This Week in Virology

TWiV reviews continuing expansion of poliovirus type 2, removal of influenza B/Yamagata from the vaccine, Nobel Prize for miRNAs, protective immune response with a adenovirus-associated virus vector expressing a computationally designed hemagglutinin, and viral gene drive during herpes simplex 1 infection in mice.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker

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• MicrobeTV Discord Server
• Continued expansion of type 2 poliovirus (reliefweb)
• No more polio case map at polioeradication.org
• B/Yamagata removed from flu vaccine (NPR)
• Nobel Prizes for miRNA (ScienceInsider)
• AAV-vectored influenza vaccine (J Virol)
• Herpesvirus type 1 gene drive in mice (Nat Commun)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Brianne – Virus and Vaccines Information Page from NIH All of Us Research Program Kathy – For a Pivotal Vaccine: Trial, Error and Two Young Lives Rich – October 17 2024 APOD: The Clipper and the Comet Alan – Opening a deep-sea vent with a crowbar Vincent – The expanding world of neuroscience

Jason – Solar eclipse on Mars and Polaris Program and their Harmony of Resilience Ryan – New York’s childhood vaccine coverage remains high

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin informs us about mpox circulation, the Marburg virus outbreak in Rwanda, new recommendations for the RSV and pneumococcal vaccines by the CDC, the beginning of influenza season, before reviewing the recent statistics on SARS-CoV-2 infection, the WasterwaterScan dashboard, contrasting public health concerns between the US and the UK, what the risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission is when indoors, the difference between NVX-CoV2327 and BNT162b2 for adolescents, why 65 years and older should get a second boost of the COVID-19 vaccine, where to find PEMGARDA, a reminder of how and when to use steroids to treat COVID-19, the clinical trial for evaluating how novel treatments of COVID-19 affect long COVID and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome after SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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• Grim marker: mpox over a 1000 deaths in Africa (CIDRAP)
• Global trend of mpox outbreak 2022-2024 (WHO)
• Second time mpox is a global public health emergency (Reuters)
• Mpox variant in Germany (Reuters)
• Epidemiological analysis of confirmed mpox cases in Burundi (EuroSurveillance)
• The 63rd case of Marburg virus infections in Rwanda (CIDRAP)
• How to stop Marburg virus (Rwanda Biomedical Centre)
• Marburg virus fact sheet (Rwanda Biomedical Centre)
• FDA approves RSV vaccine ABRYSVO for 18-59 individuals of increased risk (Pfizer)
• Respiratory syncytial virus infection-NET (CDC)
• New  pneumococcal vaccine recommendations…..it’s a virus? (CDC Newsroom)
• Recommending PREVNAR 20, 20 valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine for 50 and over (Pfizer)
• And one more, CAPVEXIVE, pneumococcal 21 valent conjugate vaccine (Merck)
• Penumococcoal 21-valent conjugate vaccine CAPVEXIVE(MerckVaccines.com)
• Influenza surveillance: Key updates (CDC)
• COVID-19 deaths (CDC)
• COVID-19 national and regional trends (CDC)
• Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan)
• What is happening across the pond? (UKHSA data dashboard)
• COVID-19 variant tracker (CDC)
• SARS-CoV-2 genomes galore (Nextstrain)
• Risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission when indoors (JID)
• NVX-CoV2327 vs BNT162b2 vaccines in adolescents (Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal)
• Second dose of 2024-2025 COVID19 vaccine recommended for 65 and older (CDC Newsroom)
• New preventive COVID-19 agent (ISDA)
• IDSA Guidelines on the Treatment and Management of Patients with COVID-19 (IDSA)
• Where to get pemgarda (Pemgarda)
• EUA for the pre-exposure prophylaxis of COVID-19 (INVIYD)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (ID Society)
• Viral and symptom rebound following monoclonal antibody therapy (JID)
• Drug interaction checker (University of Liverpool)
• Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV)
• Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (ID Society)
• What to do when sick with a respiratory virus (CDC)
• When your healthcare provider is infected/exposed with SARS-CoV-2 (CDC)
• Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC)
• Steroids,dexamethasone at the right time (OFID)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org)
• ASH living guidelines on use of anticoagulation for thromboprophylaxis in patients with COVID-19: executive summary, Dr. Daniel Griffin (Blood Advances)
• Novel treatments for acute COVID-19 should account for long COVID (JID) The persistence of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) after SARS-CoV-2 infection (Journal of Infection)
• Letters read on TWiV 1160
• Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to [email protected]

Vincent travels to the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm to meet up with Niklas Björkström and Joakim Dillner to review their research on the endometrial immune system, and the plan to eliminate cervical cancer in Sweden.

Guests: Niklas Björkström and Joakim Dillner

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• MicrobeTV Discord Server
• Endometrial immune system variation (Sci Immunol)
• Immune defense in the womb (News from Karolinska)
• HPV vaccination and screening for elimination (Nat Comm)
• Cervical cancer elimination strategies (Int J Cancer)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin informs us about mpox circulation and new vaccine approval, the Marburg virus outbreak in Rwanda, and the largest outbreak of whooping cough in a decade before reviewing the recent statistics on SARS-CoV-2 infection, the WasterwaterScan dashboard, immunity among those over 65th following the 3rd dose of the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine, where to find PEMGARDA, a reminder of how and when to use steroids to treat COVID-19, how well the SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen test performed, what do when healthcare workers succumb to SARS-CoV-2 infection, the effect of remdesivir on survival and readmission of hospitalized patients, if cognitive impairment following virus infection impairs one’s driving and how long COVID affects Chinese society.

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• Undiagnosed MPXV infections are high in men who have sex with men (BMC Infectious Diseases)
• WHO, now a vaccine approval agency, Jynneos for teens  (CIDRAP)
• Mpox outbreak global trends (WHO)
• How to stop Marburg virus (Rwanda Biomedical Centre)
• Marburg virus fact sheet (Rwanda Biomedical Centre)
• Largest whooping cough outbreak in US in a decade (NPR)
• COVID-19 deaths (CDC)
• COVID-19 national and regional trends (CDC)
• Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan)
• COVID-19 variant tracker (CDC)
• SARS-CoV-2 genomes galore (Nextstrain)
• Insurance relates to effectiveness and waning of immunity following 3rd dose of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine? (JID)
• New preventive COVID-19 agent (ISDA)
• IDSA Guidelines on the Treatment and Management of Patients with COVID-19 (IDSA)
• Where to get pemgarda (Pemgarda)
• EUA for the pre-exposure prophylaxis of COVID-19 (INVIYD)
• How well do you test: performance of the SARS-CoV-2 antigen rapid detection test (eBioMedicine)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (ID Society)
• Drug interaction checker (University of Liverpool)
• Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV)
• Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (ID Society)
• What to do when sick with a respiratory virus (CDC)
• When your healthcare provider is infected/exposed with SARS-CoV-2 (CDC)
• Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC)
• Steroids, dexamethasone at the right time (OFID)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org)
• Remdesivir-associated survival outcomes among immunocompromised patients (CID)
• Remdesivir Effectiveness in Reducing the Risk of 30-day Readmission in Vulnerable Patients (CID)
• Measurement of circulating viral antigens post-SARS-CoV-2 infection (CMI: Clinical Microbiology and Infection)
• DUCI: driving under cognitive influence of COVID-19 (Neurology)
• Long COVID facts and findings: (LANCET: Regional Health Western Pacific)
• Letters read on TWiV 1158
• Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to [email protected]

TWiV reviews Marburg virus outbreak in Rwanda, cryo-EM based discovery of a parvovirus causing black wasting disease in farmed beetles, and a mosaic nanoparticle experimental vaccine that elicits cross-reactive sarbecovirus responses in pre-vaccinated animals.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, and Brianne Barker

Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email

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• MicrobeTV Discord Server
• Marburg virus disease, Rwanda (WHO)
• Suspected German Marburg case tests negative (Politico)
• Cryo-EM discovery of insect parvovirus (Cell)
• Mosaic sarbecovirus nanoparticle experimental vaccine (Cell)
• Letters read on TWiV 1157
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Brianne – ASM Lesson Plans Alan – A City on Mars, and this blog by a ham radio operator hit by Hurricane Helene Vincent – How to Win A Nobel Prize

Laura – Science of Public Communication (original article)

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin updates us about polio SIA campaign in Gaza, the durability of protection following administration of GSK’s recombinant antigen RSV vaccine, mpox in an Ugandan jail, the Marburg virus outbreak in Rwanda, before reviewing the recent statistics on SARS-CoV-2 infection, the WasterwaterScan dashboard, immunogenicity, reactogenicity and safety of different COVID-19 vaccine platforms, disease severity in those not previously vaccinated with those vaccinated but not infected, where to find PEMGARDA, a reminder of how and when to use steroids to treat COVID-19, what do when healthcare workers succumb to SARS-CoV-2 infection, if COVID-19 doubles the risk for heart attacks, stroke and death and if COVID-19 affects the regions of the brainstem.

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• Polio: second round of vaccination in Gaza (Reuters)
• Season 3 for GSK RSV vaccine protection (CIDRAP)
• Positive data for Arexvy, the respiratory syncytial virus vaccine (GSK)
• Mpox convicted felon: in Ugandan prison (Reuters)
• How to stop Marburg virus (Rwanda Biomedical Centre)
• Marburg virus fact sheet (Rwanda Biomedical Centre)
• CDC summary of the “Rwanda Marburg Situation” (CDC)
• 700 doses of a Marburg vaccine from the Sabin Vaccine Institute to Rwanda  (CIDRAP)
• USAID mobilizes Marburg outbreak response in Rwanda (United States Agency International Development)
• COVID-19 deaths (CDC)
• COVID-19 national and regional trends (CDC)
• Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan)
• COVID-19 variant tracker (CDC)
• SARS-CoV-2 genomes galore (Nextstrain)
• PICOBOO: immunogenicity, reactogenicity and safety of different COVID-19 vaccine (Journal of Infection)
• COVID-19 in previously unvaccinated compared with previously uninfected vaccinated (JID)
• New preventive COVID-19 agent (ISDA)
• IDSA Guidelines on the Treatment and Management of Patients with COVID-19 (IDSA)
• Where to get pemgarda (Pemgarda)
• EUA for the pre-exposure prophylaxis of COVID-19 (INVIYD)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (ID Society)
• COVID Data tracker (CDC
• Differences in COVID-19 outpatient antiviral treatment (MMWR)
• Drug interaction checker (University of Liverpool)
• Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV)
• Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (ID Society)
• What to do when sick with a respiratory virus (CDC)
• When your healthcare provider is infected/exposed with SARS-CoV-2 (CDC)
• Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC)
• Steroids,dexamethasone at the right time (OFID)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org)
• COVID-19 is a coronary artery disease with genetic interaction with ABO blood type (AHAIASA Journals)
• COVID-19 doubles risk of heart attack, stroke and death (EurekaAlert!)
• QTL mapping at 7T in COVID-19: brainstem and outcomes (Brain)
• Letters read on TWiV 1156
• Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to [email protected]

TWiV reviews mask effectiveness against respiratory infections, EEE death in NY State, viruses with zoonotic potential in farmed fur animals, and genetic tracing of market wild life and viruses at the Huanan Seafood Market, the epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, and Rich Condit

Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email

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• MicrobeTV Discord Server
• Review confirms mask effectiveness (original article)
• EEE death in Ulster County NY (CBS News)
• EEE on TWiV 1145
• Viruses of farmed fur animals (Nature)
• Tracing of wildlife and viruses at COVID-19 epicenter (Cell)
• Letters read on TWiV 1155
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Rich – Immunize.org, Vaccineinformation.org, National Network of Immunization Coalitions Alan – Birdcast Vincent – A universal framework for inclusive 15-minute cities

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin discusses the Marburg virus outbreak in Rwanda, the lack of immune durability following pertussis vaccination, recommendations for maternal vaccination and antibody therapy to protect against infant RSV, vaccine security for Mpox, before reviewing the recent statistics on SARS-CoV-2 infection, the WasterwaterScan dashboard, how to put on and take off PPE to avoid contamination, where to find PEMGARDA, a reminder of how and when to use steroids to treat COVID-19, what do when healthcare workers succumb to SARS-CoV-2 infection, the lack of immune durability elicited by mRNA vaccine and the finding of how SARS-CoV-2 infection impacts memory, cognition and reduces grey matter volume.

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• Rwanda: Marburg virus disease (WHO)
• Passport required?…..Marburg virus commutes to Germany (CIDRAP)
• Outbreak of whooping cough/pertussis…..no lifelong immunity following vaccination? (Bloomberg
• Protection of infants by maternal antibodies against RSV by either vaccination or nirsevimab (MMWR)
• WHO recommendations for RSV: maternal vaccination and antibody shot  (Reuters)
• Ziresovir for RSV hospitalized infants (NEJM)
• Crawling to effective anti-RSV countermeasures (NEJM)
• The $800 million pledge for African mpox response (Reuters)
• COVID-19 deaths (CDC)
• COVID-19 national and regional trends (CDC)
• Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan)
• COVID-19 variant tracker (CDC)
• SARS-CoV-2 genomes galore (Nextstrain)
• Doffing your PPE– contact precautions (CID)
• mRNA vaccination does not elicit durable immune response (Nature Medicine)
• IDSA Guidelines on the Treatment and Management of Patients with COVID-19 (IDSA)
• Where to get pemgarda (Pemgarda)
• EUA for the pre-exposure prophylaxis of COVID-19 (INVIYD)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (ID Society)
• Drug interaction checker (University of Liverpool)
• Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV)
• Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (ID Society)
• What to do when sick with a respiratory virus (CDC)
• When your healthcare provider is infected/exposed with SARS-CoV-2 (CDC)
• Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC)
• Steroids,dexamethasone at the right time (OFID)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org)
• Mechanisms of long COVID and therapeutics (Cell)
• Post hospitalization cognitive deficits and grey matter reduction 1 year after COVID-19 (Nature Medicine)
• Letters read on TWiV 1154
• Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to [email protected]

From the Viruses of Microbes meeting in Cairns, Australia, TWiV speaks with Krystyna and Rob about their research on using bacteriophages to treat bacterial infections.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello and Jolene Ramsey

Guests: Krystyna Dabrowska and Rob Lavigne

Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email

Become a patron of TWiV!

• MicrobeTV Discord Server
• Viruses of Microbes 2024
• Immune responses to phages (Front Immunol)
• Engineering bacteriolytic enzymes (Front Immunol)
• 100 cases of phage therapy (Nat Micro)
• Synthetic biology potential of bacteriophages (Nat Micro)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin deep dives into the durability of the antibody response following mpox vaccination, vaccine security, global mpox circulation, the origins of SARS-CoV-2, including a list TWiV episodes and combatting scientific misinformation, before reviewing the recent statistics on SARS-CoV-2 infection, the WasterwaterScan dashboard, where to find PEMGARDA, a reminder of how and when to use steroids to treat COVID-19, what do when healthcare workers succumb to SARS-CoV-2 infection, if remdesivir + dexamethasone lowers mortality of hospitalized COVID-19 patients and the finding of how SARS-CoV-2 infection impacts memory and cognition.

Become a patron of TWiV!

• Waning vaccine protection against mpox…..isn’t this the way the humoral immune response works? (CIDRAP) 1:46
• Uncontrollable mpox outbreak in Africa  (Reuters) 4:10
• Antibodies elicited by the Jynneos vaccine against mpox contract after 6-9 months….can you believe? (medrxiv) 4:45
• Mpox vaccine for adolescents approved (Pharmaceutical Technology) 14:05
• Clade 1b mpox visiting India (CIDRAP) 15:05
• Mpox clade 1b in Kerala (ANI South Asia’s Leading Multimedia News Agency) 15:13
• US government orders $63M worth of small pox/mpox vaccine (Reuters) 15:34
• Mpox donations boosting global supply (US Department of Health and Human Services)
• 1 million mpox vaccine doses for Africa….with love from US government (CIDRAP) 15:55
• Speed doses of mpox vaccine (CIDRAP)
• Mpox vaccine donations (UNICEF) 17:35
• Bavarian Nordic mpox vaccine (Yahoo finances)
• Early epicenter of COVID-19 pandemic Huanan seafood market (Science) 23:07
• Wildlife trade likely source of SARS-CoV-2 (Science) 23:16
• Zoonotic origins of SARS-CoV-2 (Science) 23:20
• Surveillance at the Huanan Seafood market (Europe PMC) 25:03
• TWiV shout outs…..all for the SARS-CoV-2 spill over from nature 25:31
  • TWiV 1019: Eddie Holmes on SARS-CoV-2 origins
  • TWiV 1017: From Nature, not a lab
  • TWiV 995: Viral origin stories
  • TWiV 940: Eddie Holmes in on viral origins
  • TWiV 876: Spillover market with Michael Worobey
  • TWiV 762: SARS-CoV-2 origins with Robert Garry
  • TWiV 760: SARS-CoV-2 origins with Peter Daszak, Thea Kølsen Fischer, Marion Koopmans
  • TWiV 774: Kristian Andersen, Robert Garry, and the deleted SARS-CoV-2 sequences
• Genetic tracing of market wildlife and viruses at Huanan Market (Cell) 18:56
• Combatting scientific misinformation (microbeTV: TWiV) 34:14
• COVID-19 deaths (CDC) 35:20
• COVID-19 national and regional trends (CDC)
• Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan)
• COVID-19 variant tracker (CDC)
• SARS-CoV-2 genomes galore (Nextstrain)
• Suggestion for the use of a new preventive COVID-19 agent (IDSA)
• IDSA Guidelines on the Treatment and Management of Patients with COVID-19 (IDSA)
• Where to get pemgarda (Pemgarda)
• EUA for the pre-exposure prophylaxis of COVID-19 (INVIYD)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (ID Society)
• Drug interaction checker (University of Liverpool)
• Molnupiravir outcomes 3 and 6 months after treatment (LANCET Infectious Diseases)
• Antivirals and post-COVID-19 conditions (LANCET Infectious Disease)
• Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV)
• Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (ID Society)
• What to do when sick with a respiratory virus (CDC)
• When your healthcare provider is infected/exposed with SARS-CoV-2 (CDC)
• Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC)
• Steroids, dexamethasone at the right time (OFID)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org)
• Lower mortality risk associated with remdesivir + dexamethasone versus dexamethasone for hospitalized COVID-19 patients (CID) 39:17
• Changes in memory and cognition during the SARS-CoV-2 human challenge study (eClinical Medicine) 42:25
• Letters read on TWiV 1152 48:18
• Dr. Griffin's COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to [email protected]

TWiV reviews polio vaccination campaign in Gaza, viruses with zoonotic potential in farmed fur animals, low HPV vaccination in North Texas associated with high rates of cervical cancer, a large flavivirus genome that does not encode error correction machinery, and antiphage defense through inhibition of virion assembly.

Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email

Become a patron of TWiV!

• MicrobeTV Discord Server
• Polio vaccination in Gaza (Reuters)
• Zoonotic viruses in farmed fur animals (Nature)
• HPV vaccination and cancer rates (JAMA Net Open)
• 40 kb RNA genome without error correction (PNAS)
• Stopping the phage tape measure protein (Nat Commun)
• Tail assembly interference (Nat Commun)
• Letters read on TWiV 1151
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Dickson – Digital nature pics winners 2024 Wildlife Photographer of the Year Alan – Adorable story about a Nigerian paralympian couple who are both polio survivors Jolene – Capsid assembly model with self-assembling pentamers in 3D print model (plus three more models now available if search self assembling virus) and Wonderlab article about exhibit using this to teach about viral patterns in Bloomington Indiana Science museum Vincent – The collapse of bat populations led to more than a thousand infant deaths

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin dives into West Nile virus in New Jersey, poliovirus vaccination campaign in Gaza and Afghanistan, California dengue virus infections, children dying from flu, mpox vaccination procurement and antiviral usage, flu circulation in US, before reviewing the recent statistics on SARS-CoV-2 infection, finding a new wasterwater dashboard, if the monovalent XBB.1.5 COVID-19 vaccine is effective against circulating SARS-CoV-2 isolates, the need for nasal mucosal IgA in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, where to find PEMGARDA, does administration of molnupiravir reduce symptoms in the vaccinated, when to use convalescent plasma, how molnupiravir treatment leads to better outcomes 3 and 6 months after treatment, a reminder of how and when to use steroids to treat COVID-19, what do when healthcare workers succumb to SARS-CoV-2 infection, if vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 does protect against long COVID, and if those taking the anti-diabetic drug metformin have higher or lower incidences of long COVID.

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• West Nile virus in New Jersey (CBSNews)
• Poliovirus vaccination 90% coverate (Reuters)
• Suspension of poliovirus eradication by the Taliban (apnews)
• California dengue cluster (CIDRAP)
• Children dying of influenza (CIDRAP)
• 199 children deaths from flu (CDC)
• Bavarian Nordic mpox vaccine (Yahoo finances)
• Prequalification of MVA-BN mpox vaccine (WHO Int)
• Speed doses of mpox vaccine (CIDRAP)
• GAVI rapidly secures 500K doses of mpox vaccines for Africa(GAVI)
• Expanded access to teconvirimat for mpox treatment in US 2022-2023(NEJM Evidence)
• FluView (CDC)
• Human to human transmission of bird flu in Missouri? (NY Times)
• Bird flu isolated from humans in Missouri similar to that found in cattle (CNN)
• COVID-19 deaths (CDC)
• COVID-19 national and regional trends (CDC)
• Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan)
• COVID-19 variant tracker (CDC)
• SARS-CoV-2 genomes galore (Nextstrain)
• Effectiveness of Updated 2023–2024 (Monovalent XBB.1.5) COVID-19 Vaccination Against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron XBB and BA.2.86/JN.1 Lineage (CID)
• Early, robust mucosal secretory IgA but not IgG response to SARS-CoV-2 spike in oral fluid is associated with faster viral clearance and COVID-19 symptom resolution (JID)
• Suggestion for the use of a new preventive COVID-19 agent (IDSA)
• IDSA Guidelines on the Treatment and Management of Patients with COVID-19 (IDSA)
• Where to get pemgarda (Pemgarda)
• EUA for the pre-exposure prophylaxis of COVID-19 (INVIYD)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (ID Society)
• Drug interaction checker (University of Lierpool)
• Molnupiravir outcomes 3 and 6 months after treatment (LANCET Infectious Diseases)
• Antivirals and post-COVID-19 conditions (LANCET Infectious Disease)
• Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV)
• Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (ID Society)
• What to do when sick with a respiratory virus (CDC)
• When your healthcare provider is infected/exposed with SARS-CoV-2 (CDC)
• Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC)
• Steroids, dexamethasone at the right time (OFID)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org)
• Metformin use in adults with diabetes and incidence of long COVID (Diabetes Care)
• Letters read on TWiV 1150
• Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to [email protected]

From the annual meeting of the American Society for Virology, Kathy and Brianne speak with Mary Estes about her career and the research of her laboratory on viruses that infect the gastrointestinal tract, including rotavirus and norovirus.

Guest: Mary Estes

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• MicrobeTV Discord Server
• Diarrhea induced by rotavirus NSP4 (Science)
• Minimal infective dose of rotavirus (Arch Virol)
• mRNA release from rotavirus particles (Nat Struct Biol)
• Norovirus vaccine (Clin Ther)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin dives into “pandemic potential” viruses isolated from farmed fur animals, how the mRNA and pox vectored vaccines against mpox spar against each other, how telehealth does managing mpox, and if prophylactic use of the anti-RSV monoclonal for infants is cost-effective before reviewing the recent statistics on SARS-CoV-2 infection, if viral load correlates to one vaccination status, where to find PEMGARDA, does administration of molnupiravir reduce symptoms in the vaccinated, when to use convalescent plasma, how molnupiravirs treatment leads to better outcomes 3 and 6 months after treatment, a reminder of how and when to use steroids to treat COVID-19, what do when healthcare workers succumb to SARS-CoV-2 infection, if vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 does protect against long COVID, and if SARS-CoV-2 during Omicron alters ones’ micriobiota.

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• Lending you the viruses in my fur (Nature)
• mRNA or vaccinia based mpox vaccine (Cell)
• Virtual outpatient management of mpox (OFID)
• NYC: mpox vaccination finder (NYC)
• Vaccine, mpox/COVID-19 near you (NYC)
• Expensive or not expensive anti-RSV monoclonal therapy for infants (American Academy of Pediatrics)
• COVID-19 deaths (CDC)
• COVID-19 national and regional trends (CDC)
• COVID-19 variant tracker (CDC)
• SARS-CoV-2 genomes galore (Nextstrain)
• Association of vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 viral load phase 3 (JID)
• IDSA Guidelines on the Treatment and Management of Patients with COVID-19 (IDSA)
• Where to get pemgarda (Pemgarda)
• EUA for the pre-exposure prophylaxis of COVID-19 (INVIYD)
• Early phase of SARs-CoV-2 infection (COVID.gov)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (ID Society)
• Drug interaction checker (University of Liverpool)
• Molnupiravir outcomes 3 and 6 months after treatment (LANCET Infectious Diseases)
• Antivirals and post-COVID-19 conditions (LANCET Infectious Disease)
• Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV)
• Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (ID Society)
• What to do when sick with a respiratory virus (CDC)
• When your healthcare provider is infected/exposed with SARS-CoV-2 (CDC)
• Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC)
• Steroids, dexamethasone at the right time (OFID)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org)
• Long COVID following infection with Omicron: oral microbiota changes(American Journal of Medicine)
• Letters read on TWiV 1148
• Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to [email protected]

TWiV reviews multi-country outbreak of Mpox, first face covering ban in Nassau County NY, case of polio in India, more in US accept vaccine misinformation, other wartime diseases in Gaza besides polio, a new scientist run virus genome database, Mpox epidemiology and vaccine effectiveness in England, and metabolic immaturity and breastmilk bile acid metabolites determine heightened newborn vulnerability to norovirus diarrhea.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, and Brianne Barker

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• MicrobeTV Discord Server
• Multi-country Mpox outbreak (WHO)
• Face covering ban in Nassau County (NBC)
• Polio case in India (Business Standard)
• More acceptance of vaccine misinformation (EurekAlert)
• War in Gaza not just causing polio (Jerusalem Post)
• Scientist run virus genome database (Science)
• Mpox epidemiology and vaccine effectiveness (Emerg Inf Dis)
• Newborn vulnerability to norovirus diarrhea (Cell Host Microbe)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Brianne – Viral adaptation to climate change Rich – “Understanding the biology of monkeypox virus to prevent future outbreaks” by B. Moss Vincent – We can now watch Grace Hopper’s famed 1982 lecture on YouTube

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin discusses seasonal influenza vaccine recommendations from the CDC, polio vaccine campaign securing mpox vaccine for Africa, and donating to reduce food insecurity in mpox affected areas before reviewing the recent statistics on SARS-CoV-2 infection, where to find PEMGARDA, when to use convalescent plasma, a reminder of how and when to use steroids to treat COVID-19, what do when healthcare workers succumb to SARS-CoV-2 infection, if vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 does protect against long COVID, how fibrin drives thromboinflammation and neuropathology in COVID-19, and an evidence based approach to long COVID.

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• Recommendations for seasonal influenza prevention and vaccines (MMWR)
• Gaza: poliovirus RNA in sewage water (Reuters)
• Success of the polio vaccination campaign in Gaza (Reuters)
• UNICEF-Gavi-WO-Africa CDC securing mpox vaccines (Gavi)
• mpox vaccine tender (CIDRAP)
• What about vaccines? (Bavarian Nordic)
• Resolving food insecurity (UNICEF USA)
• Semaglutide and the SELECT trial(Journal of the American College of Cardiology)
• COVID-19 deaths (CDC)
• COVID-19 national and regional trends (CDC)
• COVID-19 variant tracker (CDC)
• SARS-CoV-2 genomes galore (Nextstrain)
• Where to get pemgarda (Pemgarda)
• EUA for the pre-exposure prophylaxis of COVID-19 (INVIYD)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• Early phase of SARs-CoV-2 infection (COVID.gov)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (ID Society)
• Drug interaction checker (University of Liverpool)
• Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV)
• Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (ID Society)
• What to do when sick with a respiratory virus (CDC)
• When your healthcare provider is infected/exposed with SARS-CoV-2 (CDC)
• Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC)
• Optimal duration of systemic corticosteroids treatment (OFID)
• Steroids,dexamethasone at the right time (OFID)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org)
• Does vaccination prevent long COVID (LANCET: Respiratory Medicine)
• Fibrin drives thromboinflammation & neuropathology in COVID-19(Nature)
• Postacute sequelae of COVID: an evidenced based approach, Dr. Daniel Griffin (OFID)
• Letters read on TWiV 1146
• Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to [email protected]

TWiV reviews a case of polio in Gaza, more Mpox, COVID-19 boosters, effectiveness of Ebola virus vaccine, measles cases across the US, an endogenous retroviral envelope protein that regulates human cardiomyocyte development, and submergence of an encephalitic alphavirus caused by receptor shifts.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler

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• MicrobeTV Discord Server
• Gaza baby has polio (Times Israel)
• Monkeypox virus clade Ib in Thailand (CIDRAP)
• Updated COVID-19 vaccines (FDA)
• Effectiveness of Ebola virus vaccine (Lancet Inf Dis)
• Measles cases in Georgia, Oregon (CIDRAP)
• Retrovirus protein regulates cardiomyocyte development (Cell Stem Cell)
• Receptor shifts govern submergence of encephalitis arbovirus (Nature)
•  
• Letters read on TWiV 1145
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Kathy – Googlegangers and AWWW clip Rich – RP FLIP (floating instrument platform) Alan – Big labs are bad for careers Vincent – So You’re Underwater: Why Do You See That Circle of Light Above You?

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin discusses Dr. Fauci’s case of West Nile virus, polio vaccine campaign develops in Gaza, disease that associates with Oropouche virus, mpox: vaccines, clinical trial for mpox antiviral and the WHO strategic preparedness and response plan before reviewing the recent statistics on SARS-CoV-2 infection, how to obtain free COVID tests, EUA for updated Novavax COVID vaccine, ISDA support of and where to find PEMGARDA, breakthrough infections when administering PEMGARDA, when to use convalescent plasma, what do when healthcare workers succumb to SARS-CoV-2 infection, if nirmatrelvir/ritonavir is effective at preventing hospitalization of high risk patients, incidence of mental illness in the vaccinated and unvaccinated, the effect of amubarvimab/romlusevimab on long COVID outcome, having an evidence based approach to long COVID and how fibrin drives thromboinflammation and neuropathology in COVID-19.

Become a patron of TWiV!

• Fauci recovering at home from West Nile Virus infection (STAT News)
• Gaza: poliovirus RNA in sewage water (GPEI)
• Bombs and polio…..cease fire, Oh my!  (Guardian)
• The variant type 2 poliovirus in Gaza  (United Nations: The Question of Palestine)
• 25 years polio free?  (Facebook)
• 2 doses of nOPV2= 1.2M vaccines=640,000 children (CNN)
• More polio……India, two-year-old child in Tikrikilla, Meghalaya (Business Standard)
• Sloth fever……Oropouche virus (USA Today)
• Oropouche virus disease import into US (MMWR)
• Gabon’s first case of mpox (CIDRAP)
• Declaration of mpox (Gabonese Republic Ministry of Health and Social Affairs)
• What about vaccines? (Bavarian Nordic)
• LC16 replicating smallpox vaccine (WHO)
• Historical smallpox vaccination against mpox clade II (Eurosurveillance)
• FDA approves Emergent Bio’s smallpox vaccine for mpox (Reuters)
• Mpox: epidemiology and vaccinology (Emerging Infectious Disease)
• Tecovirimat for MPOX? (STOMP)
• UGH! The WHO has a strategic preparedness and response plan to contain mpox outbreak (WHO)
• WHO preparedness plan prepares to lunch (CIDRAP)
• Working blindly against new mpox isolate (Reuters)
• CDC monkey pox response: TRANSMISSION ? (CDC Newsroom)
• The mpox (Africa CDC: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
• Evidence for mpox respiratory transmission(LANCET Microbe)
• COVID-19 deaths (CDC)
• COVID-19 national and regional trends (CDC)
• COVID-19 variant tracker (CDC)
• SARS-CoV-2 genomes galore (Nextstrain)
• Four free COVID tests! (ASPR: Administration for Strategic Preparedness & Response)
• Great, more SARS-CoV-2 testing! (CIDRAP)
• EUA for updated Novavax COVID-19 vaccine (FDA)
• Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (ID Society)
• IDSA suggests new preventive COVID-19 agent (IDSA)
• Where to get pemgarda (Pemgarda)
• EUA for the pre-exposure prophylaxis of COVID-19 (INVIYD)
• Breakthrough from pemivibart/permgarda (bioRxiv)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• Early phase of SARs-CoV-2 infection (COVID.gov)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (ID Society)
• Drug interaction checker (University of Liverpool)
• Effectiveness of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir preventing hospitalization of high risk patients (Current Therapeutic Research)
• Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV)
• Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (ID Society)
• What to do when sick with a respiratory virus (CDC)
• When your healthcare provider is infected/exposed with SARS-CoV-2 (CDC)
• Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC)
• Steroids, dexamethasone at the right time (OFID)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org)
• COVID-19, mental illness vaccinated and unvaccinated (JAMA Psychiatry)
• Post acute COVID- 19 outcomes amubarvimab/romlusevimab versus placebo (eClinical Medicine)
• Postacute sequelae of COVID: an evidenced based approach, Dr. Daniel Griffin (OFID)
• Fibrin drives thromboinflammation & neuropathology in COVID-19 (Nature)
• Letters read on TWiV 1144
• Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to [email protected]

TWiV discusses WHO declaration of Mpox as a public health emergency of international concern, Sweden reports first case of clade 1b outside of Africa, can household pets be productively infected with monkeypox virus, widespread exposure to SARS-CoV-2 in wildlife communities, and modulation of plant defenses by insect salivary GAPDH benefits viral transmission.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler

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• MicrobeTV Discord Server
• Mpox outbreak is PHEIC (WHO)
• Tecovirimat not great against monkeypox virus clade I (NIH)
• Case of Mpox Clade I in Sweden (PHAS)
• Mpox and pets in USA (Emerg Inf Dis)
• SARS-CoV-2 widespread in wildlife communities (Nat Comm)
• Salivary GAPDH benefits plant virus transmission (Nat Comm)
• Letters read on TWiV 1143
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Dickson – NASA Confirms Evidence That Liquid Water Flows on Today’s Mars Kathy – TBP for PCR internal control Rich –  xmACIS2 compares the data in the ACIS database to that in GHCN-Daily Alan – Larry, the world’s most highly cited cat Vincent – The Viral Paleontologist Who Unearths Pathogens’ Deep Histories

Ryan – Mpox emergencies AP News one and two Rona – Up in smoke David – Ode to Joy (YouTube, TikTok)

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin discusses global transmission of mpox, the different clades of the virus and associated pathogenesis, vaccination vs antiviral therapy against mpox and the US’s aid response for controlling the African outbreak before reviewing the recent statistics on SARS-CoV-2 infection, authorization and approval of updated COVID vaccines, the economic benefit of an annual COVID vaccine and if the first updated vaccines against XBB.1.5 were effective, where to find PEMGARDA, breakthrough infections when administering PEMGARDA, when to use convalescent plasma, what do when healthcare workers succumb to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and how long COVID differs in children and adolescents.

Become a patron of TWiV!

• mpox epidemic caused by monkeypox clade I in affected African countries (European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control)
• mpox in Pakistan (Reuters)
• mpox imported into Pakistan (UNMC Global Center for Health Security)
• mpox domesticated in Taiwan (Focus Taiwan: CAN English News)
• clade IIb not Ib in Taiwan (bne Intellinews)
• WHO: mpox public health emergency of global care (NY Times)
• Vaccines didn’t turn back mpox…..people did (NY Times)
• Deadlier mpox version in Thailand (NY Times)
• Antiviral tecovirimat….not so much (NIH News)
• What about vaccines? (Bavarian Nordic)
• Invest or not to invest Barvaian Nordic pox vaccine manufacturer? (Yahoo! Finance)
• US to support Africa’s mpox response (CIDRAP)
• $35M to support mpox outbreak response in central and eastern Africa (USAID From the AMERICAN PEOPLE)
• COVID-19 deaths (CDC)
• COVID-19 national and regional trends (CDC)
• COVID-19 variant tracker (CDC)
• FDA approves and authorizes updated mRNA COVID-19 vaccines (FDA)
• Novavax still working on updated COVID-19 vaccine (novavax)
• COVID-19 variant update (CDC & IDSA)
• Economic benefit of annual COVID-19 vaccination (JID)
• Early COVID-19 XBB.1.5 vaccine effectiveness (Influenza and other respiratory viruses)
• Uptake of COVID-19 vaccines and associated hospitalization due to COVID-19 in pregnancy (Vaccine)
• Novavax heterologous booster demonstrates lower reactogenicity (JID)
• Where to get pemgarda (Pemgarda)
• EUA for the pre-exposure prophylaxis of COVID-19 (INVIYD)
• Breakthrough from pemivibart/permgarda (bioRxiv)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• Early phase of SARs-CoV-2 infection (COVID.gov)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (ID Society)
• Drug interaction checker (University of Liverpool)
• Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV)
• Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (ID Society)
• What to do when sick with a respiratory virus (CDC)
• When your healthcare provider is infected/exposed with SARS-CoV-2 (CDC)
• Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC)
• Steroids,dexamethasone at the right time (OFID)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org)
• Long COVID differs in children and adolescents (JAMA Network)
• Letters read on TWiV 1142
• Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to [email protected]

TWiV discusses the spread of monkeypox virus clade 1b in Africa, COVID drops to tenth leading cause of death in the US, response to detection of poliovirus in Gaza, mechanism of MIS-C after SARS-CoV-2 infection, neonatal Fc receptor is a pan-arterivirus receptor, and antiviral immunity in plants mediated by protein arginine methyltransferase 6.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Rich Condit, and Brianne Barker

Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email

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• MicrobeTV Discord Server
• Mpox widespread in Africa (CIDRAP)
• Africa declares Mpox emergency (Science)
• COVID drops to 10th leading cause of US deaths (MMWR)
• Response to detection of poliovirus in Gaza (WHO)
• Molecular mimicry in MIS-C (Nature)
• Neonatal Fc receptor is pan-arterivirus receptor (Nat Comm)
• Antiviral immunity in plants by protein arginine methytransferase 6 (Cell Host Micr)
• Letters read on TWiV 1141
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Brianne – Kate Douglass: Olympian and Statistician (Swimming in Data) Dickson – Women of recent note: Kamala Harris (Democratic Party presidential candidate); Katie Ladecky (10,000 meters); Sydney McLaughlin-Levrone (400 meter hurdles); Gabby Thomas, Sha’Carri Richardson, Melissa Jefferson, and Twanisha Terry (4 x 100 relay); women’s basketball team Rich – Texas State University Forensic Anthropology Research Facility Vincent – Sea lion ‘camera crews’ capture new footage of ocean floor

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin discusses the harms of perpetuating the lab leak hypothesis and the recent ACIP recommendations for the RSV vaccine for those individuals over 60, before reviewing the recent statistics on SARS-CoV-2 infection, treatment guidelines for the different phases of COVID, including vaccines, Pemgarda, early treatment with Paxlovid, remdesivir and molnupiravir, steroids at the right time, anticoagulation support, immune modulation in some cases, and a comprehensive definition of long COVID.

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• Measles transmission after secondary vaccination failure (Emerg Inf Dis)
• Mpox public health emergency of international concern (WHO)
• First case of new mpox strain outside of Africa (Reuters)
• COVID-19 national trend (CDC)
• COVID-19 deaths (CDC)
• Where to get pemgarda (Pemgarda
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• Early phase of SARs-CoV-2 infection (COVID.gov)
• Individual monoclonal antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 should be used (CID)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (ID Society)
• Drug interaction checker (University of Liverpool)
• Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV)
• Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (ID Society)
• Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC)
• Steroids,dexamethasone at the right time (OFID)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org)
• Long COVID science, research and policy (Nature Medicine)
• Measurements of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection and postacute sequelae by the clinical laboratory (Annals of Internal Medicine)
• Risk factors for long COVID syndrome in postmenopausal women with previous SARS-CoV-2 infections (Annals of Epidemiology)
• New studies estimate long-COVID rates, identify risk factors (CIDRAP)
• Monitoring long COVID via telemedicine (PLoS One)
• Letters read on TWiV 1140
• Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to [email protected]

Vincent travels to the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm on 31 May 2024 to meet with Dr. Judith Bruchfeld and discuss her research on the etiology and treatment of Long COVID.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello

Guest: Judith Bruchfeld

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• MicrobeTV Discord Server
• Immune system perturbations in Long COVID (J Immunol)
• Post-COVID immune system perturbations (J Immunol)
• Systems disregulation in Long COVID (Sci Rep)
• Clincal standards for diagnosing, treating, and preventing Long COVID (Intl J Tuberc Lung Dis)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin discusses the harms of perpetuating the lab leak hypothesis and the recent ACIP recommendations for the RSV vaccine for those individuals over 60, before reviewing the recent statistics on SARS-CoV-2 infection, treatment guidelines for the different phases of COVID, including vaccines, Pemgarda, early treatment with Paxlovid, remdesivir and molnupiravir, steroids at the right time, anticoagulation support, immune modulation in some cases, and a comprehensive definition of long COVID.

Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email

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• Harms of the lab leak hypothesis (Journal of Virology)
• Lab leak mania (PaulOffit, Substack)
• This is a special message: pandemic started in nature! (TWiV)
• RSV vaccine recommendations August 6 2024 (MMWR)
• COVID-19 national trend (CDC)
• COVID-19 deaths (CDC)
• Where to get Pemgarda (Pemgarda)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• Early phase of SARs-CoV-2 infection (COVID.gov)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (ID Society)
• Drug interaction checker (University of Liverpool)
• Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV)
• Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (ID Society)
• Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC)
• Steroids,dexamethasone at the right time (OFID)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org) Long COVID defined (NEJM)
• Contribute to our Floating Doctors fundraiser
• Lenacapavir on Puscast #60
• Letters read on TWiV 1138
• Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to [email protected]

TWiV discusses a twice-yearly antiviral for prevention of AIDS, the WHO pandemic plan, West Nile resurgence in the US, the BANAL SARS-CoV-2 related viruses reproduce in human cells but do not transmit among animal hosts, and an amino acid change in dengue virus that enhances midgut replication in mosquitoes but reduces pathogenicity in humans.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler

Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email

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• MicrobeTV Discord Server
• PrEP with HIV-1 capsid inhibitor (NEJM)
• WHO pandemic plan (pdf)
• West Nile virus resurgence in US (NY Times)
• Properties of BANAL SARS-CoV-2 like viruses (Nat Micro)
• BANAL viruses on TWiV 809
• Different effect of dengue virus amino acid change in humans and mosquitoes (Sci Transl Med)
• Eng Ong Ooi on TWiV 633
• Letters read on TWiV 1137
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Kathy – Using big data to improve traffic light timing Rich – Dillo Dirt Alan – Dueling Banjos on banjo and kora Vincent – The world’s most expensive dinosaur and more

Mike – Science through a glass darkly Lisa – On A Mission“ Season Four

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin discusses how the pandemic may have effected our trust in physicians and hospitals and if waiting longer to make strain selection for the seasonal influenza vaccine would be advantageous before reviewing the recent statistics on SARS-CoV-2 infection, how different CVODI-19 vaccines effect the cardiovascular system, if the a third of either COVID-19 mRNA vaccine is effective, where to find PEMGARDA, if convalescent plasma, what do when healthcare workers succumb to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and the long term consequences of a SARS-CoV-2 infection on human health including incidences of diabetes, respiratory problems, hearing loss and maternal-fetal health. 

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• In physicians and hospitals, we trust (JAMA Network)
• Are there benefits for delaying seasonal influenza vaccine selections (JID)
• Personal protective effect for wearing surgical face masks in public spaces (the BMJ)
• COVID-19 national trend (CDC)
• COVID-19 deaths (CDC)
• Cardiovascular safety of different COVID-19 vaccination(Nature Comm)
• Effectiveness of a third dose of mRNA-1273 versus BNT162b2 among older adults (Vaccine)
• Where to get pemgarda (Pemgarda)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• Early phase of SARs-CoV-2 infection (COVID.gov)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (ID Society)
• Drug interaction checker (University of Liverpool)
• Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV)
• Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (ID Society)
• Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC)
• Steroids,dexamethasone at the right time (OFID)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org)
• Incidence of diabetes after SARS-CoV-2 infection (The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology)
• Post-COVID-19 respiratory sequelae two years after hospitalization (The Lancet Regional Health)
• Incidence of hearing loss following COVID-19 among young adults (eClinical Medicine)
• The effect of long-term COVID-19 infection on maternal and fetal complications (Scientific Reports)
• Contribute to our Floating Doctors fundraiser
• Letters read on TWiV 1136
• Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to [email protected]

TWiV reviews whats going on with measles and its global resurgence, poliovirus found in Gaza, vaccine hesitancy in a community, 14 year old dies of Nipah, selection of SARS-CoV-2 viruses resistant to nirmatrelvir, and protective but non-neutralizing antibodies from survivors of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Brianne Barker, and Angela Mingarelli

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• MicrobeTV Discord Server
• What’s going on with measles? (J Virol)
• Poliovirus in Gaza (Science)
• Sanitation concerns in Gaza (AP)
• Community vaccine beliefs (PLoS One)
• 14 year old dies of Nipah in India (Hindustan Times)
• Selection of nirmatrelvir resistance mutants (Sci Adv)
• CCHFV monoclonal antibodies (Cell Rep)
• CCHFV vaccine (TWiV 565)
• Prometheus Project (TWiV 578)
• TWiV at USAMRIID (TWiV 1015)
• Letters read on TWiV 1135
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Angela – Animal research is not always king Brianne – Why the US has more tornadoes than any other country Dickson – Earth’s core has slowed so much it’s moving backward Alan – Article about the Smithsonian’s forensic ornithology lab, led by Carla Dove Vincent – Seventh patient ‘cured’ of HIV: why scientists are excited

Charles – An Inquiry into Morals by Robert M. Pirsig and My Beloved Monster by Caleb Carr

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin discusses Merck’s RSV preventative monoclonal antibody Clesrovimab before reviewing the recent statistics on SARS-CoV-2 infection, if previous SARS-COV-2 infections predict the outcome of subsequent infections, if using COVID rapid diagnostic tests is cost effective, if the protein based vaccine NVX-CoV2327 elicits a durable immune response, if combination treatment of vaccine and antiviral drugs effectively protect against hospitalization, where to find PEMGARDA, what do when healthcare workers succumb to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and how COVID-19 may alter the cognitive trajectories of older patients.

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• Clesrovimab, RSV preventative monoclonal antibody for infants (Merck)
• COVID-19 national trend (CDC)
• COVID-19 deaths (CDC)
• Characterizing SARS-CoV-2 reinfections and long COVID (Communications Medicine)
• Cost-effectiveness of COVID rapid diagnostic tests (PLoS Medicine)
• NVX-CoV2373 against pre-Delta and Delta strains of COVID-19 little evidence of waning immune response (CID)
• Combined Protection of Vaccination and Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir Against Hospitalization(CID)
• Pemgarda infusion center locator (Pemgarda)
• Respiratory virus guidance (CDC)
• Early phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID.gov)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (ID Society)
• Drug interaction checker (University of Liverpool)
• Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV)
• Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (ID Society)
• What do when your heathcare provider is infected with SARS-CoV-2 (CDC)
• Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC)
• Steroids,dexamethasone at the right time (OFID)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org)
• Cognitive trajectories in older survivors of COVID-19 up to 2.5 years post-infection(Nature Aging)
• Contribute to our Floating Doctors fundraiser
• Letters read on TWiV 1134
• Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to [email protected]

TWiV reviews cases of measles in Brooklyn NY and Washington DC, stalling of global childhood vaccination, licenses H5N1 vaccines protect against circulating strains, viruses traveling without passports. OC43 SARS-CoV- 2 spike replacement virus as an improved BSL-2 proxy virus for SARS-CoV-2 neutralization assays, and deep mutational scanning reveals functional constraints and antibody-escape potential of Lassa virus glycoprotein complex.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler

Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email

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• MicrobeTV Discord Server
• Measles in Brooklyn NY (ABC)
• Measles in Washington DC (DC Health)
• Global childhood immunization stalls (WHO)
• Licensed H5N1 vaccines protect against circulating strains (Nat Med)
• Viruses moving without passports (European CDC)
• OC42-SARS-CoV-2 replacement spike virus (PNAS)
• Deep mutational scanning of Lassa virus glycoprotein (Immunity)
• Letters read on TWiV 1133
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Dickson – Elemental sulfur found on Mars Kathy – Lennette Lectures at ASV, including Gail Wertz, ASV 2024 Rich – Electricity maps (Opinions: Nuclear Waste Is Misunderstood; Should We Be Worried About Nuclear Waste?) Alan – Nature sent an investigative reporter to a predatory conference Vincent – Coal-filled trains are likely sending people to the hospital

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

In his weekly clinical update, Dr, Daniel Griffin reviews President Biden’s case of COVID, reviews recent statistics on SARS-CoV-2 infection, discusses post-acute sequelae after infection during pregnancy, the use of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir for post-exposure prophylaxis, where to find Pemgarda, effectiveness of combined nirmatrelvir-ritonavir-molnupiravir treatment, effectiveness of Ensitrelvir in reducing severe outcomes in outpatients at high risk for COVID-19, effectiveness of combined nirmatrelvir-ritonavir-molnupiravir treatment in patients hospitalized with COVID-19, CDC update of Long COVID Basics page, postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the pre-delta, delta, and omicron eras, Long COVID risk has dropped over time but remains substantial, efficacy of antivirals, corticosteroids, and mAbs as acute COVID treatments in reducing the incidence of long COVID, and the interplay between diet and the gut microbiome: implications for health and disease.

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• President Biden has COVID (CNN, USA Today)
• COVID-19 national trend (CDC)
• COVID-19 deaths (CDC)
• Post–acute sequelae of COVID after infection during pregnancy (OB & Gyn)
• Oral nirmatrelvir–ritonavir as postexposure prophylaxis for Covid-19 (NEJM)
• Pemgarda infusion center locator (Pemgarda)
• Unable to access pemgarda, gotta call Daniel (microbeTV)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• Early phase of SARs-CoV-2 infection (COVID.gov)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (ID Society)
• Drug interaction checker (University of Liverpool)
• Combined treatment of COVID reduces molnupiravir-induced mutagenicity (J Inf Dis)
• Effectiveness of ensitrelvir in reducing severe outcomes in outpatients at high risk for COVID-19 (Inf Dis Therapy)
• Comparative effectiveness of combination therapy with nirmatrelvir–ritonavir and remdesivir versus monotherapy (Lancet)
• Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV)
• Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (ID Society)
• Isolation guidance (CDC)
• Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC)
• Steroids, dexamethasone at the right time (OFID)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org)
• Long COVID is defined (National Academies)
• Long COVID: the ANSWERS! (longcovidtheanswers.com)
• The FACTS: post COVID-19=long COVID? (WHO)
• The BASICS of long COVID-19 (CDC)
• Postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the pre-delta, delta, and omicron eras (NEJM)
• Long Covid risk has dropped over time but remains substantial (CNN)
• Efficacy of antivirals, corticosteroids, and mAbs as acute COVID treatments in reducing the incidence of long COVID (Clin Micro Inf)
• Diet and the gut microbiome: implications for health and disease (Nat Rev Micro)
• Contribute to our Floating Doctors fundraiser
• Letters read on TWiV 1132
• Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to [email protected]

TWiV reviews the potential impact on science of the Supreme Court ruling in the Chevron decision, measles in New Hampshire and Vermont, new who proposed terminology for respiratory pathogen transmission, and pathogenicity and transmission of bovine H5N1 influenza virus.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, and Rich Condit

Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email

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• MicrobeTV Discord Server
• Articles on Chevron decision (one, two, three)
• Measles in New Hampshire and Vermont (NH DHHS)
• Pathogenicity and transmission of bovine H5N1 virus (Nature)
• Letters read on TWiV 1131
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Dickson – Stockholm Wood City Rich – “The Wide Wide Sea” by Hampton Sides Vincent – Tour de France stage 12

Amy – Earth Forced from the Protective Heliosphere: What Do We know?

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin discusses H5N1 influenza in the bird and cow communities of Colorado and Michigan and dengue in New York and the US before reviewing the recent statistics on SARS-CoV-2 infection, the absence of association with proton pump inhibitors and COVID-19 severity in children, where to find PEMGARDA, the effectiveness of molnupiravir and dexamethasone, convalescent plasma, what to do when healthcare workers succumb to SARS-CoV-2 infection, a resource of long COVID answers, how the WHO and CDC define long COVID and how it compares to ME/CSF.

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• H5N1: birds and cows oh, my…..Michigan and Colorado (CIDRAP)
• Flu pandemic for the Colorado chicken (Colorado Sun)
• It’s a disaster: Avian flu in Weld county (Colorado.gov)
• More 9.7 million dengue cases in US this year: CDC issues warning (Patch.com)
• Long Island has DENGUE! (Long Island News12)
• COVID-19 national trend (CDC)
• COVID-19 deaths (CDC)
• Association between proton pump inhibitors and COVID-19 susceptibility or severity in children? (Journal of Pediatrics)
• Where to get pemgarda (Pemgarda)
• Unable to access pemgarda, gottacall Daniel (microbeTV)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• Early phase of SARs-CoV-2 infection (COVID.gov)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (ID Society)
• Drug interaction checker (University of Liverpool)
• Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV)
• Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (ID Society)
• What do when your heathcare provider is infected with SARS-CoV-2 (CDC)
• Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC)
• Steroids,dexamethasone at the right time (OFID)
• Benefits of desamethasone, reversal of monocyte dysfunction for severe COVID-19 (Cell)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org)
• Long COVID: the ANSWERS! (longcovidtheanswers.com)
• The FACTS: post COVID-19=long COVID? (WHO)
• The BASICS of long COVID-19 (CDC)
• Beyond Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Redefining an Illness (CDC)
• Contribute to our Floating Doctors fundraiser
• Letters read on TWiV 1130
• Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to [email protected]

TWiV reviews measles in Kenya, a trial for a intranasal COVID vaccine, dengue in the Florida Keys and in Central/South America, Spain connecting government with scientists, T cell activation and viral RNA fragments persist for up to 2 years after SARS-CoV-2 infection, and durable cross-reactive and protective antibodies against avian N2 neuraminidases elicited by A(H2N2) and A(H3N2) influenza pandemics.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello and Alan Dove

Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email

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• MicrobeTV Discord Server
• Measles in Kenya (WHO)
• Intranasal COVID vaccine trial (NIH)
• Dengue in Florida Keys (Florida Health)
• Dengue rising in Central/South America (NPR)
• Spain to connect scientists with government (Science)
• Persistence of T cells and viral RNA after SARS-CoV-2 infection (Sci Transl Med)
• Influenza pandemics induce cross-reactive antibodies against avian N2 (Nat Comm)
• Letters read on TWiV 1129
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Alan – The first few minutes of this video by Roger Barnes Vincent – Billy & Molly: An Otter Love Story

Fernando – A City on Mars

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin discusses the fourth US case of H5N1 human infection and reminds the audience of the definition of “pasteurization” before reviewing the recent statistics on SARS-CoV-2 infection, where to find PEMGARDA, the effectiveness of molnupiravir and dexamethasone, convalescent plasma, what to do when healthcare workers succumb to SARS-CoV-2 infection, how an EEG can be used to look for signatures of cognitive decline after SARS-CoV-2 infection and what we observed 2 years following SARS-CoV-2 infection for tissue-resident T cell and viral RNA persistence.

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• Fourth case human infection associated with an ongoing multistate outbreak of A(H5N1) (CDC)
• Human H5N1 in Colorado and thedefinition of pasteurization (CIDRAP)
• Is “raw” milk more risky than pasteurized (Annenberg Public Policy Center)
• COVID-19 national trend (CDC)
• COVID-19 deaths (CDC)
• Winter, spring, summer and fall COVID-19 surges? (CDC)
• Where to get pemgarda (Pemgarda)
• Unable to access Pemgarda, gotta call Daniel (microbeTV)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• Early phase of SARs-CoV-2 infection (COVID.gov)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (ID Society)
• Drug interaction checker (University of Liverpool)
• Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV)
• Molunpiravir works: reduces hospitalizations and deaths due to COVID-19 and all-cause mortality (CID)
• Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (ID Society)
• What do when your heathcare provider is infected with SARS-CoV-2 (CDC)
• Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC)
• Steroids,dexamethasone at the right time (OFID)
• Benefits of dexamethasone, reversal of monocyte dysfunction for severe COVID-19 (Cell)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org)
• EEG signatures for cognitive decline after SARS-CoV-2 infection (BMC Medicine)
• Tissue resident T-cells and viral RNA 2 years after SARS-CoV-2 infection (Science Translational Medicine)
• Contribute to our Floating Doctors fundraiser
• Letters read on TWiV 1128
• Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to [email protected]

TWiV discusses secret anti-vax campaign run by Pentagon to undermine China during pandemic, NY governor’s subways mask ban proposal, Colorado bat facility sparks outbreak fears, House budget billls suggest ban on gain of function research, evolution of STAT2 resistance to flavivirus NS5, and brainwide silencing of prion protein by AAV-mediated delivery of an epigenetic editor.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, and Alan Dove

Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email

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• MicrobeTV Discord Server
• Pentagan anti-vac campaign to undermine China (Reuters)
• NY governor subway mask ban (AP News)
• Colorado bat facility sparks outbreak fears (Science)
• House NIH budget bans gain of function research (Science)
• Evolution of STAT2 resistance to flavivirus NS5 (Nat Commun)
• Brainwide silencing of prion protein by AAV delivered epigenetic editor (Science)
• Letters read on TWiV 1127
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Dickson – Mars Odyssey Orbiter is about to make its 100,000th orbit Alan – Local animal shelters and “kitten season.” Vincent – Supreme Court allows cities to ban homeless people sleeping outside, even when shelter space is lacking

Blog design – Trump vows to defund schools requiring vaccines for students Jon – Detections of highly pathogenic avian influenza in mammals

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin discusses RSV vaccination recommendations and revisions to guidelines before reviewing the recent statistics on SARS-CoV-2 infection, data suggesting that individuals with high HLA-DQA2 expression (MHC class II) are better at preventing the onset of a sustained viral infection, how moderate coffee intake can reduce risk of COVID-19 severity but cannabis use resulted in more severe disease but reduced risk of mortality, where to find PEMGARDA, if statin use prevented severe COVID-19, the benefit of administering nirmatrelvir and ritonavir after 5 days, convalescent plasma, what do when healthcare workers succumb to SARS-CoV-2 infection, if fecal microbiota transplants aid in recovery from COVID-19, and the definition of characteristics and clinical patterns for the diagnosis of long COVID.

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• CDC ACIP for RSV (CDC)
• This respiratory virus season everyone age 75 and older receive the RSV vaccine (CDC Newsroom)
• Revised RSV vaccine recommendations (CIDRAP)
• COVID-19 national trend (CDC)
• COVID-19 deaths (CDC)
• Local and systemic response dynamics to SARS-CoV-2 infection (Nature)
• Drink more coffee, reduces risk for SARS-C0V-2 infection (Cell & Bioscience)
• Cannabis, tobacco…smoking in general NOT good for preventing COVID-19 (JAMA Network OPEN)
• Do older versions of the COVID-19 vaccine still provide any protection (JAMA Internal Medicine)
• Where to get pemgarda (Pemgarda)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• Early phase of SARs-CoV-2 infection (COVID.gov)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (ID Society)
• Adjuvant statin therapy reduces SARS-CoV-2 mortality (American Journal of Medicine)
• Nirmatrelvir and ritonavir beyond 5 days of symptom onset improved the multiple organ dysfunction in severe COVID-19 patient (BMC Infectious Disease)
• Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV)
• Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (ID Society)
• What do when your heathcare provider is infected with SARS-CoV-2 (CDC)
• Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC)
• Steroids, dexamethasone at the right time (OFID)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org)
• Faecal microbtiota transplantation cures sleep disturbance in post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology)
• Long COVID defined by patient phenotype (CIDRAP)
• Three distinct symptom-based post-COVID condition phenotypes (JID)
• Contribute to our Floating Doctors fundraiser
• Letters read on TWiV 1126
• Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to [email protected]

TWiV reviews criticism of NIAID monkeypox virus experiments by House Republicans, spread of wild poliovirus across Afghanistan and Pakistan, plan to overhaul NIH by House lawmakers, and the potential pandemic risk of circulating swine H1N2 influenza viruses.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Brianne Barker, and Angela Mingarelli

Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email

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• MicrobeTV Discord Server
• 2024 International HBV Meeting
• House Republicans fault NIH for evasive answers on monkeypox virus study (Science)
• Report on MPX experiments at NIAID (pdf)
• Wild poliovirus spreads across Pakistan and Afghanistan (Science)
• Plan to overhaul NIH (Science)
• Reforming NIH (pdf)
• Potential pandemic risk of circulating swine H1N2 influenza viruses (Nat Comm)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Angela – Staring at the Sun — close-up images from space rewrite solar science Brianne – Water frost detected on Mars Volcanos Dickson – Best view yet of the Crab Nebula Vincent – Will Your Tattoo Give You Cancer: Probably Not…but Maybe?

Jessica – Manchurian plague

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin reviews the recent statistics on SARS-CoV-2 infection, before discussing methods for sterilizing filtering facepieces, an update to the fall COVID boosters, the emergency use application of a pre-exposure prophylactic and where to find it and drug interaction database, convalescent plasma, the effectiveness of the monoclonal antibody sotrovimab against Omicron variants, what to do when healthcare workers succumb to SARS-CoV-2 infection, the need for better nursing resources, how survivors of COVID-19-associated ARDS exhibited sustained elevation in endothelial dysfunction biomarkers, correlating with the severity of impaired gas exchange, reactivation of latent CMV as a consequence of a SARS-CoV-2 infection, identification of variables that might impact or predict a person’s time to recovery from an acute SARS-CoV-2 infection and if COVID-19 patients really have olfactory dysfunction more often than normally smelling individuals.

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• COVID-19 national trend (CDC)
• COVID-19 deaths (CDC)
• Comparison of methods for sterilizing filtering facepiece respirators (American Journal of Infection Control)
• Booster update already! KP.2 of JN.1-lineage (FDA)
• EUA for pemgarda (FDA)
• Where to get pemgarda (Pemgarda)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• Early phase of SARs-CoV-2 infection (COVID.gov)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (ID Society)
• Drug interaction checker (University of Liverpool)
• Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV)
• Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (ID Society)
• Revisiting monoclonal antibody therapy, sotrovimab for treatment during Omicron BA.2 and BA.5 (Infection)
• What do when your healthcare provider is infected with SARS-CoV-2 (CDC)
• Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC)
• Steroids,dexamethasone at the right time (OFID)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org)
• Hospital nurse staffing variation & COVID-19 (International Journal of Nursing Studies)
• Endothelial dysfunction and persistent inflammation severe post-COVID-19 (BMC Medicine)
• Prevalence and risk for CMV reaction due to COVID-19 pneumonia (PLoS One)
• Variables that impact recovery from acute SARS-CoV-2 infetion (JAMA Network Open)
• Reduced olfactory bulb volume with dysfunction after mild SARS-CoV-2 inction (Scientific Reports)
• Contribute to our Floating Doctors fundraiser
• Letters read on TWiV 1124
• Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to [email protected]

Vincent travels to Europic 2024 in Jyväskylä, Finland to speak with Tapani Hovi and Caroline Tapparel about their careers and their research on enteroviruses and elimination of poliomyelitis.

Host: Vincent Racaniello

Guests: Tapani Hovi and Caroline Tapparel

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• Survival of influenza virus on banknotes (Appl Environ Micro)
• Variant EV-A71 in immunosuppressed patient (Cell Rep)
• Rhinoviruses and respiratory enteroviruses (Viruses)
• Isolation of poliovirus in mouse cells producing Pvr (J Clin Micro)
• Outbreak of paralytic poliomyelitis in Finland (Lancet)
• Role of environmental poliovirus surveillance in global polio eradication (Epi Infect)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin discusses expanded use of the RSV vaccine by GSK, how the youngest member of the MicrobeTV family was hospitalized with RSV, why we are seeing more RSV infections than before the pandemic and how administration of monoclonal antibody therapy does not prevent infection but disease, before reviewing the weekly US COVID update, how SARS-CoV-2 affects neurodevelopment of the fetus and probability of preeclampsia, if giving Paxlovid prevents long COVID, and FDA recommends switching from the XBB.1.5 variant to JN.1 for fall COVID-19 vaccine formulations.

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• Young “Immune” co-host with RSV (YouTube)
• RSV on Immune (MicrobeTV)
• More children hospitalized with RSV after pandemic than before (Pediatrics)
• France supports Nirsevimab for RSV (Influenza and other respiratory viruses)
• Protects against disease not infection Nirsevimab (CIDRAP)
• TWiV tells it likes it is: protects against disease NOT infection (TWiV 695)
• RSV vaccine access expanded 50-59 (CIDRAP)
• GSK RSV vaccine expanded use for high risk 50-year olds (GSK)
• COVID-19 deaths
• COVID-19 national trend
• Neurodevelopmental delay in children whose mothers exposed to SARS-CoV-2 (Scientific Reports)
• Preeclampsia associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection (Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine)
• Effectiveness of nirmatelvir/ritonavir in children and adolescents (Nat Comm)
• JN.1 for fall COVID-19 boosters (FDA)
• COVID-19 vaccine booster switch (CIDRAP)
• EUA for pemgarda (FDA)
• Infusion centers near you! (pemgarda.com)
• CDC quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• Early phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID.gov)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (IDSociety)
• Drug interaction checker (University of Liverpool)
• Molnupiravir safety and efficiacy (JMV)
• Convalescent plasma recommendations for immunocompromised (ID Society)
• Updated respiratory virus guidelines (CDC)
• What to do when your healthcare provider is infected with SARS-CoV-2 (CDC)
• Managing healthcare staff shortages (CDC)
• Steroids, dexamethasone at the right time (OFID)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org)
• Long COVID evidence based review TWiV shout out (TWiV 1088)
• Nirmatrelvir-ritonavir prevents long COVID-19? (JAMA Medicine)
• Contribute to our Floating Doctors fundraiser
• Letters read on TWiV 1122
• Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to [email protected]

TWiV rebuts a recent opinion piece which falsely claims that the COVID-19 pandemic began in a lab (it began in Nature). This material has been extracted from TWiV 1121.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, Brianne Barker, and Jolene Ramsey

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• MicrobeTV Discord Server
• SARS-CoV-2 origin discussions previously on TWiV:
  • TWiV 1019: Eddie Holmes on SARS-CoV-2 origins
  • TWiV 1017: From Nature, not a lab
  • TWiV 995: Viral origin stories
  • TWiV 940: Eddie Holmes in on viral origins
  • TWiV 876: Spillover market with Michael Worobey
  • TWiV 762: SARS-CoV-2 origins with Robert Garry
  • TWiV 760: SARS-CoV-2 origins with Peter Daszak, Thea Kølsen Fischer, Marion Koopmans
  • TWiV 774: Kristian Andersen, Robert Garry, and the deleted SARS-CoV-2 sequences
• Why the Pandemic Probably Started in a Lab, in 5 Key Points (NY Times)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

TWiV rebuts a recent opinion piece which falsely claims that the COVID-19 pandemic began in a lab (it began in Nature), followed by a discussion of Paride bacteriophage, which has the unsual property of being able to kill dormant, antibiotic-tolerant cells by direct lytic replication.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, Brianne Barker, and Jolene Ramsey

Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email

Become a patron of TWiV!

• MicrobeTV Discord Server
• 2024 International HBV Meeting
• Register for ASV Annual Meeting
• SARS-CoV-2 origin discussions previously on TWiV:
  • TWiV 1019: Eddie Holmes on SARS-CoV-2 origins
  • TWiV 1017: From Nature, not a lab
  • TWiV 995: Viral origin stories
  • TWiV 940: Eddie Holmes in on viral origins
  • TWiV 876: Spillover market with Michael Worobey
  • TWiV 762: SARS-CoV-2 origins with Robert Garry
  • TWiV 760: SARS-CoV-2 origins with Peter Daszak, Thea Kølsen Fischer, Marion Koopmans
  • TWiV 774: Kristian Andersen, Robert Garry, and the deleted SARS-CoV-2 sequences
• Why the Pandemic Probably Started in a Lab, in 5 Key Points (NY Times)
• Phage Paride kills dormant, antibiotic-tolerant cells of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Nat Comm)
• Interview with Enea Maffei (Spotify)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Brianne – How to build a nuclear warning for 10,000 years’ time Rich – Doctor My Eyes | Jackson Browne Alan – WHO Health for All Film Festival winners Jolene – El enemigo de mi enemigo es mi amigo Vincent – A Population Dotmap of New York City and Race and Ethnicity in New York City

David – The greatest clock (and map) ever made Peter – The Mouse as a Microscope

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin reports the third case of influenza H5N1 infection in a human, this time with respiratory symptoms, an H5 avian influenza virus wastewater dashboard, FDA approves Moderna’s mRNA vaccine for respiratory syncytial virus, vaccine advisors to FDA recommend switching from the XBB.1.5 variant to JN.1 for fall COVID-19 vaccine formulations, weekly US COVID update, a controlled human exhaled breath aerosol experimental study on the relative efficacy of masks and respirators as source control for viral aerosol shedding from people infected with SARS-CoV-2, systematic review of early use of oral antiviral drugs and the risk of post COVID-19 syndrome, long-COVID autonomic syndrome in working age and work ability impairment, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that 5.3% of Americans currently have long COVID, and the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine presented a report with  a number of conclusions about long-COVID diagnosis, symptoms, and impact on daily function.

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• More cattle and dairy workers infected with highly pathogenic H5N1 in Michigan (CDC Newsroom)
• Not eye but respiratory human H5N1 in Michigan (CIDRAP)
• Emory and Stanford’sH5N1 dashboard (Emory and Stanford)
• FDA approval for MRESVIA(FDA)
• Moderna RSV vaccine for the elderly (CIDRAP)
• Moderna announces approval of MRESVIA (moderna)
• FDA VRBPAC meeting for fall COVID boosters (FDA)
• JN.1 variant for fall booster (CIDRAP)
• COVID-19 national trend (CDC)
• COVID-19 deaths (CDC)
• Masks and respirators for source control from viral aerosol shedding (Lancet)
• Spring vaccine advice (CIDRAP)
• Older adult spring booster available (CDC)
• Advisory committee for immunization practices slides (CDC)
• EUA for pemgarda (FDA)
• Where to get pemgarda (Pemgarda)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• Early phase of SARs-CoV-2 infection (COVID.gov)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (ID Society)
• Drug interaction checker (University of Liverpool)
• Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV)
• Convalescent plasma recommendations for immunocompromised (IDSociety)
• Updated respiratory virus guidances (CDC)
• What to do when your healthcare provider is infected with SARS-CoV-2 (CDC)
• Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC)
• Steroids, dexamethasone at the right time (OFID)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org)
• Early use of oral antiviral drugs and risk of long COVID (Journal of Infection)
• Early antiviral use associates with low risk of long COVID (CIDRAP)
• Long-COVID autonomic syndrome impairment (Scientific reports)
• Autonomic nervous assessment tool (hATTR)
• Do you know percentage of population with long COVID? (CDC National Center for Health Statistics)
• How many symptoms are there to long COVID? (CIDRAP)
• Long-term health effects of long COVID (National Academies of Sciences Engineering Medicine)
• Long COVID evidence based review TWiV shout out
• Contribute to our Floating Doctors fundraiser
• Letters read on TWiV 1120
• Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to [email protected]

TWiV reviews viral shedding and antibody responses of men with acute monkeypox virus infection, and gene editing for latent herpes simplex virus infection reduces viral load and shedding.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, Kathy Spindler, and Angela Mingarelli

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• MicrobeTV Discord Server
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• 2024 International HBV Meeting
• Michelson Prizes: Next Generation Grants
• Register for ASV Annual Meeting
• Monkeypox virus shedding (Nat Commun)
• Gene editing of herpes simplex virus (Nat Commun)
• Letters read on TWiV 1119
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Angela – Unconventional Sex Let Anglerfish Conquer the Deep Ocean Kathy – Doonesbury from 5-26-24. And Publish or Perish game Rich – Sky: Giant Sunspot Region 3664 and Resulting Auroras APOD video Vincent – Mysterious sea urchin plague is spreading through the world’s oceans

Abdulaziz – Biomedical Scientist Answers Pseudoscience Questions

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin delves into highly pathogenic H5N1 infection of hunting dogs, dairy cattle, humans and alpacas before reviewing the recent statistics on SARS-CoV-2 infection, risks factors associated with the development of severe COVID-19 in pediatric patients, virus transmission on commercial airline flights, the guidelines for spring administration of COVID vaccines boosters, the emergency use application of a pre-exposure prophylactic, a drug interaction database, absence of durability of XBB.1.15 vaccine induced immunity and continues to dispel the myth of viral rebound, when to use steroids and the benefits of convalescent plasma, what do when healthcare workers succumb to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and discusses why development of long COVID should be included in the development of treatments for acute viral disease, if vaccination effects long COVID, structural impairment of brain during long COVID, how cognitive and respiratory function may be compromised in long COVID.  For more information about long COVID-19 listen to TWiV 1088 and for H5N1 in dairy cattle and unpasteurized milk TWiV 1117.

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• Bird dogs  infected with high pathogenic avian flu H5N1(AKC)
• Hunting dogs with antibodiesagainst influenza A (H5N1) (Emerging Infectious Diseases)
• Dairy cattle and 2 humans infected with highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) (MMWR)
• Daisy, are you reading NEJM: cow’s milk infected with highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1)?  (NEJM)
• Better yet, listen TWiV 1117: pol dances with RNA to learn if mice can transmit H5N1 to each other
• Alpacasinfected with for highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) (CIDRAP)
• USDA is now inspecting for highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) in alpacas in Idaho (USDA APHIS)
• COVID-19 deaths
• COVID-19 national trend
• Risk factors for pediatric critical COVID-19 (JPIDS)
• Kids and their underlying conditions for increased risk for severe COVID-19 (CIDRAP)
• SARS-CoV-2 transmission during airline flights (Environmental Research and Public Health)
• Spring vaccine advice(CIDRAP)
• Older adult spring  booster available (CDC)
• Advisory committee for immunization practice slides(CDC)
• Really, durable immune response of XBB.1.5 vaccines against Omicron subvariants (NEJM)
• EUA for pemgarda(FDA)
• Infusion centers near you! (pemgarda.com)
• CDC quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• Early phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID.gov)
• NIHCOVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Infectious Disease Society guidelinesfor treatment and management (IDSociety)
• Drug interaction checker (University of Liverpool)
• Molnupiravirsafety and efficiacy (JMV)
• Convalescent plasma recommendations for immunocompromised (IDSociety)
• Updated respiratory virus guidelines (CDC)
• What to do when your healthcare provider is infected with SARS-CoV-2 (CDC)
• Managing healthcare staff shortages (CDC)
• Steroids, dexamethasone at the right time (OFID)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org)
• Long COVID evidence based review TWiV shout out (TWiV 1088)
• Post COVID-19 following virus vaccination (Nat Comm)
• Why include long COVID-19 when developing novel treatments for acute disease (JID)
• Cerebral microstructural alterations post COVID-19 cognitive, memory and fatigue (Nat Comm)
• Cognitive impairment prevalence and co-occurrence in children and young adults 12 months after Omicron infection (Brain)
• Persistent static lung hyperinflation and small airway dysfunction in long COVID (Respiratory Research)
• Long COVID evidence based review TWiV shout out
• Contribute to our Floating Doctors fundraiser
• Letters read on TWiV 1118
• Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to [email protected]

TWiV discusses presence of infectious avian H5N1 influenza virus in raw milk from infected dairy cows. dynamics of measles immunity from birth and following vaccination, and a mechanism for cis-preferential reverse transcription revealed by deep mutational scanning of hepatitis B virus.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker

Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email

Become a patron of TWiV!

• MicrobeTV Discord Server
• MicrobeTV store at Cafepress
• 2024 International HBV Meeting
• Michelson Prizes: Next Generation Grants
• Register for ASV Annual Meeting
• H5N1 influenza virus in raw cow milk infects mice (NIAID News)
• Dynamics of measles virus immunity from birth (Nat Comm)
• Mechanism of cis-preferential HBV reverse transcription (Cell)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Dickson – Oldest virus in Neanderthal bones Brianne – Jeopardy! winner reveals entwined memory systems make a trivia champion Kathy – Bright future of intelligent fabrics primary article and Self-dyeing textiles (primary article) Rich – Farewell to HD Atlas; Boston Dynamics Retires HD Atlas Robot Alan – Why vaccinating cattle against H5N1 is hard Vincent – Singapore Airlines turbulence: why climate change is making flights rougher

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin delves highly pathogenic H5N1 biology including its circulation in New York City, being able to infect cells within mammary glands and why testing is not supported before reviewing the recent statistics on SARS-CoV-2 infection, how vaccination reduced deaths and hospitalizations associated with COVID-19 and how to take off PPE to reduce virus transmission, discussing the guidelines for spring administration of COVID vaccines boosters, the emergency use application of a pre-exposure prophylactic, a drug interaction database and the global phase 3 trail of a novel antiviral, continues to dispel the myth of viral rebound, when to use steroids and the benefits of convalescent plasma, what do when healthcare workers succumb to SARS-CoV-2 infection, reminisces about when available monoclonal antibody therapies were effective, and discusses muscle training/exercise for treatment of PASC/long COVID and the use of RNase for its treatment. For more information about long COVID-19 listen to TWiV 1088.

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• Clade 2.3.4.4b of highly pathogenic H5N1 in NYC (J Vi)
• Avian and human influenza A receptors in bovine mammary glands (bioRxiv)
• Where livestock infected with HPAI live (USDA)
• Another dairy worker contracted bird flu (NY Times)
• Reluctance to test for H5N1 (STAT News)
• COVID-19 national trend (CDC)
• COVID-19 deaths (CDC)
• Estimates of hospitalization and deaths prevaccination era (Emerg Inf Dis)
• Slightly less than half of COVID-19 patients died prevaccination (CIDRAP)
• Spring vaccine advice (CIDRAP)
• Older adult spring booster available (CDC)
• Advisory committee for immunization practices slides (CDC)
• Advisory committee for immunization practices spring 2024 COVID-19 boosters (CDC)
• EUA for pemgarda (FDA)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• Early phase of SARs-CoV-2 infection (COVID.gov)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (IDSociety)
• Drug interaction checker (University of Liverpool)
• Global phase 3 study of ensitrelvir (Shionogi)
• Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV)
• Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (IDSociety)
• Updated respiratory virus guidances (CDC)
• What do when your heathcare provider is infected with SARS-CoV-2 (CDC)
• Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC)
• Remember when monoclonal antibody therapies worked (JID)
• Steroids, dexamethasone at the right time (OFID)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org)
• Global clinical study of long COVID-19 (International Journal of Infecitous Diseases)
• Cardiopulmonary exercises testing of children with long COVID-19 (Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal)
• Phase 2 trial of RSVL-132 for severe fatigue related to PASC (CID)
• Muscle training may improve diaphragm muscle weakness 2 years after COVID-19 (American Journal of Respiratory Critical Care Health)
• Long COVID evidence based review TWiV shout out (TWiV 1088)
• Contribute to our Floating Doctors fundraiser
• Letters read on TWiV 1116
• Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to [email protected]

TWiV reviews results of a phase 3 trial of a self-amplifying mRNA COVID-19 vaccine, and the finding that baseline innate and T cell populations are correlates of protection against symptomatic influenza virus infection independent of serology.

Hosts: Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove and Brianne Barker

Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email

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• MicrobeTV Discord Server
• MicrobeTV store at Cafepress
• Michelson Prizes: Next Generation Grants
• Immunogenicity and safety of self-amplifying mRNA COVID-19 vaccine (Lancet Inf Dis)
• First self-amplifying mRNA vaccine approved in Japan (Science)
• Rise of the RNA machines (Trends Biochem)
• Innate and T cell populations correlates of protection against influenza (Nat Immunol)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Dickson - Nitrogen-fixing organelle in a marine algaBrianne – Mapping a lost branch of the Nile Alan – Interactive version of the updated USDA gardening zone map on NPR.

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin delves into discussing drinking “raw” milk possessing H5N1 influenza virus, if the virus can reproduce in the human gut, and the meaning of finding viral RNA in wastewater samples before reviewing the recent statistics on SARS-CoV-2 infection, the guidelines for spring administration of COVID vaccines boosters, withdrawal of AstraZeneca’s SARS-CoV-2 vaccine from the European market, discusses the emergency use application of a pre-exposure prophylactic, continues to dispel the myth of viral rebound, when to use steroids and the benefits of convalescent plasma, what do when healthcare workers succumb to SARS-CoV-2 infection, if administration of colchicine for the management of COVID-19, compares and provides information for the enrollment into the NIH clinical trials of long COVID and its effects on sleep, exercise intolerance and the cognitive profile in multiple sclerosis and post-COVID, exercise intolerance and post-exertional malaise. For more information about cow and milk infection by H5N1 listen to the discussion with Richard Webby on TWiV 1113 and for long COVID-19 listen to TWiV 1088. Dr. Griffin also provides a list of apps for monitoring one’s health including brain health.

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• Who demands milk infected with H5N1? (Futurism)
• Uncowed by milk possessing H5N1  (LA Times)
• Cow flu flying around for 4 months (CNN)
• The unpasteurized raw milk institute (Raw Milk Institute)
• Infection and reproduction of H5N1 in the human gut (JID)
• Wastewater samples identified H5N1 in 9 cities (medrxiv)
• Richard Webby, is H5N1 a concern? (TWiV 1113)
• COVID-19 national trend (CDC)
• COVID-19 deaths (CDC)
• Spring vaccineadvice (CIDRAP)
• Older adult spring booster available (CDC)
• Advisory committee for immunization practices slides (CDC)
• Advisory committee for immunization practices spring 2024 COVID-19 boosters (CDC)
• Withdrawal of Astra-Zeneca SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in Europe (European Medicines Agency)
• Astra-Zeneca withdraws SARS-CoV-2 vaccine from market (AP news)
• Global vaccine data/adverse event network (Vaccine)
• EUA for pemgarda (FDA)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• Early phase of SARs-CoV-2 infection (COVID.gov)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (IDSociety)
• Overuse ofantibiotics for COVID-19: a viral disease (European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases)
• Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV)
• Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (IDSociety)
• Outpatient treatment with concomitant vaccine-boosted convalescent plasma (mBio)
• Updated respiratory virus guidances (CDC)
• What do when your heathcare provider is infected with SARS-CoV-2 (CDC)
• Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC)
• Steroids,dexamethasone at the right time (OFID)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org)
• Colchicine for managing COVID-19 (BMC Pulmonary Medicine)
• Colchicine guidelines (ID Society)
• Long COVID evidence based review TWiV shout out (TWiV 1088)
• NIH long COVID sleep disturbance, exercise intolerance and post exertional malaise clinical trials (NIH News)
• COVID-19 Yorkshire rehabilitation scale (BML Open Respiratory Research)
• Visible heart monitor (Makevisible)
• Bearable app (Bearable)
• Tracking your chronic illness using Flaredown (Flaredown)
• Improving your brain health (BrainHQ)Vanderbilt’s long COVID resources: podcasts and books (Vanderbilt University)
• Contribute to our Floating Doctors fundraiser
• Letters read on TWiV 1114
• Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to [email protected]

Richard Webby joins TWiV to review the history of avian H5N1 influenza virus, the recent change in epidemiological patterns, infection of dairy cattle in the US, and the risk of an outbreak in humans.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, and Brianne Barker

Guest: Richard Webby

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• MicrobeTV Discord Server
• MicrobeTV store at Cafepress
• Webby research laboratory
• H5N1 virus in dairy cattle and cats (Emerg Inf Dis)
• Emergence of H5N1 virus in dairy cattle (bioRxiv)
• Spillover potential of H9N2 bat virus (Nat Commun and TWiV 1111)
• Letters read on TWiV 1113
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Brianne – The Little Researcher (from Bioss) Alan – Global Polio Eradication Initiative’s OPV switch was “unqualified failure.” Vincent – Errant Science

Moragh – Paper Cuts Podcast

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin deep dives into infections of dairy cattle with high pathogenic influenza H5N1, how long virus has been circulating and if known anti-influenza antivirals can reduce secondary attack rates, before reviewing the recent statistics on SARS-CoV-2 infection, the guidelines for spring administration of COVID vaccines boosters, whether COVID booster takes associates with long COVID prevalence, discusses the emergency use application of a pre-exposure prophylactic, if administration of oral antiviral therapies can prevent the onset of post-acute sequelae following SARS-CoV-2 infection, continues to dispel the myth of viral rebound, when to use steroids and the benefits of convalescent plasma, what do when healthcare workers succumb to SARS-CoV-2 infection, compares and contrasts the cognitive profile in multiple sclerosis and post-COVID, exercise intolerance following SARS-CoV-2 infection and the epidemiology of the pandemic in a Kenyan refugee camp. For more information about this body of work, listen to TWiV 1088.

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• Technical reports on high path avian influenza (CDC)
• High path cow influenza H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b (Emerging Infectious Diseases)
• Cow flu flying around for 4 months (CNN)
• Interstate commerce: high path avian influenza in dairy cattle (bioRxiv)
• Oseltamivir and baloxavir marboxil treatment for influenza in household index cases (Influenza and other respiratory viruses)
• COVID-19 national trend (CDC)
• COVID-19 deaths (CDC)
• Spring vaccine advice (CIDRAP)
• Older adult spring booster available (CDC)
• Advisory committee for immunization practices slides (CDC)
• Advisory committee for immunization practices spring 2024 COVID-19 boosters (CDC)
• EUA for pemgarda (FDA)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (IDSociety)
• Overuse ofantibiotics for COVID-19: a viral disease (European Soc Clin Micro Inf Dis)
• Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV)
• Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (IDSociety)
• Outpatient treatment with concomitant vaccine-boosted convalescent plasma (mBio)
• Updated respiratory virus guidances (CDC)
• What do when your heathcare provider is infected with SARS-CoV-2 (CDC)
• Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC)
• Antiviral effect of metformin on SARS-CoV-2 viral load (CID)
• Nirmatrelvir-ritonavir to prevent post-acute sequelae and mortality in SARS-CoV-2 hospitalized patients (Lancet Infectious Diseases)
• Oral antivirals for acute and post-acute sequelae from SARS-CoV-2 infection (Lancet Infectious Diseases)
• Nirmatrelvir-ritonavir for prevention of COVID-19 related hospitalization (American Journal of Therapeutics)
• Nirmatrelvir-ritonavir effectiveness (American Therapeutics)
• Steroids,dexamethasone at the right time (OFID)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org)
• Long COVID evidence based review TWiV shout out (TWiV 1088)
• Cognitive profile in multiple sclerosis and post-COVID (Scientific reports)
• Exercise intolerance in long COVID (American Journal of Medicine)
• Epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in the Kakuma refugee camp, Kenya (Emergining Infectious Diseases)
• Rohingya refugees (USA for UNHCR)
• Contribute to our Floating Doctors fundraiser
• Letters read on TWiV 1112
• Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to [email protected]

TWiV reviews viruses in the news: Chinese scientist who released the SARS-CoV-2 genome sequence sleeps in the street, a case of measles in Haifa, spread of waterborne infectious diseases in Gaza, interstate spread of avian influenza A(H5N1) in dairy cattle, and an orangutan heals himself with medicinal plants, followed by identification of a cell receptor for parechoviruses, and blockade of necroptosis prevents lung injury in severe influenza.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, and Alan Dove

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• MicrobeTV Discord Server
• MicrobeTV store at Cafepress
• Become a member of ASV (asv.org)
• The New City by Dickson Despommier (blog post)
• International Conference on Pandemic Preparedness
• Chinese virologist sleeps on street (Nature)
• Measles in Haifa (Jerusalem Post)
• Waterborne illness spreads in Gaza (Reuters)
• Interstate spread of H5N1 virus in dairy cattle (bioRxiv)
• Orangutan uses medicinal plants (Science)
• Parechovirus cell receptor identified (Nat Comm)
• Necroptosis blockade prevents lung injury in influenza (Nature)
• Necroptosis, pyroptosis and apoptosis (Cell Mol Immunol)
• Letters read on TWiV 1111
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Dickson – NASA’s Webb Finds Ethanol, Other Icy Ingredients for Worlds Alan – MyClimate.org calculators Vincent – Twenty-Five Lectures in Virology 2024

Alan – NPR story and interactive quiz on pandemic respiratory disease transmission Az – H5N1 Avian Flu in Mammals

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin begins with discussing if the antibiotic neomycin is really a pan-antiviral countermeasure, then reviews the recent statistics on SARS-CoV-2 infection before deep diving into if shedding and the rapid antigen test results correlate, the guidelines for spring administration of COVID vaccines boosters, whether COVID booster associates with the long COVID prevalence, discusses the emergency use application of a pre-exposure prophylactic, revised guidelines for how to treat respiratory viral infection guidelines by the CDC, the caveats for improper use of antibiotics to treat SARS-CoV-2 (a viral infection), continues to dispel the myth of viral rebound, when to use steroids and the benefits of convalescent plasma, what do when healthcare workers succumb to SARS-CoV-2 infection, if administration of an anti-immunoglobulin E monoclonal antibody can be used for COVID-19 treatment, if inhibiting T-cell activation will reduce secretion and production of inflammatory cytokines including IL-6, if changes in the gut microbiome associate with post -acute COVID-19 syndrome, and the pulmonary and neurologic determinants of long COVID-19 such as the presence of neurofilament light chain in plasma. For more information about this body of work, listen to TWiV 1088.

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• Intranasal antibiotic evokes antiviral response (PNAS)
• COVID-19 national trend (CDC)
• COVID-19 deaths (CDC)
• SARS-CoV-2 shedding vs rapid antigen test performance (MMWR)
• Spring vaccineadvice (CIDRAP)
• Older adult spring booster available (CDC)
• Advisory committee for immunization practices slides (CDC)
• Advisory committee for immunization practices spring 2024 COVID-19 boosters (CDC)
• COVID-19 booster take: cross-sectional study (Vaccine)
• EUA for pemgarda (FDA)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (IDSociety)
• Overuse ofantibiotics for COVID-19: a viral disease (European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases)
• Can you believe that antibiotics are ineffective against a viral illness (NKT Institute)
• Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV)
• Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (IDSociety)
• Outpatient treatment with concomitant vaccine-boosted convalescent plasma (mBio)
• Updated respiratory virus guidances (CDC)
• What do when your heathcare provider is infected with SARS-CoV-2 (CDC)
• Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC)
• Steroids,dexamethasone at the right time (OFID)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org)
• Immunologic antiviral therapy with omalizumab (OFID)
• Abatacept pharmacokinetics and exposure response (JAMA Network Open)
• Long COVID evidence based review TWiV shout out (TWiV 1088)
• Gut microbiome and post-acute COVID-19 syndrome, ugh? (Cell Host and Microbe)
• Pulmonary long COVID (JCI Insight)
• Neurofilament light chain in long COVID019 neurocognitive symptoms (Molecular Psychiatry)
• Contribute to our Floating Doctors fundraiser
• Letters read on TWiV 1110
• Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to [email protected]

TWiV reviews avian H5N1 influenza virus in the US, measles at highest levels in England, positive selection underlies repeated knockout of ORF8 in SARS-CoV-2 evolution, and cross-species spill-over potential of the H9N2 bat influenza A virus.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, and Alan Dove

Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email

Become a patron of TWiV!

• MicrobeTV Discord Server
• MicrobeTV store at Cafepress
• Become a member of ASV (asv.org)
• The New City by Dickson Despommier (blog post)
• International Conference on Pandemic Preparedness
• Bird flu in humans (NY Times)
• H5N1 genome sequences (USDA)
• Measles cases and outbreaks (CDC)
• Latest measles statistics (UK)
• Positive selection underlies ORF8 loss (Nat Comm)
• Spillover potential of bat H9N2 influenza virus (Nat Comm)
• Letters read on TWiV 1109
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Dickson – Journey to the Andromeda Galaxy, Highest jump in human history Alan – What Does a Scientist Look Like? photo gallery by Nature, and public display in London Vincent – The Campus-Left Occupation That Broke Higher Education, I’m a Columbia Professor. The Protests on my Campus are not Justice

David – Blue Angels unbelievable footage

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin reviews recent statistics on the circulation of measles, and H51 influenza infection of birds, poultry and cows before and SARS-CoV-2 circulation, before discussing if the original monovalent SARS-CoV-2 vaccine was effective in children and adolescents, how to use words to properly describe respiratory pathogens the guidelines for spring administration of COVID vaccines boosters, discusses the emergency use application of a pre-exposure prophylactic, revised guidelines for how to treat respiratory viral infection guidelines by the CDC, continues to dispel the myth of viral rebound, revised guidelines SARS-CoV-2 treatment and how to treat respiratory viral infections, when to use steroids and the benefits of convalescent plasma, what do when healthcare workers succumb to SARS-CoV-2 infection, if administration of remdesivir reduces mortality, long COVID, persistence of virus infection during long COVID and it prevalence. For more information about this body of work, listen to TWiV 1088.

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• Measles tracking (CDC)
• Cows, chickens and birds H5N1….oh, my (USDA)
• Evolution of circulating H5N1 (CIDRAP)
• COVID-19 national trend (CDC)
• COVID-19 deaths (CDC)
• Original monovalent mRNA vaccine effectiveness in children and adolescents (MMWR)
• Updated terminology for pathogens transmitted through the air (WHO)
• Are these really better definitions for pathogens transmitted through the air (NY Times)
• Pharmaceuticals for diseases spread through the air (Reuters)
• Older adult spring booster available (CDC)
• Advisory committee for immunization practices slides (CDC)
• Advisory committee for immunization practices spring 2024 COVID-19 boosters (CDC)
• EUA for pemgarda (FDA)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (IDSociety)
• WHO vs national guidelines for COVID-19 therapeutics (BMJ)
• COVID-19 and the bay of pigs (UNC)
• Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV)
• Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (IDSociety)
• Outpatient treatment with concomitant vaccine-boosted convalescent plasma (mBio)
• Updated respiratory virus guidances (CDC)
• What do when your heathcare provider is infected with SARS-CoV-2 (CDC)
• Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC)
• Steroids,dexamethasone at the right time (OFID)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org)
• Remdesivir associated with reduced mortality of hospitalized oxygenated patients (OFID)
• Long COVID evidence based review TWiV shout out (TWiV 1088)
• Long COVID prevalence among adults (MMWR)
• Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 infection (Lancet Infectious Diseases)
• More questions, new answers long COVID (Lancet Infectious Diseases)
• Contribute to our ASTMH fundraiser at PWB
• Letters read on TWiV 1108
• Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to [email protected]

It has been a long time since TWiV has released an all listener email episode, and if you have been waiting for one, then this episode is for you! (and everyone else of course).

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, and Brianne Barker

Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email

Become a patron of TWiV!

• MicrobeTV Discord Server
• MicrobeTV store at Cafepress
• Become a member of ASV (asv.org)
• The New City by Dickson Despommier (blog post)
• International Conference on Pandemic Preparedness
• Letters read on TWiV 1107
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Brianne – Cats Are Perfect. An Evolutionary Biologist Explains Why Alan – Bardcore music by Hildegard von Blingin’ Vincent – A quote from Georgia O’Keefe: “I think it’s so foolish for people to want to be happy. Happy is so momentary – you’re happy for an instant and then you start thinking again. Interest is the most important thing in life; happiness is temporary, but interest is continuous”. From the dailyphilosopher

Julia – Recent success in troubleshooting autoclave challenges Charmaine – Viruses, myelin, the evolution of complex life, and the Fermi paradox

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin reviews recent statistics on the circulation of measles, potential risk factors for severe disease following influenza infection before and SARS-CoV-2 circulation, before discussing if SARS-CoV-2 infection impacts sperm fertility, the guidelines for spring administration of COVID vaccines boosters, discusses the emergency use application of a pre-exposure prophylactic. revised guidelines for how to treat respiratory viral infection guidelines by the CDC,continues to dispel the myth of viral rebound, revised guidelines SARS-CoV-2 treatment and how to treat respiratory viral infections, when to use steroids and the benefits of convalescent plasma, what do when healthcare workers succumb to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and long COVID. For more information about this body of work, For more information about this body of work, listen to TWiV 1088.

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• Measles tracking (CDC)
• Influenza risk factors for potential severe outcomes (OFID)
• COVID-19 national trend (CDC)
• Does SARS-CoV-2 infection influence sperm quality (Scientific Reports)
• Spring COVID-19 booster recommendations (CIDRAP)
• Older adult spring booster available (CDC)
• Advisory committee for immunization practices slides (CDC)
• Advisory committee for immunization practices spring 2024 COVID-19 boosters (CDC)
• Slide 19 (CDC)
• EUA for pemgarda (FDA)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (IDSociety)
• Nirmatrelvir for vaccinated or unvaccinated COVID-19 patients (NEJM)
• Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir vs. remdesivir for treatment of high risk outpatients (Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease)
• Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV)
• Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (IDSociety)
• Outpatient treatment with concomitant vaccine-boosted convalescent plasma (mBio)
• Updated respiratory virus guidances (CDC)
• What do when your heathcare provider is infected with SARS-CoV-2 (CDC)
• Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC)
• Steroids,dexamethasone at the right time (OFID)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org) Long COVID evidence based review TWiV shout out (TWiV 1088)
• Contribute to our ASTMH fundraiser at PWB
• Letters read on TWiV 1106
• Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to [email protected]

TWiV reviews influenza H5N1 in North American cows and in birds throughout New York City, polio health emergency extended, ChatGPT to control vaccine hesitancy, increasing viral hepatitis worldwide, dengue public health alert in Puerto Rico, cherry trees drowning in Washington DC, death of iron lung Paul, origin and dispersal history of hepatitis B virus in Eastern Eurasia, and antibody-independent protection against heterologous SARS-CoV-2 challenge.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler

Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email

Become a patron of TWiV!

• MicrobeTV Discord Server
• MicrobeTV store at Cafepress
• Become a member of ASV (asv.org)
• The New City by Dickson Despommier (blog post)
• Navigating the U.S. Immigration System webinar
• International Conferene on Pandemic Preparedness
• Avian influenza in dairy cows North Carolina and South Dakota
• H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4 Pathogenic flu throughout NYC
• Polio from Afghanistan to Pakistan extending public health emergency
• CHAT GPT to combat vaccine hesitancy
• Viral hepatitis worldwide
• Dengue public health alert in Puerto Rico
• Cherry trees being drowned by water level rise in DC
• Paul in iron lung dies (NPR)
• Hepatitis B virus in Eastern Eurasia (Nat Comm)
• Antibody-independent protection against heterologous SARS-CoV-2 (Nature)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Brianne – Do Other Planets Have Solar Eclipses? Kathy – Radcliffe Wave and Mt. Etna smoke rings with video Rich – Spongy Oak Apple Gall Wasp (Amphibolips confluenta) Life cycle; Gall formation Alan – Rogue attempt to clone giant sheep for captive hunting Vincent – The Scientists Rock. Literally.

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin reviews recent statistics on the circulation of measles before addressing results of Pfizer’s phase 3 RSV vaccine clinical trial for adults under 60, RSV, influenza and SARS-CoV-2 circulation, differences between rural and urban communities dealing with SARS-CoV-2 infections, the latest statistics on influenza and COVID-19 circulation, restates the guidelines for spring administration of COVID vaccines boosters, discusses the emergency use application of a pre-exposure prophylactic. revised guidelines for how to treat respiratory viral infection guidelines by the CDC, continues to dispel the myth of viral rebound, revised guidelines SARS-CoV-2 treatment and how to treat respiratory viral infections, when to use steroids and the benefits of convalescent plasma, what do when healthcare workers succumb to SARS-CoV-2 infection, how long COVID affects the brain and associates with an increase in allergic incidents as well as if post SARS-CoV-2 infected patients are unable to exercise or have functional limitations. For more information about this body of work, listen to TWiV 1088.

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• Measles tracking (CDC)
• Measles just this year (MMWR)
• ABRYSVO phase 3 results (Pfizer)
• RSV surveillance (CDC)
• Influenza/flu surveillance  (CDC)
• Provisional deaths due to COVID-19 (CDC)
• COVID-19 national trend (CDC)
• COVID-19 wastewater testing (biobot)
• Variant tracker (CDC)
• Rural-urban differences in COVID-19 mortality and hospitalizations (OFID)
• Spring COVID-19 booster recommendations (CIDRAP)
• Older adult spring booster available (CDC)
• Advisory committee for immunization practices spring 2024 COVID-19 boosters (CDC)
• EUA for pemgarda (FDA)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Nirmatrelvir for vaccinated or unvaccinated COVID-19 patients (NEJM)
• Assessment for clinical usefulness (NEJM)
• Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV)
• Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (IDSociety)
• Updated respiratory virus guidances (CDC)
• What do when your heathcare provider is infected with SARS-CoV-2 (CDC)
• Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC)
• Steroids,dexamethasone at the right time (OFID)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org)
• Long COVID evidence based review TWiV shout out (TWiV 1088)
• Brian and cognitive changes in long COVID patients (BRAIN)
• Allergic disease incidents after COVID-19 (Nat Comm)
• Can post COVID patients exercise or do they have functional limitations (JAMA Network Open)
• Contribute to our ASTMH fundraiser at PWB 37:06
• Letters read on TWiV 1102 37:56
• Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to [email protected]

Vincent travels to the University of Texas in Austin to speak with speak with Jason McLellan about his career and his research on the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, including the effect of adding two proline residues, its effect on other viral spike glycoproteins, and general approaches to vaccine design.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello and Rich Condit

Guest: Jason McLellan

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• MicrobeTV Discord Server
• MicrobeTV store at Cafepress
• Become a member of ASV (asv.org)
• The New City by Dickson Despommier
• Prefusion-stabilized SARS-CoV-2 spikes (Science)
• Structure-based vaccine design (Curr Opin Immunol)
• Prefusion-stabilized SARS-CoV-2 S2-only antigen (Nat Comm)
• Stabilized coronavirus spike stem elicits broadly protective antibody (Cell Rep)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin reviews recent statistics on the circulation of measles and influenza before addressing Vincent’s comment on measles inclusion in the clinical respiratory PCR panel, the latest statistics on influenza and COVID-19 circulation, if inflammatory cytokines and anti-viral antibody function synergistically, if administration of peptide agonists of the glucagon-like or sodium-glucose pump can reduce disease severity, restates the guidelines for spring administration of COVID vaccines boosters, discusses the emergency use application of a pre-exposure prophylactic. revised guidelines for how to treat respiratory viral infection guidelines by the CDC, continues to dispel the myth of viral rebound, revised guidelines for SARS-CoV-2 treatment and how to treat respiratory viral infections, when to use steroids and the benefits of convalescent plasma, what do when healthcare workers succumb to SARS-CoV-2 infection, if remdesivir or paxlovid can reduce cardiovascular adverse events and the first finding of the two-year longitudinal study on long COVID. For more information about this body of work, listen to TWiV 1088.

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• Measles tracking (CDC)
• What happens when measles is included in commercial syndromic PCR panels (MMWR)
• Influenza/flu surveillance (CDC)
• Influenza on the Texas ranch (Statnews)
• Sequence analysis of highly pathogenic avian influenza from Texas (CDC)
• Influenza/flu map (CDC)
• COVID-19  hospital admissions (CDC)
• COVID-19 national trend (CDC)
• COVID-19 wastewater testing (biobot)
• Variant tracker (CDC)
• Variant hospital admissions (CDC)
• Can inflammatory cytokines and antibodies play nicely to prevent COVID-19 mortality (IJID)
• Association of GLP-1RA and SGLT-2i to modulate COVID-19 severity (Diabetes Therapy)
• Spring COVID-19 booster recommendations (CIDRAP)
• Older adult spring booster available (CDC)
• Advisory committee for immunization practices spring 2024 COVID-19 boosters (CDC)
• EUA for pemgarda (FDA)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV)
• Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (IDSociety)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• What do when your heathcare provider is infected with SARS-CoV-2 (CDC)
• Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC)
• Steroids,dexamethasone at the right time (OFID)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org)
• Remdesivir and cardiac adverse events in hospitalized patients (CID)
• Long COVID evidence based review TWiV shout out (TWiV 1088)
• Longitudinal study reveals long COVID symptom peaks and nadirs (OFID)
• Paxlovid lowers risk of cardiovascular disease in COVID-19 patients with autoimmune disease (BMC Medicine)
• Contribute to our ASTMH fundraiser at PWB
• Letters read on TWiV 1102
• Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to [email protected]

Paul Offit joins TWiV to discuss his latest book, “Tell Me When It’s Over”, an insider’s guide to deciphering COVID myths and navigating our post-pandemic world.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, and Brianne Barker

Guest: Paul Offit

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• MicrobeTV Discord Server
• MicrobeTV store at Cafepress
• Become a member of ASV (asv.org)
• The New City by Dickson Despommier
• Tell Me When It’s Over by Paul Offit
• Navigating the U.S. Immigration System (webinar)
• Classifying Viral Subspecies (Workshop)
• Options XII for the Control of Influenza (Meeting)
• Letters read on TWiV 1101
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Dickson – Astronomers Unveil Strong Magnetic Fields Spiraling at the Edge of Milky Way’s Central Black Hole Brianne – Inside the AI Competition That Decoded an Ancient Herculaneum Scroll Vincent – biotech.symposium on Instagram

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin reviews recent statistics on the circulation of measles influenza and SARS-CoV-2, before discussing the development of new monoclonal antibody therapy, if vaccines and antivial drugs can used effectively together. revised guidelines for how to treat respiratory viral infection guidelines by the CDC, continues to dispel the myth of viral rebound including that after administration of the “oral remdesivir”, revised guidelines SARS-CoV-2 treatment and how to treat respiratory viral infections, when to use steroids and the benefits of convalescent plasma, what do when healthcare workers succumb to SARS-CoV-2 infection, if one can predict the loss infectivity of healthcare workers with mild COVID-19 disease and the dynamics of household transmission of the virus in children.

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• Measles tracking (CDC)
• Influenza/flu surveillance  (CDC)
• Influenza/flu map (CDC)
• COVID-19  hospital admissions (CDC)
• COVID-19 national trend (CDC)
• COVID-19 wastewater testing (biobot)
• Variant tracker (CDC)
• Variant hospital admissions (CDC)
• What new monoclonal antibody therapy? (FDA)
• A New pre-exposure prophylaxis for COVID-19? (Invivyd)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Really COVID-19 rebound after Nirmatrelvir-ritonavir treatment? (JAMA Network Open)
• Can vaccines and antiviral be effective for COVID-19 together (International Journal of Infectious Diseases)
• Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV)
• Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (IDSociety)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• What do when your heathcare provider is infected with SARS-CoV-2 (CDC)
• Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC)
• Can loss of infectivity among healthcare works with mild and recurrent COVID-19 be predicted (CID)
• Household transmission dynamics in children with asymptomatic infection (CID)
• Steroids,dexamethasone at the right time (OFID)Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org)
• Contribute to our ASTMH fundraiser at PWB
• Letters read on TWiV 1098
• Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to [email protected]

Vincent travels to the University of Heidelberg to speak with Volker Lohmann about his career and the research of his laboratory on hepatitis C virus, hepatitis A virus, and norovirus.

Host: Vincent Racaniello

Guests: Volker Lohmann

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• MicrobeTV Discord Server
• MicrobeTV store at Cafepress
• Become a member of ASV (asv.org)
• The New City by Dickson Despommier
• HCV human challenge studies (Lancet Gastro Hepatol)
• Comparison of HCV and HAV infections (J Hepatol)
• HCV cell culture systems (J Med Chem)

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin deep dives into recent domestic and global measles and mpox outbreaks, before reviewing recent statistics on the circulation of respiratory syncytial virus, influenza and SARS-CoV-2, discussing revised guidelines for how to treat respiratory viral infection guidelines by the CDC, revised guidelines SARS-CoV-2 treatment and how to treat respiratory viral infections, continues to dispel the myth of viral rebound, when to use steroids and the benefits of convalescent plasma, what do when healthcare workers succumb to SARS-CoV-2 infection, how much oxygen is necessary for effective treatment of severe disease, how COVID-19 effects the cardiovascular system of children and adolescents with long COVID and how iron metabolism may be altered during long COVID.

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• Measles tracking (CDC)
• Measles in Cook County (MMWR)
• Gaps in measles vaccination drives viral surges (Infectious Disease Advisor)
• Misinformation impacts public health? Seriously? (ID Society)
• CDC alert for global and domestic measles cases and outbreaks (CDC)
• Mpox in Kamituga associated with outbreak in DRB (Eurosurviellance)
• Mpox in US, 2023 (MMWR)
• Mpox in DRC, 2024 (reliefweb)
• CDC guidance for respiratory diseases, COVID antiviral & emergence of clade I mpox (ID Society)
• ~5% of infected dead from mpox (CIDRAP)
• First cases of mpox in Republic of Congo (AP News)
• Respiratory  disease surveillance (CDC)
• RSV surveillance  (CDC)
• RSV national trend (CDC)
• Influenza/flu surveillance  (CDC)
• Influenza/flu map (CDC)
• COVID-19  hospital admissions (CDC)
• COVID-19 national trend (CDC)
• COVID-19 wastewater testing (biobot)
• Variant tracker (CDC)
• Variant hospital admissions (CDC)
• Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children 2023 (MMWR)
• Guidance for COVID-19 in children and adolescents (JPIDS)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• What do when your heathcare provider is infected with SARS-CoV-2 (CDC)
• Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC)
• Steroids,dexamethasone at the right time (OFID)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org)
• High/low oxygenation target (JAMA)
• How much oxygen is needed (JAMA)
• Orthostatic intolerance in long COVID and healthy volunteers (JMV)
• Autonomic cardiac function in children and adolescents with long COVID (European Journal of Pediatrics)
• Long COVID iron dysregulation and inflammatory stress erythropoiesis (Nat Imm)
• Contribute to our ASTMH fundraiser at PWB
• Letters read on TWiV 1098
• Dr. Griffin's COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to [email protected]

Vincent travels to the fifth Giant Virus Meeting in Tegernsee, Germany and speaks with Sheree Yau and Victoria Queiroz about their research on picoeukaryotes (tiny algal cells) and their viruses, pithoviruses, and an educational kit for virology classes.

Host: Vincent Racaniello

Guests: Sheree Yau and Victoria Queiroz

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• MicrobeTV Discord Server
• MicrobeTV store at Cafepress
• Become a member of ASV (asv.org)
• The New City by Dickson Despommier 8:16
• Virophage control of antarctic algal host-virus dynamics (PNAS)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!
• Virus-host coexistence in phytoplankton through the genomic lens (Sci Adv)
• Two groups of pithoviruses (J Virol)
• Educational toolkit for virology classes (J Virol)

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin highlights measles outbreaks throughout the continental US, reviews recent statistics on the circulation of respiratory syncytial virus, influenza and SARS-CoV-2 before discussing if vaccination protected children from the development of long COVID or cardiovascular diseases associated with virus infection, revised guidelines SARS-CoV-2 treatment and how to treat respiratory viral infections, continues to dispel the myth of viral rebound, when to use steroids and the benefits of convalescent plasma, how COVID-19 effects the autonomic nervous system, and if nirmatrelvir-ritonavir protects against adverse cardiovascular effects following SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email

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• Measles everywhere (CDC)
• Respiratory  disease surveillance (CDC)
• RSV surveillance  (CDC)
• RSV national trend (CDC)
• Estimating niresevimab effectiveness for infants (MMWR)
• More than 100 children died of influenza (NBS News)
• Influenza/flu surveillance  (CDC)
• Influenza/flu map (CDC)
• COVID-19  hospital admissions (CDC)
• COVID-19 national trend (CDC)
• COVID-19 wastewater testing (biobot)
• Variant tracker (CDC)
• Variant hospital admissions (CDC)
• Did the vaccine protect children against Long COVID (Pediatrics)
• Did COVID-19 vaccination impact cardiovascular diseases? (Nat Comm)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV)
• Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (IDSociety)
• Updated respiratory infection guidelines (CDC)
• What do when your heathcare provider is infected with SARS-CoV-2 (CDC)
• Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC)
• Steroids,dexamethasone at the right time (OFID)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org)
• Long COVID trial for autonomic nervous system dysfunction (NIH)
• Nirmatrelvir-ritonavir impact on myocardial injury and long-term cardiovascular outcomes in COVID-19 hospitalized patients (Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy)
• Contribute to our ASTMH fundraiser at PWB
• Letters read on TWiV 1096
• Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to [email protected]

TWiV reviews heterosexual transmission of clade I Mpox virus, continued circulation of oropouche virus in South America, herpesviruses in South American fur seals and sea lions, sex-specific differences in physiological responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection, underdetected dispersal and extensive local transmission drove the 2022 mpox epidemic, and a humanized mouse model for adenovirus-associated virus gene therapy.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Angela Mingarelli

Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email

Become a patron of TWiV!

• MicrobeTV Discord Server
• MicrobeTV store at Cafepress
• Become a member of ASV (asv.org)
• The New City by Dickson Despommier
• Heterosexual transmission of clade I Mpox virus (Emerg Inf Dis)
• Continued circulation of oropouche virus (PAHO and WHO)
• Herpesviruses in fur seals and sea lions (PLoS One)
• Sex-specific effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PLoS One)
• Drivers of 2022 Mpox virus epidemic (Cell)
• How AAV gene transfer works (YouTube)
• Humanized mouse model for AAV gene therapy (Nat Comm)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Dickson – Baden Powell – Manha de Carneval Angela – Upcoming Health & Fitness podcast from MicrobeTV Rich – Mark Smith Photography Alan – OpenVertebrate (and Science article on it) Vincent – Veterinary apparel for the veterinary nerd

Anne – Why Reed Jobs is betting on cancer innovations

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin reviews recent statistics on the circulation of respiratory syncytial virus, influenza and SARS-CoV-2 before discussing revised guidelines for how to treat respiratory viral infection guidelines by the CDC, effectiveness of the new SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and the combination of vaccination and antiviral therapy against the development of disease, continues to dispel the myth of viral rebound, how to pay for paxlovid, the lack of evidence supporting ivermectin as an antiviral drug, when to use steroids and the benefits of convalescent plasma, how COVID-19 affects cognitive function and the effect of long COVID and how healthcare works have difficulty making the proper diagnosis for long COVID even using a questionnaire.

Become a patron of TWiV!

• Respiratory  disease surveillance (CDC)
• RSV surveillance  (CDC)
• RSV national trend (CDC)
• Influenza/flu surveillance  (CDC)
• Influenza/flu map (CDC)
• COVID-19  hospital admissions (CDC)
• COVID-19 national trend (CDC)
• COVID-19 wastewater testing (biobot)
• Variant tracker (CDC)
• Variant hospital admissions (CDC)
• What to do when you are sick with a respiratory virus (CDC)
• Basis for respiratory virus guidance (CDC)
• Effectiveness of updated COVID-19 vaccines (MMWR)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Synergy or additive protection with vaccination and oral antivirals (CID)
• To rebound or to not rebound (MMWR)
• Know your COVID-19 tools (ESMED)
• How to pay for Paxlovid (PAXCESS)
• Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV)
• Still talking about Ivermectin? (Journal of Infection)
• Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (IDSociety)
• Steroids,dexamethasone at the right time (OFID)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org)
• Cognition and memory after COVID-19 (NEJM)
• Loss of IQ after SARS-CoV-2 infection (CIDRAP)
• Really, more evidence for long COVID and impaired cognition (NEJM)
• Memory assessment before and after COVID-19 (NEJM)
• Please complete this memory questionnaire (Community hyperbaric)
• Impact of long-term COVID-19 on workers in healthcare settings (PLoS One)
• Healthcare workers have difficulty assessing long COVID (CIDRAP)
• Contribute to our ASTMH fundraiser at PWB
• Letters read on TWiV 1094
• Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to [email protected]

TWiV discusses effectiveness of this season’s flu vaccine, efficacy of Pfizer RSV vaccine, nOPV2 in the US, dengue in Peru, measles in Michigan and Indiana, how coordinated inflammatory responses dictate control of Marburg virus by reservoir bats, and tRNA acquisition in phages driven by degradation of host translational machinery.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, Kathy Spindler, Brianne Barker, and Jolene Ramsey

Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email

Become a patron of TWiV!

• MicrobeTV Discord Server
• MicrobeTV store at Cafepress
• Become a member of ASV (asv.org)
• The New City by Dickson Despommier
• Effectiveness of flu vaccine (MMWR, Eurosurveill)
• Efficacy of Pfizer RSV vaccine (Pfizer)
• Understanding six types of vaccine technologies (Pfizer)
• nOPV in US? (CDC)
• Dengue in Peru (Peruvian State)
• Measles in Michigan and Indiana
• Marburg virus control by reservoir bats (Nat Commun)
• tRNA acquisition by phages (Cell)
• Viruses of Microbes 2024
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!