, but they are in fact the bridge between technology and humans.

The goal is to improve productivity and intelligence in a society that is more equal and fair. And it all starts with improving our education.

Nic Carter is a Partner at Castle Island Ventures and co-founder and Chairman of Coin Metrics. In this interview, we discuss Real Bedford, ordinals, the Bitcoin fee market, Bitcoin culture wars, layer 2 innovations, Chokepoint 2.0 and the 2022 banking crisis, and how people can stand up for Bitcoin against the current US administration.

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In categorising a covert attempt by the executive branch to restrict access to Bitcoin and crypto as a modern iteration of Operation Chokepoint, Nic Carter has brought much-needed attention to an otherwise nebulous sense of unease. Nic has clarified the meaning behind a series of different events, tying together inconsistent messages and suspicious decisions. His explicit analysis has even garnered the attention of a presidential candidate, Robert F Kennedy Jnr.

At face value, Chokepoint 2.0 is about the government's hostility towards the crypto industry in the wake of FTX. That Bitcoin will be ensnared in this dragnet is of obvious concern. An innovation that could revolutionise and democratise money and energy could be restricted within the world's leading economy. However, there is a bigger issue here: the circumvention of democratic norms. These restrictions are occurring without debate or scrutiny.

Then, to add import on top of import, there is the underlying rationale for these restrictions. In a week when the debt ceiling is again the subject of political horse-trading to allow sovereign debt to continue to grow to evermore eye-watering levels, these restrictions are an implicit imposition of soft capital controls on the American people. So, we have unprecedented restrictions on people’s freedoms to protect stores of value being done behind closed doors.

Put bluntly, the US government's attempts to restrict the growth of the crypto industry by leaning on private banks are unconstitutional and violate due process. The social contract is being broken. Nic has suggested that injured parties should join efforts to sue the government to enable legal oversight of these decisions. In his opinion, this is a lawsuit that can be won.

John D'Agostino is the Institutional Lead for Advisory and Strategic Partnerships at Coinbase. In this interview, we discuss his background working for the New York Mercantile Exchange, seeking out enjoyment, and the flip side of getting kidnapped. We also talk about the maturity of the Bitcoin market, covering both the regulatory threats and institutional appetite. 

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John D'Agostino is certainly a unique character. He was the subject of a best-selling book back in 2007 after he set out to open up the first oil exchange in the Middle East, which acted as a catalyst for capital markets in the region. However, his life has produced enough for more than a single book: he is the first person I have spoken to who has been kidnapped.   

As someone who seeks out new exciting opportunities, it’s not a surprise that John landed a prominent position within the digital assets industry. As a senior advisor to Coinbase, he’s well-positioned to reflect on the state of the industry as it navigates a period of uncertainty. Post FTX, what is the direction of government regulation in the US and abroad? Furthermore, what are institutional investors waiting to do?

John sets out what he sees as a huge gap between the US and the rest of the world in terms of digital asset regulation. And yet, not least because of the popular support for digital assets among the electorate, he views this as being a temporary situation which provides international players with a headstart over the US. 

John is strongly optimistic about the future of Bitcoin and other digital assets, particularly because of the potential to unlock value through programmable and immutable instruments. He’s also seeing the backed-up demand from institutional investors, just waiting for regulatory clarity. He’s been part of shaping change in the financial world once already. Who’d bet against him doing it again?

James Seyffart is an analyst for Bloomberg Intelligence covering ETFs. In this interview, we discuss the how and why of ETFs, Grayscale’s legal battle with the SEC over the approval of a Bitcoin ETF, and the complexities of Grayscale implementing a redemption program for GBTC. We also talk about the role of the SEC in regulating Bitcoin and Gary Gensler’s political ambitions.

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In two months' time, it will be the 10-year anniversary of the Winklevoss Twins making the first submission to the SEC for a Bitcoin spot ETF. When the SEC rejected this in 2017, it seemed as though it was a temporary blip, and that a US Bitcoin spot ETF would inevitably be approved. And yet, the SEC has rejected a raft of subsequent applications, and many more sit in Gary Gensler’s inbox awaiting a decision. 

Grayscale has decided to test the SEC's stance in court. Whilst there are various opinions as to the underlying motivation for Grayscale taking on this case, there is no doubt that this is the best test of the SEC's current intransigence in relation to a Bitcoin spot ETF. 

Bloomberg Intelligence’s James Seyffart, an ETF expert, provides his informed opinion on the current status of Grayscale’s case, the likelihood of the SEC losing the case, and whether this will affect the SEC's position of a Bitcoin spot ETF. He also sets out why the SEC is so reluctant to approve what many in the community believe would open up Bitcoin to a new massive wave of adoption. 

Arthur Hayes is an entrepreneur and the former CEO of BitMEX. In my first interview with Arthur, we discuss the state of the world at the moment: what happened with FTX, money printing, the coming collapse, debt jubilees, the need to acquire assets outside the system like Bitcoin, good and bad AI scenarios, and a powder keg of issues that’ll hit the markets this fall. 

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Arthur Hayes was the co-founder and former CEO of BitMEX, which was one of the largest crypto exchanges and derivatives platforms. In 2021, its average daily trading volume was over $2 billion. Hayes was famously charged in the southern district of New York for violating the Bank Secrecy Act. He got 2 years probation and a $10 million fine. 

But Hayes remains an authoritative voice within the crypto and Bitcoin communities. Nic Carter called him “One of the good guys of crypto.” He now has a mission to help spread financial literacy and educate investors, which he does through regular medium posts, columns in leading journals and interviews with podcasters. And, he has a knack for calling the market.

In this short interview, we pack in a surprising number of issues: Hayes's investment strategy, and views on crypto and Bitcoin; opinions on the FTX scandal; fragility in the banking sector; historical currency debasements and the inevitability of a coming collapse; the use of debt jubilees to right society; investing in assets that can weather the coming storm; the impacts of AI; and the debt ceiling.

Tor Ekeland & Mike Hassard are defence attorneys representing a Swedish-Russian national, Roman Sterlingov, arrested in early 2021 by the IRS at LAX. He was accused of creating and operating the Bitcoin Fog mixing service to launder over $300 million. He had his assets seized and was incarcerated. He’s awaiting trial. Tor and Mike are still trying to find corroborating evidence. But they’ve uncovered conflicts of interest within the DoJ. 

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Roman Sterlingov has been accused of running Bitcoin Fog, a Bitcoin mixer, and laundering $334 million. On a prima facie basis it seems like a case of the state acting to crack down on nefarious darknet activities. But, delve deeper, as Roman’s lawyers Tor Ekeland & Mike Hassard have done, and it raises serious questions about what the DoJ and various companies are willing to do for selfish motives. 

Firstly, there is a distinct lack of evidence against Roman. No evidence has been found on any computer, thumb drive or server that links Roman to the crimes he’s accused of. 

The evidence that does exist has been produced by the blockchain forensics company Chainanalysis. But as yet this evidence is not open to scrutiny, and, such evidence has never been challenged in court. 

Secondly, the case highlights numerous material conflicts of interest within the DoJ and Chainalysis. A revolving door between the DoJ and Big Tech is a well-known issue. Then there’s the use of cases such as Roman’s to help build the reputation of Chainalysis, helping it to gain a multi billion dollar valuation. The profit incentive has and does skew criminal prosecutions in the US. 

And lastly, there’s the overreach of the DoJ, and the tactics it is employing to arrest and prosecute individuals. Roman’s case is a high-stakes situation for both Roman, the Bitcoin community and the wider public. If Roman loses, he could face 50 years to life in prison. If unchallenged, it could also set a dangerous precedent and allow the government to expand its jurisdiction globally through the internet.

Pascal Gauthier is the CEO of Ledger, NVK is the founder of Coinkite, Matt Odell is a podcaster and Bitcoin educator and Harry Sudock is Cheif Strategy Officer at Griid. In this interview, we host a group discussion, regarding Ledger’s Recover firmware update. We talk about the questions this update has raised about the trade-offs between mitigating seed recovery risk over state seizure risks. 

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Full disclosure, Ledger is a sponsor of the What Bitcoin Did Podcast. 

Just under a week ago, Ledger launched a seed recovery service called Ledger Recover. There was an immediate backlash on Twitter, with various prominent voices raising concerns about the security implications. Fundamentally, does this feature open up users to hacking or state seizure risks? Or, is this a useful service that will support efforts to get more users to self-custody? 

The purpose of this show was to enable Pascal Gauthier, the CEO of Ledger, to explain the aims of Ledger’s seed recovery service, and the methods employed to protect users. The show then enabled trusted independent and prominent voices within the community (including a Ledger competitor) to set out their concerns and discuss them openly with Pascal. 

Should security for Bitcoin be provided using open or closed-source software? Given the challenges in providing robust security, are there any acceptable trade-offs? Can we afford anything less than full transparency from commercial companies involved in Bitcoin security? 

The rudimentary issue is whether Bitcoin security should be regarded as a binary choice. Should we as a community should aim for a minimum expectation of security? Or, should we take the world as it is and pragmatically make incremental improvements to people’s security? Can we afford as a community to have the majority of people custody on exchanges? Or, do we strive for higher ideals than seeing self-custody as an end in itself?

Jason Lowery is a Major in the US Space Force and author of Softwar: A Novel Theory on Power Projection and the National Strategic Significance of Bitcoin. In this interview, we discuss how he is building the case within the US Department of Defence that Bitcoin represents a new form of digital warfare that the US government needs to embrace to secure its power projection in cyberspace.

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Jason Lowery burst onto the Bitcoin scene in August 2021. When a senior member of the US Space Force enters the Bitcoin debate it tends to turn heads! But, it was his novel projections of what value Bitcoin presents to society that generated interest and controversy. Bitcoiners have long espoused Bitcoin as a peaceful revolution. Jason thinks Bitcoin can be used as a tool of warfare. 

In Softwar, Jason’s recently released book on the national strategic significance of Bitcoin, he explains the background of modern warfare, tracing its roots back to the struggle for survival in all forms of life. From single-cell organisms upwards, all of life is involved in a fight for control over resources and territory. Competition has resulted in an ecological arms race manifested through evolutionary cycles of improvements in physical power and the projection of that power.

Softwar explains that humans are just another life form involved in this competition for survival.  Humans, however, have become increasingly efficient at power projection techniques, from wielding fire to using nuclear weapons. Now, as we accelerate through the digital age, humans need to develop and harness new and innovative methods to maintain their advantages over adversaries. 

In his role within Space Force, which is developing the means to project power beyond our planet, Jason has been contemplating what other tools will be required as another arena for competition opens up: cyberspace. Jason argues that Bitcoin has the potential to be a revolutionary cybersecurity system. Proof of Work is an innovation that moves the fight to the enemy, imposing a cost on those wishing to undertake an attack. 

Softwar is a call to action for the US Department of Defence to adopt Bitcoin as a tool of warfare in the new cyberspace battlefield. Whilst designed to secure money, PoW can in theory be used to secure other forms of data. Whether you agree with this assertion or not, Jason is making progress within the DoD in arguing Bitcoin’s utility makes it too important for the Department of Treasury and Federal Reserve jurisdiction. And who would bet against the DoD in a fight!

Michael Saylor is the CEO of MicroStrategy. In this interview, we discuss his 10 rules for lfie, the opportunities and threats of AI, the importance of Bitcoin in an automated world, the strength of ossification compared to accelerating change, and the criticality of Bitcoin miners to the Bitcoin network. We also talk about Michael’s navigation of the bear market.

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Chat GPT was released a little over 6 months ago. It is arguably the most significant tech innovation since the internet. People are now routinely using chatbots to interact with technology and access information tailored to very specific needs. Whilst the impacts of this are yet to be fully understood, it is widely accepted that we have entered a new exciting and equally frightening paradigm.

The issue at hand is that the world is becoming increasingly automated. As a result, human beings are being viewed as a constraint on productivity, which AI technology can mitigate. Where does this leave humans? In a world predicated on code and efficiency and automation, what controls are in place to ensure these systems are secure such that they can not be centralised and exploited such that the general population suffers rather than flourishes?

Michael Saylor is of the opinion we need an automated tool that is secure and outside of any centralised control. Bitcoin, in this scenario, is the tool that can compete with new digital advances, but, enable humans to retain some control of their lives. As such, it is imperative that we protect the integrity of the innovation such that its utility remains available for both existing and future generations.

The question then becomes how do we best protect Bitcoin? Saylor argues that it is the Bitcoin miners that are Bitcoin’s “fortresses”: they provide brute force security, a cryptographic defence, and the means to marshall the means to advocate effectively for Bitcoin within the corridors of power. Bitcoin miners, therefore, need protection to ensure they continue to act as Bitcoin’s standing army. We do this by ensuring stability: ossifying Bitcoin’s base layer protocol.

Rune Østgård is the Author of ‘Fraudcoin: 1000 Years with Inflation as a Policy’. In this interview, we discuss inflation’s historical introduction and use as an exploitative tool by elites and how, in various phases of history (most recently, the early 20th century), inflation was not viewed as a required economic phenomenon. To Rune, there is no more important subject to understand than inflation. 

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In the 1700s, Scottish philosopher and economist Adam Smith was the first to use the term “inflation” in his book, “The Wealth of Nations.” Smith argued that inflation resulted from an increase in the amount of money in circulation, which caused goods and services to be more expensive. 

But inflation is not a modern phenomenon. It has been in existence for centuries. And historical analysis shows that it has been used as an exploitative tool by elites throughout the ages. Rune Ostgard has traced the use of inflation back to its use in his home country of Norway in 1050 AD, its use by a tyrant King, and its role in the effective ending of the Viking era. 

Rune states that it is this historical knowledge that shows firstly how ruinous inflation can be and, secondly, why it is not an inevitable or necessary feature of economic systems. Famously during the 19th century, there was a sustained period when deflationary growth occurred in the United States.

And yet, for the past 100 years, we have been conditioned to accept inflation as an essential economic driver. Its insidious nature has been hidden by a period of low rates of inflation. Now, however, with inflation rising to double-digit levels across many parts of the world, its destructive compounding impacts are more apparent. 

We are now, therefore, at a time when it is necessary to question inflations societal value and whether there are other ways of managing our economies. Whilst Bitcoiners have a viable future mapped out, Bitcoin is still viewed by many with suspicion. But, as the fiat system continues to unravel, the value of Bitcoin becomes ever more easy to explain.

Obi Nwosu is a co-founder of Fedimint and a board member of Jack Dorsey’s and Jay-Z’s ₿trust. In this interview, we discuss the mission of Fedimint: empowering communities around the world by allowing them to take control of their money. We also talk about the importance of trust models in relation to storing Bitcoin in Fedimint.

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It’s hard to believe that Fedimint is only 2 years old. Its development is a regular topic of exciting conversation within the community. It is one of a number of important projects that are leading many to believe we’re on the cusp of a wave of innovation within Bitcoin: Blockstream Developer Neigut expects there will be a ‘Cambrian Explosion’ of Bitcoin Layer 2 Protocols in the future. 

Obi Nwosu came back to provide some valuable demonstrations of how Fedimint will work in practice. Lightning transactions, encrypted chat and offline payments are just an example of the developments that the Fedi team have been working on bringing to the Fedimint protocol. All of these back and reinforce the Chaumian mint functionality and multisig custody solution on which Fedimint is predicated.

It is now garnering interest from those looking to use it in anger, with a number of Beta applications being tested. Once officially launched, it has the potential to democratise access to financial systems for millions of communities, providing efficiencies and cost savings currently out of reach. Further, it can make the Lightning Network more efficient whilst opening up access to Bitcoin.